Honors World II Semester 2 Final

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What is a Laissez-Faire government?

"leave alone"; policy of letting private businesses set working conditions/policies without government interference

What are the three critical attributes of Absolutism?

1) complete and centralized power 2) no checks and balances 3) the divine right to rule

How many Americans died of disease during the American Revolution?

10,000

During what years did the French and Indian War take place?

1754-1763

During what years was there British taxation placed on colonists?

1763-1767

In what year was the Boston Massacre?

1770

In what year were the Intolerable Acts passed?

1774

In what year was the Battle of Bunker Hill?

1775

In what year were the Battles of Lexington and Concord?

1775

In what year did Thomas Paine write Common Sense?

1776

In what year was the Declaration of Independence approved by Congress?

1776

In what year(s) were the Battles of Trenton and Princeton?

1776-1777

In what year was the Battle of Yorktown?

1781

In what year was the Treaty of Paris signed and the American Revolution ended?

1783

When did imperialism happen?

1815-1914

When did Haiti achieve independence?

1820

Approximately how many Americans were lost in combat during the war?

6,200

How many Americans died as British prisoners during the American Revolution?

8,500

"My ambition, is no less than to convert the British people through nonviolence and thus make them see the wrong they have done to India." - Mahatma Gandhi 18. What does the above quote say about the mindset of the Indian independence movement? a. Peaceful protests, wanted to prove their point through words rather than violence b. India wanted Britain to totally surrender to them c. India wanted to take over Britain through a nonviolent take-over d. Both B and C

1. Looking at this map of the Mughal Empire overtime, what may have led to the decline of the Empire? a. The empire reached its maximum size and was too large to be controlled b. Invaders from the north were easily able to capture empires along the coast c. The Mughal Empire had many different ethnic groups d. There weren't enough natural resources for the large population to survive

11. What had the biggest impact on independence in Southeast Asian colonies? a. Nationalism b. Slave Labor c. Imperialism d. Colonialism

11. What is a good title for this map? a. Spheres of influence in China b. Chinese provinces c. Favorite colors in Chinese provinces d. Regions of total control in China

12. In 1851, the Gold Rush happened in ________ a. Eastern Australia b. Northern Australia c. Western Australia d. Southern Australia

12. What year did Egypt gain its independence from Britain? a. 1952 b. 1831 c. They never gained their independence d. 1999

12. Why did the Reformists return after Ci Xi's return as emperor? a. She had traditional Confucian thoughts b. She was mean and scary c. They didn't like her d. She wanted to join forces with the foreigners

13. How did the not British politically shape Indian Government today? a. Creating the multiparty system b. Established Parliament c. Established the Indian Administrative Service d. United the Judicial System

13. What was the most significant negative cultural impact of imperialism on Southeast Asia? a. Plantation system, which had a long- term effect on the social hierarchy in Southeast Asia b. Spice trade c. Slave Labor d. Increased taxes

14. How did Indian nationalism socially impact the Indian independence movement? a. Indians united against the British b. Indians all began speaking the same language c. Government was split between Muslims and Hindus d. All Indians rejected Western values and ideas

14. Who were the Young Turks? a. Liberal reformist group in the Ottoman Empire b. Young school boys from Persia who fought against Westernization c. Armenian children who were killed in the Armenian Genocide d. College students in the Ottoman Empire who were forced to work in mines under imperial rule

15. Why were the "Righteous Harmonious Fists" were called the Boxers? a. The colonials saw them practicing their martial arts and called them "Boxers" b. The colonials, in order to insult them, called them a breed of dogs c. The colonials thought they were fat so called they called them boxes/"Boxers" d. They were low class workers who worked in a packaging facility

17. What was the initial goal of the Ottoman Public Debt Administration, and what was its actual effect? a. Goal: Ottomans pay off debt to Europeans Actual effect: European dominance and exploitation of Ottoman economy b. Goal: Europeans aid Ottomans in economic reform Actual effect: Collapse of Ottoman economy c. Goal: Internal Ottoman reform Actual effect: Ottomans become powerful nation in European affairs d. Goal: Dissolution of the Ottoman economy and transfer of power to Europeans Actual effect: Ottoman revolution against European involvement

18. 190,000 natives were killed by settlers and _______ a. Disease b. Alcoholism c. Struggle d. All of the Above

18. What was the most important direct impact of the introduction of western education in Southeast Asia? a. Inspired nationalism b. Increased taxes and worsened conditions c. More people able to work d. None of the above

2. Mahatma Gandhi said, "Our ability to reach unity in diversity will be the beauty and the test of our civilization." What can be concluded about diversity's impact on Indian imperialism? a. India's great diversity resulted in very individualized and seperate regions, allowing Britain to invade easily b. India had many different places of worship so Britain declared their superiority by burning all the different temples c. India lacked diversity so they easily united and defended their territory d. None of the above

2. What are the 3 motivations for imperialism? a. Gold, god, and glory b. Land, resources, riches c. Gold, greatness, resources d. None of the above

20. Why do you think Laos saw less resistance to French colonization? a. The population was too densely spread apart to unite against the French b. They enjoyed being a French colony c. Laos wasn't colonized d. The people of Laos didn't have any weapons

21. Which of the following descriptions BEST describes the trade between China and Britain PRE Opium War: a. China had more power due to their vast and desirable resources that were in high demand in Britain b. Britain had more power due to their strong military resources that were able to overpower the Chinese c. China and Britain shared an equal amount of power d. None of the above

21. Who claimed Australia and New Zealand for Britain? a. Captain James Cook b. Jared Diamond c. Explorer John Locke d. Lieutenant Robinson Crusoe

