Government Final Exam

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Throughout its history, American politics have been dominated by...

Two major political parties

Which of the following occurs when 1 party replaces another that has dominated nation...

an electoral realignment

All the following are important roles for the media in American democracy EXCEPT

enabling privately owned companies to advertise their products to the public.

The traditional news media aims to provide objective reporting on current events by

excluding the personal views of reporters or editors from their coverage.

A political party is an organization...

that tries to influence the gov by getting its members elected to office.

Which of the following groups was NOT part of the New Deal Coalition?

Asian Americans

A five-dollar fine for a parking violation is an example of a....

Civil penalty

A benefit that is sought by an interest group and that once achieved cannot be denied t...

Collective good

Citizen journalism is a distinguishing feature of ____ that is more interactive and participatory.

Digital media

____ try to influence government policy, while ____ try to win elections.

Interest groups; political action committees

A person who enjoys the benefits of a group's collective efforts but does not contribute t...

Free rider

The teamsters and the American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial organizations...

Labor

________ is the practice of tailoring campaign messages to individuals in small, homoge...

Micro-targeting

Which of the following is an example of a media outlet that receives funding from the government...

National Public Radio (NPR)

A ______ is the best example of an informational benefit provided by many interest groups....

Newsletter

____ is the theory that all interests are and should be free to compete for influence in the government; the outcome of this competition is compromise and moderation.

Pluralism

During the 1980s, the Republicans added _____ to their coalition

Religious conservatives and working- class whites

Political parties hold primary elections or caucuses in order to...

Select a single candidate to represent the party in the general election

Through widely available, ______ typically report(s) on the narrowest range of topics & provide...

Television

In the United States, freedom of the press is protected by...

The First Amendment of the Constitution

Who is an incumbent?

The current officeholder, running from reelection.

Which of the following statements best characterizes the traditional news media's relationship to objectivity?

While completely objective reporting is unattainable because people inevitably have biases that shape their understanding of events, journalists attempt to be objective by reporting both sides of a story.

What is the ultimate goal of a political party?

Wining elections

An officially expressed purpose or goal backed by a sanction is a

a public policy

Public broadcasting in the United States

accounts for a much smaller share of the media market than in other Western democracies, such as France, Germany, and Denmark

The best description of the ideal of pluralism is that

interest groups should be free to complete for governmental influence

The fact that a decreasing number of companies owns an increasingly large share of the American media is a concern primarily because

it increases the risk that politicians and citizens who express less popular or minority viewpoints will have difficulty finding a public forum

"Public Broadcasting" refers to any television, radio, and digital media that...

receive funding from the public thru license fees, subsidies, or taxes.

The practice of training reporters to produce a standardized, seemingly neutral news product was the result of

the newspaper industry's realization that the best way to make a profit was to not alienate potential readers who held liberal or conservative political views.

The trend in concentration of traditional media ownership occurred in large part due to

the relaxation of government regulations in the 1980s and 1990s

The media are sometimes referred to as the "fourth branch of government" because

they provide a check on the power of government and political leaders.


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