GACE Educational Leadership Mometrix Test Preparation

Reducing the achievement gap

Align resources and support in an equitable matter. Provide targeted interventions . Set campus goals. Track data.

Long term benefits of collaborating with community members

Alignment of vision and goals. Create partnerships.

Successful

All students should be ___________________ in school.

Academically successful

All students should be_________ by support of the leadership team.

Stakeholders

All the people who stand to gain or lose by the policies and activities of a business and whose concerns the business needs to address.

Regarding school buildings and grounds maintenance for which of these are school leaders directly responsible?

Allocation of budget for inspection and maintenance.

Structure of professional learning communities

Allow staff with shared roles or responsibilities to collaborate together under the leadership of one person who is designated to lead. Can also structure by grade level or content. Be goal driven as well.

Compromise

An agreement or a settlement of a dispute that is reached by each side making concessions.

Procedure

An established or official way of doing something. Individual campuses help create ways to address and assess things not directly written.

Effects of physical plant safety on the instructional program

An unsure area an upset instructional program. Be sure to be in compliance of ADA codes.

Performance Indicators

Analyze student performance indicators. Can use a variety of performance indicators to identify gaps. Use 2-3 years are used to identify disparities. Be ready to prepare and address them.

Expected barriers

Analyze too much data. Lack of consensus. Garnering support.

Example of instructional interruptions

Announcements. School assemblies. Meetings.

Quantitative data does what

Answers questions to what or who.

Qualitative data does what

Answers questions to why or how.

Calibration

Any procedure used to evaluate the accuracy of a measurement system and, when sources of error are found, to use that information too correct or improve the measuring system.

Evidence of a culture of high expectations in classrooms

Appearance of the classroom and the behavior of teachers and students. - Neat, organized and conductive to learning. -Posted material should be relevant, positive and encouraging. - Technology ready for student to use. - Teachers should demonstrate mastery and have an eagerness to learn.

The principal of a high school has been approached by a parent group that wants to fund the purchase of artificial turf for the school's athletic field. A reporter from the local paper has called for a statement regarding whether the school would accept such a gift. Which of the following actions should the principal take before proceeding further on the group's offer?

Apprise the district superintendent of the situation.

Studying research based & proven best practices

Areas of deficit or weakness on campus often results from a lack of knowledge rather than the lack of capability. -School for successful strategies the can be implemented on their campus. -Need to find practices that have proven.

Connection between the school and local education trends

Helps to align education expectations. Benefits greatly by helping understand the educational needs of the students. Identify the soft skills needed to be successful. What trends in degree programs and career paths students need to be ready for.

Example of school goals

High expectations for academic performance College readiness Student centered instructional strategies

To engage diverse family and community members, school leaders and staff must make efforts to bridge gaps in language, culture, literacy , education and so on. Which strategy MOST addresses cultural differences?

Hiring community liaison to help staff understand parental beliefs about education.

Verbal communication examples

Hosting meetings. Host events with the theme. Host community meetings. Written emails such as formal reports, memorandums.

Organizational systems

How a school is organized in relation to resources, personnel time, space to achieve student learning and success. Dictates structure of the school and its systems.

Relevance in instruction

How content is related to other content and to the real word as experienced by the students in the classroom. -New content needs to connect with old content to make sense to students.

School leaders should regularly review and analyze teacher's learning objectives, assessments, progress, and achievements data collection and use their analyzes to determine which of the following?

How well these elements align with one another within and across grade levels and curriculum.

International Baccalaureate Programs

Ib is a rigorous school curricular program that has been implemented in schools across the world. School must be recognized as an IB schools. - Process can take two to three years. -Receive a professional development and participate in the international network. Students should demonstrate a high level of academic success. Key to second language.

To implement the school vision and pursue the school goals, how should a school leader best invite others to share these commitments?

Identify school and community members with diverse perspectives to assure representation.

A constructivist model for evaluating educational programs incorporates multiple stakeholder perspectives. Which of the following correctly sequences the steps for school leaders and others to follow this approach?

Identify stakeholders Discover stakeholders concerns, issues, and assertions. Furnish a method and context for collecting and analyzing stakeholder feedback Reach consensus within and among stake holder group Use an agenda for negotiations Gather and disseminate information for negotiating Establish a forum enabling negotiation Make and deliver a report to stakeholders Review any unsolved matters.

A school district is introducing a new reading program that requires teachers to change their approach to reading instruction. Which of the following strategies would best obtain the support of teachers for the new reading program?

Identifying teachers who will pilot the program and basing the program's implementation on their feedback.

Handling miscommunication

If a leader becomes aware of miscommunication one should act immediately to fix it. Take responsibility by identifying it and then correct it.

Role of special education status in addressing disciplinary problems

If a student has special education services and a behavioral problem they may receive a behavior plan. -Teachers, school leaders must abide by these plans. -If the student has a large behavioral infraction from their disability it may be deemed that they need other types of disciplinary action. - It the behavior is not from their disability the student will be held accountable for their conduct.

Ensuring clear communication

If the communication is clear it will be seen via the stakeholders behavior. Stakeholders will have more buy in.

Evidence of a culture of learning

Implementing effective classroom instructional strategies for students learning. Implementing processes of continuous improvement improvement increase student learning and academic performance. Participating in professional development for teacher and staff collectively and individually. Acquiring and sharing of knowledge by leadership.

Effective data system

Important for managing organizational systems. Must keep track of accurate data - For teacher to class ratio -Safety on campus. -Proper funding. - Acquisition and allocation. -Instructional decision making.

Purpose of professional learning communities

Improve the educational performance and achievement of students through educator collaboration. Facilitate shared knowledge and improving skills among educators through data analysis. Teachers can discuss practices and ways to seek improvement.

A district wide acceptable use policy is intended to regulate ...

In using technology properly.

How can a school leader evaluate and improve the school curriculum for cultural and racial equity?

Include multicultural education within the school curriculum goals.

Overcoming barriers

Include stakeholders. Action plans with specific strategies. Create contingency plans.

An elementary school teacher is committed to a transformational model of multicultural education. Which actions should be taken next?

Incorporating a range of cultural perspective into the curriculum.

Services provided for parents through community resources

Increase the likelihood of parental engagement in these resources. - ESL -GED -Child care

Acting as a role model

Individuals see and imitate the leader of the school. Leaders show act the way they want teachers to act and it should up hold the mission/ vision. Leaders should show students conduct, dress, speech and other areas.

Parents complain about a van driven making inappropriate comments to their young daughter on the ride. The van is operated by a third company. After investigating the principal concludes that the driver has made the comments and more to other females. What should be done next.

Inform the company and follow their next steps.

Qualitative data

Information describing color, odor, shape, or some other physical characteristic.

Example of qualitative data

Information gathered from students, staff and stake holders. Opinions, perceptions, feelings and assumptions received from surveys.

Vertical & horizontal alignment

Instruction and curriculum both on campus and within the district. - Helps with collaborative planning among colleagues and ensures continuity of instruction for students.

Supporting collaborative teaching & learning on campus

Instrumental in ensuring that teachers are able to collaborate on campus. Plan a school schedule that allows for collaboration. Train staff in how to participate. Choose a leader to present organization. Have peers model the behavior.

Continuous improvement

Involves always searching for new ways to improve work quality and performance. -Procedures of evaluation must be developed and implemented at regular check points. -Use interventions and actions based on area of weakness to improve.

Systems Thinking

Involves understanding how a system or an organization is constructed. See how the smaller systems create the whole system.

Which of the following strategies best engages stakeholders in the process of creating a shared vision?

Involving employees and community members directly in the process so each has a voice.

What is the MOST accurate description among ways that effective school leaders openly share data with students and staff?

Involving students in knowing and track their own data.

Role of law enforcement in school discipline

Law enforcement has the right and responsibility to administer legal consequences in addition to local disciplinary consequences. Have a police presences, but it can be discretionary.

Impact of laws, regulations, policies and procedure on visions & goals

Laws should be reviewed and considered. Evaluate before changing.

Different discipline approaches

Lax approach. Individualized disciplinary strategies with set disciplinary policies. Stringent discipline approaches. Zero tolerance polices.

Utilizing high performing teachers to support the growth of other teachers

Lead departments and collaborative meetings. Leaders may also direct these teachers to lead on campus professional development sessions. Have them serves as models.

School leaders can institute consistent, routine, effective data- based decision making by establishing strong school cultures for data use through forming a school-wide data team. What should this team do?

Lead school staff by modeling data use.

To assist teachers with integrating technology into instructions, which should school leaders do?

Lead teachers to encourage student concept comprehension before using technology.

Information sources to learn about community dynamics

Leader can search for publication Attend community meetings

Modeling openness to change

Leader is the model on campus. -Have a model of openness to change. -Have a positive attitude during change. -Be receptive and optimistic in times of change.

Monitoring curricular programs to ensure they are meeting students needs

Leader must monitor curricular programs to ensure that students needs are being met. -Must meet academic and social needs. -Leaders need to examine student's needs and design the curricular program based on those needs.

Determining if communication strategies need to be adjusted

Leader must use articulation to share goals and visions. -All staff members should discuss goals. -Communicate in a way with openness and no barriers.

Identifying strengths & weaknesses of campus performance

Leader should use quantitative, anecdotal and observation data to identify the strengths and weaknesses of campus performance. -Others campuses experiences. -Reviewing goal setting. -Participate in regular classroom duties. -Ask teachers for input.

Transformational leadership style

Leader utilizes personal creativity, motivation, constant communications, and relationships to inspire a team with a shared vision and to consider changes as needed.

Sphere of influence

Leader's power to affect others, even without formal authority. Have authority over: staff & students. Does not have authority over: parents, community members, district personnel & other stake holders.

Supporting teachers' growth with evaluations

Leaders are accountable for addressing areas of improvement. Best support with professional development. Hold teachers accountable for improving practice.

Nonverbal communication

Leaders behavior

Effectively monitoring the curricular program

Leaders can effectively monitor the curricular program by analyzing data, conducting observations and soliciting feedback. - Leaders need to look for mismatched information and student deficits. -Can be see through observation and instruction. - Then give proper aid to those that need help.

Families

Leaders can support the school's culture by encouraging __________ to develop their own culture of learning and providing resources and support for them to do so.

Delegate

Leaders have to be able to ______________________ tasks and responsibilities.