22. What were the ethnic groups in India like at the time? a. Disunified and culturally separated b. Unified together c. Just developed the ideas of Nationalism d. Single ethnic group

23. Why did most major Southeast Asian settlements settle on the Red River? a. It made trade very easy b. It helped crops grow c. People just happened to settle around it d. People needed a freshwater supply

24. What did the British call the indigenous people of Australia? a. Aborigines b. Kooris c. Māori d. Kiwis

24. Why did the Sikhs and Hindus rebel against Mughal rule? a. Lack of cultural unification b. Unnecessary war debt c. Mughal empire lack of interest in trade d. Increased taxes on non-Muslims/poor leadership

25. How did the Armenians feel during the Genocide? a. Angry b. Annoyed c. Desperate d. Excited

25. The treaties between China and various European countries were called the______ a. The Tientsin Treaties b. The Treaties of Paris c. The Treaties of Versailles d. The Hong Kong Treaties

26. Which country colonized Burma and Malaya? a. Britain b. Netherlands c. France d. Portugal

27. Why did Britain respond to Australian demands for self-rule? a. They were worried about interference from other European powers b. They believed it would keep peace between them c. They wanted to gain power from the support of the Australians d. The Australians bribed the British government

27. Why did the British colonize Burma and Malaya? a. They had resources unavailable in b. They were unoccupied c. They were expanding East from India d. The Burmese were similar to Indians

27. Why would the French want to colonize Egypt? a. Trade Potential b. Land mass c. Agriculture d. Religious motives

28. What was the Swadeshi Movement? a. A non-violent movement in which Indians refused to buy any British goods b. A violent raid of all British stores in India c. A non-violent march to the sea for salt to protest the salt tax d. A British movement to quell the Indian rebellion

29. After China's weaknesses were exposed, powerful countries started claiming parts of China. Why did the USA not participate? a. They feared that the European merchants would shut them out b. They supported China and didn't approve of the Europeans taking advantage of them c. They thought that China had few resources to offer d. None of the above

3. What was a major cause of Great Britain invading Persia? a. GB wanted to protect their claims on Persia and India b. GB needed more resources for the Industrial Revolution c. GB wanted to prevent Germany from gaining land d. GB needed warm water ports

31. How many different dialects were spoken among the Australian Aborigines? a. 250 b. 369 c. 563 d. 870

31. Why did the Christians see Islam as a threat? a. Muslim efforts to turn the country into an Islamic state b. Fear of radicals c. Military Presence d. Religious clashes

32. What was the motivation for the colonization of Australia? a. Britain needed more land b. More raw materials c. Trade for exotic plants and animals d. Britain wanted to control all trade around the Indian Ocean

32. Who led the British East India Company a. Josiah Child b. David Attenborough c. Mongkut d. Konbaung

32. Who was Muhammad Ali during the Imperialism era? a. Governor of Egypt b. Olympic Boxer c. Supreme Leader of Iran d. Ottoman Emperor

33. What form of Imperial Rule were Australia and New Zealand put under? a. A Colony b. A Protectorate c. A Sphere of Influence d. Economic Imperialism

34. Why was India separated from Pakistan? a. Because growing tensions between Muslims and Hindus called for a safe place for Muslims b. Because Pakistan was a geographically different place c. Because they wanted a different country for every single religion of India d. Because there was another rebellion against the Indian government

37. Who had the most influence to China? (HINT: Think modern day effects) a. Britain b. Russia c. France d. Japan

37. Why did the Dutch East India Company first arrive in Java and Moluccas? a. They had a large supply of natural resources b. They were the easiest to get to c. Slave labor was easier than everywhere else d. They didn't have the navigation technology to go anywhere else

39. Before the British Government took control of India, what form of imperialism were the Indian Colonies? a. Economic Imperialism b. Sphere of Influence c. Protectorate d. Colony

4. What did the Treaty of Waitangi establish? a. New Zealand was officially a British colony b. British settlers could not take any Maori land c. All Maori must convert to Christianity d. Maori must work for the British settlers

4. Why was the Self-Strengthening Movement unsuccessful? a. The movement was not supported by the Qing government b. The Chinese still didn't want to westernize c. The Europeans stopped the movement d. Anyone who supported the movement was executed

40. How did Siam remain independent? a. Mongkut bargained with the Europeans b. They were not discovered c. Chulalongkorn modernized Siam d. They had a superior military

40. The political cartoon below reveals what about Chinese Imperialism? a. Foreigners wanted to gain as much territory as possible to gain control and spread their influence b. Only wealthy elites were allowed in the decision of dividing China c. Foreigners were eager to exploit the people and resources of China for the benefit of trade d. The Chinese resisted imperialism

41. Why was the Mughal Empire collapsing in the mid-1700s? a. There was a shortage of powerful rulers b. Foreign powers kept killing their military c. They spent money too often on failed ventures d. There were too many strong rulers that fought for power

42. How did Confucianism contribute to the division of opinions on whether China should westernize or not in the 18th and 19th centuries? a. Confucianism called for the preservation of ancient traditions b. Confucianism isn't as cool in the modernized world c. C. It didn't d. D. Vegan dieting is superior to Confucianism

42. What was one of the main motives for colonizing Australia? a. Solution to overcrowded jails in Britain b. Precious metals such as gold and diamond c. To obtain slaves for labor d. To build a new Opera House

