History 102 - Final Exam

The Royal Proclamation of 1763 a.All of these.b.Slowed down only for a short time the migration of Americans into the new lands won from the French.c.Kept colonial settlers east of the Appalachian Mountains.d.Was designed keep the peace with the Natives across the Appalachian Mountains.

All of these.

In Common Sense, Thomas Paine argued a.All of these.b.Republican form of government.c.Union of the states.d.Independence from the British.

All of these.

In order to win the war, the Union would have to a.All of these.b.Advance into Confederate territory.c.Subdue a hostile southern population.d.Defeat the southern armies.

All of these.

It was Thomas Jefferson's goal for the Lewis and Clark expedition to a.All of these.b.Document the geography and the natural resources of the new American territories.c.Inform Native Americans that they were now subject to the sovereignty of the United States of America.d.Explore the possibility of finding a water route to the Pacific Coast.

All of these.

Jonathan Edwards was a.The most important theologian of the early 19th century.b.A leading figure in the First Great Awakening.c.All of these.d.A philosopher.

All of these.

Presidential Reconstruction under President Johnson involved a.Providing pardons to all Southerners except the highest ranking Confederate officials and military leaders.b.Issuing instructions to the states on how to form a new state government and how to seek readmission to the United States.c.All of these.d.Requiring an oath of loyalty of all southern citizens.

All of these.

The American System introduced by Henry Clay was characterized by a.A high tariff on foreign goods to promote American industries.b.Federal investment in canals, roads, and waterways to promote growth.c.All of these.d.Preservation of the Second Bank of the United States.

All of these.

The Early National Period was characterized by a.All of these.b.The development of an internal slave trade.c.Rapid territorial and population growth.d.The creation of new universities, law schools, and museums.

All of these.

During Reconstruction, "home rule" referred to a.The division of the South into five military districts overseen by the military and the Freedmen's Bureau.b.The reunification of the North and the South.c.Blacks taking control of local and state governments through voter registration and voting Republican.d.White southern Democrats taking control of local and state governments from northern Whites and Blacks.

...

The statement which best describes the typical yeoman farmer in the South prior to the Civil War is a.All of theseb.They typically only grew small amounts of cash crops.c.They typically owned no slaves.d.They worked small subsistence farms.

All of these

Why did the English in the 16th century feel the need to establish and expand colonies? a.England's population doubled between 1550 and 1650.b.Many land owners began raising sheep rather than growing crops.c.The demand for farm labor decreased.d.All of these

All of these

Democratic-Republicans saw the War of 1812 as a.A second war of independence.b.A British invasion.c.A British attempt to gain again control over the former colonies.d.An embarrassment.

A second war of independence.

The "black codes" were a.Part of a federal institution that helped freed people transition into the free labor system.b.Constitutional amendments which granted freedmen the right to vote.c.Laws designed to redistribute confiscated lands to freed people.d.A series of laws passed throughout the South that aimed to limit the freedom and independence of freed people.

A series of laws passed throughout the South that aimed to limit the freedom and independence of freed people.

What was a weakness of the Articles of Confederation? a.It didn't give Congress the power to levy federal taxes.b.Each state had only one vote in Congress, and the Articles could not be amended unless the amendment was supported by all states.c.All of thesed.It did not create a strong executive office.

All of these

What were causes of the War of 1812? a.Britain's support of Native American claims in the Westb.Jay's Treatyc.All of thesed.The impressment of American sailors into the British Navy

All of these

What were checks and balances in American Constitutional theory? a.A system the British used to keep Native Americans on the other side of the Appalachian Mountains.b.The means by which the British set one colony against the other to maintain control.c.The method American smugglers used to keep the British navy from discovering their activities.d.A system of governmental organization by which different branches of government can prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

A system of governmental organization by which different branches of government can prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful.

Why did Lincoln's election in 1860 lead to the secession crisis? a.All of theseb.South Carolina seceded from the Union when Lincoln won the election.c.South Carolina's militia fired on federal ships coming into the harbor of Charleston to replenish supplies.d.Southerners feared that Lincoln would put an end to slavery.