Communicating implementation of visions and goals

Leaders have too frequently and clearly identify alignment by writing or verbally to educators or community. The Example hosting a literacy night to show the importance of reading.

Relationship between delegation & accountability

Leaders must be held accountable. Can use check-in dates with team members. Set milestones for project completion.

Relationship between delegation & authority

Leaders must have appropriate authority to accomplish tasks. Must coordinate with other people and resources. Need to have confidence in their abilities.

Anticipating & preparing for when to implements change

Leaders need to be prepared to leverage these team members by encouraging them. -Be prepared for indecisive team mates. -Be prepared for opposed team mates. -Be ready to spend time and resources to encourage change.

Monitoring progress toward goals

Leaders need to check progress in intervals. Plan interventions for areas that are not successful.

Supporting cross curricular instruction

Leaders need to facilitate collaboration and provide resources. -It can be done independently, but better with a group. -Need professional development resources.

Supporting instruction through appropriate physical resources

Leaders need to provide adequate physical resources. Have enough physical space. Supply instructional supplies. Have technology.

Ways for families to be involved in school decision making

Leaders need to provide as many opportunities as possible for families to be included in the decision making process. 1. Inform families in advance of decisions that will be made. 2. Gather and survey information. 3.Communicate with parent organizations on campus or form a parent focus group. 4. One parent on shared decision committee.

Uses of professional influence to impact the school

Leaders network and contacts can increase power of influence. Bring positive attention and resources to the school. Secure opportunities for students. Promote social justice.

Clear communication

Leaders should be aware of using technical terms & jargon. This helps with with stakeholders understanding the vision.

`Considerations when scheduling parent meeting

Leaders should consider that time of day and day of the week that meetings are held. Goal of the meetings are to effectively communicate with parents in a group setting that maximize parent attendance. Usually evening meetings are better.

Which statement is MOST accurate concerning how school leaders can ensure that faculty instructional practices treat minority students equitably?

Leaders should make sure that all staff members learn to pronoun names.

Effectively communicating goal progress

Leaders should monitor goal progress - Communication should happen regularly. -Communicate both positive and negative goals. - Better if in person.

Participating in professional education organization and associations

Leaders should participate in professional education organizations and associations. Create a way to support educators in various stages of their career. Leaders should be current on trends in education, changing laws/ policies and political updates. Also be sure to network.

Impact of a leader's personal values & beliefs on the effectiveness of leadership

Leaders should show positive attributes . Lead by example.

Transformational Leadership

Leadership that, enabled by a leader's vision and inspiration, exerts significant influence. Example a leader who promotes professional development.

Related to school safety plans, goals for school leaders include which of these?

Leading school needs assessments, safety plan development, and implementation monitoring.

Example of learning spaces

Library with the appropriate material. Technology resources.

School leaders may be confronted by angry parents complaining about something that is outside of a leader's control. In the experience of successful leaders, which of the following is most effective?

Listening and then communicate understanding.

Supporting school programs with community resources

Local community organizations -Provide value in broad range areas that benefit the school, staff, and students. - Provide school supplies . -Maintain school safety. -Create a mentorship.

LEAs

Local education agencies interpret federal and state laws to create policies for their school districts.

Identifying community resources for promoting wellness.

Maintain directories of community organizations and programs that support student and their families within the school district. Local resources include branches of city, county, or a state organizations and are easily identified online. Venture into the community and make connections with the leaders of area organizations to determine how the school and the organizations can collaborate.

Human resources

Maintains policies, plans, and procedures for the effective management of employees.

Converting non measurable goals into measurable goals

Make goals quantifiable Performance standard or assessment should be clearly identified.

Which action by a new principal is most likely to build rapport with the local community?

Making frequent, informal contacts with individuals , organizations and business community.

Among school leader responsibilities for managing daily school facility operations, which is MOST likely to involve district support for hiring expert consultants to address contemporary issues?

Managing school environment quality

Student outcomes

Measured in terms of student related data

The teachers at Oak Ridge Elementary School have reported to the principal that the cafe serving area and tables are often not cleaned properly and lack of proper sanitation methods has become a health concern. Best strategy for ensuring for cafe cleanly standardized.

Meet with food service manager to communicate specific concerns and to review expectations for safety and cleanlinesses.

A high school principal works with the district to implement a voluntary , self contained education program for teenage parents. Why is that rationale?

Meets the needs of a particular student body.

Highly qualified personnel

Minimum qualifications of a teacher according to the No Child Left Behind Act 2001. - A bachelors degree - State licensure - Demonstrate knowledge of the subject

Heterogeneous grouping

Mixed-ability groups.

Flexible school day

Modifies the traditional schedule to accommodate students and their families. - Four hour block - Evening school - Day school Very beneficial for students.

Alignment of curriculum & instruction to assessment

Must be measured and what is measured must be taught. -This will help teachers pace.

Regarding school leader involvement in lobbying to influence legislation that affects education, which of these is true?

Must inform lawmakers regarding educational issues.

Enlisting support for change on campus

Need an agent of change. -Gather support by good communication. -Leaders need to be a constant advocate of change and participate in it. -Enlist the help of teachers and community.

Assessing program quality

Need to use. -Data that can inform a leader regarding program. Student participation to reflect in participation and attendance data. -Can also use outside agencies to review data. -Ask stakeholders for feedback as well.

Supporting high performance expectations

Needs to be measurable. Leaders need to monitor and convey how students and teachers can succeed.

Impact of leadership style on teacher recruitment

Negative leadership style deters teachers from wanting to work. - Watch body language Be fair, supportive and warm in approach.

Among challenges that school leaders face in their efforts to promote student mental health, which of the following descriptions most represents the category of limited resources.

No child left behind has transformed many school counselor duties to academic achievement.

Can not be quantified

Non measurable goals.

Which statement is true with respect to segregated educational services for individuals student needs and integrated comprehensive educational services?

Educators should design their curriculum and instruction beginning with appropriate differentiation.

Researchers have identified which essential finding about how school leaders recruit, assign, develop and retain highly qualified teachers?

Effective schools retain superior faculty more than other schools.

Benefits of cross-curricular instruction

Cross-curricular instruction is the deliberate making of connections between various content areas. -Beneficial for students because it demonstrates the relevance of their content knowledge. -Additionally utilizing concepts and skills in different context helps students to master and retain skills. -Helps teachers to collaborate.

Dual credit enrollment

Curricular program designed to give students the opportunity to earn college credits while they are still in high school. Students will be in high school and college at the same time. Students could potentially earn associates degree while in high school.

When school principals collaborate with others in making curriculum decisions who else should be involved?

Curriculum specialist, professionals and board members.

Documentation and communication in emergency situations

Emergencies include 1. Health 2. Fire 3. Natural disaster 4. Intruders Needs A written plan of procedures Specific personnel with specific roles Practice the drill Proper resources

Prevent bullying

Employ several strategies. 1. Student and staff must be aware of what bullying is and is not. 2. Show that the behavior is not acceptable or tolerated. 3. Model healthy, respectful relationships with one another. 4. Addressed swiftly and effectively.

A high school teacher's Algebra II class includes some students learning independently, some progressing as fast as she could teach them, and some lacking prerequisite skills for the course. The teacher's dual goal is to help every student acquire a solid grasp of mathematics and also pass the standards exam. Which of the following practices help her achieve this?

Dividing classroom time among varied instructional grouping and activities.

Which of the following is the most critical question when to consider in using community resources in the classroom?

Do the resources meet the need of program?

Decreasing student drop out rates

Drop out rate measured by accountability. How to decrease them.. - Create curricular programs featuring career pathways. - Give opportunities to earn college credit. -Mentoring programs. - Accelerated school programming. - Provide assistance, support and resources to families. May need to partner with other organizations.

Laws

Enforceable rules of conduct in a society. The education process are established at the national and state level and supersede district and campus policy.

Engaging community stakeholders

Engage community stakeholders in order to utilize community resources and build partnerships. 1. Effectively community with stakeholders. 2. Invite stakeholders to visit the school and participate in school activities. 3. Engage in activities hosted by community stakeholders.

Leader's own physical and mental wellness

Ensure his or her own physical and mental wellness. Set an example for staff and students by prioritizing personal health needs. Delegate responsibilities and accept assistance whenever possible. Eating and sleeping properly are important. Take advantage of resources and supports that are offered on campus and through the school district.

Equity vs. Equality

Equality -Providing all students with the same amount of necessary to meet these standards. Equity -Providing students with the resources and support that meet their individuals needs. -Remember some students may need more material more than the others to be successful.

Which TWO of the following actions by school leaders support the effective use of formative assessment data for improving student achievement?

Equipping classroom and lab computers with response software that allows teachers to view students' answers to teacher-posed questions. Introducing a student information system that facilitates teachers' ability to track the progress of individual students or groups of students.

When facilitating the faculty meeting, Mr. Jackson resolves to remain neutral in the discussions and listen carefully to each viewpoint. The primary purpose of this strategy is most likely to...

Establish a forum where faculty members feel their opinions are valued and the discussions are fair.

Ms. Bartholomew chair the business education department in a large vocational high school. She uses a portion of each department meeting to present an issue to be discussed and decided upon by members. During the meeting member argue openly and are unable to come to a conclusion . It is clear Ms. Bartholomew that she must concentrate on team building if she expects to operate as a unit. Which step of team building should she focus on first.

Established shared goals to which all department members are committed.

How to keep employees focused and productive during a meeting?

Establishing ground rules for handling questions, comments and discussions.

What is an appropriate strategy to ensure data is reviewed continuously.

Establishing professional learning communities to evaluate student work on weekly basis.

A superintendent provides training to district principals on strategies for building professional capacity in their schools. Which of the following best identifies an action by the principals that would most likely build professional capacity through collaboration within their schools?

Establishing professional learning communities to promote shared inquiry among teachers.

Comparing performance with outside standards

Evaluate data on campus and determine that all students regardless of demographics are performing at comparable rates. -Should compare performance of students on his or her campus to other schools int he surrounding area in and outside the district.

Current federal legislation

Every student succeeds act (ESSA). - Enacted in 2015 during president Obama's administration. -Provides more flexibility in addressing key goals used to goal the educational gap. -Replaced No child left behind (NCLB) from 2002.

A school leader in an urban high school is working with the leadership team to consider disciplinary consequences that better support student achievement and build a positive school culture. Which of the following actions has the best potential for achieving the school leader's goal?