42. Why did Russia think that the geographic location of the Ottoman Empire was important? a. Russia wanted to get the access to the Mediterranean Sea by taking territories from the Ottoman Empire b. Russia wanted to get access to the Baltic Sea by getting lands from the Ottoman Empire c. Russia wanted to control the trade with Southern Europe by taking territories from the Ottoman Empire d. All of the above

45. How does this image relate to the initial take over of India by the company? a. The company used its private army to forcefully take over b. The British employed police to enforce British law before invading c. The British government sent troops to help the company d. This photo is not an accurate representation of the interaction between Indians and the company

45. The two pictures above show China before (left) and after (right) imperialism. Why were there more cities along the coast of China after imperialism? a. The spheres of influences called for the production of more ports. As a result, more cities began to grow around the ports. b. Fish trade during colonization skyrocketed, resulting in an increase in ports c. With increased trade, China chose to spend its money on building more cities d. All of the above

46. Who led the Taiping Rebellion? a. Hong Xiuquan b. Pu Yi c. Qin Shi Huang d. Qui-Gon Jinn

47. How many deaths were caused from the Taiping Rebellion a. 20 million b. 30 million c. 20 thousand d. 20

47. What does this map show about how the collapsing Mughal Empire affected the coastal areas of India? a. The coastal regions of India were weakened by the weak leadership of the Mughals b. The central parts of India were stronger than the coasts ever were c. The Mughal empire did not wish to lead such a large empire, so they stopped ruling the coasts d. The coastal regions were more open to strong foreign economies due to a weak domestic economy

47. What were the effects of the New Zealand Wars on the natives? a. Land loss, population decline, devastation of economy b. Return of stolen lands, population increase, boosted economy c. Loss of rights, political hostility, divide between natives and settlers d. Social acceptance, loss of political power, New Zealand independence

47. Why did many colonial leaders shut down schools in Southeast Asia? a. The government was worried about the repercussions of an educated class b. Many teachers taught material considered controversial c. Schools were biased towards their cultural heritage, denouncing colonization d. Schools were not at a quality suitable to western standards and needed reforms

48. What were the four points Britain maintained after Egypts independence in 1922? a. i. The security of communications ii. Defence iii. The protection of foreign interests. iv. The Sudan. b. i. Security of trade ii. Security of travel iii. Security of defence iv. Kenya c. i. Defence ii. Protection from foreign powers. iii. Training and maintaining the Egyptian Navy. iv. Mediterranean ports. d. i. Internal Administration ii. British monarch as head of state iii. Suez canal zone iv. Sinai

49. The image above shows what action? a. Imperialism b. War c. Industrialization d. Commercialism

50. After British Parliament took control, what was India solely used for? a. British economic gain b. British military bases c. An easier route to trade with the spice islands d. A source of slaves

50. How was New Zealand independence won? a. Through many small steps b. New Zealand governors revolt against the British c. Lower-class uprising d. War between the British and New Zealand for independence

51. What was the primary motive for colonization? a. Economy b. Political c. Social d. Land

51. Why would Britain not want to directly invade Egypt? a. To ensure that the Soviets did not get involved in the defense of Egypt and lead to a world war. b. Because it would dishonor the nation and put Britain on bad terms with America their main ally. c. Because Britain still had informal control of Egypt and a direct invasion would lead to international outcry. d. To ensure that Britain could maintain good relations with their former colonies.

52. Vietnamese debate over the institution of Confucianism led to which of the following: a. Tay Son Rebellion b. The August Revolution c. Cần Vương Movement d. Trần Cao Rebellion

52. What is a problem that has affected Egypt since the Ottoman Empire? a. Nationalism b. Suez canal leading to conflicts. c. Inconsistency in the flow of the Nile. d. Multiple dictatorships

52. What was the main difference between Australian and New Zealand government? a. Australia is a federal parliament, New Zealand has only one parliament b. Australia has four branches of government c. New Zealand is a full democracy d. Australia has a written constitution

52. Why did famines and food shortages occur in the late 1800s in India? a. After a population growth, pressure from the British for farmers to grow cash crops led to an extreme shortage of food within India. b. There were droughts c. The Sepoy rebellion destroyed farmland d. The British kept torching farmland

53. How did Britain gain so much wealth from China? a. They were selling large amounts of opium for lots of money b. They were stealing money from small shops c. They would make unfair trades with China d. They would trade fake opium which was a lot cheaper

54. What caused Southeast Asian leaders to push for reform? a. Intermittent wars and growing instability led leaders to look to strengthen, centralize, and reform their nations through traditional and new policies b. Southeast Asian rulers saw Christianity as a major threat and tried to pass laws to outlaw missionaries c. Industrialization had led to the premature loss of live among a growing working class d. None of the above

55. How does 'terra nullis' translate to English? a. "No man's land" b. "Wasteland" c. "Null lands" d. "Australia"

55. What document was created to persuade Persia into giving concessions? a. Anglo-Russian Entente b. Tehran Declaration c. Treaty of Turkmenchay d. Treaty of Adrianople

56. Britain was experiencing a __________ whereas China was experiencing a ___________ before Britain starting to sell opium. a. Trade deficit, trade surplus b. Flourishing economy, poor economy c. Stagnant economy, economic decline d. Trade surplus, trade deficit

57. What do each of these animals represent? What are the larger animals doing? a. The animals represent Persia, Russia, and Britain, and the larger ones are keeping "Persia" under close guard b. The animals represent France, Britain, and Persia, and the bear (Russia) is trying to take all of "Persia" for itself c. The animals represent the world and the unequal distribution of power within it, and the European powers are exploiting others with said influence d. The Animals represent the differences in influence each county has, and the larger and more influential countries are crushing Persia with their power

