Health 1-Chapter 12: Weight Managment
What does the Centers for Disease Control consider a healthy, gradual weight loss?
1-2 pounds per week
About ______% of women with anorexia die from medical complications.
10
Essential fat comprises ______% of men's body weight.
3-5
True or false: Body mass index (BMI) measures body fat.
False Reason: BMI is correlated to body fat, but it does not directly measure it.
In the United States, the energy equation generally is tipped
Toward "energy in"
Fat cells secrete the hormone _________, which tells the brain the size of the body's fat stores.
leptin
When deciding on a weight-loss goal, individuals should focus most on their
lifestyle.
Amenorrhea is the absence of ______ in women.
menstruation
What is the sum of all the processes the body uses to obtain and utilize food energy called?
metabolism
People with very low body fat may suffer from which of the following?
muscle wastage eating disorders fatigue
It is possible to lose weight when you maintain a(n) ______ energy balance.
negative
What is the study of how genes and nutrients interact with each other and how genetic variations can cause individuals to respond differently to nutrients?
nutrigenomics
___________ is a serious degree of overweight that has a number of health risks.
obesity
A medicine can cause weight loss if it
reduces feelings of hunger. increases feelings of fullness.
The amount of subcutaneous fat is measured by the ________ measurement technique.
skinfold
Which of the following are common characteristics of anorexic people?
socially insecure introverted
What type of fat is measured by the skinfold measurement technique?
subcutaneous
Which of the following are standard categories of body weight status based on BMI?
underweight obese healthy weight
Which of the following are the simplest methods for measuring body fat distribution?
waist-to-hip ratio calculation waist circumference measurement
You can calculate your BMI by dividing
your body weight by the square of your height.
People on a safe and effective weight loss program should plan to lose how many pounds per week?
0.5 to 2
According to researchers, about ______ deaths is associated with being overweight.
1 in 5
About how much of a person's daily energy is expended during food digestion?
10%
Obesity diminishes a person's life expectancy by about ______ years.
10-20
About ______% of American men suffer from binge-eating disorder.
2
Body dysmorphic disorder affects about ______% of Americans.
2
Men with ______ body fat are considered obese.
25%
Because the recommended daily intake of fiber is ______ grams, over-the-counter fiber supplements do not have a pronounced effect on appetite control.
25-38
Many diet aids that use fiber contain ______ or fewer grams of fiber.
3
For women, a waist circumference greater but not less than ______ inches is associated with a greater risk for chronic disease.
35
Weight loss with appetite suppressants tends to level off after ______ on a medication.
4-6 months
The NHANES recommends weight loss surgery only for patients with a BMI of ______ or more.
40
Complications of diabetes include which of the following?
Hypertension Nerve damage Kidney failure
Which of the following statements about anorexia nervosa is true?
It is characterized by self-starvation.
Most of the fat in the body is stored in
adipose tissue.
Which of the following are common features of a commercial weight loss program?
advice on behavior modification group support nutrition education
People who store fat in their abdominal region have ______ obesity, giving them an apple-shaped form.
android
Intestinal, or gut, flora is made up of millions of _______
bacteria
In order for a person to maintain current body weight, his or her energy intake must ______ output.
be equal to
Researchers have determined that genes affect which of the following?
body size body fat distribution body shape
Which of the following are common symptoms of anorexia in women?
cold intolerance not menstruating dry skin
What are gimmicks used by some diet books?
combining foods in specific ways matching eating to blood types
Which of the following are examples of foods that are high in energy density?
cookies ice cream potato chips
Lack of physical exercise can result in which of the following?
decreases resting metabolic rate reduced cardiovascular health
Which are ways to increase the nutrient density of your diet?
eating fruit with breakfast eating a green salad with meals
What are some common eating behaviors of people who are suffering from binge-eating disorder?
eating when not hungry eating until overfull rapid eating
The incidence of obesity in women and children ______ as income level ______.
falls; rises
True or False: About 75% of American adults meet the Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans.
false
True or false: The primary goal of the beauty and fitness industry is to make you feel satisfied with your appearance.
false
The number of fat cells a person is born with is
genetically determined.
What are the three common types of diabetes?
gestational type 1 type 2
People who store fat in the hips, buttocks, and thighs have ______ obesity, giving them a pear-shaped form.
gynoid
People who are most successful with online weight loss programs tend to
have regular online contact.
Which of the following are common side effects of weight loss drugs?
headaches sleeplessness nervousness
BMI is a measure of body weight that is based on the concept that weight should be proportional to _________
height
BMI is a measure of body weight that is based on the concept that weight should be proportional to ___________
height
Clinical weight loss programs are typically located in a ______ setting.
hospital
Diabetes is associated with increase rates of
hypertension.
Which of the following are benefits of physical activity?
improving quality of sleep burning calories increasing self-esteem
In order to lose weight, you should
initiate an exercise program. make modest reductions in energy intake.