Examining programs that provide alternative solutions to suspensions.

Supporting implementation

Example of excepted behavior. Give priorities.

Studies have found that students achievement is increased most by school investments in which of the following?

Expanding teacher education.

Types of barriers

Expected Unexpected

How laws and regulations protect privacy confidentiality of information

FERPA -Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act Student Education Records Be sure to inform parents and students ages 18 or older of their rights under FERPA.

Project based learning models

Facilitate interdisciplinary learning through student completion of large extended projects.

A school administrator best fosters cohesion among staff members by doing which of the following?

Facilitating regular conversations on common goals.

Secondary stakeholder

Faculty and staff

Social justice

Fair and equitable treatment of all persons regardless of their status in society. 1. All students have access to quality materials in the school building.

Regarding family involvement in educational decision making for their children, which of these statements is LEAST accurate?

Families are inspired to participate by the minority of families who volunteer.

Ways for families to be involved in the decision made about their child's education

Family choices should include: Course selection School programming Extracurricular activities Provide clear and effective communicate so parents can understand why to chose it. Give different ways for parents to chose their options.

Areas of the education process impacted by laws

Federal and state laws impact almost every aspect of the education process. Students with special education. EEl. Standardized testing. Student confidentiality. School liability. School performance expectations. Technology use. School finance.

How school funding is calculated

Federal government provides some funding. -Not always substantial and may fluctuate. State government provides funding to schools based on income and/ or sales taxes. - Majority of school funding is gained from property taxes. Per Pupil basis average about $10,000 per student. - Certain programs get extra funding.

Benefits of maintaining a safe school for the community

First priority. Increase value to stakeholders. Increase enrollment.

Planning for crises

Have advance plans to ensure that the school is as prepared as possible. 1. Emergency plans ( natural disasters, medical emergencies, intruders, fire) . 2. Should be written and staff should be trained on how to implement plans. 3. Have a schedule of drills. 4. Be familiar with district policy. 5. Make contact with local emergency services.

Collaborative teaching and learning

Have lead teacher to present instruction to student while the other ones support. One teachers may present new instruction and the other one remedial or intervention instruction. Can divide into groups and station rotations.

A parent asks about Title 1, the ESSA and the improving the academic achievement of the disadvantaged and why it was created..

Help local school districts expand and improve programs to meet the needs of exceptional children.

To develop staff leadership skills that advance the school vision, which activities that school leaders can ask staff members to participate in fall into the category of helping staff increase their skill and knowledge bases?

Help screen and interview job applicants, attend district meetings, work on less familiar projects and help others work with challenging parents.

Educating community stakeholders about local education process

Help them understand the reason for local policies and procedures and to help them engage in the local education process. Should be aware of the decision making process within the school. Should be educated in the budgeting process.

Educating community stakeholders about state & federal education processes

Help them understand the reason for the laws & policies that govern the education system & to help them engage in the state / federal processes.

School goals

Help to determine where to devote energy and resources

Experts advice school leaders to create a clear vision for the best use of school- wide student achievement data and to communicate this vision. What else do they recommend for using these data.

School leader should institute supports to develop a data- driven school culture.

Opinions & feedback

School leaders can get _________________________ from other stakeholders using one on one interviews , focus groups and community meetings.

Research into school leader perceptions and attitudes regarding inclusive education of students with disabilities has found which of the following?

School leaders having positive experiences with disabilities made less restrictive placements.

Identify students needs

School leaders need to be sure to ___________________ so they can be addressed in the development of the schools vision and goals.

Which statement is MOST accurate and complete regarding school leader skills for promoting staff communication and collaboration in problem solving toward school improvement and reform to realize school vision and goals?

School leaders use consensus building and group process skills in facilitating reform.

Teachers and staff

School leadership seek to support and assist them in their professional growth.

As a part of an overall school reform initiative, a principal makes a plan to distribute leadership among educators and other stakeholders for implementing school goals. Which research findings exist to inform this decision?

School reform initiatives all share implicit distributed leadership in common.

Limited or skewed

Schools need to use multiple sources to develop schools vision and goals or it may be _________________.

Designed

Schools should be _________ in a way that facilitates a culture of learning.

Consequences for schools that do not meet accountability standards

Schools that do not meet standards may be subject to sanctions. 1. First time failure students will get a notice. - Provide a notice to families and communities. - Develop a formal plan. 2. Consistent failure - Stringent school programming. - Closing the school.

Facilitating self directed change & improvement on campus

Self directed change and improvement can help achieve the campus vision. -Provide adequate staff resources. -Provide data. -Develop a culture of self improvement where staff can see weaknesses and take risk ti improve practices.

Helping with adjustments of the vision and goals by self reflection

Self reflection is the process of examining one's self in relation to a desired expectation. -Leaders should give advice, but also have self directed time to change.

Two way communication

Sender -Phone calls -Meetings -Emails -Memorandums -Formal letters or documents Receiver When the leader is receiver be open to getting the feed back. and let them know the massage was heard and understood.

Which of the following is the MOST effective strategy for a principal to communicate the school vision to school personnel?

Sending daily e-mail to staff.

For a school principal to assess the effectiveness of his or her strategies to communicate the school vision, which method would be MOST informative?

Separately ask an educational leader, student, teacher, and parent the vision; see if the answers align.

School vision

Serves as a guide and a foundation for all strategic planning and communicates them purpose and focus of the school to all stake holders.

Regarding school collaboration with key stakeholders to eliminate barriers to learning, which of the following is a valid reason for such collaboration related to mental health services?

Services like clinical psychiatric care are unfeasible and inappropriate in the school.

Indicators of effective teaching

Set clear goals and objectives to accomplished with instruction. -Needs a clear lesson cycle. -Students should be engaged and have retention. -Should have diverse instructional strategies to meet the needs of learners. -Use student performance data.

Leadership is one of the factors identified by research as instrumental in implementing school wide technology adoption. This includes multiple roles for school leaders. Which set of responsibilities is associated with the role of learning organizational leader?

Setting high learning and collaborative standards as conditions for change.

Benefits of collaborative teaching & learning

Share ideas Solve problems Build community Fortifies school culture Build relationships Create support

Overcoming language barriers in communication

Try to be fluent in more than one language. Be proactive in devising communication strategies. 1. Know all languages in school communities. 2. Attempt to find school employees that speak the language. 3. Hire translators. 4. Have various documents printed.

A number of parents and community members with strong opinions about the scheduling changes have been present and vocal at recent board meetings. The superintendent, who is in favor of continuing block scheduling, has asked Mr. Jackson to speak on its behalf at the next board meeting. Which of the following strategies is most likely to help Mr. Jackson build consensus with these parents and community members?

Show data supporting the positive impact block scheduling has had on student achievement in the past year.

Some successful school leaders have obtained public and financial support for their schools by communicating with community service members. Which example of this is most applicable?

Significant improvements for minority students are best shared within the first year.

Homogenous grouping

Similar ability groups.

Situations involving issues of ethics and integrity

Students -grades -retention -promotion -assigning consequences -awards and recognition Parents -fundraising -elections to committees Personnel - reprimands -promotions -pay

Small community models & school within a school model

Students are grouped into cohorts and remain within a small community for their instructions.

Value of facilitating discussions with students

Students can help the school leaders identify areas of the school in need of improvement from the student perspective. Valuable in terms of the school culture. Can help in the creation of rules and policies.

Evaluating the quality of learning on campus

Students learning can be evaluated in a number of ways. -Solicit feedback from students and teachers. - Observes classroom instruction. -Ask for parent feedback. -Then analyze data.

The Council of Chief State School ( CCSSO) has set national Educational Leadership Policy Standard for school leaders to guide school communities in respecting individual worth and dignity. Which of the following is NOT specifically included among these standards?

Students monitoring their own data.

To best ensure that students, families, and community members receive pertinent information about the school, a school leader should..

Supply information in a variety of digital and print formats.

When creating a plan for the safety of students during a tornado, a school leader should include steps for..

Surveying the structural stability of each part of the building in order to isolate any hazardous areas.

Communicating with families and the public

Take advantage of multiple ways of communicating with families and the public. Communicate through 1. Technology 2. Personal phone calls 3. Meetings

Physical resources

Tangible items that organizations use in the conduct of their businesses.

Services provided for students through community resources

Target academic needs - Tutors - Low cost supplies -Free books - Internships -Training programs Physical health needs -Free or low cost immunizations -Free or low cost dental services -Free or low cost medical check ups Psychological needs -Mentoring -Counseling -Therapy

What have researchers found about the roles of school leaders relative to teacher risk taking?

Teachers attribute their success to empowerment by principals who give freedom to take risk.

Which of the following applies to both horizontal and vertical curriculum alignment?

Teaching to minimize achievement gaps through standardizing education.

A group of teachers cooperatively plan the best learning situation for a particular student: discuss the plan with student and have the student sign a written plan. Describes what process?

Team teaching and an individualized education contract.

Under the National Education Associate ( NEA) Code of Ethics, Principle I, Commitment to the Student, educators are enjoined against doing a number of things, including that they:(s)hall not disclose information about students obtained in the course of professional service unless disclosure serves a compelling professional purpose or is required by law. This reflects which of the following federal laws?

The Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act and/ or Individuals with Disabilities Act.

Among tenets of the philosophy of differentiating instruction that are compatible with standards - based instruction, which is described correctly here?

The Zone of Proximal Development enables optimal learning.

Achievement Gaps

The difference in performance between low-income and minority students, students of different genders, and students with different levels of maternal education, compared to that of their peers.

Developing a school safety plan requires that participation of which of the following for the which reason?

The entire community, because school crime data reflect community crime data.

During the investigation of a teacher for possible drug abuse, school district officials search the teacher's desk. Which of the following is the standard required of school districts in this situation?

The existence of reasonable suspicion.

Validity

The extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to.

Role of parental communication in addressing discipline problems

Parent communication is an asset when addressing student discipline problems. - Parents be aware of children's behavior. -Helps to build rapport. - Helps the parents communicate with with teachers. - If no communication it could have negative consequences.

When school leaders have engaged communities and families in school reform initiatives, what have they found about the response of parents, families and community members?

Parents attended more school events and meetings that school trainings.

Which of the following is a primary benefit of teachers using technology such as e-mail, student information systems, and instant messaging to communicate with parents?