58. French Indo-China was comprised of: a. Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia b. India and China c. France, India, and China d. Laos, Cambodia, and Burma

6. Originally, what was the Dutch V.O.C most interested in Southeast Asia? a. Economic resources b. Spice trade c. Spreading Christianity d. Nationalism

6. True or false, Islamic reform movements originating in the Ottoman Empire are still influential in some parts of Asia today. a. True b. False

6. Who were the first Europeans to reach Australia? a. The Dutch b. Spanish c. British d. Germans

60. True or False: Russia colonized bits of northern China. a. True b. False

60. What happened to areas directly controlled by British rule, still in effect today? a. These areas have low accessibility to schools, health centers, and roads. b. They are more advanced c. They have more English speakers d. They have more trade and thriving industries

7. True or false, the Ottoman Empire was already weakening before European countries started seizing portions of land for spheres of influence. a. True b. False

8. How did India being fragmented help the British take control? a. British were able use the individual clans against each other b. The clans were unstable and weak c. Clans were eager to leave India and join Britain d. All of the above

8. True or false, Egypt gained its independence from the Ottoman Empire in the 1830s and remained independent until British imperialism began. a. True b. False

9. Predict what would happen if the Taiping had won the rebellion. a. They would be fully against the westernization of China b. They would have made an effort to westernize China c. They would have shut off China from the rest of the world d. They would have merged with Japan

9. What were the Indigenous people of New Zealand called? a. The Maori b. The Aborigines c. Zealanders d. Kooris

Based on the following map answer the question: 47. Why was the Suez canal and hence Egypt, an important location for the British Empire? a. Britain would want to control the Suez canal to provide a link to its empire. b. Ensuring the French did not have control of the Suez canal giving them easy access to Asia. c. Creating a continuous colony running from North to South Africa. d. Britain would want to control the canal because it would limit Ottoman power in Egypt.

Who were the Green Mountain Boys?

A group of a few hundred American patriots in the early American Revolutionary years who tried to raise havoc against the British and seize important military locations for America.

What was The Crisis?

A new pamphlet written by Thomas Paine to stir up renewed passion for the war effort.

What was the Olive Branch Petition?

A peaceful last-chance petition produced by the Second Continental Congress asking King George III to end the quarrel. King George did not agree to it.

18. What were the main religions in China prior to European Imperialism? Bubble all that apply. a. Buddhism b. Daoism c. Confucianism d. Christianity e. Hinduism

ABC

What was Fort Ticonderoga?

An old British fort full of weapons in southern Lake Champlain, NY, taken over by Americans Ethan Allen and Benedict Arnold.

When did Cornwallis move the army to Yorktown?

April 1781

How did African American slaves fit into the picture during the American Revolutionary war?

At first, they were banned from the Continental Army; Washington didn't want it to just be a runaway slave haven. However, Britain was promising freedom to all who joined their side. Washington changed his mind due to a shortage of volunteers, and many slaves joined the American side. The declaration also led white people to question beliefs. By the end of the revolution, Vermont, Connecticut, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Pennsylvania had taken steps to end slavery.

What happened at the battle of Trenton?

At night on Christmas 1776, Washington crossed the icy Delaware River in small boats to capture 868 prisoners (Hessian mercenaries) at Trenton. They surrendered, with no casualties on either side. Washington captured another 300 troops at Princeton, NJ.

"The French entered the city like a torrent rushing through the alleys and streets without anything stopping them, like demons of the Devil's army...the French trod in the mosque carrying swords and rifles...they plundered whatever they found...they treated the Quranic volumes as trash...they soiled the mosque blowing their spit in it, pissing and defecating in it. They guzzled wine and smashed bottles in the central court." Abd al Rahman al-Jabarti, 1798 26. The Egyptians thought the French were ________. a. Civil people b. Savages c. Anxious and quiet d. Ambitious people

"We are not now a country of Africa, but a country of Europe" -Ismail Pasha 19. What best describes the meaning of this quote? a. Colonized African countries peacefully assimilated into European culture b. Imperialization stripped many countries of their culture in the name of colonization c. In the 1900s Egypt elected to become a part of Europe d. None of the above

1. What does this political cartoon represent? a. America wanted to share China with the other European powers already there b. America wanted to stop the conflict for trading rights and set up free trade c. The European powers wanted to cut up America as well as China d. America wanted all of China to itself

1. What was not a reason for tension in the Ottoman Empire before imperialism? a. Reform movement b. Armenian Genocide c. Pressure to Westernize d. Provincial rulers increasing their own power

10. "I am prepared to die, but there is no cause for which I am prepared to kill." - Gandhi Based on this quote, what was Gandhi's main strategy to gain independence? a. Helping Indians get weapons to fight the British b. Helping Indians fight against the British in a peaceful manner c. Leading India's armies to fight the British d. Both a and c

10. Australia was not very ________ a. Isolated b. Compacted c. Distant d. Strong

11. What discovery in Persia increased foreign interest in the land? a. Fossils b. Oil c. Coal deposits d. Diamonds

12. Which of these was not an economic impact of British colonialism in India? a. Famines b. Surplus of cash crops for Indians to sell European superpowers c. Drain of wealth to Britain d. Handmade goods industry collapsed due to rise of British manufacture goods e. Collapse of former economy

13. Why would have the Western powers choose the coast of China to conquer? a. To make houses with beaches b. To establish profiting ports c. They liked China d. They wanted to ruin the water around China by polluting it

