HESI Elsevier Patient Education
A registered nurse is teaching a nursing student about caring for a client before leaving the healthcare facility. Which statement made by the nursing student indicates the need for further education? 1 "I should teach the client about potential food-drug interactions." 2 "I should involve the client and his or her family in the referral process." 3 "I should give limited information about the client to the healthcare provider who received the referral." 4 "I should teach the client and his or her family about safe and effective use of medications and medical equipment."
"I should give limited information about the client to the healthcare provider who received the referral." The nurse should provide as much client information as possible to the healthcare provider who received the referral because this action helps to avoid the provider asking duplicate questions and helps to avoid the omission of important information. The nurse should instruct the client about any potential food-drug interactions. The nurse should involve the client and his or her family in the referral process. The nurse should teach the client about the safe and effective use of medications and medical equipment.
The registered nurse is evaluating the statements of a new orienting nurse about wound dressing. Which statement made by the new orienting nurse indicates the need for further teaching? 1 "I should wash my hands with alcohol." 2 "I should take the cotton swab placed on the table." 3 "I should wash my hands before touching the wound." 4 "I should wear gloves before touching the site of injury."
"I should take the cotton swab placed on the table." Materials used for dressing of wounds must be sterile and free from contamination. The cotton swab placed on the table may not be sterile and if used may cause infections in the client. Therefore this statement made by the new orienting nurse indicates the need for further teaching. Alcohol is an antiseptic and can be used to reduce the risk of infections. Clean hands ensure minimum or no risk of infection. Bare hands may be a source of infective organisms; therefore gloves should be worn before touching the site of injury.Test-Taking Tip: Identify option components as correct or incorrect. This may help you identify a wrong answer.
A nurse is teaching an older client about proper medication use. Which statement made by the client indicates the need for further education? 1 "I will ask the pharmacist to give generic medications." 2 "I will use over-the-counter medicines along with prescribed drugs." 3 "I will continue my treatment by consulting a single healthcare provider." 4 "I will know the names and times of administration of the medications I am taking."
"I will use over-the-counter medicines along with prescribed drugs." Over-the-counter medicines should not be used along with prescription drugs because of the risk of negative drug-drug interactions. Low-cost generic drugs can be used because they have similar potency and will not cause adverse effects. Consulting a single healthcare provider will reduce the risk of polypharmacy because the healthcare provider can easily check for potentially negative drug interactions. The client should know about the names, uses, and times of administration of the medicines he or she is taking to aid in medication compliance.Test-Taking Tip: Identifying content and what is being asked about that content is critical to your choosing the correct response. Be alert for words in the stem of the item that are the same or similar in nature to those in one or two of the options.
A student nurse is describing palliative care to a client's family. Which statement made by the student nurse indicates a need for correction by the registered nurse? 1 "Palliative care is the same as hospice care." 2 "Palliative care focuses on the care of the client." 3 "Palliative care includes symptom management in the client." 4 "Palliative care is an interprofessional approach to the delivery of care."
"Palliative care is the same as hospice care." The student nurse should not confuse palliative care with hospice care. Palliative care can be provided to any client at the time of diagnosis of a serious disease, whereas hospice care is only provided to clients at the very end of life. Palliative care is mainly focused on client care and symptom management to improve the quality of life. The entire healthcare team is involved in delivering palliative care to the client.
In the clinical setting, which clients exhibit affiliative motivation? Select all that apply. 1 A client who follows a low-fat diet due to the fear of having a heart attack 2 An obese teenager who follows dietary restrictions to fit in with a peer group 3 A client who becomes a vegetarian, loses weight, and continues with the change 4 A client who complies with taking their medication to please the client's spouse 5 A young person who performs aerobic exercise and also teaches others to exercise
An obese teenager who follows dietary restrictions to fit in with a peer group A client who complies with taking their medication to please the client's spouse Affiliative motivation is usually seen in people who are nonassertive and dependent on others. Their health-seeking actions are usually directed towards establishing, maintaining, and restoring close personal relationships with others. The client who complies with taking medication to please his or her spouse is exhibiting affiliative motivation, because self-care behavior is not intended for restoring health, but to please someone else. The teenager who follows dietary restrictions to lose weight to fit into a peer group exhibits affiliative motivation. The teenager follows the dietary restrictions not to become healthy, but to get peer approval. A client who follows a low-fat diet for fear of having a heart attack exhibits avoidance motivation. A young person who does aerobic exercise and teaches others exhibits power motivation. A client who becomes a vegetarian, loses weight, and continues with the change exhibits achievement motivation.
Which psychophysiologic factors can influence communication between a nurse and a client? Select all that apply. 1 Privacy level 2 Emotional status 3 Information exchange 4 Level of caring expressed 5 Growth and development
Emotional status Growth and development Growth and development and emotional status are two psychophysiologic factors that influence communication between a nurse and a client. Privacy level is an environmental factor. Information exchange is a situational factor. Level of caring expressed is a relational factor.
Which critical thinking skill refers to the use of knowledge and experience to choose effective client care strategies? 1 Evaluation 2 Explanation 3 Interpretation 4 Self-regulation
Explanation Explanation involves using knowledge and experience to choose strategies to use to care for clients. Evaluation is applicable when using criteria to determine the results of nursing actions. Interpretation is involved in the orderly collection of data. Self-regulation is applicable when the nurse identifies ways to improve his or her own performance.
While caring for a client dealing with pain, the nurse assesses the health status and prioritizes his or her needs. Which phase of the helping relationship is observed? 1 Working phase 2 Orientation phase 3 Termination phase 4 Preinteraction phase
Orientation phase During the orientation phase, the nurse assesses the health status of the client and prioritizes his or her needs. During the working phase, the nurse encourages and helps the client to set treatment goals. In the termination phase, the nurse evaluates the achievement of treatment goals with the client. In the preinteraction phase, the nurse reviews the client's medical and nursing history and talks to the caregivers.
The nurse is caring for a client who was just diagnosed with diabetes mellitus. The client appears willing to learn how to manage the disease by stating, "I will take insulin (Humulin R) regularly to maintain my blood sugar levels." What should the nurse infer from this information? 1 The client is not motivated. 2 The client is intrinsically motivated. 3 The client is extrinsically motivated with self-determination. 4 The client is extrinsically motivated without self-determination.
The client is extrinsically motivated with self-determination. If the client is extrinsically motivated with self-determination to manage their illness, then the client shows interest in learning new tasks that would benefit their health. If the client is not motivated, then they may not participate in any activities. If the client is intrinsically motivated, then they may approach health care professionals without external motivation. If the client participates in activities because of the pressure of family members and does not know the importance of the activity, then the client is said to be extrinsically motivated without self- determination.
A client reports that the client's family members are pressuring the client to attend physical therapy sessions. What does the nurse infer from this report? 1 The client is not motivated. 2 The client is intrinsically motivated. 3 The client is extrinsically motivated with self-determination. 4 The client is extrinsically motivated without self-determination.
The client is extrinsically motivated without self-determination. If the client participates in an activity as a result of family pressure and does not understand the importance of the activity, the client is said to be extrinsically motivated without self-determination. If the client is not motivated, she would likely not participate in the activity regardless of family pressure. If the client is intrinsically motivated, she would participate in the activity irrespective of external pressure. If the client is extrinsically motivated with self-determination, she would likely interpret her family's advice as encouragement and actively participate in the therapy sessions.