Parents can monitor their child's performance and give feedback to teachers.

Other stakeholders

Parents, district personnel , school board members, community members and business partners.

Advocates

People who speak or write in support of something.

Aspects of the school that can demotivate students

Perceived negative aspects can decrease student motivation, causing them to disengage in the school program. If students feel the teacher or school rules are unfair will have low participation in class.

To assess and monitor progress toward school goals, which type(s) of assessment would be MOST indicated for measuring student analytical and critical thinking and communication skills?

Performance assessment journals.

Example of quantitative data

Performance data Student attendance Demographics

A school leader is preparing a school improvement plan. Which TWO of the following are the most valuable data to use for identifying the academic needs of students when setting goals for the plan?

Performance data by grade level and subject. Results of parent questionnaires on school programs.

Effectively monitoring progress

Plaining regular checkpoints, analyzing data and actively engaging in the work. - Measurable check points. -Engaging first hand with teachers.

Communicating the school's discipline policy to students, staff and parents

Police should be communicated to students, staff and parents. Student should understand the behavioral expectations. Clearly communicate policy. - Can be done with handbook. -Can be done verbally.

Student behavior management and student success

Poor behavior can affect students learning in the classroom. Sometimes students need to be removed. Other times students may need an in class break.

Using restorative justice in schools

Practice in which students who have harmed their school community or an individual through their misbehavior are required to repair the harm. 1. Facilitate a conversation regarding behavior. 2. Decided the consequences- traditional or more holistic. 3. Can vary student to student.

Differentiated instruction

Practice of individualizing instructional methods, and possibly also individualizing specific content and instructional goals, to align with each student's existing knowledge, skills, and needs. -Process = provides different modes of instruction. -Content= provide different to students. -Product= provide different ways for students to demonstrate mastery of the content.

Among responsibilities of the school leader related to the emergency plan are to conduct emergency response drills, evaluate staff responses and revise the plan based on the results. These activities apply to which phase of emergency management?

Preparedness

Importance of the school leaders participation in professional development

Principal should participate in professional development for his or her own growth and development. Leaders should try to participate in development with staff to learn. Leaders can demonstrate the importance of training when participating.

Responsible

Principals are still ________________________ for the decision making.

Regarding strategies that principals can use to give teachers effective feedback, which is true?

Principals convey criticism best following strengths and be requesting solutions.

Calibration among staff evaluators

Process of calibration is the training of all evaluators to maintain and look for the same standards of performance. Team of evaluators should observe a staff person together at the same time. Help ensure that the evaluations are aligned or misaligned.

Need for two way communication

Process of sending and receiving message. Person who receives a message has an opportunity to respond or send a message back to the sender. Help to confirm the stakeholders understanding. Provides involvement and engagement to help foster relationships.

Which of the following is the primary benefit of a school leader using an inclusive process when developing or updating the school vision?

Promoting the investment of stakeholders in achieving and sustaining positive outcomes for students.

Ensuring two way communication

Provide opportunities for stakeholders to communicate leaders. Make themselves accessible to those seeking communicate with them. Have certain hours for open door policy. Send out surveys with comments and feedback available. Be open to emails. Demonstrate receptiveness.

Shared decision- making committee

SDMC in schools to provide a structured process for the inclusion of stakeholders in the school decision making process. Committee should be meet regularly and discusses key decisions that the school leader will make.

Which of the following things can school leaders do to give teachers a safe environment for expressing their ideas?

Scheduling regular, brief meeting times for original ideas.

Which TWO of the following actions by an educational leader best support teachers' active participation in the planning of professional learning?

Scheduling time for teachers to identify professional learning needs based on student data. Including teachers in debriefing sessions following professional learning sessions.

Student performance

School accountability describes how students perform on state mandated assessments. - Evaluated in each core content area. - Can vary base on grade level and change from federal or state legislature. - Student school performance is evaluated for particular subgroups.

What is MOST true about how school district personnel and school leaders plan school budget?

School budgets omit necessary and costly expenses for transportation.

Which best reflects research findings about factors influencing school achievement gaps?

School curriculum and resources correlate with student achievement more strongly than socioeconomic status (SES).

Applying discipline policy in a fair and equitable manner

Unfair discipline can lead to increased misbehavior from students who receive the discipline at a higher rate of others. Be sure to be consistent and enforce the rules.

Observing staff performance

Use as many opportunities to observe staff performance. See in different environments: classroom, professional communities, duties. Find deliberate times to to see co workers.

Formal communication

Use formal communication when having status meetings; when communicating with stakeholders and project team members outside of the status meetings (more open and friendly). - Printed

Addressing identified strengths on campus

Use positive reinforcements to praise. Use strengths as leverage for making improvements. Increase confidence in members.

The most effective way to approve requests individuals teachers to attend professional development activities.

Use prioritizing requests that were developed by a committee of teacher representatives.

Using school accountability measures to identify strength & weaknesses

Use standardized and the state federal provide assessments - Helps to areas of strengths and weakness. -The information can use to update curriculum. -Critical means of determining a school's strengths and weakness.

A school district is planning ways to inform parents and the community about important information related to construction of the districts new elementary school . The best way to tell the information is ..

Use the local media outlets to provide updates on the construction and dates of meetings that are open to the public.

Using data to support differentiated instructions

Used to identify needs in areas of academic performance. - Historical student performance data - Formative and summative assessments -Can give an insight on what courses to offer.

Which of the following is the best way for a school leader to support two-way communication with parents and stakeholders about school programs and activities?

Using district-supported social media tools.

A middle school principal works with language arts teachers to ensure that students can analyze different interpretations of a literary work. Which of the following activities best achieves the goal?

Using multiple resources to compare and contrast a text.

Which of these is recommended for school leaders to plan classroom visits effectively for giving teachers useful observational feedback?

Using statistics to give individual teacher feedback.

Which of the following is a best practice when using the Leader Assessment on Performance Standards (LAPS) process to evaluate a leader?

Using the totality of evidence and consistency of practice to rate the leader.

When a principal receives a note from a parent about their student getting a particular teacher. The principal should...

Utilize the parent requests as one of the many factors considered in student placement.

In a school's Acceptable Use Policy ( AUP) for classroom internet technology, which section is MOST likely to cross- reference or even duplicate the general school disciplinary code?

Violations and sanctions

Helping goal implementation with a shared vision

Vision can be shared in two ways. -Leaders can solicit the opinions and feedback of stakeholders so that a variety of perspective, opinions and beliefs. -Leaders communicates the vision the rationale for the vision and the plans for implementation because of buy- in from stakeholders.

Making reports to child protective services

When a leader or a teacher suspects neglect or abuse it is their responsibility to call and submit a formal report.

Respectful

When creating a vision and reaching decisions a leader must be _________________ of all input and must acknowledge opinions and perspectives.

Disenfranchised

When development of visions leaders should look for __________________ students present or past to correct with new goals.

Resources

When leaders set goals they need to identify necessary __________ for achieving them.

Bullying

When one uses strength or other means of influence to intimidate another person. Can be verbal , social or physical.

Integrity

(n.) Honesty, high moral standards; an unimpaired condition, completeness, soundness. Demonstrate by behaving in a trustworthy manner. Behave ethically in regard to all aspects of positions. Implement systems and procedures to ensure that the rights and confidentiality of students and staff are maintained at all times.

Helping staff and students deal with grief on campus

1. Acknowledge the loss. 2. Have a grief counselor. 3. Demonstrate understanding and compassion. 4. Listen to the needs of the students and staff.

Indicators that students may need counseling and health referrals

1. Act out. 2. Display negative behaviors. 3. Withdrawn and disengaged in class. 4. Demonstrate emotional responses. 5. Partner communication.

Behavior management and discipline strategies to use to manage student behavior

1. Active supervision 2. Anticipate behavior 3. Have activities ready 4. Clear expectations 5. Clear consequences 6. Build relationships

Being proactive in promoting the wellness of staff and students

1. Addressing the issues before they happen. 2. Actively look for ways to maintain wellness.

Potential opportunities to serve as an advocate for students

1. Advocacy is important especially for low socioeconomic status, minority status, immigrant status or different sexual orientation. 2. Leaders need to call out for change. 3. Create opportunities on campus or school district.

Role of procedures in emergency situations

1. All procedures should be taught to staff. 2. Be written in multiple forms.

Seeking additional resources for accomplishing goals

1. Allocate funds plans. 2. Plan for shortfalls. 3. Seek resources out side of school.

Responding to negative feedback

1. Avoid immediate emotional response. 2. Determine the validity. 3. Reflect on processes. 4. Make improvements. 5. Seek feedback afterwards.

Areas of organizational systems not directly related to classroom instruction

1. Cafeteria 2. Behavior management and disciple. 3.Extracurriculum programs 4. Counseling

Role of technology on campus

1. Cameras for schools safety. 2. Intercom systems 3.Use to communicate 4. Can be use for instructional routine

Consequences of unethical behavior

1. Can vary. 2. Minor - Written up -Verbal reprimand -Formal consequence 3.Major -Legal consequences -Fines, probations

Maintaining an emotionally safe environment for staff

1. Communicate. 2. Have a caring and empathetic demeanor. 3. Open lines of communication. 4. Have avenues of emotional support. 5. Be aware of endanger emotional safety.

Considerations for long term improvement of a school's organizational system

1. Consider alignment to vision, goals availability, allocation of resources and spatial designs. 2. Always support the schools visions. 3. Reflect the changing needs of the students and community that the school serves. 4. Determine the allocation for funds. 5. Finally make sure the physical space is enough.

Consideration for short term improvement of the school's organizational system.

1. Consider functionality, training and resources. 2. Does not disrupt the flow of students and staff. 3. Give teachers the proper training. 4. Have the proper resources.

Motivating students

1. Create a system of rewards. - Points or merit system. 2. Should be fair, clear and consistent with clear expectations.

Ensuring equitable treatment of students and staff

1. Develop policies and procedures and adhere to them. 2. Use discretion. 3. Be sure to develop a guiding policy when incidents occur.

Common disciplinary problems

1. Disengagement 2. Disruptive 3. Attendance

Building relationships with various community organizations

1. Effective communication and active participation in community events. 2. Communicate to community leaders to become partners. 3. Actively participate in community events.