14. What started the Sino-Japanese War? a. Britain's demand for tea b. Japan's pressure on China to cede Korea c. European nation's pressure on China d. The spheres of influence carved by European powers

15. Why is India so economically underdeveloped in today's market? a. The agricultural toll on land left by Akbar's demand for cash crops b. The drain of wealth to Britain leaving India poor and low on resources c. Both A and B d. None of the Above

16. When did explorer James Cook claim Australia for Britain? a. 1755 b. 1770 c. 1798 d. 1789

17. What does this political cartoon portray? a. England, Germany, France, Italy and Japan are eating pizza and China thinks that they are not getting even pieces of pizza b. European countries and Japan are negotiating what part of China they get without China being at the negotiating table. c. Europeans countries and Japan are fighting each other over a stolen Chinese product and the Chinese official is trying to take it back. d. None of the above

17. What was one way Britain did NOT affect India's economy? a. High taxes b. Improved agriculture through western farming methods c. Integration of India into world market d. Drained wealth of the former kingdoms in India

19. How did Britain impact the agriculture of India? a. Introduced new methods of agriculture and helped India's agriculture industry to thrive b. Tried to implement western agricultural methods, but ruined cropping patterns and ruined land c. Encouraged the farming of cash crops that benefited the soil and kept the farming land rich d. Both A and C

20. Due to ______, the Young Turks were unable to finish their reforms after overthrowing the Sultan. a. The Armenian Genocide b. World War I c. Building of the Suez Canal d. None of the above

20. What religion did the missionaries try to convert the Maori to? a. Jewish b. Christianity c. Muslim d. Mormon

20. What was the direct result of the British and Japanese colonization of China? a. Faster modernization of Chinese industry b. Economic losses for the Chinese government in the form of trade deals, the loss of lands and payment for the opium wars c. The old dynasty system took over after the Japanese army left d. The Soviet Union annexed China and created a Chinese puppet Government.\

21. Using the map, what title best describes the image? a. The Independence of Egypt b. The Fall of the Ottoman Empire from 1914-1922 c. Colonization d. Changes in the Middle East

22. Which of the following was not a primary religion in Southeast Asia before colonization? a. Buddhism b. Christianity c. Islam d. Hinduism

23. When and why did British trade begin in India? a. 17th century/India's desire for valuable resources b. 17th century/Britain's desire for valuable resources c. 16th century/To benefit both India and Britain d. 18th century/To conquer India easily

24. Southeast Asia had first contact with Europe in... a. 12th century b. 13th century c. 14th century d. 15th century

24. What does the train car in the cartoon represent to the Armenians? a. Sanctuary b. Cage c. Freedom d. Free transportation

25. What did the indigenous people of Australia call themselves? a. Aborigines b. Kooris c. Māori d. Kiwis

26. Why did the Mughals no longer guard the coastline of India? a. The Mughals had other important tasks b. They got their revenue from agricultural taxes/uninterested in trade c. Guarding the coastline was unnecessary d. They got their revenue from donations

26. Why were British citizens granted extraterritoriality? a. The Chinese liked the British and wanted them to feel at home b. The British forced China to grant them it through the Treaty of Nanjing c. They asked them nicely d. None of the above

28. Why did the "self-strengthening movement" make limited progress? a. Western ideas did not work with the Chinese culture b. The government did not support it c. The Chinese thought western ideas were cliche d. Both a and c

29. What countries did the Australian constitution draw ideas from? a. Canada and the U.S. b. U.S. and Britain c. Canada and Britain d. France and Britain

3. Which of the following was not a benefit of Mughal leadership? a. Construction of Taj Mahal b. Peasants had large taxes c. Non-Muslims could freely worship d. Trade made the colony wealthy

30. During the Castle Hill Rebellion of 1804, who were the opposing sides? a. British and Chinese b. Irish convicts and British c. British and Aborigines d. Australian whites and British

30. What are the two codes of law in Burma? a. Rajathat and Dammathat b. Executive and Judicial c. Ramadan and Hajj d. Vishnu and the Eightfold Path

30. What was the Sepoy rebellion fought over? a. The Sepoys were mad that they were forced away from their family to fight overseas b. Rifle cartridges that had been greased in pig fat had to be bitten to reload, which conflicted with many of the local religions of Sepoys c. The Sepoys were mad because British diseases were killing them off d. The Sepoys were mad because their land was taken away, and they didn't have any food to live off off

31. Which country WAS part of the Ottoman Empire? a. Iran b. Greece c. India d. Nepal

31. Why did the Hundred Days Of Reform fail? a. Westerners were angered by the reforms and threatened China b. Chinese Conservatives rallied against the movement and imprisoned the emperor c. Scholars decided that reforms were no longer necessary d. All of the above

32. This cartoon was made right after the Sepoy rebellion. What does that tell us about the meaning behind the cartoon? a. It's trying to show how rebellious India is b. It's trying to show that Britain doesn't have India under control and is still a little scared of India c. It's trying to show how strong the Sepoys proved to be during the Sepoy Rebellion d. It's trying to show that India is already freed from British control thanks to the Sepoys

33. Which of the following is NOT a cash crop of India? a. Coffee b. Corn c. Cotton d. Tea

35. Persia was the original name of which country? a. Iraq b. Iran c. Saudi Arabia d. Syria

35. Who was the King of Siam? a. Chulalongkorn b. Mongkut c. David Attenborough d. Konbaung

36. The Ottoman Empire was dissolved after which war? a. Arab Spring b. World War I c. World War II d. Ottoman Civil War

36. What were natives of the West Indies called? a. Indians b. Sinyo c. Nyai d. Noni

36. Which of these was NOT a negative result of colonization in India a. Poverty b. More jobs c. No say in government for native people d. Extreme famine

