Exam 4 Final Exam Art

Monotype

A drawing or painting is created with oil paint or watercolor on a nonabsorbent surface of any material. A piece of paper is then laid on the surface, and the image is transferred by hand rubbing the back of the paper or passing the matrix and paper through a press.

Aquatint

A metal plate is evenly covered with a fine powder of acid-resistant resin and its uncovered surfaces are eaten away after being placed in an acid bath

Drypoint

A needle is dragged across the surface, and a metal burr, or rough edge, is left in its wake to one side of the furrow

Lithography

A surface or planographic printing process where the artist draws an image with a greasy crayon directly on a flat stone slab

Layout

A way of organizing the design elements in a printed work such as a poster, book, or magazine with print and pictures

Liubov Popova, Study for a Portrait

Abstraction Art abstract artists seek to reduce objects to basic shapes and descriptive colors, focusing more on the elements and design than on the objects themselves.

Woodcut

(Oldest form of printmaking) made by cutting along the grain of the flat surface of a wood block with a knife.

Wassily Kandinsky Composition VI

Abstract and non-objective art Art in its truest form

Henri Matisse, Woman with a Hat, 1905

Abstraction Art

Kenneth noLAnD, Graded Exposure

Acrylic on canvas composed of precisely delineated stripes or fields that represent abrupt transitions between variations on the color spectrum. Razor-sharp edges are achieved using tape lines and adjusting the acrylic medium The meticulous, glasslike, unbroken surface is free of gestural brushwork.

Roger Shimomura, Untitled

Acrylic on canvas. Pop art. The battle of East and West imagery may reflect the tensions within the artist regarding his ancestral roots and his chosen country.

Serigraphy

Also known as silk-screen printing, stencils are used to create the design or image in paint or ink

Graphic Design

An artistic process used to communicate information and ideas through writing, images, and symbols that are connected to contemporary human experience

Logo

An emblematic design used to identify and advertise a company or an organization

Young Lady with an Umbrella (circa 1910), "Autochrome Lumiere"

introduced Autochrome color process- glass plates coated with three layers of dyed potato starch that served as color filters.

Jackson Pollock Number 19

non-objective art no single focal point Tangible evidence of the artist's outward gesture, carrying with it his inner self.

Joan Mitchell Cercando un Ago

non-objective work the how IS the what The materials and process may be described as the subject of the work

Gary Kelley, Promotion for the Mississippi

sensual and rhythmic pastel drawing. looks like a painting. Contrast between the harsh angularity of the male singer's suit and the curves of the woman convey the spirit of sultriness in the blues club atmosphere.

Eugene Delacroix, Sketches of Tigers and men in Sixteenth-Century

taken out of this artist's sketchbook. reveals how the artist sees the world or works out an idea.

William Henry Fox Talbot, Botanical Specimen (1839)

the first Negative Talbot invented negative photos

Michael Baldwin and Mel Ramsden, Joseph Stain Gazing Enigmatically at the Body of B.I. Lenin as It Lies in State in Moscow in the Style of Jackson Pollock

title compels viewer to search for imagery. we want to make sense out of the senselessness. non-objective

howardena Pindell, Autobiography: Water / Ancestors, Middle Passage / Family Ghosts

Base medium: Tempera & Acrylic Also: On sewn canvas. markers, oil stick, paper, photo-transfer, and vinyl tape.

Jannie Antoni, Gnaw

Block of somewhat gnawed chocolate. Uses the uncommon medium of chocolate

Raffaello Santi (called Raphael) Portrait of Baldassare Castiglione

Realism-the replication-through artistic means-of people and things as they are seen by the eye or really thought to be, without idealization, without distortion Raphael created the subtleties of human flesh along with the illusion of contrasting textures: soft fur, supple velvet, and the coarse hair of his beard.

Soft-ground Etching

Employs a ground of softened wax and can be used to render the effects of crayon or pencil drawings.

Antonio Pollaiuolo, Battle of Ten Naked Men

Engraving detail of this print is described with the utmost precision, revealing the artist's painstaking mastery of the burin.

Cai Guo-Qiang, Drawing for Transient Rainbow, 2003

Ephemeral Art- a contemporary art genre not intended to last (except in documentation) beyond the experience of a moment.

Pablo Picasso, The Painter and His Model

Etching and aquatint. Pablo Picasso brought the forms out of void space by defining their limits with dynamic patches of aquatint

Henri Matisse, Loulou Distracted

Etching, printed in black. The extraordinarily simple, yet complete image attests to the delicacy that can be achieved with etching

Angelica Kauffmann, Hebe

Etching. crisscross patterns of closely sketched lines - cross hatching - create a sense of volume in areas that might otherwise appear flat

Miriam schapiro, Maid of Honour

Femmage (collage) a celebration of women's experiences with sewing, quilting, needlework, and decoration.

Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre, The Artist's Studio, 1837

First successful daguerreotype. remarkably clear image with sensitively assembled deeply textured objects and sculptures to create the illusion of depth.

