History of Antisemitism midterm
Pogrom of Alexandria 38 CE
1st Pogrom recorded in all of human history, Egyptians and Greeks killed Jews because of their identity.
Dr. Victor Borden
2nd generation Holocaust Survivor, born in Palestine, parents fled across Europe beginning in Poland ending in Palestine.
How many Jews died in the Holocaust?
6 million
Alfred Dreyfus
A Jewish officer in the French army, was accused of treason, later proven false.
The International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance definition of antisemitism
A certain perception of Jews, which may be expressed as hatred to Jews. Rhetorical and physical manifestations of antisemitism are directed towards Jewish or non-Jewish individuals
The Black Death
A deadly plague that swept through Europe between 1347 and 1351 killed around 75 - 200 million people
The Anne Frank House, Netherlands
Annex that Anne Frank lived in, a hidden apartment in the attic
ADL
Anti-Defamation League
The Murder of William of Norwich in 1144 CE
Boy who was found murdered, Jews were scapegoated with the conspiracy theory of blood libel in reaction to the boys murder
"Final Solution" to the Jewish question
Euphanism from the nazis essentially saying that their plan was to murder Jews without outright saying it
Jews were blammed for 9/11
FBI arrested 5 men from Israel for recording footage of 9/11 as it happened and dancing
Golem of Prague
Fashioned out of mud and was brought to life through rituals and incantations, in order to defend the Prague ghetto from attacks. The golem grew violent and eventually turned on those who created it.
Shoah
Hebrew word for Holocaust, the burning
George Soros
Holocaust survivor, from Hungary, attacked by Hungarian government on baseless claims of conspiring against the government and trying to let Islamic immagrants take over Hungary.
Pittsburgh synagogue shooting of 2018
Homophobic and antisemitic gunman committed a mass shooting against the people of the Tree of Life synagogue
Rosh Hashanah
Jewish New Year
20,000-30,000 Jewish freedom fighters fought against the nazis across Europe
Jewish partisans
Bielsky Brothers
Jewish partisans who saved 100s of lives
The term globalist becomes antisemitic when describing
Jews as part of a nefarious international conspiracy
Pig-Kosher
Jews being forced to disobey Kosher laws in order to survive during the Holocaust.
The accusation of Blood Libel accuses
Jews of kidnapping Christian children for their blood, using blood as an ingredient for matzah, harvesting organs and drinking blood for Jewish "rituals"
Jews were painted as an impurity by the nazis
Jews were portrayed as a satanic entity
The Destruction of the Temple in Elephantine
Jews worked for the Egyptian army as mercenaries, temple in Elephantine destroyed by Egyptians and Romans who hated Jews for their monotheistic religion.
Mt. Sini
Moses recieved 10 commandments, stores commandments in the ark of the covenant
Refuseniks
Soviet Jews who had been denied their wish to emigrate to Israel
who wrote Antisemitism: Here and Now
Special Envoy Deborah Lipstadt
The Dominican Republic opened the door for Jews
The DR reason for this was trying to potentially recruit farmers.
"Blood and Soil"
The Nazi slogan/belief which held that ethnicity is based solely on blood descent and the territory one maintains.
Kristallnacht
The November Pogrom of 1938, November 9th and 10th of 1938 across Germany and Austria waves of antisemitic violence spread across these two nations, synagogues and stores were destroyed, referred as the night of broken glass as a euphonism, to mask the horrific reality of this violence
Talmud
The collection of Jewish rabbinic discussion pertaining to law, ethics, and tradition consisting of the Mishnah and the Gemara.
Passover
The night the Lord passed over the houses of the Israelites marked by the blood of the lamb, and spared the firstborn sons from death. It also is the feast that celebrates the deliverance of the Chosen People from bondage in Egypt and the Exodus from Egypt to the Promised Land.
The Book of Exodus
The second book of the Bible which tells the story of the Israelites' departure from Egypt and their wandering through the desert before reaching Mount Sinai.
The Protocols of the Elders of Zion
This book is widely considered to be the root of many modern-day antisemitic conspiracy theories
14th Waffen Grenadier Division of the SS(1st Galician)
Ukrainian nazi collaborators who committed numerous war crimes over the course of WWII
Yad Vashem
University dedicated to the Holocaust, in Jerusalem.
Pogroms
Violent attacks against Jews
Conspiracy Theory
a belief thats not based upon solid evidence/ a theory that explains an event through a special set of evidence.
The Poisonous Mushroom
a book was used to spread antisemitc ideas to children, propaganda presented Jews as the ultimate form of evil
stereotype
a generalized belief about a group of people
Jews were blamed for the death of Jesus
a statement perpetuated by the Church since its inception, the statement was only redacted after the Holocaust.
in a study conducted by the ADL
across the world 1 in 4 adults hold antisemitic ideals
Allyship
active support for the rights of a minority or marginalized group without being a member of it
Partisans traveled and lived in the woods
along with fighting antisemitism within other partisans groups
Anti-Defamation League (ADL)
an organization founded in 1913 to halt the defamation, or attack on a person's or group's reputation or character, of the Jewish people and to ensure the fair treatment of all Americans, non-governmental organization
women partisans faced extreme misogyny
and were expected to pleasure the male partisans after battles, Jewish partisans protected their women from this
blood libel
antisemitic conspiracy theory that says Jews will kidnap and kill Christian children for satanic religious rituals.