40. Based on the map above and your prior knowledge of the topic, what caused the changes you see in the maps? a. Disease killed many Māoris and the land was taken over by the British. b. The Pākehā stole the land c. The Māori lost their land in wars against the British. d. None of the above

41. Based on your previous knowledge about imperialism, why was imperialism in the Ottoman Empire different than imperialism in most regions in Africa? a. The Ottoman Empire never accepted any westernization, while African regions started Western lifestyles b. The Ottoman Empire was able to keep its independent government and effect in its remaining territories, while many African lands became direct European colonies c. The Ottomans drove all Europeans out of their territories while Africans did not d. The Ottoman Empire got positive effect from imperialism while African regions did not

41. Which country had the least impact on Southeast Asia's colonization? a. Britain b. Portugal c. France d. Spain

44. Which treaty officially made New Zealand a British colony? a. Treaty of Alderaan b. Treaty of Waitangi c. Treaty of Mordor d. Treaty of Auckland

44. Why did China lose the Opium War to Britain? a. A. They were vastly outnumbered b. Outdated weapons and fighting methods c. They did not speak English d. India had quality Opium

48. How was Australia first divided with the introduction of the British Colonies a. New South Wales on the west side, New Holland on the east side b. New South Wales on the east side, New Holland on the west side c. Victoria on the west side, New Holland on the east side d. Victoria on the east side, New Holland on the west side

49. What effect did the Sepoy Rebellion have? a. Sepoys no longer had to serve overseas b. A deep hatred between Sepoys and British was established, and violence between the two continued. c. There was a stronger unity between Muslims and Hindus d. The British stopped taxing India

49. Why would the rulers of decolonized nations often seem incompetent? a. They appeared weak next to the brutality of their predecessors b. They had little to no previous experience with decisions and control c. They were not white men d. They stayed in the past, holding on to previous traditions

50. One result of imperialism in Southeast Asia was the creation of ASEAN. What was this? a. A totalitarian regime made up of several dictatorial nations b. A political and economic organization designed to promote economic growth c. A group of guerilla warriors fighting against colonization d. A treaty giving native land to European powers

50. When did Egypt officially become a protectorate of the British Empire? a. 1882 b. 1914 c. 1922 d. 1954

53. Governor Johannes von den Bosch's Cultuurstelsel sought to accomplish which of the following: a. Improve education opportunities among lower class families b. Maximize profits in the Dutch East Indies c. Crack down on child labor and poor working conditions d. To allow the Dutch government to sell Dutch commodities and spread Catholicism

53. What were three things Britain did to prey upon India's economy? a. Tariffs, economic espionage, boycotts b. Ruthless taxation in India, severe trade restrictions, and discouraging certain industries. c. Put debilitating regulations on India goods, shutting down ports, and taxation d. Taxation, trade restrictions, and supporting the textile and tea industry exclusively

54. What effects did Britain have on China? a. Stopped the flow of money b. Influenced culture and spread ideas c. Majorly changed China's borders d. Used all of China's resources

54. Which was one way Aboriginals waged economic warfare on the Settlers? a. Stealing money b. Killing livestock c. Repurchasing stolen lands d. All of the above

57. China's crushing defeat in the First Opium War led to them being forced to agree to ____________. CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER. a. Treaty of Paris b. Treaty of Nanjing c. More rights for Brits living in China. d. The opening of more trading ports.

58. How is the Queen represented in Australia and New Zealand? a. Through direct rule and seat in Parliament b. Appoints a Governor-General by advice of the Prime Minister c. Sends a British politician to Oceania to oversee the countries d. The Queen has no representation in Oceania's parliaments

59. What did Mohandas Gandhi do to contribute to India's gain of independence from Britain? a. He supported the idea of converting all Indians to Hinduism to strengthen unit b. He led the peaceful protest movements to put great pressure on Britain to gradually give power to Indians. Eventually, independence had to be relented. c. He supported extreme nationalism that led to violence d. He supported the idea of not following ANY British laws

59. What methods of cruel treatment did settlers employ in mass killings of Indigenous peoples? a. Assassinating leaders and staging mass shootings b. Lacing their food with chemicals like arsenic c. Burning their crops and livestock d. Both A and B e. All of the above

59. Why do you think Sphere of Influence was the common form of colonization used by Britain in China? CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER. a. The Chinese government was too powerful and risky to contest. b. Their motives were primarily economic. c. A more indirect management was easier to do. d. They wanted political power.

6. What was the main reason the British could easily take control of India? a. India was much poorer than the British b. India wasn't united and had no sense of nationalism c. India willfully gave itself up to the British with the belief that it would benefit d. The British were much more powerful than India

7. What does this political cartoon represent? a. America holds the key to colonizing China b. America wants to keep the gate open to free trade in China c. America wants China all to itself d. America wants to keep out all European countries

7. Who claimed Australia and New Zealand for Britain? a. Henry Williams b. Captain James Cook c. Christopher Hudson d. Captain Lewis

8. What type of management method did the British use in Southeast Asia? a. Direct b. Indirect c. Distant d. None of the above

8. What was the effect of China banning the use of opium? a. The Chinese citizens rebelled against the government because they wanted opium b. Britain became enraged and started the opium war c. Nothing happened and the use of opium stopped d. An opium drug lord rose up and took control of the Chinese government

9. True or false, all Persian nationalists were opposed to westernization and western influence. a. True b. False

9. What is the biggest advantage to repressive colonial governments for the colonizers? a. More equality and civil liberties. b. Colonial powers are able to have total control over politics as well as many social and cultural aspects of society c. Better education d. All of the above

What was Australia's biggest business? a. Coal Mining b. Exporting Wool c. Lumber d. Slave Trade

Who taught the untrained American soldiers during the winter at Valley Forge?

