exam 3

what is Authoritative parenting style :

firm control balanced with ample nurturing (enforce standards but tell why certain behaviors are better or worse with facts and reasoning) 41

Special Peer Relationships:

"best friend" relationships within work context, characterized by high levels of disclosure, trust, social support ("work spouse")

how do you Improve Family Communication

-Create opportunities for intimate communication (the family meal) -Respect individual interests and accomplishments (everyone matters, not just the oldest) -Both sides recognize and adapt to change (especially as each side ages)

what is phase four

I know it's hard. I'm here for you.

what is cyberbullying

The extension of bullying behavior to electronic communication of any kind.

what is mutual hostility / fighting

partners trade increasingly louder verbal abuse (the most damaging of the five patterns)

Collegial Peer Relationships:

work -based friendships: a wider variety of topics are discussed, boundaries are maintained, private personal information is not discussed, no contact outside of work

what are the six heuristic

•1-reciprocity heuristic •2-social proof heuristic •3-liking heuristic •4-authority heuristic •5-consistency heuristic •6-scarcity heuristic

how do you validate emotions

•Acknowledge the negative emotion (You must be in shock •Legitimating/validating the experience of the emotion (That's terrible news) •Encourage discussion of the emotion (Do you want to talk about it)

what are the elements of celebratory support

•Affirm positive emotions. •Offer to celebrate with the person.

what are the five skills of supportive messaging

•Creating a Supportive Climate •Validating Emotions •Encouraging Reappraisal •Offering Advice •Providing Celebratory Support

how do you create a supportive climate

•Emphasize your desire and availability to help (I'm here) •Promise—and keep—confidentiality •Convey acceptance and affiliation (save public "face") •Convey warmth and caring nonverbally (hug, hand-holding) •Promote elaboration with questions and brief responses (I see...go on)

what are the three types of empathy

•Perspective Taking •Sympathetic •Responsiveness •Empathic Responsiveness

what is Cross-complaining:

trading unrelated criticisms, leaving the initial issue unresolved (changing the argument)

what are Siblings, including step and half

Sibling relationships can span more time than other relationships and provide communication training ground.

what is collaborating

using problem-solving to arrive at a solution that meets the needs and interests of both parties in the conflict (win/win

how do you Communicate Effectively with Your Manager

Adapt to your manager's communication preferences (how do they like to be approached?) Identify how you can help your manager effectively complete the work of your group (sell your strengths-social media)

what is a synthetic responsiveness

Feeling concern, compassion, or sorrow for another person because he or she is in a distressing situation ("warm")

what are the steps of collaboration

1.Confession (good for the soul?) 2. Venting (let 'em rip) 3. Understanding (What were you thinking?) 4. Apologize, and mean it! 5. Forgive (forget?) 6. Set conditions (I forgive you, but if it happens again...) 7. Monitor (Can you forget? Should you? Keep checking)

what is Principle of Negative Reciprocity

: tendency to repay negative treatment with negative treatment

what is phase one

Are you all right? What happened

what is the Peripheral route

Automatic Processing •Shortcuts save time and mental energy

how do you make someone complaint

Begin by doing facework with the other person (I know your job is hard...) •Describe what has happened that you believe violates your rights/expectations (details) •Explain why what has happened violates your rights/expectations •Describe how you feel about what has happened •Invite the person to comment on or paraphrase what you have said

what is the central route

Conscious Processing •Critically evaluate logic, credibility, emotional appeals

what are the five sources of power

Coercive Power Reward Power Legitimate Power Expert Power Referent

what is the passive approach persuasion

Concealing feelings rather than voicing rights and expectations to others

what is a supportive climate

Conversational environment in which recipients will feel comfortable disclosing their problems and emotions-but how?

what is Hyperpersonal communication theory

Digital interactions can become intense and overly intimate beyond what would occur in face-to-face relationship People can be more strategic in their presentation to others

how do you manage social media and work

Managing multiple conversations at work Each person deserves full attention Research: multi-tasking doesn't work Focus on one thing at a time Scan your media for incriminating photos Careful: criticizing colleagues/company Prepare your digital image for job search Consider ratio of professional-to-personal hits for your name on search engines

what is routine relational maintanace

Messages and behaviors that are performed without any deliberate intention to affect the relationship but have the effect of preserving intimacy (sharing routine tasks like cleaning)

what is the ELM ( elaboration likelihood model)

People can use mental shortcuts or more elaborate thinking skills when processing persuasive messages

what is empathic responsiveness

Personally experiencing an emotional response parallel to another person's actual or anticipated display of emotion (you feel what they feel)

what is interpersonal power went a relationship

Potential you have to influence the attitudes, beliefs, and behaviors of someone else (can change over time)

Mentoring Benefits:

Protégés : higher compensation, more promotions, greater career satisfaction Mentors : increased influence, protégés reflect their goals/values (giving back)

what was cyberstalking

Repeatedly using social media to shadow or harass others

what are culture based work styles

Results Oriented (U.S.): results over relationships Relationship Oriented (Japan, Mexico): relationships over results Sequential Task Completion: tasks completed in order Holistic Task Completion: tasks are worked on simultaneously

What is phase two?

