Foundations Exam 3 HONAN

The nurse is providing care to a client who has had a kidney biopsy. The nurse would need to be alert for signs and symptoms of which of the following?

bleeding

hematuria

blood in the urine

The nurse is caring for a client who is brought to the emergency department after being found unconscious outside in hot weather. Dehydration is suspected. Baseline lab work including a urine specific gravity is ordered. Which relation between the client's symptoms and urine specific gravity is anticipated?

the specific gravity will be high

A gerontological nurse is aware of the high incidence and prevalence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) among older adults. Consequently, the nurse is implementing plans of care that attempt to reduce this risk. Which of the following actions present the greatest risk of UTIs for older adults?

the use of indwelling urinary catheters

necrosis

tissue death

A client with urinary retention needs to undergo a procedure to insert an indwelling catheter. What should the nurse discuss with the health care provider before catheterization?

type and size of catheter to be used

ileal conduit

urinary diversion in which the ureters are connected to the ileum with a stoma created on the abdominal wall

Which of the following is the most common site of a nosocomial infection?

urinary tract

cystoscopy

visual examination of the urinary bladder

Which of the following is a strategy to promote urinary continence?

void regularly 5-8 times a day

The nurse is caring for a client who is scheduled for the creation of an ileal conduit. Which statement by the client provides evidence that client teaching was effective?

"my urine will be eliminated through a stoma"

Urine Specific Gravity

1.005-1.030

A nurse is caring for a client with a fluid and electrolyte balance. What urine specific gravity would the nurse expect to measure?

1.018

oliguria

Decreased urine output

A nurse is providing care for a patient who has had an indwelling urinary catheter in place for the past several days. To reduce this patient's risk of developing a catheter-related infection, the nurse should:

Ensure that the collection bag is always below the height of the patient's bladder.

A 64-year-old man is seeing his urologist for an annual check-up, post prostatectomy. The health care provider is concerned with the symptom he finds because it is considered diagnostic for bladder cancer. Which of the following signs/symptoms is diagnostic for bladder cancer?

Painless, gross hematuria

A patient with a UTI is having burning and pain when urinating. What urinary analgesic is prescribed for relief of these symptoms?

Pyridium

renal tubular necrosis

Renal epithelial cell casts in the urine indicate

Which type of incontinence is the involuntary loss of urine through an intact urethra as a result of coughing?

stress

urinary diversion/urostomy

surgically created opening for elimination of urine, required when the bladder must be removed or bypassed

nuclear scan of kidneys

takes pictures of kidneys, fluid is injected in veins

A patient taking an alpha-adrenergic medication for the treatment of hypertension is having a problem with incontinence. What does the nurse tell the patient?

When the medication is discontinued or changed, the incontinence will resolve.

The nurse is caring for a patient with dementia in the long-term care facility when the patient has a change in cognitive function. What should the nurse suspect this patient may be experiencing?

a UTI

Which nursing assessment finding indicates the client has not met expected outcomes?

the client voids 75 cc four hours post cystoscopy

When describing the functions of the kidney to a client, which of the following would the nurse include?

control of water balance

What causes a decrease in specific gravity?

damage to kidney tubule cells (renal tubular necrosis), diabetes, drinking too much fluid

After teaching a group of students about the types of urinary incontinence and possible causes, the instructor determines that the students have understood the material when they identify which of the following as a cause of stress incontinence?

decreased pelvic muscle tone due to multiple pregnancies

What causes an increase in specific gravity?

dehydration, diarrhea, emesis, excessive sweating

Which instruction would be included in a teaching plan for a client diagnosed with a UTI?

drink liberal amounts of fluid

An appropriate nursing intervention for the client following a nuclear scan of the kidney is to:

encourage high fluid intake

hyperkalemia

excessive potassium in the blood

When the bladder contains 400 to 500 mL of urine, this is referred to as

functional capacity

A client is experiencing some secretion abnormalities, for which diagnostics are being performed. Which substance is typically reabsorbed and not secreted in urine?

glucose

Regulation of electrolyte balance is a management goal for patients suffering from renal disease. Which of the following lab results is considered the most life-threatening effect of renal failure?

hyperkalemia

The nurse is conducting a community education program on UTIs. The nurse determines that the participants understand the teaching when they identify which factor as contributing to UTIs in older adults?

immunocompromised

Three areas of the ureters have a propensity for obstruction. Prompt management of renal calculi is most important when the stone is located where?

in the ureteropelvic junction

A client reports urinary frequency, urgency, and dysuria. Which of the following would the nurse most likely suspect?

infection

renal calculi

kidney stones

A client undergoes surgery to remove a malignant tumor followed by a urinary diversion procedure. Which postoperative procedure is the most important for the nurse to perform?

maintain skin and stomal integrity

A client with a history of bladder retention hasn't voided for 8 hours. A nurse concerned that the client is retaining urine notifies the physician. He orders a bladder ultrasonic scan and placement of an indwelling catheter if the residual urine is greater than 350 mL. The nurse knows that using the bladder ultrasonic scan to measure residual urine instead of placing a straight catheter reduces the risk of:

microorganism transfer

The nurse has paged a hospital patient's primary care provider because the patient's urine output over the past 12 hours is approximately 140 mL. The nurse would recognize that this patient is experiencing what health problem?

oliguria

dysuria

painful urination

A client has a suspected bladder tumor. What is the most common first symptom of a malignant tumor of the bladder?

painless hematuria

Periurethral bulking

placement of small amounts of collagen in urethral walls to aid the closing pressure.

A client presents to the emergency department complaining of a dull, constant ache along the right costovertebral angle along with nausea and vomiting. The most likely cause of the client's symptoms is:

renal calculi