All of these

By the 1830s, people who previously supported colonization of free Blacks (in the 1820s) became a.Abolitionists.b.Democrats.c.Canadians.d.Free Soilers.

Abolitionists.

According to Alfred Crosby, what kind of exchange was there between the Old and New World? a.All of theseb.Animalsc.Plantsd.Diseases or microbes

All of these

African slavery developed in the Caribbean and the Chesapeake for what reason? a.The staple and cash crop economy of the colonies was so profitable that the demand for labor could not be fulfilled by English migrants alone.b.All of thesec.The English colonists engaged in large staple and cash crop development that required difficult, labor-intense, high-mortality labor that free men did not want to perform.d.English population growth slowed due to a plague epidemic, leaving fewer people willing to make the difficult transition to America.

All of these

Federalists generally favored a.All of theseb.A powerful national government.c.Federal subsidies for industries.d.The political and economic ideologies of Alexander Hamilton.

All of these

The British felt that Americans were not contributing their fair share to the repayment of the national war debt for the Seven Years' War because a.All of theseb.Americans smuggled and traded with Britain's enemies.c.Americans paid a fraction of the taxes paid by citizens in Great Britain.d.American militias contributed very little military help to the British Army in defense of the colonies.

All of these

The Triangle Trade across the Atlantic included a.The British gave money credits for business across the Atlantic.b.The New England colonies sold food and timber to Caribbean planters.c.All of these.d.The Caribbean colonies produced sugar and molasses that could be sent to America and Britain.

All of these.

The colonists saw new taxes as a threat to their liberty because a.All of these.b.Many colonists believed taxes were part of a conspiracy designed to destroy their liberties, and these were the first step.c.They feared that taxes would be too great, put them into debt, and they would lose their land. and therefore. their political rights.d.They believed they were being taxed without representation.

All of these.

The effect of the Dawes Act was that a.Native Americans lost a million acres of land.b.Every treaty that had been signed previously was broken.c.All of these.d.After the reservation land was surveyed and allotted, the excess Native American land was put up for sale.

All of these.

What was a contributing factor to the British defeat in the War of Independence? a.The French gave military aid to the Patriots.b.The Loyalist militias were smaller and less effective than those of the Patriots.c.All of these.d.They focused on winning battles and capturing large cities, rather than the hearts and minds of civilians.

All of these.

What was an outcome of the War of 1812? a.All of these.b.Canada remained a part of the British Empire.c.The United States remained an independent country.d.The Great Lakes region between Canada and the United States was demilitarized.

All of these.

At the end of the Early National Period, a new system was launched that triggered internal improvements, such as the building of roads and canals. It was called the a.System of the West.b.Transportation System.c.Improvement System.d.American System.

American System.

The most important message of George Washington's farewell address at the end of his presidency was that a.Americans must set aside land for Native Americans or face perpetual war.b.Democratic-Republicans and Federalists should set aside hostilities and get along.c.Americans should avoid troubles with the "foreign world" and stay neutral.d.America must settle its international debts to become a great power.

Americans should avoid troubles with the "foreign world" and stay neutral.

To protect the early republic from the French and the British, Jefferson and Madison issued a.A call for a voluntary army.b.A blockade of the US Gulf coast.c.A blockade of the US Atlantic coastal areas.d.An embargo.

An embargo.

What was the Great Awakening? a.A movement in the mid-18th century to evangelize the Native Americans.b.An evangelical movement that emphasized personal salvation through self-transformation.c.The name of the ceremony when evangelicals did mass baptisms.d.A period in New England when an unusual number of churches were built.

An evangelical movement that emphasized personal salvation through self-transformation.

"Bleeding Kansas" refers to a.A massive slave revolt in Kansas in 1855.b.An incident in which pro-slavery forces attacked the Free Soil town of Lawrence, followed by retaliation from antislavery advocates led by John Brown.c.The popular name given to the legislation that allowed Kansans to choose whether they would have slavery.d.A massive drought in the Kansas Territory in the 1840s that killed almost 10 percent of the people.

