HOA 4 CHapter 5, post war and contemporary period
Republic Act 545, "
"An Act to Regulate the Practice of Architecture in the Philippines."
e Philippine Architects Society (PAS)
(PAS) extablished in 1933
MalacanangtiAmianan
(The Malacañang Palace of the North), a historical house museum built by the family of former president Ferdinand Marcos
Entertainment City (
(also known as Bagong Nayong Pilipino -) or previously Manila Bay Tourism City isAsia's Las Vegas-like gamingand entertainment complex that is underway by PAGCOR on 8km²of land on the reclamation area of Manila Bay, Philippines as envisioned by the Philippine Amusement& Gaming Corporation in 2002
Cultural Center of the Philippines Complex sanctuary of the Filipino soul."
**** was built on reclaimed land in Pasay City as the ***
Jesus: The way, the truth, the life Church
-Church located within the SM Mall of Asia comple
Bahay Kubo Mansion
-In May 2008, National artist for architecture Francisco Mañosa, designer of the Coconut Palace, built his own two-storey Bahay Kubo mansion in Ayala Alabang Village, a wealthy suburb south of Manila. With only 3posts or "haligi", it has five one-inch coconut shell doors, a "silong", Muslim room, sala, and master's bedroom with a fish pond therei
Skyscrapers
-buildings with a height of 500feet or more
BUNGALOW
-introduced in 1948; one-storey house with wide picture windows, a lanai and a carport for up to three cars
CesarConcio'sInsularLife Building
-the 1stoffice building to surpass the old 30-meter height restriction
MAPUA,TOMASBAUTISTA
-the first registered architect in the Philippines and worked with the Bureau of Public Work -his most enduring contribution is the Mapua institute of Technology, which is the oldest architectural school in the country
"New Society"
. However, in the *****Marcos's cronies and his wife, former movie actress Imelda Romualdez-Marcos, wilfully engaged in rampant corruption.
"folk architecture."
. Several churches, public buildings and parks were restored and a lot of projects from slum upgrading to monumental edifices using the new architectural formula called
Bataan Nuclear Power Plant
. Under a regime of martial law, Philippine President Ferdinand Marcos in July 1973 announced the decision to build a nuclear power plant. This was response to the 1973 oil crisis, as the Middle East oil embargo had put a heavy strain on the Philippine economy, and Marcos believed nuclear power to be the solution to meeting the country's energy demands and decreasing dependence on imported oil.
MAPUA Institute of Technology in 1925 and the University of Santo Tomas' School of Architecture in 1930.
2 schools founded in post wqar period
Soft Modernism
:Church of the Holy Sacrifice, and Phil Atomic Research Center
a. FEU Admi, Science Bldg.7 Main Bldg. b. Philippine National Bank c. Manila Railroad Co., d. IDEAL Theater, Rizal Ave. e. Bel Air Apartments, Roxas Blvd. f. Manila Polo Club g. Capt. Luis Gonzaga Bldg., Rizal Ave., & Carriedo
ANTONIO, PABLO SEBERO FAMOUS WORKS a-g
a. Times Theater, Quezon Blvd., Mia. b. Manila Doctor's Hospital, U.N.Ave. c. Makati Medical Center d. Santa Catalina College, Legarda, Mia.
ARANETA,LUISMARIA ZARAGOSA FAMOUS WORKS
Legislative Bldg. (Now Housing Senate & Natl. Museum) on Agrifina Circle -neoclassicism b. Post Office Bldg at Liwasang Bonifacio c. Villamor Hall at the U.P. Taft Ave. d. Metropolitan Theater (Restored by Otilio Arellano)
ARELLANO,JUAN DE GUZMAN FAMOUS WORKS
a. NBI Nat'l. Bureau of Investigation, Taft Ave. b. Sining Kayumanggi at the Mehan Gardens c. Palacio del Governador, Intramuros d. Restoration of Metropolitan Theater e. PSBA, Aurora Blvd., Q.C. f. RCBC Bldg., Buendia Ave., Makati g. San Juan Municipal Ctr.N.Domingo St., San Juan
ARELLANO,OTILLOA FAMOUS WORKS
a. Ateneo de Manila Campus, Loyola Heights, Q.C. b. Philam Life Building, U.N.Ave. c. Manila Pavilion (former Mia.Hilton )U.N.Ave., Mla. d. Holiday Inn, Roxas Blvd. e. Philippine Nat'l. Bank, Escolta Mla. f. Development Bank of the Phil. Makati g. Chronicle Broadcasting Network Studio, Q.C. h. 600Units Philam Life Homes, Q.C.