Importance of gathering feedback

1. Ensure leadership is on the correct path. 2. Be humble when receiving it. 3. Can increase buy-in from stakeholders.

Advocating for all children

1. Ensure that the academic and extracurricular programming is accessible to all children and reflective of the needs of all children on campus. 2. Ensure that all special programming is properly funded and implemented. 3. Use authority to influences policy and promote social justice in the school.

Determining the best organizational system for a school

1. Examine the school vision and goals. 2. Support school visions and facilitate achievement. 3. Provide socio- emotional support to student. 4. Analyze school culture and identify the appropriate organizational system.

Communicating expectations to staff and students

1. Expectations should be written and shared in employee and student handbook ( codes of conduct). 2. Be made available online. 3. Provide acknowledgement via signature. 4. Reinforced in announcements, meetings, and individual conversations.

Importance of fairness and equity in applying student behavior management principles

1. Fairness - Communicate expectations prior to applying discipline. - Adhere to clear expectations. -Be consistent with warning and consequences. -Practice equity.

Role that local , state and federal laws and policies play in maintaining a safe environment.

1. Federal laws - Ada compliance - Internet safety -Asbestos management 2. School district - Police officers - Campus visitor policies - Volunteer policies 3. Laws and policies - Fire codes - Occupation limits - Building safety All should enhance safety.

Physically safe environment

1. Free from seen and unseen dangers that would pose a threat to the physical safety of anyone exposed to the environment. 2. Environment should be in good repair, accessible to all and accommodating in its design. 3. Well controlled people. 4. Adhere to capacity limitations and monitor the conduct of those present in the environment.

Indicators that staff many need counseling and health referral

1. Frequently absent. 2. Overly emotional responses. 3. Changes in behavior.

Monitoring the physical plant for safety and compliance

1. Have a plant operator. 2. Meet with plant operator regularly to address any concerns. 3. Have regular walk throughs. 4. Take feedback from repairs and maintenance. 5. Report findings.

Key emergency support personnel inside and outside the school

1. Have key support identified 2. Know their roles 3. May need outside support

Ensuring the school physical plant, equipment and support system operate safety efficiently and effectively

1. Identify the appropriate staff to manage that physical plan. 2.Provide the plant manager with competent staff. 3. Develop systems of monitoring and inspection to ensure that all aspects of the plants are running efficiently. 4. Solicit feedback from other staff members.

Situations in which student confidentiality must be breached

1. If student confide that they are being harmed, harmed others or have harmed themselves then that information has to be shared with proper authorities.

Importance of communicating expectations to staff and students

1. Increase the chance expectations are met. 2. Communicate before behaviors happen. 3. Demonstrate as well.

Potential community based resources

1. Local churches 2. Local community programs 3. Be aware of all programs that can help

Promoting counseling and wellness

1. Making counseling and wellness programs. 2. Communicate availability of these resources. 3. Make an integral part of the campus team. 4. Mental health and wellness fairs.

Intrinsic Motivation

1. Motivation from within 2. Education and career goals being accomplished.

Maintaining student confidentiality

1. Must keep things confident according to Family Educational Rights & Privacy Act ( FERPA). 2. When advocating for students school leaders may be informed of student info by other staff members, parents, or students and should be kept confidential. 3. Students must be able to trust leaders.

Elements of transparent decision making process

1. Notify stakeholders in advance of the decision to be made. 2. Stakeholders should have access to the information. 3. Be notified and given a chance to meet. 4. Votes should be shared and documented. 5. Be ready to share rationale.

Steps to take when ethics have been breached

1. Notifying district personnel. 2. Initiating investigation. 3. Conferencing with offending employee. 4. Drafting a formal note of reprimand. Contact outside sources if needed. Documentation!

Extrinsic Motivation

1. Outside Source - Tangible 2. Use when student are lacking in intrinsic motivation.

Emotionally safe environment

1. Preventative strategies and quick resolutions. 2. Have comfortable participation in the learning environment and interacting with one another. 3. Procedures and systems. Emphasis on communicating . Physical arrangement of environment.

Community stakeholders

1. Provide data 2. Protect confidentially. 3. Selective data and be ready to explain the data. 4. Be purposeful , clear and specific.

Staff

1. Provide data to staff. 2. Support conversations explaining the data. 3. Protect confidentiality.

Ensuring that others are acting ethically

1. Provide staff with documents and training that explain expectations. 2. Have formal communication of acceptance. 3. Monitor behavior. 4. Implement consequences for unethical behavior.

Addressing weakness revealed through self reflection

1. Read books, articles and other resources. 2. Go to professional development. 3. Seek assistance from other supervisors or district staff. 4. Ask for a mentor or coach outside the organization.

Recruitment strategies

1. Recruitment fairs 2. Contact teacher preparation programs 3. Traditional recruitment sites 4. Word of mouth

Factors to consider when allocating funds

1. Refer to the school's vision. 2. Align with goals. 3. Think of recurring or one- time funds. 4. Evaluate the school program and organizational structure.

Key staff that can promote the welfare of staff and students

1. School leader 2. Leadership team

When a situation presents a conflict of interest

1. School leader can obtain personal gain or harm from a decision made as a leader. 2. Alert superiors if a situation arises.

Determining the appropriateness/ efficacy of system for protecting and advocating for students

1. School leader should have systems in place for the protection and advocacy of students. 2. Student culture of safety. -Free engagement in academic programs, social activities, and extra curricular activities. 3. Adequate voice. -Be able to contribute ideas. 4. Support students in a crisis. 5. Recheck program for effectiveness.

Effect of leader's self reflection on the leadership team

1. Set an example. 2. Shows ability to make adjustments. 3. Can shift roles and responsibilities.

Conducting honest self reflection

1. Set aside time to reflect on personal performance as a leader. 2. Can use a pre made tool for leadership evaluation. 3. Determine areas of improvement. 4. Listen

Gathering feedback

1. Stakeholders 2. Leadership team 3. Supervising district personnel 4. Students/ parents/ community members

Role of student behavior in maintaining a safe environment

1. Supervise students. 2. Accounted for at all times. 3. Negative behavior should be addressed quickly.

Role of disciplinary alternative programs

1. Suspensions -Last one to three days. -Could be longer period if necessary. 2. Alternative education programs - Students assigned to attend program for a certain numbers of days, usually for no long than a school year. 3. Juvenile justice department - If matters get more serious.

Maintaining a physically safe environment for students

1. Take proactive steps to maintain a physically safe environment. 2. Conduct regular inspection and maintenance. 3.Monitor flow of traffic. 4. Monitor common and shared spaces.

Responding to positive feedback

1. Used as a reflection and improvising tool. 2. Determine the validity of feedback. ( DO NOT BE COME OVER CONFIDENT IN SKILLS) 3. Share with other staff. 4. Use to better skills.

Including other team member in the recruitment process

1st Reduces the potential for demonstrating bias. 2nd Provide a well rounded view of each candidate. 3rd Selecting their future.

Addressing ineffective teaching

1st identify the ineffective teaching. 2nd communicate to the teacher which aspects of the instruction are ineffective. -Communicate areas of improvement to avoid discouraging the teacher and to focus the teacher's growth. 3rd provide the resources and support to improve the ineffective teaching. 4th monitor instruction and provide additional support as needed.

Goals

A schools vision will help to guide creation of _______ that lead to the development of the culture.

Milestone

A significant point or event in a project, program, or portfolio.

Authoritarian leadership

A style of leadership in which the leader tells the employees what needs to be done and how to perform it without getting their advice or ideas.

Guide

A well constructed plan serves as a _____________ for how goals should be accomplished.

Types of schools organizational systems

Departmental model Integrative model Project based learning models Small community models School within a school models Academy models

Framework

A basic set of ideas used to develop a larger plan.

State law

A bill that has been passed by the State House and Senate and approved by the governor. Supplement and complement the federal law.

Memorandum of understanding

A contract between two parties, outlining the details of an agreement in which no money is exchanged. An agreement of services to be provided.

According to Georgia law, a local board of education may refuse enrollment to a student if...

A disciplinary order from the previous school is active.

Importance of resources for effective instruction

A leader must ensure that the appropriate resources are provided to instructional staff in order to support effective instruction. Lack of resources can make it very difficult.

Supporting instruction through appropriate human resources

A leader must ensure that the right number of people with the appropriate skills and qualifications are placed in appropriate instructional positions. May need additional staffing or staffing changes. Help get feedback from staff.

Servant Leader

A leader who has a strong desire to serve and work for the benefit of others. Leaders empower others. Participates in the team with teachers. Provide teachers with tools to succeed.

Aligned goals

A process where by the organization's strategic goals cascade down through the varied layers so the employees work together in pursuit of common ends.

Bond Referendum

A proposal borrow funds tong term major capital improvement. - Allows bonds to be spread over time. - Bond must be approved by the voters. -Can be used for construction , renovation and updates to school facilities. - It can also aid in relocation fee.

Impact students

A school goals should ______________________.

Ensuring rigor in the instructional program

A school leader must ensure that all students have access to a rigorous instructional program. 1st evaluation the curriculum for alignment state standards. 2nd determine curriculum be taught in rigorous manner. - Encourage instructional strategies. 3rd Must ensure assessment of instruction is rigorous.

Staff

A school leader should hire and train ________ in a way that supports a culture of learning. n

Evaluating the quality of teaching on campus

A school leader should spend time in the classrooms to observe teaching in action. - School leader can then help strengthen teaching practices. - Then use student data to analyze data.

Academy model

A school may group students and classes based on college or career pathways.

Factors that affect a school's budget each year

A school's budget is not fixed but can vary from year to year. One time funding that can not be expected subsequent years. Change allocations for specific programs. Local property taxes. Budgetary allocations.

The American Associate of School Administration ( AASA) Code of Ethics and the National Association of Secondary School Principals ( NASSP) recommendations for a code of ethical conduct for school leaders share many items in common. Which of the following standards does the AASA include in the NASSP recommendations do not?

Accepting responsibility and accountability for their actions and committing to serve others over self.

Plan needs to have

Action steps, persons responsible, milestones, evidence of implementation by a certain time.

Ethical codes

Address areas such as general conduct, conduct towards colleague, conduct toward students.

Work Out

Addressing the problems as they occur and modifying approaches as needed.

What best describes knowledge of instructional practices that school leaders must have?

Knowing the time effective planning takes according to the levels of content.