Baron Friedrich von Steuben, a military officer from Prussia

Who were some major people who came into the American Revolution during the winter at Valley Forge? How did they help the situation?

Baron von Steuben disciplined/drilled the Continental army into an organized force. The Marquis de Lafayette, one of the richest men in France, shared in the Americans' hardships and used his own money to buy soldiers clothes.

What was the Gran Colombia?

Bolivar's vision of a united South America made up of present-day Colombia, Ecuador, Venezuela, and Panama

What are the major causes for imperialism?

Britain had lost America, Spain/Portugal had less power than before, nationalism led to increased competition between states, aftermath of Industrial Revolution

Results of Indian Nationalism Mvmt

British are angry and impose taxes/reforms, fear/mistrust, modernization, less Indian culture, railroads/roads built

Results of Irish Nationalism Mvmt

British force pushed out, independence, debate over home rule (self gov't), increased workers' rights

"When the foreign barbarians preach their religion, they say they are urging men to do good, but in fact they are disrupting our government, creating turmoil in our system, destroying our customs, and deceiving our people - that is to say, they want to turn the people of China into barbarians." - Liu Dapeng, a teacher from Shanxi province, 1899 50. The passage above suggests that: a. The Chinese welcomed the foreigners b. The foreigners took the Chinese lightly c. China was becoming westernized d. The Europeans wanted to sell more Opium

1. What part of Southeast Asia did the Dutch colonize? a. Vietnam b. Thailand c. East Indies d. China

10. Which feature did Great Britain gain financial control of, thus controlling the finances of Egypt? a. The pyramids of Giza b. The Great Obelisk c. The Suez Canal d. The Sphinx

11. Britain used Australia as a place to _________ a. Build cities b. Vacation c. Punish criminals d. Build villages

12. Why did nationalism have a significant impact on Southeast Asia colonies? a. Allowed southeast Asian countries to remain under European control b. Helped Southeast Asian countries form more efficient government c. Inspired countries to fight for independence from colonial oppressors d. Helped countries to regain their original culture

14. How many self -governing British colonies were Australia made up of? a. 2 b. 4 c. 6 d. 8

14. Why did Thailand remain independent through European imperialism? a. King Mongkut Fought off the Europeans b. King Mongkut bribed European countries c. King Mongkut worked to industrialize the nation d. None of the above

15. Given the above map and the fact that the Ottoman Empire was colonized in late 1800s, what can be best assumed about the impact of imperial control in the Ottoman Empire? a. Imperialism caused the Ottoman Empire to quickly gain additional land and resources b. The growing Persian Empire was able to take land from the Ottomans throughout the 19th century c. European countries took advantage of the weakening Ottoman Empire and debilitated it further with economic imperialism d. Imperialism was such a distraction to the Ottoman Empire that they could not focus enough on military and thus lost land

15. The First British ship with _____ criminals on board arrived in Botany Bay, Australia in 1788 a. 500 b. 600 c. 700 d. 800

15. What was the biggest negative political impact on Southeast Asia? a. Torture of lower classes b. Racism towards native peoples c. Replacement of government leaders d. None of the above

16. What was the biggest way Europeans, and specifically the British, create and maintain Egypt's debt? a. Interest rates on loans and low wages b. No exports of manufactured goods to Egypt via the Suez Canal c. Interest rates on loans and the purchase of shares in the Suez Canal d. Lack of European engagement in the region led to the implosion of Egypt's already suffering economy

16. Which of the following was NOT an effect of modernization in China? a. Women were able to learn about math and science b. The country advanced as a whole c. China was able to defeat Japan in the Sino-Japanese War due to advanced tactics and technology d. China becoming a world power in 21st century

16. Why did the Muslim League form in 1906? a. Muslims wanted to rebel against unfair British rule b. Muslims were trying to separate from India c. Muslims wanted representation in the government and politics d. Muslims wanted to take over India from the Hindus

18. What was a catalyst for the Young Turk Revolution of 1908? a. Disease and famine led to governmental neglect of the lower class b. Young Turks wanted European help in government, the sultan did not c. Abdulhamid II's repeal of the Ottoman Constitution d. Taxation of the middle class without democratic representation

19. What does this political cartoon represent? a. European countries were fighting for control of China b. Each country wanted a part of China's egg industry c. Each European country wanted the be the one to "hatch the egg" and westernize China d. China hatched all of the other countries from it

2. What did the Sino-Japanese war reveal? a. Japan had a weak army b. China had superior military technology and a better trained army c. China's weakness as a global power d. America's support of Japan hurt them instead of helping them

2. What was a long term effect of imperialism in the Middle East? a. Destruction of culture through forced assimilation b. World War 1 c. General Middle Eastern dislike of Westerners d. The Cold War

2. When Australia gained self rule they... a. Cut tie with Britain b. Made a peace treaty with the native people c. Remained part of the British Parliament d. Appointed a king

21. Who were the Mughals? a. Sikhs that controlled most of India/Pakistan b. Hindus that controlled most of India/Pakistan c. Muslims of Afghan descent that controlled most of India/Pakistan d. Muslims that controlled all of India