An incident in which pro-slavery forces attacked the Free Soil town of Lawrence, followed by retaliation from antislavery advocates led by John Brown.

The Dred Scott decision, considered the worst decision by the US Supreme Court, not only upheld slavery, it a.Indicated that Dred Scott could keep a slave he took into a state where slavery was illegal.b.Asserted that the Founding Fathers never intended for slaves to be considered human beings with rights as indicated in the US Constitution.c.Decided that slaves that escaped to the North had to be returned to southern slave owners.d.Dictated that slavery should be expanded into the West.

Asserted that the Founding Fathers never intended for slaves to be considered human beings with rights as indicated in the US Constitution.

The state brought into the Union as a "free" state under the Compromise of 1850 is a.California.b.Nevada.c.Arizona.d.New Mexico.

California.

The Navigation Acts were passed by Parliament to do what? a.Improve the slave tradeb.Make the colonists pay for the debt accumulated during the Seven Years' War with Francec.Regularize colonial governments, making them all exactly the samed.Channel colonial trade through England rather than towards Spain and France

Channel colonial trade through England rather than towards Spain and France

The US solution to the "Indian problem" was a.Conquest, compression and assimilation.b.Annihilation of the Cherokees.c.Sending Christian missionaries.d.Holding a peace conference with all the Comanches.

Conquest, compression and assimilation.

After their defeat in the American Revolution in 1783, the British a.Abandoned North America for good.b.Stopped supporting the Natives.c.Destroyed their forts to prevent them from falling into American hands.d.Continued to provide support for the Natives who harassed the Americans.

Continued to provide support for the Natives who harassed the Americans.

What was the most valuable export of the United States by 1840? a.Slavesb.Cottonc.Tobaccod.Rice

Cotton

The Spanish were motivated to establish missions in California because they wanted to a.Develop the beaver fur trade in California.b.Counter Russian exploration and interest in California.c.Create an alternative Pacific port to Acapulco.d.Exploit the gold fields in California.

Counter Russian exploration and interest in California.

The French relationship with Native Americans differed from that of the British in that the French a.Colonists tended to stay in Quebec and interacted very little with Native Americans.b.Were less willing to trade with the Native Americans.c.Were contemptuous of the Native Americans and called them savages.d.Depended on the Native Americans to sustain their colonies and so treated them with more respect.

Depended on the Native Americans to sustain their colonies and so treated them with more respect.

The reason that Northerners were so upset with the Fugitive Slave Act (1850) was because they a.Feared that escaped slaves would go to California and other states in the West to avoid bounty hunters and turn these into "Black" states.b.Feared that some White women might be taken by corrupt southern bounty hunters.c.Disliked that their civil liberties were being compromised in order to return human property to slave owners.d.Were horrified that escaped slaves were being brought back to slavery.

Disliked that their civil liberties were being compromised in order to return human property to slave owners.

The Three-Fifths Compromise provided that a.Each slave would be counted as three-fifths of a constituent in the apportionment of representation for the House.b.Three-fifths of the Congress was a quorum.c.Three-fifths of women would be counted during the national census.d.Three-fifths of the states had to ratify the Constitution.

Each slave would be counted as three-fifths of a constituent in the apportionment of representation for the House.

The 15th Amendment a.Extended the right to vote to all men born in and naturalized in the United States.b.Abolished slavery in the United States and its territories.c.Required equal protection and due process to any person living in the United States.d.Gave people the right to go to court if they felt their rights were being denied.

Extended the right to vote to all men born in and naturalized in the United States.

It is likely that the sharp increase in voter turnout from 1810-1830 was due to a.Many northern states shortening the residency period for aliens to obtain the vote.b.More White men voting in the South because they heard that northern politicians would abolish slavery.c.Extending the vote to free Blacks in northern states.d.Extending the vote to non-propertied White men.

Extending the vote to non-propertied White men.

The "Trail of Tears" refers to the a.War between Texas and Mexico.b.Forced removal of thousands of Cherokee and other Indians who were marched over 1,000 miles to present-day Oklahoma.c.Comanche invasions into Mexico.d.Path marched by Mormons on their way to their new settlement near the Great Salt Lake.