Sorry, I can see why you're upset. Can I help?

what are the four supportive interaction phases

Support Activation Support Provision •Recipient Reaction •Provider Responses

what is phase three

Thanks, I'm worried about what will happen next.

how do we empathize

The cognitive and affective process of perceiving the emotions others are feeling and then acting on our perception (put ourselves in their shoes)

long-term romantic relationships (LTRRs)

Those enduring romantic relationships that are intimate and where partners have made some type of long-term commitment to each other include people who are engaged, co-habiting, in long- distance relationships married

what is Title VII

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a federal law that prohibits employers from discriminating against employees on the basis of sex, race, color, national origin, and religion. It generally applies to employers with 15 or more employees, including federal, state, and local governments.

what is perspective talking

Using everything we know about our partner and his or her circumstances to help us understand how he or she is feeling I

what is the aggressive approach to persuasion

Verbal Aggression: sending messages that attack another's self-esteem or express hostility, but is...

what is family

a self-defined group of intimates who create and maintain themselves through their own interactions and interactions with others

what is authority heuristic

do what experts advise (believe in the experts' opinions)

what is serial arguing

arguing about the same issue two or more times

what is the average job number , how long do people stay at each Job

average person spend 13 years and two months at work average person changes jobs 12 times during their lifetime length of time spent at a job is 4.2 years

what is compromising

bargaining=each partner's needs or interests are partially satisfied (both parties give up something: no winners or losers)

what is consistency heuristic

be consistent (do what you've always done in similar situations

what is counter blaming

blaming partners for being the cause of what they've accused you of doing; shifting responsibility, leaving the original issue unresolved

what is fact conflict

caused by a dispute over the truth or accuracy of an item of information: can be resolved by finding a reliable source to verify accuracy or truth

what is pseudo conflict

caused by a perceptual difference between partners: is easily resolved by clarifying meaning, clarifying goals & setting boundaries for appropriate teasing

what is value conflict

caused by differences in partners' deep-seated moral beliefs: difficult to resolve, may have to be content to "agree to disagree"

what is policy conflict

caused by differences over a preferred plan or course of action: no right or wrong, but may have to come to a mutual agreement that both parties can live with

what is intangible support

comfort , advice, companionship

what is supportive interactions

conversations whose goals are to provide emotional support for a partner (how much is too much?)

Mentoring relationship:

developmentally oriented relationship between a mentor (more experienced, often older) and a protégé (less experienced, often younger)

what is conflict flaming

digital communication displaying hostility through insults, profanity, and other offensive language (easier online: more aggressive, little or no backlash; anonimity)

what is meta conflict

disagreement over the process of communication itself during an argument: now there are two issues; the original issue and the conflict process itself

what is social proof heuristic

do what others do: follow the crowd (safety in numbers-mob mentality?)

what is relational maintenance

exchanging messages or behaving in ways that keep a relationship at a desired level of intimacy, satisfaction, and health (lack of communication can lead to problems)

what is scarcity heuristic

get what is in short supply(the harder something is to get, the more influential that something means to us)

what is celebratory support

helping others capitalize on their success, but ho

what is authoritarian parenting style

high levels of control with low levels of nurturing (my way or the highway) 39

what is Anxious-Ambivalent Attachment

infants feel unworthy of care and that others cannot be trusted, stemming from inconsistent nurturing

what is Avoidant Attachment

infants feel worthy of care but don't trust others, stemming from severe neglect as infants

what is Secure Attachment

infants feel worthy of care and that others can be trusted to provide it, stemming from consistent nurturing

what is liking heuristic

influenced by people we like & don't want to disappoint them

Informational Peer Relationships:

interactions and conversations devoted solely to work topics (Impersonal)

what are Family structures: Traditional:

married man/woman, living with one or more children from their union

strategic relational maintenance

messages and behaviors are deliberately performed in order to maintain the level of intimacy in the relationship

what is Passive-aggressive behavior:

messages indirectly express hostility (stubbornness, unresponsiveness, refusing to help, not owning up to your responsibilities)

What is the permissive parenting style?

moderate to high levels of nurturing but little control over children's behavior (Stop yelling! You're giving me a headache!)

what is tangible support

money or transportation help

what is Demand-withdrawal

one partner demands while the other withdraws (bringing up an issue which is ignored by the other party

Co-Workers:

peers who work together, are at the same or similar levels in an organization's hierarchy, and have no formal authority over each other

What are fictive kin?

people who are considered family members even though there are no genetic or marital ties Maddy

what is withdrawing

physically or psychologically removing yourself from the conflict so you don't have to deal with the issue

what is legitimate power

potential to influence based on authority granted to a person who occupies a certain role (parent, teacher, boss

what is expert power

potential to influence based on subject-specific knowledge and competence

what is coercive power

potential to influence rooted in the ability to physically or psychologically punish our partner

What is reward power?

potential to influence rooted in the ability to provide something the partner values, cannot easily get from someone else

what is the referent

power derived from the respect & admiration of others (reliable sources=endorse

what is reciprocity heuristic

repay in kind/feel an obligation to someone

what is Leader-Member Exchange Theory: Managers:

responsible for getting more work done than they have people to do it Managers seek subordinates willing to do more than expected

what is ego conflict

results when both parties insist on being the "winner" of the argument to confirm self-concept or self-esteem: can end up getting so personal as to ignore the issue

what is accommodating

satisfying others' needs or accepting others' ideas while neglecting your own needs and ideas (lose/win situation)

what is competing

satisfying your own needs or advancing your own ideas with little concern for needs/ideas of the other person or for the relationship (I win/you lose)

what is flaming

sending an aggressive message using social media

what is capitalization

sharing successes and leveraging good feelings with expectation that others will celebrate with us (social media?)

What is empathy?

the ability to understand and share the feelings of another

what is social support

the assistance we provide to others who we believe need our aid, tangible (money, transportation) or intangible (comfort, advice, companionship

what is source credibility

the extent to which partner believes in your:Competence,Trustworthiness,Likability