History Midterm 2 American Yawp Ch.10-13

Which American Revolution ideology is best encapsulated in the Declaration of Sentiments?

"No taxation without representation."

The Republican Party founded in the 1850s strongly endorsed the same policy about slavery in the territories that ________ had begun advocating in 1846.

. David Wilmot

During the Mexican War:.

. U.S. troops occupied the Mexican capital.

he U.S. slave population by 1860 was approximately:

4 million

The Declaration of Sentiments stated, "He has created a false public sentiment, by giving to the world a different code of morals for men and women, by which moral delinquencies which exclude women from society, are not only tolerated but deemed of little account in man." Which of the following is an example of this sentiment?

A woman who committed adultery was ostracized more than a man who did this same act.

Who questioned President Polk's right to declare war by introducing a resolution to Congress requesting that the president specify the precise spot where blood had first been shed?

Abraham Lincoln.

After gaining its independence, what resulted in the new independent nation of Texas?

Anglos initially supported Juan Seguín, a Tejano supporter of Texas independence, as mayor of San Antonio.

During his debate with Abraham Lincoln in Freeport, Illinois, Stephen Douglas:

insisted that popular sovereignty was compatible with the Dred Scott decision.

American settlement in Texas in the 1820s and 1830s:

led Stephen Austin to demand more autonomy from Mexican officials.

Urban slaves:

most often were domestic servants.

The internal slave trade in the United States involved the movement of hundreds of thousands of enslaved persons from:

older states like Virginia to the Lower South.

On matters related to citizenship, the U.S. Supreme Court declared in Dred Scott that:

only white persons could be U.S. citizens.

The gag rule:

prevented Congress from hearing antislavery petitions.

In 1846, Congressman David Wilmot proposed to:

prohibit slavery from all territory acquired from Mexico.

African-Americans in the abolitionist movement:

promoted the ideal of a color-blind society.

The colonization of freed U.S. slaves to Africa:

prompted the adamant opposition of most free African-Americans.

In the first half of the nineteenth century, the United States gained the most territory through:

wars with Mexico.

Like Indian removal, the colonization of former slaves rested on the premise that America:

was fundamentally a white society.

Slave families:

were headed by women more frequently than were white families.

In the late 1850s, a white slaveholder living in Mississippi most likely voted for candidates from which political party?

Democratic.

According to Catharine Beecher, how were women supposed to influence people on an issue?

Demonstrate peace and love.

The Republican presidential candidate in 1856 was:

John C. Frémont.

During the secession winter of 1860-1861, who offered the most widely supported compromise plan in Congress, which allowed the westward extension of the Missouri Compromise line?

John Crittenden.

The ________ was established in hopes of making abolitionism a political movement.

Liberty Party

In 1854, the Know-Nothings won all the congressional races as well as the governorship in:

Massachusetts

From 1848 to 1860, most of the railroad construction was in which region?

Midwest

A slave who worked primarily in cotton fields most likely lived in:

Natchez, Mississippi.

What happened under the constitution of independent Texas?

People of color had had more freedoms and rights when Mexico previously controlled Texas.

One aspect of the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo of 1848 provided for what?

Protection of large Mexican landowners in California.

According to John L. O'Sullivan's Democratic Review, what was the key to the history of nations and the rise and fall of empires?

Race.

As he entered the White House, which of James K. Polk's goals led to war?

Settling the slavery dispute.

For the South in the 1830s, making the Texas territory part of the United States could potentially be most beneficial in what way?

Several slave states could be created out of Texas.

What key component of the 1860 Republican platform had never before been part of a major party's platform?

Slavery should not be extended into new states and territories.

What resulted from the sexual exploitation of slave women?

Some wives of plantation owners resented when this happened and then punished slaves.

In 1860, which state became the first to pass an ordinance of secession and declare itself separated from the Union?

South Carolina.

What role did Christianity play in slavery?

Teaching slaves about Christianity helped to reinforce the owners' ideas on paternalism.

Why did slavery become more central to American politics in the 1840s?

Territorial expansion raised the question of whether new lands should be free or slave.

With the Gadsden Purchase, whose territory increased in size?

Texas

Analyze the role that manifest destiny played in the California gold rush. What was the result?

The California legislature created a foreign miners' tax.

The Seneca Falls Convention's Declaration of Sentiments was modeled after:

The Declaration of Independence.

What was ironic about the Fugitive Slave Act?

The South promoted states' rights, but with this law agreed to strong federal action.

The Wilmot Proviso, admission of California into the Union, and the Missouri Compromise focused on what?

The extension of slavery was a volatile issue.

How did the abolitionist movement that arose in the 1830s differ from earlier antislavery efforts?

The later movement drew much more on the religious conviction that slavery was an unparalleled sin and needed to be destroyed immediately.

The plantation masters had many means to maintain order among their slaves. According to the text, what was the most powerful weapon the plantation masters had?

The threat of sale

How did the abolitionists link themselves to the nation's Revolutionary heritage?

They seized on the preamble to the Declaration of Independence as an attack against slavery.

How did utopian leaders differ from Henry David Thoreau?

Thoreau focused on the individual, while utopian leaders emphasized the community.

Which of the following statements related to ethnicity was true in California in the 1850s?

Thousands of Indian children were declared orphans and treated as slaves.

The caning of Charles Sumner by Preston Brooks:

actually helped the new Republican Party.

Stephen Douglas's motivation for introducing the Kansas-Nebraska Act was to:

boost efforts to build a transcontinental railroad.

The Seneca Falls Convention's Declaration of Sentiments:

condemned the entire structure of inequality between men and women.

in the nineteenth century, which product was the world's major crop produced by slave labor?

cotton

Angelina and Sarah Grimké:

critiqued the prevailing notion of separate spheres for men and women.

The Dred Scott decision of the U.S. Supreme Court:

declared that Congress could not ban slavery from territories.

The Free Soil Party:

demonstrated that antislavery sentiment had spread far beyond abolitionist ranks.

Abby Kelley:

demonstrated the interconnectedness of nineteenth-century reform movements.

By 1840, the temperance movement in the United States had:

encouraged a substantial decrease in the consumption of alcohol.

The Fugitive Slave Act of 1850:

gave new powers to federal officers to override local law enforcement.

When Democrats demanded the "reannexation" of Texas in 1844, they:

implied that Texas had once been part of the United States through the Louisiana Purchase.

Why was the extension of slavery significant politically?

Both the North and South wanted to control the Senate.

When Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821:

California's Indian population was larger than its non-Indian population.

Members of which of the following groups were generally opposed to the temperance movement?

Catholics

The American Civil War began in April 1861, when:

Confederate forces fired upon and captured Fort Sumter.

Winning the Mexican War did what in regard to trade for the United States?

Gaining valuable trade ports tripled trade with China by 1860.

Before his execution, how did Nat Turner see himself?

He felt he was dying for the sin of slavery.

Which of the following statements about Martin Van Buren is true?

He wanted to see competition between political parties.

In the Lincoln-Douglas debates, what view did Stephen Douglas take?

If each state, slave or free, worried only about its own status, then there should be harmony.

When comparing colonial slavery to nineteenth-century slavery, what was a major difference?

In the colonial period, slaves rarely worked in cotton fields.

How did the Second Great Awakening influence American society?

It inspired some to combat the sins of society, such as alcoholism.

What attracted voters to the Know-Nothing Party?

Its denunciation of Roman Catholic immigrants.