Forced removal of thousands of Cherokee and other Indians who were marched over 1,000 miles to present-day Oklahoma.

The government agency that was created to help transition former slaves into the free labor system was the a.Freedmen's Bureau.b.Republican Party.c.NAACP.d.Red Cross.

Freedmen's Bureau.

The Kansas-Nebraska Act a.Strengthened the Fugitive Slave Act of 1850.b.Admitted Kansas to the Union as a free state.c.Expelled slaves from the territories of Kansas and Nebraska.d.Gave the residents of Kansas and Nebraska the power to decide if their territory would allow slavery or not.

Gave the residents of Kansas and Nebraska the power to decide if their territory would allow slavery or not.

The important executive action taken by Thomas Jefferson in 1803 that would change United States history most dramatically was a.His purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France.b.His creation of the National Bank of the United States.c.His peace efforts with Napoleon Bonaparte.d.His ending the international slave trade in the United States.

His purchase of the Louisiana Territory from France.

Frederick Jackson Turner was the a.British sea captain who first contacted the Chinook people, establishing trade with the Pacific Northwest.b.Historian who described the history of American westward expansion in relation to the frontier.c.Senator who negotiated a treaty with the Cherokee.d.Scout for the Fremont Expedition to California.

Historian who described the history of American westward expansion in relation to the frontier.

A person who was a great advocate of public education was a.Samuel Morris.b.Catherine Beecher.c.Sylvester Graham.d.Horace Mann.

Horace Mann.

The debate over popular election of the executive vs. Congressional election of the executive was solved by a.A straw poll.b.Choosing the first four presidents for their contributions in the writing of the Constitution.c.Allowing a popular election where those designated as "citizens" could vote.d.Implementing the Electoral College whereby the number of electors was based on the number of a state's senators and House members.

Implementing the Electoral College whereby the number of elector was based on the number of a state's senators and House members.

The gang system was used a.By sugar growers least of all.b.In most cotton, sugar and rice operations.c.Less intensely on large plantations than on farms having only 16 to 20 slaves.d.On plantations growing rutabagas.

In most cotton, sugar and rice operations.

The Emancipation Proclamation freed the slaves a.In Confederate territory under Union control.b.In the western territories.c.In the unoccupied portion of the Confederacy.d.Throughout the entire United States (Union and Confederate territories).

In the unoccupied portion of the Confederacy.

What did the 13th Amendment accomplish? a.It granted citizenship and due process of the laws to freed people.b.It ended slavery in all of the United States.c.It prohibited states from discriminating against voters on the basis of race, color, or status as a former slave.d.It allowed the South to force freed people back into virtual slavery.

It ended slavery in all of the United States.

What did the 14th Amendment accomplish? a.It granted citizenship to freed people and due process of the laws to all people.b.It ended slavery in all of the United States.c.It prohibited states from discriminating against voters on the basis of race, color, or status as a former slave.d.It allowed the South to force freed people back into virtual slavery.

It granted citizenship to freed people and due process of the laws to all people.

The Mexican Cession of 1848 caused great problems for the US mostly because. a.It upset the balance of free and slave states.b.Mexican Americans in the new territories revolted against American rule.c.Mexico continued to invade the region.d.Indigenous groups started a civil war in the newly acquired territories.

It upset the balance of free and slave states.

Identify the two major and staple Central American crops. a.Maize (corn) and potatoesb.Potatoes and tomatoesc.Maize and beansd.Beans and potatoes

Maize (corn) and potatoes

Harriet Beecher Stowe, in her book Uncle Tom's Cabin, succeeded in a.Encouraging all White people in the North to become abolitionists.b.Making slaves appear greedy and White people generous.c.Making White people feel that they were the victims of slavery.d.Blaming politicians for the Abolition Movement.

Making White people feel that they were the victims of slavery.

