HA102

The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, including Millais and Rossetti, rejected Realism and based their artistic philosophy on the writings of which individual?

John Ruskin

The painting A Philosopher Giving a Lecture at the Orrery was done by which artist?

Joseph Wright of Derby

Which photographer became known for creating portraits of artists such as Delacroix, Daumier, and Courbet?

Nadar

Which city was the artistic center of the Rococo style?

Paris

Which style of art had its roots in Impressionist precepts and methods, though it was not stylistically homogeneous?

Post-Impressionism

In constructing the Crystal Palace for the Great Exhibition of 1851, what cost-effective innovation did Joseph Paxton employ?

Prefabricated elements

Which Romantic-style building is a conglomeration of Islamic domes, minarets, and screens that has been called "Indian Gothic"?

Royal Pavilion, Brighton

Which artist can be said to have translated English literary satire into the visual arts?

William Hogarth

Which scholar wrote Reflections on the Imitation of Greek Works in Painting and Sculpture and established a model for the analysis of stylistic evolution in art?

Winckelmann

The design of Chiswick House by Boyle and Kent is regarded as a free variation on the work of which architect?

Andrea Palladio

Which of the following is NOT a technique Wright used to focus attention on the scientific instrument being demonstrated in this scene?

Background made hazy and less detailed

Who became the official painter to King George III and was a founding member of the Royal Academy of Arts?

Benjamin West

Which is NOT a technique Bernard Neumann used to adapt the Rococo style to ecclesiastical interiors?

Contrasts of dark and brilliant colors in painted decor

The vedute paintings of Antonio Canaletto were intended for which class of patron?

English travelers

The rustic setting, soft light, and feathery brushwork of Gainsborough's portrait of Mrs. Richard Brinsley Sheridan are elements of which style?

French Rococo

The renewed interest in classical antiquity of the 18th century can be credited to the archaeological discoveries at which sites?

Herculaneum and Pompeii

The clearly evident brushstrokes, the attention to light and atmosphere, and the loose handling of form in Impression: Sunrise qualify it as a prime example of which artistic style?

Impressionism

What event transformed the economies of continental Europe and North America in the 18th century?

Industrial Revolution

Napoleon's embrace of Neoclassicism as a means of linking his own reign to the ancient Roman Empire is embodied in which monument?

La Madeleine

Which artist painted Summer's Day, a depiction of two well-dressed women in a boat, using the open brushwork and the plein air lighting characteristic of Impressionism?

Morisot

Which movement included artists who express their individual spirit, rejecting the optical world of daily life in favor of fantasy and imagination, as seen in this work by Gustave Moreau?

Symbolism

Which style of art best describes James Ensor's large-scale, multi-figure canvas Christ's Entry into Brussels in 1889?

Symbolism

Robert Adam used elements from which Roman wall-painting style to create the decorations of the Etruscan Room at Osterley Park House?

Third and Fourth Styles

Which early photographer used the new medium to produced documentary images of the immediate aftermath of Civil War battles?

Timothy O'Sullivan

John Singer Sargent's family portrait Daughters of Edward Darley Boit shows the influence of his careful study of which painter?

Velázquez

Which philosopher believed that the betterment of humanity lay in the advancement of science and the rational improvement of society?

Voltaire

Which structure was built for the great exhibition in Paris in 1889 and was originally seen as a symbol of modern Paris?

a. Eiffel Tower

Which Neoclassical artist of the first part of the 19th century looked firmly to the arts of Greek antiquity for his subjects and compositions?

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres

Which artist illustrated the views of Rousseau by painting quiet scenes of domestic life that honored the simple goodness of ordinary people?

Jean-Baptiste-Siméon Chardin

The colonnade of the Roman temple of Jupiter at Baalbek in Lebanon provided the inspiration for what building?

Pantheon

The conclusion of the debate in the French Royal Academy between advocates of color and advocates of form resulted in the ascendance of which style?