ARGUELLES,CARLOS D FAMOUS WORKS
Felipe Mendoza Batasang Pambansa • TheChurch of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints Development Academy of the Philippines • Philippine Veterans Bank in Manil
Also, a Physical Planner • He formed a partnership with Gabino de Leon and Homero Ingles but formed his own architectural firm in 1951. Awards: • Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan, 1970 • PRC Outstanding Architect of the Year, 1977
Divine Mercy Shrine
Archdiocesan Shrine of Divine Mercy is a church, Catholic Church located at May silo Circle, Brgy. Plainview, Mandaluyong City in Mandaluyong City.
EARLY MODERNISM
Around 1900 a number of architects and designers around the world began developing new solutions to integrate traditional precedents (classicism or Gothic, for instance) with new technological possibilities
a. Baguio City Planning b. Burnham Park, Baguio City c. Manila Hotel Landscape d. Army-Navy Club Landscapings e. Phil. General Hospital Landscape f. Post Office Landscape g. Galaxy Theater, Rizal Ave.
BURNHAM,DANIEL HUDSON FAMOUS WORKS
Alfredo J. Luz Quisumbing Building • World Health Organization located at UN Ave. Manila
Brother of NationalArtist for Sculpture Arturo J. Luz. • AJ Luzwas at the cutting edge of Philippine modernismin the late '50s and early '60s. • His body of work includes the Menzi Building on Ayala Avenue;the Amon Trading building on Buendia, the L & S Building on RoxasBlvd., Dewey Blvd., Manila, and the Fil-Oil Refinery Service Building in Limay, Bataan
a. U.P. Diliman 's Palma & Melchor Halls. b. Protestant Chapel & Fellowship Center, U.P. c. U.P College of Forestry Bldg., Los Banos d. Insular Life Idg., Makati e. Children's Memorial Hospital, Q.C. f. Mother of Perpetual Help, Baclaran g. Union Church of Manila
CONCIO,CESAR HOMERO FAMOUS WORKS
a. Shoemart Bldgs. In Manila b. Mindanao State University Bldg., Marawi City c. Central Luzon State University Bldgs, Nueva Ecija d. Nat'l. Science Dev't. Bldg. Complex, Taguig Mla e. Atomic Research Center Complex,Q.C f. Asian Dev't Bank (Now Dep't of Foreign Affairs,P.C.) g. Colgate Palmolive Phils., Inc. h. Proj.in,Guam, Taipei, Taiwan Vietnam & Saudi
DECASTRO,CRESENCIANOCRUZ
Federico Ilustre Cesar Homero Concio, Sr. Angel E. Nakpil Angel E. Nakpil Alfredo J. Luz Otillo Arellano Otillo Arellano FelipeMendoza GabrielFormoso CarlosArguelles
FILIPINO ARCHITECTS DURING POST WAR PERIOD
"Filipino culture shall be preserved and developed for national identity";
Filipino art and culture was institutionalized during the martial law regime when in 1973 the Constitution stated that **** therefore the "arts and letters shall be under the patronage of the State.
Cesar Homero Concio, Sr. Melchor Hall, University of the Philippines, Diliman • TheChurch of the Risen Lord located at the University of the Philippines, Diliman, QuezonCity
First University Architect of the University of the Philippines. -Heis also one of the architects selected by President Roxas in 1947to study the trends in Architecture and Engineering to design the buildings of the Capital City
Imelda R. Marcos
Government support for the arts was shown in the architecture and other cultural institutions commissioned by the first lady,
Otillo Arellano Philippine Pavilion 1964,New York • National Bureau of Investigation\ Headquarters Taft Avenue, Ermita, Manila, Philippines
He is the son of Arcadio Arellano and the nephew of Juan Arellano. • He rose into the Architectural Profession during the 50sto 60s. • He was also chosen by Imelda Marcos to restore the Metropolitan Theater. Awards: • Patnubay ng Sining at Kalinangan, 1970 • PRC Outstanding Architect of the Year, 197
CarlosArguelles Philam Life Building, U.N Ave. St. Ermita Manila • International Rice Research Institute(IRRI) in Los Banos
He studied abroad • He served as a professor in Design at the UST College of Architecture and Fine Arts. • Appointment as Dean of the UST College of Architecture and Fine Arts from 1954to 1959. • American Institute of Architects(AIA) and the Philippine Institute of Architects(PIA)
HACIENDA LUISITA 11barangays in Tarlac City, La Paz 6 C0DC9 Cİ0n Town, Tarlac FrovinCe 5,453hectares
How big is Hacienda Luisita
Modernism
In 1946, the independent Philippines expressed its identity by implementing ******through the utilization of reinforced concrete, steel and glass, the predominance of cubic forms, geometric shapes and Cartesian grids, and the absence of applied decoration.