The invention of the cotton gin changed the southern cotton industry by a.Making it much more profitable to grow new varieties of cotton that could thrive further west and north.b.Making it less profitable to grow cotton on large plantations, so production moved to small, non-slaveholding farms.c.Spreading cotton production, though it became less profitable.d.Making it more likely that tobacco would be grown instead of cotton.

Making it much more profitable to grow new varieties of cotton that could thrive further west and north.

The society of colonists in New England and the Mid-Atlantic colonies were a.Less egalitarian than Great Britain.b.Less egalitarian than the southern colonies.c.More egalitarian than any other place in the Americas but about the same as in Great Britain.d.More egalitarian than in Europe.

More egalitarian than in Europe.

The main cause of the Plains War a.Native American resistance to moving to and living on reservations.b.Native American fighting among themselves.c.Native Americans' violation of all their previous treaties with the federal government.d.Native American access to horses.

Native American resistance to moving to and living on reservations.

Slave labor was used very little by northern colonies, such as New England, because a.None of the high-priced staple commodities grew well enough to make large plantations run by slave labor profitable.b.The slave trade came through the Caribbean, there were few slaves left to purchase by the time slave traders made it to the northern colonies.c.Fear of slave rebellions was too high.d.Slavery had been illegal since the founding of those colonies.

None of the high-priced staple commodities grew well enough to make large plantations run by slave labor profitable.

Prior to the attack on Fort Sumter, Lincoln attempted to compromise with the seceded states. To bring them back into the Union, Lincoln offered to

Not interfere with slavery in the states where it existed.

During the reform movement, punishments such as whippings and hangings, were replaced by a.Public display.b.Public humiliation.c.Community service.d.Penitentiaries.

Penitentiaries.

Which colony did away with state churches altogether and allowed for a wide variety of religions? a.West Indiesb.Pennsylvaniac.Virginiad.Massachusetts

Pennsylvania

The first Puritans who settled in the New England colonies were sometimes called a.Congregationalistsb.Pilgrimsc.Quakersd.Bostonians

Pilgrims

The southern plantation stood as a symbol of the a.American economic system.b.Prosperity of the sugar crop achieved through the use of enslaved labor.c.Lack of southern culture as compared to the North.d.Racial and gender hierarchies and the capitalistic system of the South.

Racial and gender hierarchies and the capitalistic system of the South.

What effect did the 1874 midterm election have on Reconstruction? a.Reconstruction was strengthened by the election of a Republican majority.b.Reconstruction was weakened significantly by the landslide win of the Democratic party gaining the majority to the House of Representatives.c.Reconstruction was weakened significantly by the election of a Republican majority to the House of Representatives.d.Reconstruction was weakened significantly by the election of a Democratic majority to the Senate.

Reconstruction was weakened significantly by the landslide win of the Democratic party gaining the majority to the House of Representatives.

The Supremacy Clause forces state judges to a.Make a yearly trip to Washington and recite an oath to the Constitution in front of the Supreme Court.b.Rule without regard to the US Constitution in matters dealing with their own state but not to matters dealing with their state and another state.c.Rule in favor of the provisions of the US Constitution over their own state constitutions or laws.d.Refuse to rule on any case that involves the federal government or another state.

Rule in favor of the provisions of the US Constitution over their own state constitutions or laws.

The cause of Shays's Rebellion in 1786-7 was a.Merchants rejected rural farmers' prices for goods.b.Rural farmers felt their interests were being sacrificed to the interests of urban merchants in the new republic.c.Rural farmers demanded more rights than merchants.d.Rural farmers rejected paying taxes.

Rural farmers felt their interests were being sacrificed to the interests of urban merchants in the new republic.

The wave of religious revivals, camp meetings, and increased membership in churches in the early 19th century was called the a.Calvinist Revival.b.Second Great Awakening.c.First Great Revival.d.First Great Awakening.

Second Great Awakening

For a long time, the British neglected their colonies but began to play close attention to them after the a.Quasi-War with France.b.Seven Years' War.c.American Revolution.d.War of the Spanish Succession.

Seven Years' War.

The foundation of the southern social structure and hierarchy prior to the Civil War was a.Cotton.b.Slave labor on plantations.c.The belief in state's rights.d.Southern concepts of honor.