Which of the following are strategies for lowering energy density in the diet?
limiting the serving size of butter and cheese
Which of the following are health risks of bulimia nervosa?
liver damage erosion of tooth enamel
Eating every 3 to 4 hours does what to the body?
maintains muscle mass prevents between-meal hunger
Weight loss aids that are ______ are not regulated as heavily as over-the-counter medications.
marketed as dietary supplements
What are the main elements in the treatment of eating disorders?
medical management psychotherapy
What are the primary treatments for people with BDD?
medication therapy
What do the most effective online weight loss programs offer?
member-to-member support access to staff professionals
For women, hormonal changes during ______ can increase fat accumulation.
menopause puberty pregnancy
The Federal Trade Commission reports that ______ of ads for weight loss products make false claims.
more than 50%
Eating is often used as a way to distract oneself from which of the following?
negative emotions stress
Research indicates that individuals with weight problems often have
negative emotions.
Major risk factors for diabetes include
obesity. lifestyle. age.
Clinical weight loss programs are typically designed for those who are severely ______
overweight
What is the general term for total body weight that is above the recommended range for good health?
overweight
BMI is often inaccurate for certain groups, including which of the following?
people under 5 feet tall older people with little muscle mass people with a muscular, athletic build
An obesogenic environment promotes overconsumption of calories while discouraging what?
physical activity
Which of the following are ways to develop a positive body image?
practice body acceptance view eating as morally neutral focus on healthy habits
Which of the following are signs of disordered eating?
preoccupation with thoughts about food feelings of guilt after a meal use of laxatives after meals
What types foods promoted by the food industry contribute to an obesogenic environment?
processed food high-calorie food
Which of the following are functions of gut flora?
producing vitamins digesting food
Consumers should be particularly careful to evaluate the use of weight-loss products that do which of the following?
promise rapid weight loss claim to have a secret to success
Which disorders fall under the category of "other specified feeding or eating disorders"?
purging disorder night eating syndrome atypical anorexia nervosa
Resting metabolic rate (RMR) is the energy required to maintain which of the following?
respiration heart rate blood pressure
Which of the following is the first step in treatment of anorexia nervosa?
restoring adequate body weight
The rise in obesity can be linked to ______ time.
screen
The greater the disparity between the ideal self and actual self, the greater the impact on
self-esteem
An eating disorder is a psychological condition that is characterized by which of the following?
severe disturbances in body image
Commercial weight loss programs should do which of the following?
share with clients what expected outcomes are have a registered dietitian on staff provide information about all fees
Early warning signs of diabetes include which of the following?
slow wound healing frequent infections excessive hunger or thirst
A rare result of binge eating is rupture of the
stomach
Individuals concerned about their weight should do which of the following?
think positively eat healthy foods exercise regularly
How do people use eating as a way to cope, comparable to the way people use drugs, alcohol, or gambling?
to alleviate loneliness to escape problems to combat boredom
Women involved in activities that emphasize bodily appearance may develop the female athlete ______ syndrome.
triad
True or false: Ethnicity plays a role in determining who will develop diabetes.
true Reason: Native Americans, Alaska Natives, African Americans, and Hispanics have higher rates of diabetes than Asian Americans and white Americans.
Type ___ diabetes is strongly associated with obesity.
two
Which type of diabetes is associated with children or adolescents?
type 1 diabetes
Physical activity accounts for ______% of total daily expended energy.
20-30
Genetic makeup accounts for about ______% of a person's total body fat.
25-40
A reasonable level of weight loss over 6 months for someone who is obese would be ______% of body weight.
5-10
The percentage of American adults who are considered morbidly obese is about ______%.
8
Essential fat comprises ______% of women's body weight.
8-12
Women with less than ______% body fat are considered underweight.
8-12
Children of two obese parents have a(n) ______% risk of becoming obese.
80
Which of the following statements about slow weight gain are true?
Slow weight gain is a major cause of overweight and obesity. It refers to gaining one or two pounds per year.
According to MyPlate, which of the following influence recommended daily energy intake?
age gender activity level
Prescription weight loss drugs work best in conjunction with ________ modification
behavior
What are the main categories of eating disorders?
binge-eating disorder anorexia nervosa bulimia nervosa
Which of the following are methods for determining body composition?
bioelectrical impedance analysis skinfold measurement magnetic resonance imaging
What is the disease that disrupts normal metabolism, interfering with cells' ability to take in glucose for energy production?
diabetes mellitus
Chronic conditions commonly associated with obesity include
diabetes. sleep disorders. cancer.
Which of the following are often used to substitute all or some of a person's daily food intake?
diet food bars canned diet drinks
Which of the following is associated with obesity?
doubled mortality rates
A genetic tendency toward obesity may be mitigated by _________ (nonhereditary) factors, including diet and exercise.
environmental
True or false: It is easier to maintain a given weight after gaining and losing a large number of pounds than it is to maintain a long-term original weight.
false
True or false: According to the Centers for Disease Control, people who lose weight quickly are more likely to maintain the weight loss than those who lose weight gradually.
false: Reason: People who lose weight gradually and steadily are more successful at keeping weight off.
BMI does not differentiate between ______ weight and ______ weight.
fat; fat-free
Which of the following is not a result of skipping meals?
feeling full all day
Which of the following are proper ways to use food?
foster growth fuel life's activities
Which of the following foods are low in energy density?
fresh vegetables fresh fruits air-popped popcorn
Which of the following is a consequence of reliance on formula drinks and food bars?
rapid short-term weight loss
Which of the following are features of a responsible, safe weight loss program?
recommending a balanced die t promoting slow, steady weight loss including plans for weight maintenance