1947 master plan for Manila.
In 1947 a corps of architects and engineers were tasked to study the modern US and Latin American capitals and formulate a *****
Presidential Decree 223, creating the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC)
In June 1973, President Ferdinand E. Marcos issued***** creating the **** regulating all professions and accrediting only one organization to represent each profession
Bonafide Professional Organization of Architects
It became the ******upon receiving Accreditation Number 001 from the Professional Regulation Commission. Thus, UAP was the first professional organization recognized by the Republic.
the poet of space, known for his lyrical articulation of space as defined by stark modernity, spatial purity, expansive strength, distinct outlines and straightforward geometry heproduced 71residences, 81buildings and sultanate palace
LOCSINLEANDROVALENCIA
a. Legarda Elementary School- French renaissance b. Malacanang Palace, San Miguel, Mla. c. San Vicente de Paul Chapel, Sn Marcelino, Mla. d. Rafael Fernandez House -French renaissance and official residence of Corazon Aquino during her presidency
LUNA deSANPEDRO ,ANDRES
a. San Miguel Corporation Head Office, Mandaluyong b. Tahanang Pilipino at the CCP Complex Roxas blvd. - (Coconut Palace); a luxurious guesthouse at the CCP Complex.It showcased a double roof reminiscent of the salakot (a wide brimmed hat) and swing-out (naka-tukod) window borrowed from the bahay kubo c. Shrine of Our Lady Queen of Peace, EDSA d. Mary Immaculate Parish Church, Las Pinas, Rizal e. Quezon Memorial Circle, Q.C. f. Landscaping of Corregidor Island
MANOSA,FRANCISCO TRONQUED
a. MIT b. De la Salle university Bldgs., Taft - classical revivalist influences c. Nurse's home at the PGH.,Taft- Italian renaissance d. J.Mapua Memorial hall, Intramuros
MAPUA,TOMASBAUTISTA
Benigno "Ninoy Aquino,
Marcos chief political rival, Liberal Party leader ***** . Was jailed by Marcos for eight years and was assassinated as he disembarked from an airplane at the Manila International Airport on August 21, 1983,
September 21, 1972, and did not lift it until January 17, 1981.
Marcos declared martial law on *****and did not lift it until *****
"UPSILON SIGMA PHILIPPINE".
Marcos joined to Fraternity
SECOND declaration of martial law in 1972
Marcos' second term was marked by economic turmoil brought about by factors both external and internal, a restless student body who demanded educational reforms, a rising crime rate, and a growing Communist insurgency, among other things. Violent protesting continued over the next few years until the ****
a. Nat'l. press Club Bldg., Magallanes Drive, Mla. b. Former Head Office of PLDT, Makati c. Picache Bldg.Plaza Miranda Qpo. (1st High Rise Bldg) d. Lopez Museum Bldg., Pasay
NAKPIL,ANGELE. SANCHO
Angel E. Nakpil The National Press Club building
Nephew of architect and national artist of the Philippines Juan Nakpil. • He graduated from the UST in 1931. •Harvard-trained architect. • He served as the City Planning Commissioner of Manila during the post-war reconstruction years, from 1947-1949. • He was a charter member of the United Architects of the Philippines, which was founded in 1975.
- Mediocre design, uncontrolled and hasty rebuilding only resurrected old designs - Commercial building drew inspiration from contemporary architecture in the West Modern architecture with a renewed interest in Filipino motifs a. use of pointed roofs, lattices, screens, wood carvings b. architecture of LEANDRO LOCSIN and FRANCISCO MANOSA
POST-WAR ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTERISTICS
"palingenesis"
President Marcos nurtured a myth for what historians termed as ****,a form of utopianism which evokes the idea of rebirth or spiritual regeneration
Our Lady of Annunciation Parish Church:
Shrine of the Incarnation is a parish church located at St. Dominic III Subdivision, Mindanao Avenue, Barangay Tandang Sora, QuezonCity 1116,Philippines. It is part of the RomanCatholic Church under the Pope. Theparish was founded in 1992by Jaime Cardinal Sin, who also installed Jaime M. Zurbano, Jr. as the first parish priest. Thename Our Lady of the Annunciation was suggested by Msgr.Arsenio Bautista
Philippine International Convention Center Philippine Heart Center Lung Center of the Philippines Bataan Nuclear Power Plan
Structures or Buildings During Marcos Term
"edifice complex"
The ******** is a syndrome which plagues an individual, nation, or corporate institution with an obsession and compulsion to build edifices as a hallmark of greatness, as a signifier of national prosperity, as a conveyor of an individual's status or as a projection of a corporate image
Space Age aesthetics and Soft Modernism
The 1950'salso witnessed ****, which experimented with the sculptural plasticity of poured concrete to come up with soft and sinuous organic forms with the use of thin shell technology.