Slave labor on plantations.

The demand for cotton led to the increase in a.Laborers.b.Markets.c.Shipping.d.Slavery.

Slavery.

In the plantation task system a.Only slaves with special talents or skills were given privileges.b.Slaves were allowed to earn money to buy their freedom.c.Slaves were allowed to keep small gardens and sell the produce.d.Slaves were given a certain amount of work to complete each day.

Slaves were given a certain amount of work to complete each day.

Beginning in the 1500s, a commodity which became a very profitable part of the New World economy was a.Gold.b.Slaves.c.Olives.d.Salt.

Slaves.

The European disease that was most devastating to Natives was a.Measles.b.Influenza.c.Dysentery.d.Smallpox.

Smallpox.

Small states were against the Virginia Plan because a.Government regulated trade.b.States were represented unequally.c.State laws were subordinate to national laws.d.It created a one-house legislature.

States were represented unequally.

Christopher Columbus hoped to find a new sea route to Asia. a.TRUEb.FALSE

TRUE

The Framers created the Electoral College because they were concerned that voters would not know much about the character and qualifications of candidates outside of their states. a.FALSEb.TRUE

TRUE

The event that persuaded the French to form an alliance with the Americans was a.American perseverance at Valley Forge.b.The American victory at Yorktown.c.The American victory at Saratoga.d.The Declaration of Independence.

The American victory at Saratoga.

The Europeans found the Americas to be a "breadbasket," because a.None of these.b.The Americas had many calorie-rich foods, like potatoes and corn, which were beneficial to European diets.c.Wheat could be grown in the vast Amazon Basin.d.They could grow rice almost anywhere.

The Americas had many calorie-rich foods, like potatoes and corn, which were beneficial to European diets

Antifederalists held out on ratifying the Constitution until the Federalists agreed to a.Require passage by all 13 states.b.The Bill of Rights.c.Form a Senate with one vote for each state no matter how small.d.The end of the international slave trade.

The Bill of Rights.

The phrase, "the slave power," as interpreted by Northerners, meant a.Just another derogatory name for the Democratic Party.b.Southern militias that were cropping up all over the South in the years just before the Civil War.c.The ability of southern slave owners to compel Northerners to enforce their slave-owning rights.d.Members of Congress who disliked slavery but supported the continuation of slavery in order to keep the peace between the sections.

The ability of southern slave owners to compel Northerners to enforce their slave-owning rights.

The year 1863 was an important turning point in the war effort because a.Great Britain decided not to break through the Union blockade of Confederate ports and prevented the South from getting the armaments it needed.b.The North began to win battle victories and would win all of the battles to the end of the war.c.The Emancipation Proclamation made it clear that the goal of the war was not just to preserve the Union but to preserve a Union without slavery.d.It became obvious that Abraham Lincoln would win a second term.

The Emancipation Proclamation made it clear that the goal of the war was not just to preserve the Union but to preserve a Union without slavery.

What was the military dilemma for the Union at the start of the Civil War? a.The South had superior military leadership.b.The South had more money because of slavery.c.The North would have to fight on Confederate territory.d.The war was more popular in the South than in the North.

The North would have to fight on Confederate territory.

How were the Puritan settlers of New England different from the colonists in the Chesapeake? a.The Puritan settlers were comprised of large family groups who emigrated together, not underemployed young men.b.Unlike the Virginia colonists, the New England colonists fought against a large and well organized group of Natives.c.The Puritan settlers saw a very rapid decrease in population due to disease, unlike the Chesapeake colonists who faced little disease.d.The Puritan settlers were primarily underemployed young men, not families.

The Puritan settlers were comprised of large family groups who emigrated together, not underemployed young men.

The doctrine of "Manifest Destiny" means a.Democracy is the only legitimate government that should exist in the western hemisphere.b.White people are "destined" to become the rulers of colored people.c.The United States must bring under its sovereignty all of the land west of the eastern states all the way to the Pacific coast.d.Legal slavery should "manifestly" be the rule of law in the western United States.