Campus roles that can help accomplish the vision

Administrative team is essential in accomplishing the vision because of projects and assigned can be completed by them. School counselors can help by supporting the psychosocial needs of students so that they can be their best. Teachers can help by leading , encouraging and supporting their fellow teachers.

Buy-in

Agreement on a course of action.

Zero tolerance

Consequences associated with particular behavioral infractions are administered without regard to the individual offender, context, or other variable within the situation.

Observing staff in a variety of scenarios at different times

Class dynamics may vary throughout the day. It is important to see teachers every various classes.

School goal

Clearly demonstrate that be accomplishing the goal, the campus will be closer to realizing its vision.

Role social media plays in student wellness and mental health

Large influence on students' wellness and mental health. Students can experience negative emotions. - Self esteem -Inadequacy Cyberbullying and physical are both possible.

Impact of school culture on teacher recruitment

Determined by leader and the staff of the campus. Positive - Focused on students - Driven by excellence - Teachers that want to be apart Negative - Poor attitudes -Teachers and staff unwilling to work

Using planning time to support effective instruction

Determined when the master class schedule is designed for the campus. Encourage teachers to use this time to support effective instruction. Used to examine resources and determine how to incorporate them. Also use this time to collaborate.

Measurable

Able to be measured, quantifiable.

A new principal in a suburban school district with six elementary schools has been asked to support the continuing implementation of a non-traditional math program at the school. The program was implemented district wide three years ago amid considerable concern from parents and staff. Frequent evaluation of the program has shown that students' conceptual understanding is exceptional, but their computation performance varies from year to year and consistently falls below their conceptual understanding. While significant concerns still linger among parents and staff, parent satisfaction has increased by 20 percent in the last year and dissatisfaction has declined by one-third. The site evaluation team has established several recommendations, including improving communication with parents and providing professional development for teachers. Identify at least THREE steps the principal can take to gain further support for the program and decrease the dissatisfaction level. For EACH step, explain why it is necessary.

As the new principal, there are several steps that I would take to gain further support and decrease the level of dissatisfaction with the new math program. First, I would establish monthly math nights. These events would allow parents to attend with their children and participate together in a lesson presented by the teacher. The parents would get a better understanding of the math program and learn how they can help their children at home. Second, I would also establish a math homework hotline. This hotline would be staffed by teachers each evening and would be a resource for both students and parents to call with questions and assistance. Besides helping with a particular assignment, this would also be a great way to lessen parents' frustrations with the new program and, as a result, decrease their dissatisfaction. Third, I would survey staff to see whether they need additional professional development. After the survey results are analyzed, there are many types of professional development that I would use, such as assigning mentors, attending conferences, bringing in outside resources, and visiting nearby schools that have successfully implemented the same math program. Finally, I would require teachers to increase communication with parents. This could be done by having the teacher write a newsletter called a math gram to parents at the beginning of each new unit. The newsletter would explain the concepts of the new unit and give parents ideas about how to do fun math things at home.

A new assistant principal has been hired. How can they be trained without causing the principal to get behind on work?

Ask another districts assistant principal to be a mentor showing duties, support and guidance.

To communicate information to prospective community partners about resources they have and those they need, which approach that school leaders have found effective for motivating community leader engagement is MOST based on evoking intellectually and emotionally meaningful connections?

Ask how education experiences shaped who they are now.

The best way to engage key stakeholders in fulfilling the school's vision and mission is by..

Asking key stakeholders to assess the effectiveness of the current vision and mission regularly.

Summative Assessment

Assessment data collected after instruction to evaluate a student's mastery of the curriculum objectives and a teacher's effectiveness at instructional delivery. -Testing mastery. -Usually occurs at the end of an instructional unit or a designated period of time. -Instructional planning is necessary and can be used to set goals.

Formative Assessment

Assessment used throughout teaching of a lesson and/or unit to gauge students' understanding and inform and guide teaching. -Useful for feedback. -Identify areas of reteaching. -Can occur before and after learning a topic.

Example of student outcomes

Attendance Academic performance

To gather feed back from key stakeholders about the relationship between their opinions about the significance of education and the school's vision and goals, which of these should a school leader do?

Develop a series of critical questions appropriate to this topic.

School leaders can organize teachers into data inquiry teams to identify and address student academic needs. What accurately describes something school leaders should direct these teams to do?

Develop action plans according to data analyses.

Hierarchical communication

Communicating up and down the chain of command. Leaders communicate to superiors = distract staff or superintendent. Leaders communicate down by communicating with faculty and staff. Can take form in many ways specific requests, emails, meetings.

Informal communication

Communication that is not defined by the organization's structural hierarchy. - impromptu - group message or unexpected phone call.

Stage 1: Identify desired results. Stage 2: Determine acceptable evidence of learning. Stage 3: Design learning experiences and instruction. The three stages of planning listed above are most closely associated with which of the following approaches to curriculum design?

Backward planning.

Precautions when speaking informally with stakeholders

Be aware of informal conversations with negative people that do not have the best interest of the school. Also be careful with sarcasm when speaking with parents.

Determining what equipment to acquire and when

Be aware of the life expectancy of various equipment. Keep a schedule of planed maintenance, repair, and replacement cycles. Decided which equipment is mandatory or optional. Review finances before and after purchases.

Impact of having temporary staff on the instructional program

Be aware that not temporary teachers are not always highly qualified. Some may not have training and experience that permanent staff do. The instruction may be reduced which could cause more for monitoring and support in the classroom.

Recruiting teachers and other staff members

Be strategic in recruiting new teachers and staff members. 1st check for school culture. 2nd Aid in implementing the school vision and goals.

Best practices for communicating through email

Be sure that email is written in the way it is intended to be understood. Keep emails in a professional tone. Be careful to not do the reply all. Be aware of attachments.

What can help a leader do to get respect from staff?

Being authentic with all interactions.

Benefits of involving families in decision making

Beneficial to all parties Increases family buy in. Increase student participation in after school activities. Can help leaders make better decisions.

The institute for Educational Leadership defines some fundamental rules of engagement for developing and maintaining school community partnership using the mnemonic: Find out, Reach out, Spell out, Work out and Build out. For example find out refers to discovering each other's needs and interests. Which of the others refers to sharing success and supporting greater endeavors?

Build Out

Supporting teachers' growth with coaching

Build a relationship of trust. Be able to identify strengths and weaknesses. Provide one on one support. Model effective teaching and observe to give real time feedback. Assist and guide teacher in self reflection. Provide individualized targeted support.

Build Out

Building upon successful initiatives by sharing the results and supporting extended endeavors.

The Leader Keys Effectiveness System (LKES) is designed for use with...

Building-level administrators.

Researches have identified which of the following practices that successful education leaders recommend to advocate for educational excellence and equity?

Develop collaborative approaches across systems.

A school leader surveys key stakeholder regarding the school vision and goals to learn what they believe about the purpose of education. Which set of stakeholders groups is the leader LEAST likely to survey about this particular topic?

Community business owners, business workers.

Which of the following is the best initial action for a school leader to take when building a partnership with a community group?

Developing a shared vision to support student success.

In order to address low parent interaction a lead should...

Conduct a parent survey to see the parents point of view.

According to the Georgia Code of Ethics for Educators, verbally abusing any student is a violation of which of the following standards?

Conduct with students.

Timely communication

Calendar of events should be outlined in advanced. Share during various periods. Provide advanced notice to staff and families if necessary.

Educational research into collaborative data analysis has identified four areas. Which of these areas involve the process of exploring learning standards, goals and definitions?

Caliration

Purpose and focus

Can be found in the school's vision

Evidence of culture of high expectations on school campuses

Can be seen in campus appearance. Can be seen in instructions used in the classroom. Can be seen how students and staff speak to each other. Can be seen in the scores of performances.

Value of facilitating discussion with teachers

Can help the school leader identify area of school in need of improvement from their perspective. Often aware of needed areas of improvement that the school leaders can not seen. Can help gather information about data.

Addressing the achievement gap- Goal Setting

Can help to address the achievement gap because it focuses attention on the groups of students who need extra support and helps to target resources in those areas. Specific attention needs to be on the areas of weakness. Determination is needed to accomplish goals.

Ineffectiveness of non-measurable goals

Can not always convey how to achieve the goal. Have clarity of goals and to help develop strategies to reach goals.

Effect of leader's self reflection on stakeholders

Can show how he/she is perceived and relationship with stakeholders. Show responsiveness to feedback.

Improving teaching already deemed effective

Can still be effective but need some areas of improvement. - Increase culture of expectation. - Commit to improving all instruction. - Always be ready to improvement.

Communicating progress with students

Can use data trackers. Speak with students individually. Set class room goals.

An administrative of a low performing school is hiring new teachers. What should they be looking for?

Candidates with successful background and qualifications to teach the students with needs.

Centralized budgeting and decentralized budgeting

Centralized school district all budgetary decision making is conducted by district leaders within the district office. - Budgeting decisions are controlled and quality and efficiency can be easily monitored. -Can prevent staff buy-in and cause school leaders to feel they do not have authority. Decentralized district principals have authority to make budgetary and purchasing decision. - Determine which resources meet the needs of each individual campus and gives them the latitude and flexibility. - Can be more difficult to monitor.

Rigor

Challenging curriculum and instruction. Challenges students academically, intellectually and personally. -Needs to have soft skills. -Should be real world. -Make connections across content areas.

Which of these can school leaders appropriately do to prevent or eliminate racism and ensure cultural equality in their schools?

Change school board policies and school board member composition.

Transactional leadership style

Characteristic of leaders who focus on supervision and organizational goals achieved through a system of rewards and punishments; maintenance of the organizational status quo.

Which of the following MOST accurately represents expert recommendations for school leaders to promote educational equity by influencing curriculum interpretation?

Clarifying misconceptions about equity like deficit theories.

Advance placement courses

Contain the content of college level courses and are taught with college level rigor by teachers who meet certain qualifications. Usually core courses: reading, math, science or social studies. In order to receive credit for college have to take an exam at the end of the course . Can participate in dual classes.

Time bound

Containing a date when a goal will be reached.

Monitoring curricular programs to ensure that they meet content standards

Content standards are determined by the state and are the basis for the design of state testing. - Be mindful of how students take exams and the classes offered.

To play an effective role in supporting the teacher-induction process, an educational leader at the school level should...

Coordinate the selection and assignment of mentor teachers.