Giotto, Lamentation

Fresco. from the Scrovegni (Arena) Chapel, Padua. [Early Italian Renaissance]

Van Gogh, "Cafe Terrace at Night", 1888

Oil Painting a sneak peak for his famed Starry Night which was painted a year later

NASA, Earthrise 1969

From first mission to moon. perfect geometry of Earth is a dramatic counterpoint to the irregular textured surface of the moon.

David Hockney, The Arrival of Spring in Woldgate, East Yorkshire in 2011

IPad Drawing his touch is "at once present and absent" opposite of Cut Paper Drawing

Rosemarie Trockel, Untitled

Ink Drawing artist used finger to apply ink to paper

Relief Printing

Ink is applied to the raised surfaces, often from a roller

Katsushika Hokusai, Drawing of man seated with left leg resting over right knee

Ink on Paper Ancient Japanese style has touches of wash-diluted watery ink- around hair and face to add volume to picture

Fang Lijun, Ink-and-Wash-Painting #3

Ink on Paper used medium of brush and wash to create image through tonal contrasts. illusion of deep space

Josef Albers, Solo V

Inkless intaglio, created by etching the lines of his design to two different depths

Leonardo's The Last Supper

Leonardo da Vinci attempted to surpass the limitations of fresco painting, only to suffer disastrous consequences. The experimental materials and methods he employed to achieve superior results were unsuccessful. He lived to see his masterpiece disintegrate beyond repair, at least until modern conservation and restoration techniques preserved what remained by his hand.

Wang Guangyi, Great Criticism: Coca-Cola

Lithograph, reads like an anti-American propaganda poster, the kind that you could imagine seeing glued in multiples to plywood in an urban landscape

Käthe Kollwitz, The Mothers

Lithograph. Highlights the plight of lower-class German mothers left alone to fend for their children after World War I. The high contrast of the black and white and the coarse quality of the wax crayon yield a sense of desperation suggestive of a newspaper documentary photograph

Wood Engraving

Many thin layers of wood are laminated and lines are incised or engraved with tools such as a burin or graver

Edgar Degas, The Ballet Master

Monotype in black ink that has all the spontaneity of a drawing and the lushness of a painting

Zhao Xiaomo, Family by the Lotus Pond

Multiblock woodcut printed with water-soluble ink

Ingres's Grand Odalisque

Oil Paint Produces a glasslike finish

Karin Davie, Between My Eye and Heart No. 12

Oil Paint- produces rich colors, but pigment cracks or fades over time

Beverly buchanan, Henriette's Yard

Oil Pastel Drawing symbolizes the precious and fragile nature of the shack and human existence Baced on Ms. Mary Lou Fucron's southern shack

Arpita Singh. Munna Appa's Kitchen

Oil on canvas

Roy Lichtenstein, George Washington

Oil on canvas

***Edward Hopper, Nighthawks

Oil on canvas. The subject is common-place and uneventful, though somewhat eerie. There is a tension between the desolate spaces of the vacant street and the corner diner.

Follower of Rembrandt van Rijn, Head of St. Matthew

Oil on wood

Leonardo da Vinci, A study of a woman's hands

Out of da Vinci's "little book of leaves" or sketchbook. Used white chalk highlights and charcoal shading to amplify the form

Lucas Samaras, Head #12

Pastel- ground chalk mixed with powdered pigments and a binder. Colors are pure and intense. Coarse splotches of vibrant color contrast with black paper to create a glowing, almost iridescent effect.

Vincent Van Gogh, Cafe Terrace at Night, September 1888

Pen and Ink Drawing used a reed pen which is well suited for short, brisk strokes and curvilinear flourishes characteristic of van Gogh's painterly style.

Nina Fowler, Christopher Allsopp

Pencil Drawing. 2012

Michelangelo Buonarroti, Madonna and Child

Pencil and Red Chalk Sketch of Madonna and Christ Child The precision in the muscular detail and fully realized form of the body remind us that Michelangelo's first medium was sculpture.

Claude Monet, Dandy with a Cigar (1857)

Pencil on Paper Cartoon Caricature- exaggeration and distortion of nature features Vehicle for social commentary, consciousness raising, and political activism.

Adrian Piper, Self-Portrait Exaggerating My Negroid Features, 1981

Pencil on Paper Focus is on artist's physical self that reveals her mixed black and white parentage based on physical differences between two races.

Hung Liu, Untitled

Photo-etching, mixed media. An untitled mixed-media print, whose main image consists of a photo-etching onto which are affixed small rectangular wooden blocks - mahjong pieces - bearing the "high- fashion" portraits of Chinese women

Andres Serrano, Johnny From Nomads Series

Photographic Portrait Similar to Raphael's painting in portrait style, posing, neutral backdrop, and flattering lighting. Photo is misleading because it hides the reality of homeless people's neglected, starving bodies through costumes.

Ansel Adams, Moon and Half Dome, Yosemite National Park, California

Photography- a science and an art that is a matter of selection and interpretation. much about design elements (shape, texture, value). Distance and scale come sharply into focus: This is a story of humans dwarfed by nature and nature dwarfed by stars.