The United States must bring under its sovereignty all of the land west of the eastern states all the way to the Pacific coast.

What allowed the southern colonies to thrive in the 18th century? a.British policies that discouraged indentured servitude.b.The introduction of the plow.c.The resale of slaves to the West Indies.d.The cultivation and sale of valuable staple crops that could not be grown in Europe, like cotton, tobacco and rice,

The cultivation and sale of valuable staple crops that could not be grown in Europe, like cotton, tobacco and rice,

The Great Compromise refers to a.Making sure small states' votes would hold less weight.b.Letting large states maintain an advantage in senatorial representation.c.The equal representation of large and small states in the United States Senate.d.The trade-off that was made during the Constitutional Convention regarding three branches.

The equal representation of large and small states in the United States Senate.

The main reason that the diseases of the Old World overwhelmed populations in the New World was that a.The Native population's food was overrun by domestic animals from Europe, which caused hunger and disease.b.The gene pool of the Old World was much larger than that of the New World, meaning Native Americans had fewer immunities.c.The first Europeans exploited the Natives so severely that they were physically debilitated and much more vulnerable to disease.d.The gene pool of the Old World was smaller than the New World, meaning Native Americans had more immunities.

The gene pool of the Old World was much larger than that of the New World, meaning Native Americans had fewer immunities.

According to the US Constitution, in 1808 a.The international slave trade would end.b.Native Americans would be forced onto reservations.c.Slaves would no longer be counted for purposes of representation.d."Indians, not taxed" would no longer be counted for purposes of representation.

The international slave trade would end.

Lowell, Massachusetts, was famous for being a.The heart of the abolition movement in the 1840s.b.A town where they held the first convention for women's rights.c.The location of one of the first textile mills to employ single women.d.The location of the first iron works in the United States.

The location of one of the first textile mills to employ single women.

The "sphere of women" can be described as a.A philosophy advanced by Catherine Beecher and others that women were morally superior to men.b.The middle-class idea that women should stay in the home to protect it from outside corruption.c.A region in upstate New York where women made up the majority of factory laborers.d.A group that formed after the Seneca Falls Convention to lead the fight for women's suffrage in the US.

The middle-class idea that women should stay in the home to protect in from outside corruption.

Why was short-staple cotton not commercially viable before the invention of the cotton gin? a.The seed was to small to be taken off by hand.b.That form of cotton was not needed in early factories.c.The seed was difficult to separate by hand from the fiber.d.The plant was not available at earlier times.

The seed was difficult to separate by hand from the fiber.

Most Northerners were lukewarm to Reconstruction until a.They heard reports from the South about violence against freedmen and southern Unionists.b.The election of Confederate Vice President Andrew Stephens to Congress.c.The election of President Andrew Johnson.d.The assassination of Abraham Lincoln.

They heard reports from the South about violence against freedmen and southern Unionists.

What were Ferdinand and Isabella's motives for approving Columbus' first voyage? a.The conversion of large numbers of Asians to the Catholic faith.b.To compete with the Portuguese who had already established trading networks in the Atlantic and Africa.c.To fulfill the Pope's mission that they should settle all territory west of the Treaty of Tordesillas Line.d.They had heard rumors of gold in lands across the sea and wanted to be the first there.

To compete with the Portuguese who had already established trading networks in the Atlantic and Africa.

The intention of the Boston Tea Party was a.All of these.b.To accuse falsely Native Americans of overrunning colonial cities, so that the British would remove them from Massachusetts.c.To lower the price of tea by destroying large amounts of it.d.To demonstrate open defiance of the new British tax laws.

To demonstrate open defiance of the new British tax laws.

Which new American crop created a "rage" in England when it was first introduced? a.Sugarb.Indigoc.Riced.Tobacco

Tobacco

The most controversial statement of the "Declaration of Sentiments" at the Seneca Falls Convention was the resolution that a.Married women should have property rights.b.Women should have the right to sign contracts under their own names.c.Women should have the right to divorce their husbands.d.Women should have the right to vote.

Women should have the right to vote.