Geol 106 test 2
volcanic gas
2nd atmosphere of the early earth came from ____
terrestrial
Earth mars venus and mercury are the _____ planets
one
How many stars does our solar system have
Shields
A large area of ancient rocks exposed at the surface undeformed for the last many millions of years is called
the shoreline has advanced over the land
A transgression is when______ sea level has dropped sea level has risen the shoreline has advanced over the land the shoreline has retreated seaward
a liquid outer core had formed
Accumulation of the near atmosphere was possible because _____
-eukaryotes
Acritarchs are_________. -prokaryotes -eukaryotes
amniotic eggs freed reptiles from having to go back to the water to reproduce
Although land tetrapods had already made the transition to life on land the development of the amniotic egg was significant because
a surface in the rocks that represents a gap in the rock record
An unconformity is a period of time when sediments did not accumulate a surface in the rocks that represents a gap in the rock record
-all of the above
Archean plate tectonics differs somewhat from recent plate tectonics because -the crust was thinner -the earths interior was hotter -continents were smaller -all of the above
greenstone belts
Archean rocks include sedimentary sequences called _____
-rondinia
By late in the proterzoic, virtually all of the small continents had merged to form a single supercontinent called_____. -Euramerasia -gondwanaland -rondinia -pangea
hydrogen and helium
Earths 1st atmosphere consisted of ____ which was blown away by solar winds
-All of the above
Eukaryotes differ from prokaryotes in that they ______. -have nucleus -are larger -have sexual reproduction -All of the above
-white ice reflects more solar energy
Glaciations make the climate get even colder because _____ -white ice reflects more solar energy -strong winds are created -the earth moves further from the sun
-CO2 and CH4
Greenhouse gases that were most important in the Precambrian atmosphere include_______ and_____. -CO2 and H2 -CH4 and N2 -CO2 and CH4 -CO2 and H2O
pillow lavas
Greenstone belts include abundant ____ indicating underwater eruptions of lava
Red
Iron rich sediments that have been oxidized are ____ in color
have pipe-like cells to conduct water up from the roots
Land plants are vascular which means they ____ live underwater have pipe-like cells to conduct water up from the roots had muscle like tissue are green
-About the same time
Mendel lived________ Darwin. -Before -After -About the same time
well sorted well rounded
New depositional sequences generally start with ______ above a major unconformity limestone shale poorly sorted angular grains well sorted well rounded
photosynthesis, cyanobacteria
Oxygen in the Precambrian atmosphere is believed to haven been supplied by ____ by _____
-True
Plate tectonics is believed to have operated even in the archean although with some differences compared with more recent times -True -False
Cartilaginous
Sharks are ______ fish Cartilaginous Bony
False
The Cambrian explosion is the name given to the sudden appearance of abundant shelly fossils (trilobites, brachiopods...) at the very beginning of the Cambrian true or false?
-paleozoic
The Cambrian, Devonian, etc, are all part of the______ -precambrian -mesozoic -paleozoic -cenozoic
-limestone
The Proterozoic differs from the archean that _____ becomes more abundant. -cherts -limestone -Sandstones -Shale -Lavas
octopus
The ammonites were most closely related to modern Clams octopus Brachiopods corals
amphibians
The first land vertebrates (tetrapods) were amphibians reptiles mammals
-ediacara
The late precambrian animals are part of the ____ fauna. -wollagonga -canberra -ediacara -Tasmania
-Lapetus
The late proterozoic supercontinent broke up just before the start of the Cambrian and a new ocean separated Europe from North America _____. -Atlantic -Pacific -Lethys -Lapetus
amniotic egg
The most important advance by the reptiles over the amphibians was the development of scales walking on legs amniotic egg
Ordovician
The next period immediately after the Cambrian was the cretaceous Jurassic Ordovician Silurian
n2co2 nitrogen carbon dioxid
The secondary Precambrian atmosphere consist initially of
-rondinia
The supercontinent that broke up late in the proterozoic
Fish , amphibians
The transition to land vertebrates is the transitions from _____ to _____
Paleozoic
Trilobites became extinct at what time?
they had jaws
What was the major advance made by the placoderms fish concerned with the Agatha
542 million years ago
When did the Precambrian end?
Devonian
When did vertebrates first invade land Cambrian Devonian Triassic cretaceous
lobe finned fish
Which fish were the ancestors of the first land vertebrates ray finned fish lobe finned fish cartilaginous finned fish placoderm
All
Which of the following was evolving during the Precambrian? -life -Earth atmosphere -Crust -All
-Steno
Who established the principle of Original Horizontality of Strata? -Steno -Lyell -Smith -Hutton
one
how many cells make up the body of a typical formainiferan (foram) one two
south america and north america
what 2 continents collided to form the ouachita mountains late in the paleozoic
--most groups of animals and plants suffered some extinctions
what happened at the end of the Permian
Ouachitas
what paleozoic mountain belt can be seen in arkansas and oklahoma?
Mississippian
what period came immediately before the Pennsylvanian
Permian
what period came instantly after the Pennsylvanian
late Jurassic or early Cretaceous
when did flowering plants first appear on earth early Triassic Cambrian tertiary late Jurassic or early Cretaceous
542 million years ago
when did the paleozoic begin
251 million years ago
when did the paleozoic end
oyster
which is larger foram coccolith oyster
Triassic
which is the earliest (oldest) period of the Mesozoic Triassic Jurassic Cretaceous tertiary