Andy Warhol, Four Marilyns

Synthetic polymer paint and silkscreen ink on canvas. Warhol participated in the cultural immortalization of a film icon of the 1960s by reproducing a well-known photograph of the star on canvas

Gentile da Fabriano, Adoration of the Magi

Tempera on wood panel pure, brilliant colors were attainable and long lasting, and the consistency and fluidity of tempera paint allows for meticulous, precise brushwork.

Engraving

The artist creates clean- cut lines on a plate of copper, zinc, or steel, forcing the sharpened point of a burin across the surface with the heel of the hand (form of intaglio)

Mezzotint

The entire metal plate is worked over with a curved, multi-toothed implement called a hatcher

Etching

The metal plate is covered with a liquid, acid-resistant ground consisting of wax or resin and minimal pressure is exerted to determine the depth of line. (form of intaglio)

Typography

The technical term for designing and composing letterforms

Pierre Auguste Renoir, Tamaris, France

This artist's painting are recognizable for their pastel-color palette and feathery brushstrokes. French Impressionist Artist 19th century

Hall of Bulls

This wall painting was made in what is now France some 16,000 to 18,000 years ago.

Bronzino- Venus, Cupid, Folly, and Time

Uses Iconography: study of themes and symbols--figures and images that, when deciphered, reveal the underlying meaning of a work of art.

Paula Scher, "Great Beginnings" spread for Koppel & scher promotional booklet

(example of a layout) Her typefaces went from thick to thin, her colors like her subject alternated, she worked her key letters and numbers like columns, and her horizontal lines of text ramped uphill then down, but always left to right, requiring dizzying backward leaps

Cai Guo-Qiang (Transient Rainbow)

Carefully calibrated fire-work displays are this artists most famous pieces

Smiling Figure, Mexico

Ceramic figure from Pre-Columbian Veracruz Simplified features, yet still realism art

Kathe Kollwitz, Self-Portrait (1924)

Charcoal delicate lines drawn over broader areas of subtle shading enunciate the two main points of interest: the artist's face and her hand.

Claudio Bravo, Package

Charcoal and Pastel shows it can be expressive or descriptive does not possess the dusty quality of the materials Illusion of texture overrides the actual texture of the drawing materials

Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Le Divan Japonais

Color lithograph. His designs are successful because they capture, in a single image, the spirit and personality of the establishment and the performer.

Elizabeth Peyton, Mark (2003)

Colored Pencil on Paper

Georges Seurat, At the Concert Europeen

Conte crayon Drawing Conte Crayon- square stick of compressed graphite or charcoal mixed with wax or clay. Built up through contrasts of tone.

Intaglio

Created by using metal plates into which lines have been incised

Mia Pearlman, Eddy

Cut Paper Drawing complex and 3-D creates a drawing in space and its shadow produces another drawing.

Gilbert Stuart, George Washington

Detail. Oil on canvas is actually an unfinished work. Stuart created a realistic likeness through a fairly taut handling of the paint and well-placed areas of light and shadow that suggest roundness.

Theo van Doesburg Study for Composition (The Cow)

Drawing A- naturalistic. Drawing B- aesthetic purpose superseded concern for natural forms. Drawing C- gives form to the artist's aesthetic experience of reality. Drawing D- abstraction process and full realization of the principle of color and form in their purest state combing to create a harmonious whole.

Rembrandt Van Rijn, Christ Crucified between the Two Thieves

Drypoint. The blurriness of the drypoint line to enhance the sense of chaos attending the Crucifixion and the darkness of the encroaching storm

Robert Zakanich, By the Sea II

Gouache-on-paper painting Delicate palette and matte finish

Lawrence's The Life of Harriet Tubman, No. 4

Harlem Renaissance artist Jacob Lawrence frequently used tempera

Alex Katz, Red Coat

Silkscreen, printed in color. The subject's intense red lips serve as a symbol of contemporary glamour and it looks like a photograph transported into another medium

crash (john matos), arcadia revisited

Spray Paint on canvas. a violent clash of cultural icons that are barely contained within the confines of the canvas

Albrecht Dürer, The Great Piece of Turf

Watercolor The colors are pure and brilliant

Paul cézanne, The Winding Road

Watercolor The edges of the shapes are softened and seem to run together (main white road with smeared vague trees surrounding it)

Paul Cezanne, The Winding Road

Watercolor effect is atmospheric. Composition is brightened by white paper.

Paul Landacre, Growing Corn

Wood Engraving of corn

Chen Xuhai, Golden Autumn

Woodcut, printed with oil-based ink. A masterfully complex woodcut in which pockets of short lines of varying directions combine with long, velvet black crevices to create the signature landscape of an aging face

Cross Hatching

crisscross patterns of closely sketched lines

Alfred Stieglitz, The Steerage, 1907

early hand-held camera the medium of photography as a fine art as well as a tool for recording events.

Portrait of two brothers, from sheikh Abada, egyptian civilization

encaustic painting on wood