A new school leader reviews district policies and procedures related to crisis and emergency management. The most appropriate next step in crisis-management leadership is to..

Create a school crisis team and develop a tailored crisis plan that includes a clear chain of command.

Preventing teen suicide

Create a school culture in which the student feels comfortable turning to teachers and staff for support. School should have counseling staff and resources available for students who are experiencing emotional issues. Report behavior.

Researches for state education departments report that school leaders they surveyed found which of the following to be their important role?

Create a supportive environment for teaching and learning.

A high school principal meets with the school improvement council to review progress toward achieving campus goals. During the data session, the team identifies an upward trend in the percentage of students who drop out of school. Which of the following is the most effective first step for the council to take to address the situation?

Diagnosing the reasons for the change observed in order to develop a specific plan to address the issue.

Departmental model

Different subject or content areas are separated and distinct. Each subject area department have leaders or chairs who report to administration.

Student growth

Has become the focus in a school accountability. In the past student performance was school sole focus. Now schools are focusing on student growth which helps educators serve all students. Accountability standards incorporate measure of student growth in addition to measuring student performance.

Lax approach

Discipline is often determined on an individuals basis reflective of the circumstances and individuals involved.

Integrative model

Disciplines are combined or grouped together such as in the pairing of math and science classes or English and history classes.

Individualized disciplinary strategies

Has set disciplinary policies that offer more flexibility in disciplinary options for relatively minor offenses and more defined options for more severe offenses.

Quantitative data

Data associated with mathematical models and statistical techniques used to analyze spatial location and association.

Using data to support transparent decisions

Data is objective which makes it less refutable. Data is shared and may include financial data, student performance, or data related to school demographics. Be careful being basis when sharing data.

Addressing the achievement gap- Data Monitoring

Data monitoring can be used to address the achievement gap because it can help to identify areas of the school program where the gap exists and to monitor changes in achievement gaps. -Check reading and math areas first. - Each ethnicity has different areas of strengths and weaknesses.

Recording data collection , recording and submission for monitoring student progress and relating it to state assessments, which school leader responsibility to help faculty is MOST accurately described?

Deciding how often, and to whom, teachers submit data.

In seeking community support and additional resources, how do effective school leaders communicate with prospective partners?

Define how school leaders needs and stakeholders wants coincide.

Spell Out

Defining the purpose and terms of a partnership including each individuals duties and deadlines.

Shared leadership

Delegation of authority and responsibility to other team members.

Impact of time management on instruction

Delivered according to a strict schedule. Allot aspects for instructional program. Managing time is important.

Transparent Decision Making

Focuses on ensuring the public is aware of and can access information explaining how, why, when or what decisions were made. 1.Be clear and open with others. 2. Critical information should be available and ready for others to see. 3. Be understandable and easy to follow process.

Overcoming budgetary challenges when providing instructional resources to teachers

Funding from outside the school. Grants. Donations. Fundraisers.

Consensus

General agreement among various groups on fundamental matters; broad agreement on public questions.

Example family support

Giving families books to read at home.

Culture of learning

Goal of a school leader is to create a ______________ on campus.

Systematically reviewing & revising goals

Goals are not concrete and should be revises periodically. -Leaders need to use current data. - Track for unexpected barriers.

Quantified

Goals can be measured.

Characteristics and outcomes

Goals must be aligned with _____________ of a culture of learning to ensure that the available resources, such as staff, funds and times are used to develop and maintain culture.

Effectively monitoring goal progress

Goals should be broken down into small milestones. Must be reviewed in regular intervals. Check points should be aligned with grading periods.

Unaligned goals

Goals that do not directly tie in with schools vision, but will benefit the masses.

Among classroom assessment principles that school leaders must know for effective collaboration with teachers, which choice is MOST representative?

Good assessment is valid, reliable, ethical, and fair.

Patterns & trends

Good for looking at data over a period of time; looking at trends (percent increase/decrease) and at consistency.

Measure of the effects of school community engagement strategies include changes in the behaviors and attitudes of parents, families, community members , and students. What represents some of these impacts on students?

Greater school achievement and fewer school behavior problems.

School leaders and schools realize benefits from engaging community partners. Which of the following such benefits contributes MOST to successful student interactions in wider world beyond their immediate community?

Greater social capital through relationships.

Flexible grouping

Grouping students according to shared instructional needs and abilities and regrouping as their instructional needs change. Group size and allocated instructional time may vary among groups.

School leaders are finding that communicating with the media helps them engage the public in education. Research find this public engagement reinforces community pride. What else do they find it does?

It increases service to the school and community.

Relationship between rigor & differentiated instruction

It is challenging, but not impossible. -Teachers have to provide appropriate instruction for students. -Can be done in groups.

Communicating progress with staff

It is important to communicate with staff about progress toward goals to maintain or increase momentum. -Normal changes --Employees --Emails --Newsletter --Staff meeting -Publicize the goals --Public announcements --Posters --Charts in hallway --Meeting rooms --Special charts & graphs

Development of the school vision

It is important to involve stakeholders in the ___________________________ to incorporate a variety of perspectives.

What is the advantage of the walk through method to appraise how effectively a school is functioning.

It provided a holistic observation of the school experience.

The National Association of Secondary School Principals ( NASSP) recommendations for ethical behaviors by school leaders include the following: Fulfilling their professional duties honestly and with integrity Obeying all the federal, state, and local laws and regulations Basing all decisions on the value of student success and well being Acting to change laws, policies and regulations against education goals Implementing the local board of education regulations and policies. Which combination of these could MOST present a conflict for a school leader in some instances?

Obeying all the federal, state, and local laws and regulations. Acting to change laws, policies and regulations against education goals. Implementing the local board of education regulations and policies.

Barriers

Obstacles that interfere with the understanding of a message.

In response to the concern shared by some faculty members regarding the length of class periods and the attention span of students, Mr. Jackson should first...

Offer faculty members professional development on instructional approaches that engage learners.

Reach Out

Offering prospective community partners by offering them specific help in their own territories.

Ms. Jazmine, a new school leader, sets a goal to establish strong collaboration with faculty and staff during her first year. A few weeks into the school year, she learns that on two different occasions, a teacher has encouraged other teachers to undermine her efforts to implement a new district-wide teacher evaluation process. Which of the following is the school leader's best initial action for addressing the situation?

Offering the teacher an opportunity to express an opinion about the new evaluation process directly to her.

The U.S. Departments of Homeland Security has adopted the National Incident Management System ( NIMS) for all federal, state, and local government agencies in emergency response. This system includes the Incident Command System ( ICS). School district and building emergency response teams are organized based on ICS management functions. Which of these functions develops incident response objectives?

Operations

Improving staff performance

Opportunity for feedback and growth. Note strengths and weaknesses. Provide suggestions for the instances. Build on areas of strengths.

Professional learning communities

PLCs

Importance of facilitating two-way communication

Provides stakeholders with the opportunity to convey to the leader why goals may or may not be achieved. It is a time to receive feedback. Can revel barriers to achieving goals. Help refining or revising goals.

Value of partnering with community recreational centers

Provides students and families with resources they may not normally have access to or take advantage. Help expand the school programs.

A major factor in the reason new teachers are leaving the profession is the lack of administrative support. What can be done by a leader to address the factor?

Providing encouragement, frequent feedback and opportunities for growth.

A school population has become increasingly diverse during the last two years . Many faculty members feel that the changing population is less capable academically. Which steps should the principal take to help address the staff feelings.

Providing opportunities for teachers to identify their bas and their biases and learn to embrace student differences.

Benefits of community partnerships

Providing resources to students and their families with little to no cost. Establishing community partnerships creates sustainability and stability. Can grow more support and resources to accomplish the vision and goals.

Which of the following best creates conditions for effective data use in schools to facilitate sustainable school improvement results?

Providing teachers explicit norms and expectations for data use.

Which category of mental health obstacles to student learning and achievement includes the LEAST proportion of factors that can arise in and be addressed in schools?

Psychological disorders

What has research by state education departments found about public perceptions of school leader's roles?

Public believes school leaders most improve schools by recruiting and retaining superior teachers.

Communicate laws & policies

Public must be made aware of changes happening in the school.

Selecting professional development for staff memebers

Purposeful in helping staff achieve the campus goals and visions. Create development that aligns with campus vision and goals. Identify weak areas of staff based observations and evaluations. Be mandated by the district or the state.

Which TWO of the following are the best methods an educational leader can use to ensure that the appointment of a new social studies chairperson is fair and ethical?

Reviewing professional credentials and evaluations for each interested candidate. Asking the social studies faculty to recommend candidates for the position.

How campus goals can support rigorous instruction

Rigorous instruction is challenging yet feasible for students. -Motivating instructional staff to have high expectations for teaching and learning. -Utilize rigorous instruction. -Set goals for low achieving areas.

Which teaching techniques or methods are generally considered to have the most direct impact affective feelings

Role play and simulation.

A school leader has been hired as the new principal of a public elementary school. State standardized test scores in ELG across all fourth grade classes in this school have steadily decline over the past several years. Scores in reading, listening and speaking have all declined and scores in writing started out the lowest and have dropped the most since. The new principal and all fourth grade teachers are meeting to study samples of student compositions and discuss how to improve writing achievement. The teachers have each brought writing samples from their students to the meeting. The principal should advise them to take which of these steps first toward instructional improvements?

Review all of the writing samples and identify and group student needs.

Primary stakeholder

Students

In isolating factors that affect student learning, researches have found which of these has the most impact?

Qualifications of the teacher.

Among standards informing effective professional development (PD) for teachers, which is/ are most characteristic of strong school leaders?

Realizing good PD's value, promoting teacher participation , and communicating PD benefits to stakeholders.

Preserving instructional time

Reducing the numbers of distractions and interruptions to the instructional program.

How can school leaders best promote openness and collaborative decisions in ethical school leadership and make ethical conversation integral to their culture?

Regularly initiate discussions for self- examination and ethics development.

Codes & standards of behavior

Require educators and leaders to abide by all laws but some decisions address gray areas in which there is not specific law.

On which of the following do the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act the Family Education Rights and Privacy Act differ with respect to students records?

Requiring instruction and training of educators on records confidentiality.

Parents have be notified a school principal that they are removing their student to homeschool. Before the children are removed what should the principal do?

Review current state law concerning homeschooling and act accordingly.

Which of the following is the most critical part of establishing effective data terms?