PhilippineGeneralHospital AdministrationBuilding Arch. J. Ramos
The Philippine General Hospital Administration Building is situated along Taft Avenue in Manila. It was built by architect William E. Parsons in neo-classic style that follows the Daniel Burnham plan for Manila. In 1981, First Lady Imelda R. Marcos commissioned **** to undertake the master planning of the PGH renovation project
the Philippine Institute of Architects, The League of Philippine Architects e Association of Philippine Government Architects
The UAP was formed through the "unification of three architectural organizations:
Quezon Memorial Monument -
The centerpiece is the 65-meter-highArt Deco Quezon Memorial Monument, composed of 3pylons topped by winged figures representing the 3island groups
Antipolo Church
The image of "Our Lady of Peace and Good Voyage" has been venerated in the church of Antipolo for centuries. The old church that housed the virgin was destroyed in February 1945when the Americans bombed Antipolo as part of the liberation campaign of Manila. In 1954,a new church was built designed by the renowned Filipino architect Jose de Ocampo. This church is of a cupolaed design centered on the image of the Virgin. It functions as the center point of the pilgrimages to Antipolo
Andres Luna de San Pedro, Juan Nakpil, Fernando Ocampo, and Pablo Antonio
The modern architecture in the Philippines began with ------------, who were foreign-educated and introduced new design languages
Cultural Center of the Philippines complex
The most distinguished infrastructure under Marcos regime was
"formfollows function" CesarConcio, Angel Nakpil, Alfredo Luz , Otillo Arellano, Felipe Mendoza , Gabriel Formoso and CarlosArguelles.
The post-war doctrine was*****professedby the "3rdgeneration" architects, namely,*****
The Philippine Heart Center Philippine Children's Medical Center National Kidney and Transplant Institute Lung Center of the Philippines
The/****** was established on February 14, 1975 with Dr. Avelino Aventura as director. Second, the******** was built in 1979. Then in 1983, the ****** was set up. This was soon followed by the *****, which was constructed under the guidance of Health Minister Dr. Enrique Garci
e the brise-soleil,glasswalls, pierced screens, and thin concrete shells.
The1950'sand 60's staple architectural element were
clean lines, bold masses, imaginative use of materials, and adaptation to local conditions.
Their works included
"isang bansa, isang diwa."
They attempted to create a singular national identity under the catchphrase
s (stone bust, Si Malakas at si Maganda, murals as Inang Bayan, Sto. Nino shrine in Leyte, San Juanico Bridge, the book Tadhana
They presented themselves as parental figures and they have various self-glorifying projects in the form of sculptural landmarks and allegorical paintings examples are;
Space Age
Victor Tiotuycos'sUP International Center and Jose Zaragoza'sUnion Church
"New Republic"
When martial law was lifted in 1981 and a******proclaimed, little had actually changed, and Marcos easily won re-election
Cardinal Jaime Sin and key military leaders including Minister of Defense Juan Ponce Enrile acting Chief of Staff of the Armed Forces Lieutenant General Fidel V. Ramos
When the Marco s dominated National Assembly proclaimed Marcos the winner,****** rallied around the apparent majority vote winner, Aquino's widow, Corazon Cojuangco Aquino
r Republic Act No. 9266
With the passing of the new architecture law UAP becomes the IAPOA or the Integrated Accredited Professional Organization of Architects
The People Power Movement-
a popular uprising of priests, nuns, ordinary citizens, and children, supported by defecting military units-ousted Marcos on the day of his inauguration (February 25, 1986) and brought Aquino to power in an almost bloodless revolution.
CoconutPalace
also known as Tahanang Pilipino (Filipino Home), is a mansion of the Philippine Government on the campus of the Cultural Center of the Philippines, in Manila, the Philippines. It was commissioned in 1978 by former First Lady Imelda Marcos's a 16 government guest house. It was designed and constructed by Architect Francisco Mañosa.
