Give Me Liberty! Ch. 16

In which industry did Andrew Carnegie make his fortune?

steel

The phrase that best captures the vision of the Knights of Labor is

"Cooperative commonwealth."

Which census revealed for the first time that there were more non-farming jobs than farming jobs in the United States?

1880

Between 1870 and 1920, how many immigrants arrived from overseas?

25 million

Which of the following was NOT true of the second industrial revolution?

A boom in automobile manufacture spurred the rise of oil, rubber, and steel production.

With the mechanization of manufacture, skilled workers virtually disappeared from industrial America.

False

In the late nineteenth century, the Republican Party found particularly strong support among all of the following EXCEPT

Irish-Americans.

What was the title of the book in which Henry George proposed a "single tax" on real estate that would replace all other taxes?

Progress and Poverty

During the second industrial revolution, wage labor became America's leading source of livelihood.

True

The extermination of the North American bison (buffalo) drastically undermined the livelihood of the Plains Indians.

True

The political "boss" of New York City in the early 1870s was

William M. Tweed.

The politics of Gilded Age America was said to be

a time of dishonesty and corruption in which corporations battled each other for special consideration by local state and federal governments.

The spirit of innovation made an important contribution to the dynamic and expansive growth of the American economy in the late nineteenth century. Which of the following was NOT an innovation of the 1870s and 1880s?

airplane

In 1890, the distribution of wealth in the United States

had the top 1 percent of Americans owning more property than the remaining 99 percent.

The 1887 Dawes Act

led to the loss of tribal lands and the erosion of Indian cultural traditions.

By 1913, the United States produced how much of the world's industrial output?

one-third

What did one historian mean when calling a group of reformers during the Gilded Age in the United States the "Christian lobby?"

powerful national organizations like the Women's Christian Temperance Union, National Reform Association, and Reform Bureau now campaigned for federal legislation that would "christianize the government" by outlawing sinful behavior

The West was a remarkably homogeneous region—only in the twentieth century did it become ethnically diverse.

False

Which of the following was intended to regulate economic activity, and ensure that railroad rates were reasonable and favoritism avoided?

Interstate Commerce Commission.

What was the name of the organization that sought to organize both skilled and unskilled workers, women as well as men, blacks along with whites, and achieved a membership of nearly 800,000 in 1886?

Knights of Labor

Which of the following was John D. Rockefeller's company?

Standard Oil Company

Which of the following was NOT a theme of Social Darwinism?

The growing gulf between the haves and the have-nots poses a dire threat to American freedom

Wage reductions were commonplace during economic downturns.

True

According to the author, Eric Foner, the federal government contributed to the dynamic and expansive growth of the American economy in the late nineteenth century by

granting land to railroads, removing Indians from desirable lands in the West, and enacting high tariffs.

Which was NOT a central factor in the explosive economic growth in the second Industrial Revolution?

low tariffs