Reviewing item analysis reports for the standards base assessments.

A high school principal over hears teachers talking about how the new hire received her job due to her relation of a board member. The principal should..

Speak to the teachers about gossiping and how it is a form of defamation.

How can students needs to be identified

Speaking directly to the students. Speaking with families. Watching and monitoring students.

Role of career pathways in schools

Specific track that students can participate in to prepare them for specific career fields or jobs. Include coursework that is relevant to a student's chosen field. All school levels can implement career pathways.

Creating a culture of high expectations

Staff and students strive toward high goals and excellence. -Set above minimum standards. -Reward students and staff if the expectations have been exceed. -Address performance that does not met expectations in an effective manner. - Provide necessary things to help that fail.

Evaluating staff members

Staff must be evaluated to see if they are performing well. Provide construction feedback. If necessary have professional development to work on areas of weakness.

Supporting a culture of learning by communicating the vision & goals to stakeholders

Stakeholders need understand the visions they can identify support and develop a culture. Stakeholders can advocate to the community for more help.

Evaluating Teachers

Standardized evaluation system must be used. Must be told what they are going to be evaluated on. Tool should show areas of growth and weakness. Be given ways to develop skills all year.

Classroom management

Strategies that teachers use to maintain in order in the classroom and establish an environment conductive to learning. Use for minor disciplinary problems. Has to have diverse instructional practices . Have certain seats for students. Show expectations for student behavior. Build a rapport with students.

The National Association of Secondary School Principals ( NASSP) recommends that school leaders furnish comprehensive staff development in supporting student mental health. Which area of recommended training is most related to Response to Intervention ( RTI) model?

Strategies to apply in promoting school wide positive environments.

School leaders need access to multiple information sources to understand and address diverse student and community dynamics. As one type of source, their state education departments can share leadership and accountability and support school leaders. Which example of this helps school leaders in their jobs by facilitating their analyses of school strengths, needs, progress, and trends?

Strengthening resources and refining data collection methods.

Stringent discipline approach

Strict pre determined consequences for student misbehaviors.

Importance of being full staffed at the outset of the school year

Strive for 100% staff in place before school starts. Have important training professional development occur prior to the start of school. Teachers that come in late do not always bond with students.

Benefit all students

Student centered goals should not marginalize or omit groups of students but ____________________.

A school leader has been hired as the new principal of a public elementary school. State standardized test scores in ELG across all fourth grade classes in this school have steadily decline over the past several years. Scores in reading, listening and speaking have all declined and scores in writing started out the lowest and have dropped the most since. The new principal and all fourth grade teachers are meeting to study samples of student compositions and discuss how to improve writing achievement. The principal wants to assist the teachers in identifying the best instructional strategies to augment their students' ELA achievement. Which of the following pairs of data sets would most inform this assistance.

Student standardized test data, disaggregated; state grade level ELA standard.

Collaborative learning

The instructional strategy in which a teacher places students of varying abilities & interests to work together in small groups to solve a problem, complete a project, or achieve a common goal is known as. Reinforces listening and speaking skills.

Federal law

The law of the national government. Takes precedence over the state laws.

Supporting student engagement & performance with relevance in instruction

The more relevant to students they will be more likely to engage. - Students can learn abstract concepts if given background experience.

What is true about school leader responsibilities for documentation related to school safety?

The must document their observations from monitoring safety plan implementation.

A leader can be most confident a group is functioning well when...

The participants are interacting with an open basis.

Promoting conflict resolution

The practice of resolving conflicts or disagreement between students to prevent further disruption. Identifying potential conflicts among student body. Early intervention is essential in resolving conflicts effectively. Build relationships with students and create an environment in which students feel comfortable reporting conflicts to adults. There should be structures of systems in place to practice conflict resolutions. Campus should promote conflict resoultion

A school leader has been hired as the new principal of a public elementary school. State standardized test scores in ELG across all fourth grade classes in this school have steadily decline over the past several years. Scores in reading, listening and speaking have all declined and scores in writing started out the lowest and have dropped the most since. The new principal and all fourth grade teachers are meeting to study samples of student compositions and discuss how to improve writing achievement. A principal wants to develop a new school vision and goals associated with that vision. What applies most about implementing these?

The principal must differentiate measurable versus non-measurable vision and goals for every student.

Importance of the principal as an instructional leaders

The principal should act as the instructional leader on campus. Instruction is prioritized. Gives validity to principal's feedback. Teachers can be receptive to feedback and advice.

Convey direction

The purpose of a schools vision is to ___________________ of the school to all stakeholders.

Focus & priorities

The school's ___________________________ can be conveyed to all stake holders, including staff, students and the community.

Professional development

The sum of activities a person performs to meet goals and/or to further his or her career. -Helps lead change. -Develop improved instructional strategies. -Offer individualized and group professional development. -Innovate ways to lead people.

Learning spaces

There should be ___________ to accommodate a variety of learning strategies along with the furniture and resources that support those learning.

Which choice best describes one of those benefits of collaborations among schools, community agencies, resources, organizations, universities, and businesses?

They can offer multiple services within the school setting.

How must school leaders help faculty and other staff with curriculum and instruction to identify and meet student needs?

They help faculty and staff identify content and practices to address needs.

A principal observes Mr. Kang, an experienced teacher, and finds that his lessons do not reflect the district and campus focus on alignment with state standards. The teacher is resistant to the mandated curriculum standards and considers them an infringement on his control of the classroom. The principal wants to help the teacher better understand how to align his lessons to the Georgia Performance Standards. Describe THREE actions the principal can take to help Mr. Kang better understand how to align his lessons with the performance standards. For EACH action, identify the participants involved in the action and the timetable for implementation.

To address the situation, I would take the following actions: 1. Meet with Mr. Kang to explain my understanding of the situation. a. Participants: Principal, Mr. Kang b. Timetable: Within 24 hours of the observation During the meeting, I would review the data I have to support my observation that his lessons are not aligned with the state standards. I would provide a strong rationale for the need to align his lessons as required by district/campus policy. I would discuss with him how textbooks are not state specific, and how tracking student progress helps assess grade-level mastery of state standards. We would utilize student results by competency on a recent state-mandated assessment as a starting point to see gaps that may be apparent. 2. Create an action plan for addressing the situation, because addressing the situation will take time. a. Participants: Principal, Mr. Kang, supervisor of instruction or grade-level chairperson b. Timetable: Within a week of the first meeting When creating the plan, I will want to discuss with Mr. Kang the different possible supports to consider for the plan. Together we will consider: staff development on understanding state standards, selecting staff development on analyzing the parts or verbs in each standard, creating standards-based lessons, providing him a mentor to provide support, setting specific goals, monitoring lesson plans for compliance and progress toward goals we establish. 3. Monitor the action plan created collaboratively a. Participants: Principal, Mr. Kang, curriculum coordinator/grade-level chairperson b. Timetable: monitor progress toward goals regularly until goals are met To best ensure that the teacher learns to align lessons with the state standards, the principal will need to monitor progress toward the goals and ensure that the teacher uses the standards when creating his lessons and creates a checklist to monitor gaps and overlap and ensure thorough coverage and student mastery until this practice becomes a standard part of the teacher's planning process.

The best argument for including students who receive special education services with their classmates in general education with appropriate is that students will

To be education in the least restrictive environment.

Which of these is NOT one of the purposes of rigorous and relevant curriculum design

To incorporate new and different instructional goals.

Progress

To move a step in a positive direction; to improve; to move a step closer to a goal.

Which of the following is the most important reason for school leaders to be visible and involved during morning arrival and afternoon dismissal of students?

To provide opportunities for daily interactions with students, staff, and parents.

At a recent staff meeting, teachers asked the school leader to purchase a color printer for each grade level. Which of the following questions should the school leader initially ask to determine whether to purchase the color printers?

To what degree do color printers support advancement toward the goals outlined in the school improvement plan?

What does research show about school leaders distributing leadership responsibilities for implementing a school vision and goals?

Today's schools can not be led by one principal without significant participation by other educators.

Alternative Assessment Methods

Traditional methods - Standardized test with closed questions which required students to select an answer from several choices. NonTraditional -Writing -Projects -Performance

A few weeks after being hired, a new principal finds that several minor district procedures for money management are not being followed at the school. Which of the following is the most appropriate step for the principal to take to address the problem with faculty and staff?

Training all staff on implementing proper accounting controls, procedures, and records for school funds.

Connection between the school and the local employment trends

Training and education should aid students in employability. Be flexible is programming needs. Try to partner with local community.

Discipline

Training students to abide by a specific code of behavior. Consequences and expectations for behavior are outlined.

A school leader has been hired as the new principal of a public elementary school. State standardized test scores in ELG across all fourth grade classes in this school have steadily decline over the past several years. Scores in reading, listening and speaking have all declined and scores in writing started out the lowest and have dropped the most since. The new principal and all fourth grade teachers are meeting to study samples of student compositions and discuss how to improve writing achievement. Following the initial meeting, the new principal conducts observations of each fourth grade teacher's classroom. What should the principal mainly focus on in terms of improving students' state standardized ELA test scores.

Whether teaches are aligning lesson objectives with sate grade level ELA standards.

Effectively communicating with the media

Will need the media from time to time. 1. Follow protocols and procedures outlined by the school district when communicating with the media, especially in situations in which the media attention is negative for the school or district. 2. Speak truthfully communicate in alignment with the school leaders and communicate according to instructions from the school district staff.

What do experts recommend to school leaders for explaining policies to the school community?

With safety policies and procedures, school leaders should conduct a formal review.

Regarding a school's vision, mission, and related goals, the school leader's responsibility is to ensure there are congruent with which level(s) of education policy?

With school, local, state, and federal policies.

Expectations

_______________ must be communicated for a culture of learning to staff, students, parents, and community stakeholders to ensure that everyone is aware.

Strategic planning

_______________ should be guided by the school's vision so that all goals and plans are designed with the purpose of achieving the vision.

Action step

__________________ a plan should clearly outline what needs to be done to accomplish them.

Deficit area

___________________ places where growth is needed.

Loss of efficiency & impact

______________________ is what happens when schools do not follow the school's vision.

Voting process

______________________ should be anonymous ballot or online survey.

Equity

______________________ that some groups of students may need additional resources and support in order for them to meet performance standards.

Targeted resources & interventions

_________________________ can be used to meet expectations.