Late Modernism or Structural Expressionism,
an architectural style that emerged in the 1970s, incorporating elements of high-tech industry and technology into building design. High-tech architecture appeared as a revamped modemism; an extension of those previous ideas helped by even more technological advance
Metropolitan Theater (Restored by Otilio Arellano)
colorist art deco, considered as the zenith of Art Deco aesthetics in the Philippines, exterior and interior exhibit locally mediated approaches such as detailing: tropical fruits and flora motifs, bamboo banister railings, carved banana and mango ceiling relief, and Batik mosaic patterns.
AngelNakpil's12-storey PicacheBuilding
considered as the 1stskyscraper in the Phils. - the 1stoffice building to surpass the old 30-meter height restriction
Federico Ilustre Quezon Memorial Monument
consulting architect from the 1950'sto 1970's, worked on the building at the Elliptical Road in Q.C. • He started his career as a draftsman for Juan Nakpil. • He graduated from Mapua Institute of Technology. • He passed his licensure examinations in 193.
irregular or unusually shaped frame, an open floor plan, oversized windows, and the use of "green" and repurposed components
contemporary homes typically include an *****. Such homes also often have an organic design, fitting into the surrounding space and meeting an immediate need in the area.
SanJuanicoBridge
e (or the Marcos Bridge) is part of the Pan-Philippine Highway and stretches from Samar to Leyte .Its longest length is a steel girder viaduct built on reinforced concrete piers, and its main span is of an arch- shaped truss design. With a total length of 2.16 kilometers (1.34 mi), it is the longest bridge in the Philippines spanning a body of seawater.
Parish of the Holy Sacrifice
e is the landmark Catholic chapel in the University of the Philippines Diliman. recognized as a National Historical Landmark and a Cultural Treasure by the National Historical Institute and the National Museum respectively. Five National artists collaborated on the project. National Artist for Architecture, Leandro Locsin. Alfredo Juinio served as the structural engineer for the project. Around the chapel are fifteen large murals painted by Vicente Manansala depicting the Stations of the Cross. Themarble altar and the large wooden cross above it were sculpted by Napoleon Abueva. Themosaic floor mural called the "River of Life" was designed by Arturo Luz.
ManilaFilmCenter
is a national building located at the southwest end of the Cultural Center of the Philippines complex in Pasay City, Philippines. The structure was designed by architect Froilan Hong served as the main theater for the First Manila International Film Festival (MIFF) January 18-29, 1982. The building has also been the subject of controversies due to an accident that happened during the final stages of its construction in 1981.
Pantabangan Dam
is an earth-fill embankment dam on the Pampanga River located in Pantabangan in Nueva Ecija province of the Philippines. The multi-purpose dam provides water for irrigation and hydroelectric power generation while its reservoir, Pantabangan Lake, affords flood control. The reservoir is considered one of the largest in Southeast Asia and also one of the cleanest in the Philippines. Construction on the dam began in 1971 and it was complete in 1977
UAP or the United Architects of the Philippines
is the Official Voice for Architects throughout the country
TheAraneta Coliseum,
known as The Big Dome, is an indoor multi-purpose sports arena located in the Cubao area of QuezonCity, Philippines. It is one of the largest coliseums and indoor facilities in Asia, and it is also one of the largest clear span domes in the world
Julio Nalundasan.
marcos sr. is arrested when he was a 4 th year of His course because he was accused of killing
North Luzon Expressway and the Maharlika Highway,
marcos' first term was marked with increased industrialization and the creation of solid infrastructure nationwide
Gabriel Formoso Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas • La Tondena Building
started his career in the 1950'sand by the 1960's,he was already successful and became the most popular architect of the residences of the posh Makati villages. -he was also one of the people selected in 1963to the planning and working committee for the future Pamantasan ng Lungsod ng Maynila
TheChurch of the Gesù
the RomanCatholic church of the Ateneo de Manila University campus in QuezonCity in the Philippines. The landmark was designed by Jose Pedro Recio and Carmelo Casas
Contemporary architecture
the building style of the present day. Examples do not necessarily have similar or easily recognizable features, however, because the "style" is really quite varied and has a number of different influences
Juan Carlos Eugene Soler
the only Filipino to win the prestigious Glass Architectural Design Competition in Tokyo, Japa
LUNA deSANPEDRO ANDRES
the son of the great Filipino painter Juan Luna
Modern urban dwellings
typically 2 story structures with a concrete ground floor, sides of brick, concrete blocks, or wooden slats, and an iron roof.
Ferdinand Emmanuel Edralin Marcos, Sr.
was a Filipino Layer and Politician who served as 10th President of the Philippines From 1965 to 1986
The National Press Club building
was inaugurated on December 30,1955,with President Magsaysay as sponsor, along with several cabinet members and other government officials and other donors.