"Zionist Occupied Government"
antisemitic conspiracy theory that states Israeli politicians actually control all Westernized governments. ZOG
Martin Blaser
author of the document Passover and Plague
The "murder" of Dominguito in Zaragoza in 1250 CE
boy who was supposedly murdered by Jews in spain in a blood libel ritual, completely unfounded rumor that still persists with monuments and parades today, never officially canonized as a saint in the catholic church
Fourth Lateran Council (1215)
called by Pope Innocent III; a summons to spiritual reform; the crusades begin afterwards, called to retake the Holy Land from the Muslims and Jews
Michael Berenbaum
callled for advice or projects as well as historical accuracy/ producer and director who made a film to commemarate Jewish partisans
Cantor Ralph Goren
cantor who spoke with the class, preaches at Beth El Synagogue in Margate, NJ
cantor
clergy of synagouge, leads the choir and in-charge of music, means my chanter
anti-semitsm
coined by Wilhelm Marr, incorrect spelling of antisemitism, no hyphen
Wilhelm Marr
coined the term antisemitism (incorrect spelling when hyphen is used)
Dual Loyalty
conspiracy theory or idea that Jewish people are unable to be loyal to the U.S. and Israel at the same time.
Tisha B'Av
day of mourning to commemorate tragedies affecting the people Israel
Cabal
derrogitory term, to describe Jews as being part of an exclusive or separate group
Shabot
dinner, Fridays
Dr. Michael Berenbaum
film producer, specializes in creating documentaries based on the experinces of Holocaust survivors
Deborah Lipstadt
first ambassador appointed by Biden early in his administration the US has imported an ambassador to combat antisemitism, she's in charge of reducing antisemitism in the United States.
In the middle ages Jews were blamed for the Bubonic Plague
for poisoning the wells, entire communities were burned down against the Pope's wishes
Diaspora
forced immigration of Jewish people from homeland
Mordecai Ledavedic
fought against Nazi liquidation in the Warsaw ghetto 3 months of fighting with over 2000 nazi soldiers eliminated
Jewish women would also fight in the partisans
from caring for the soldiers to actively engaging in combat
Racism in Billings Montana in 1990s
hate groups organized antisemitic and racist violence against the people, the town reorganized and fought back against them
elastic band of antisemitism
hate stretches far in both directions
choiceless choices
having the illusion of having a choice to survive there really wasn't a choice
The Dreyfuss Affair
high ranking Jewish officer, wrongly accused of treason; headline news in France, increased antisemitic rhetoric in France.
Many tropes in conspiracy theories against Jewish people repeat
ie: obsession with money, plotting to take over the world
Belsky Brothers saved 1200 jews
in Bellaruse
a common misconception about the Holocaust
is that Jewish people did not fight back
No hyphen in antisemitism
it is the incorrect spelling
Siesta
midday nap
American Jewish Committee (AJC)
one of the oldest Jewish community organizations, referred as the dean of American-Jewish organizations
Pogrom
organized massacre of Jewish people
Jewish soldiers only made up a small portion of partisan fighters
other soldiers would not only make antisemitic comments but actively try to hurt and kill Jewish partisans
Leo Schaffer
parents were partisans in Bilma, Poland for 2 years in the Bilma, Poland unit. Parents were Sarah and Sam Schaffer.
Abraham
partiarch of Islam, Judaism, and Christianity
Echart 8 Retaliations
people dedicated to teach others about the Holocaust
Four Winters
people who went through four winters had extreme endurance
Kosher
permissible, Jewish laws of preparing food
prejudice
prejudging someone based on stereotypes about their identity, preconceived judgement
antisemitism
prejudice or hatred against Jews, the longest hatred
Moses
prophet, freed Jewish people from Egypt, story takes place over the course of Exodus
Holocaust
refers to the murder of 6 million Jews from 1933 to 1945
Monotheism
religion focusing on a singular diety, Islam, Christianity, and Judaism
scapegoat
someone blamed for the wrongdoings of others
Vladka Meed
spied on nazis
Click
term introduced by Jane O Riley in the inaugural issue of Ms. Magazine in December 1971 - described recognizing misogyny in the workplace, how women were always ignored and undermined by their male coworkers.
Old Testament
the 5 Books of Moses, 24 books of the Hebrew Bible
Lateral reading
the act of verifying what you're reading as you're reading it
Usury
the illegal action or practice of lending money at unreasonably high rates of intrest, a common antisemitic stereotype is that Jews are always committing usury
deicide
the killing of Jesus, collectively charging Jewish people with the death of Jesus
Government chicanery
the prisim through which their view of the world is refracted
IBM worked with the nazis
to create a new computer that would list names and residence of Jewish people
The Jewish Foundation for the Rightous
to teach about those who rescued Jews during the Holocaust
Geography
woods and trees were essential in guerilla warfare and sabotaging nazis
Philosemitism
"appreciation of Jews" mostly backhanded
"Belling The Cat"
(From an old fable and Piers Plowman)—The fable tells of a mouse's suggestion to put a bell around the neck if a cat so they could tell when the cat was in the vicinity. However, the question of who was to have the courage to bell the cat was a difficult one because of the inherent danger. Now a person who bells the cat is the person who has courage to stick his neck out for his friends despite putting himself at risk.