Rococo

Who was the artist of the immense Romantic painting Raft of the Medusa, which took eight months to create?

Théodore Géricault

Which structure best embodies Louis Sullivan's dictum "form follows function," expressing the relationship between the building's interior and its exterior?

a. Guaranty (Prudential) Building

Which of the following is NOT a colorist painting, instead relying on form and line?

a. Ingres, Apotheosis of Homer

The metal relief etching entitled Ancient of Days is the work of which leading Romantic artist?

William Blake

Which American Realist artist who studied both painting and medicine believed that careful observation was a prerequisite for his art?

Winslow Homer

Which element in Napoleon Visiting the Plague-Stricken in Jaffa has the artist, Antoine-Jean Gros, adapted from Oath of the Horatii by his teacher, Jacques-Louis David?

a. Arcaded backdrop frames the composition

Which Romantic artist was a leader in transcendental landscapes, a new painting genre of the 19th century?

Caspar David Friedrich

The Romantic sensibility evident in the energy of Joseph Mallord William Turner's landscapes and seascapes relies on the emotive power of which element of his painting style?

Color

Greenough sculpted which contemporary statesman in the Neoclassical style by portraying him seminude and enthroned, as Phidias depicted Zeus in the famous lost statue?

George Washington

Which Realist painter relies on a naturalistic style that does not romanticize or idealize the everyday lived realities that his contemporary subjects endured?

Gustave Courbet

The 19th-century revival of historical architectural styles led Barry and Pugin to rebuild the Houses of Parliament in London in what style?

Neo-Gothic

Jacques-Louis David's Oath of the Horatii can be said to be a paragon of which style?

Neoclassical

Which artist studied the photography of others, but also used the camera consistently to make preliminary studies for his own work?

b. Edgar Degas

The color theory of 19th-century chemist Michel-Eugène Chevreul had particular influence on which Post-Impressionist artist?

b. Georges Seurat

What illusionistic effect did Eadweard Muybridge's zoopraxiscope rely on to show his sequential images?

b. Persistence of vision

What aspect of The Tub reveals Degas's distinctly modernist exploration of the premises of painting?

b. The flatness and attention to the picture's surface

Which artist explored the capabilities of colors and distorted forms to express his emotions as he confronted nature?

b. Vincent van Gogh

Which style developed out of the Arts and Crafts movement and adapted natural forms to the needs of architecture, painting, sculpture, and the decorative arts?

c. Art Nouveau

Members of which movement dedicated themselves to producing functional objects with high aesthetic value for a wide public?

c. Arts and Crafts

Which leading French sculptor of the later 19th century was known for a Realist sensibility and an interest in the effect of light on sculpted surfaces?

c. Auguste Rodin

Which artist was a leading practitioner of the pictorial style in photography who became famous for photographs with Symbolist themes?

c. Gertrude Käsebier

Who was named first consul of the French Republic after leading the French army on several campaigns?

c. Napoleon Bonaparte

In Caillebotte's Paris: A Rainy Day, the setting is a junction of spacious boulevards, a result of what major urban initiative?

c. The redesigning of Paris under Napoleon III

Which structure visually expresses its architect's approach, in which the building is conceived as a whole and molded as a sculptor might shape a figure from clay?

d. Antonio Gaudi's Casa Milá

Which artist produced both paintings and prints whose high emotional charge was a major source of inspiration for the German Expressionists in the early 20th century?

d. Edvard Munch

Which American artist principally painted women and children with a combination of objectivity and genuine sentiment?

d. Mary Cassatt

Which artist, known for his still lifes, bathers, and landscape paintings of Mont Sainte-Victoire, declared he wanted to "make of Impressionism something solid and enduring"?

d. Paul Cézanne

The severity for James Stuart's Neoclassical Temple of Theseus in Hagley Park takes its inspiration from the ruins he visited in which modern country?

greece