22. What were the Frontier Wars? a. Wars between the convicts and British troops b. Wars between the settlers and British troops c. Wars between the settlers and Aboriginals d. Minor conflicts between British troops and kangaroos

22. Why did China lose the Opium Wars? a. They were at a disadvantage because they were on the coast b. Britain was quicker due to their elite navy c. China had outdated weapons due to strict foreign ports d. They didn't lose

23. The native people of New Zealand are the ______. a. Aborigines b. Kooris c. Māori d. Kiwis

24. China became a(n) __________ a. Colony b. Protectorate c. Sphere of Influence d. Economic Imperialistic Republic

25. Why did the Mughal Empire collapse? a. Cultural opposition and war debt b. Disunity c. Cultural opposition, war debt, European profit interests, lack of interest in trade, disunity The Mughal Empire was reckless with wealth

27. Who were the colonizers who colonized India? a. French b. Dutch c. British d. Chinese

28. What did Egypt do in response to France wanting to colonize them? a. They peacefully tried to negotiate b. They fought back c. They started a riot d. They let it happen

28. Why was separating Church and State a major problem in Burma? a. Church clergy were state employees b. Destroyed the economy c. Church and state were dependent on each other d. Turned natives against each other

29. Which of the following was not a branch of Hluttaw? a. Fiscal b. Executive c. Legislative d. Judicial

3. Today, Australia's government is... a. A republic b. A democracy c. A constitutional monarchy and representative democracy with a British head of state d. A republic with a British head of state

3. What country remained independent through European imperialism? a. China b. East Indies c. Thailand d. Vietnam

30. What makes the Suez Canal so important? a. It was good for agriculture b. It brought in a large profit c. It brought resources from one area to another d. It showed power

33. The two countries that had spheres of influence over Persia were: a. Japan & USA b. France & Portugal c. Russia & Britain d. Iraq & Iran

33. Why did a group of Chinese form the Secret Society The Righteous Harmonious Fists? a. They wanted to open up new trade ports without the Europeans' knowledge b. They wanted to rebel against empress Ci Xi c. They wanted to drive out the "foreign devils" and get rid of the new technology polluting China d. They wanted to create a new form of government in China

34. What was the name of the canal the French built in Egypt? a. Panama Canal b. Arabian Canal c. Suez Canal d. Sudan Canal

35. Which of these was a positive result of colonization in India? a. India became richer b. Additional food supply c. Newer modernized India d. Poverty

36. What is an appropriate title for the map? a. Imperialism in China b. Spheres of Influence c. Foreign Spheres of Influence in China d. Colonization in China

36. Why was the Treaty of Waitangi important? a. It is the cause of many modern day disputes between Māori and Pākehā b. It is thought of as the founding document of New Zealand c. All of the above d. None of the Above

37. What system of government is New Zealand ruled under? a. Representative Democracy b. Oligarchy c. Constitutional Monarchy d. None of the above

38. What is the idea of applying Darwin's theory of Evolution to humans to explain unequal powers in nations? a. Human Evolution b. Darwinistic Humanitarianism c. Social Darwinism d. Racial Darwinism

39. Which group of people were upset with Westernization? a. Merchants b. Kings c. Conservative Muslims d. Conservative Buddhists

4. What wasn't a reason for the decline of the Mughal Empire? a. The Empire was too big to be controlled and governed b. People rebelled when religious tolerance declined c. High taxes ruined the economy d. The EIC turned the Nawabs against each other

40. What type of Imperialism were the colonies after Britain took control? a. Economic Imperialism b. Sphere of Influence c. Protectorate d. Colony

41. What group of Europeans were the first to discover Australia? a. British b. French c. Dutch d. Italian

42. As the Mughal empire in India declined: a. India's economy grew b. India became isolated c. The British East India Company's influence grew d. Britain's king started losing power

42. Why was Thailand able to remain independent? a. They had a powerful army b. Their territory and resources weren't sought after c. King Mongkut made negotiations through unequal treaties d. Other neighboring countries helped defend it against Western powers

43. During which dynasty did the Chinese implement the policy of restricting foreign trade? a. A. Qing b. B. Sui c. Ming d. D. Han

43. In the mid-1800s, how much of India did the British East India Company control? a. Two-thirds of all of India b. Three-fifths of all of Asia c. Three-fifths of all of India d. Three fifths of Pakistan and two-thirds of India

43. What factors was the Māori social system based off of? a. Occupation, wealth, political position b. Education, birth, age c. Marriage, land ownership, ancestry d. Yams, kola nuts, titles

44. How did the Vietnamese respond to French missionaries? a. They all willingly converted b. Many were fearful of them and fled the country c. They killed them along with their converts d. They disliked their intrusion and held peaceful meetings with them to negotiate

44. What does this image symbolically show about the relationship between Indian Muslims and Indian Hindus? a. They were very close with each other b. They only associated in schools c. There was a divide between the two due to different goals and mistrust d. There were no Indian Muslims, only Pakistani Muslims

45. How did Muhammad Ali from Egypt affect the relationship of Russia and the Ottoman Empire? a. He made Russia and the Ottoman Empire hate each other by starting minor battles on both sides b. He invaded Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the same year, so they become alliance to fight against Egypt together c. He made Russia indirectly control the Ottoman regions by invading the Ottoman Empire and Russia provided help to the Ottoman Empire d. He worked with the Ottoman Empire to get some territories back from Russia

46. In what way did colonization result in a loss of culture? a. The belief in western superiority resulted in racism and weakened tradition b. New borders being defined without regard to cultural situations created a disjunct society c. Both A and B d. None of the above

46. What type of imperialism does this cartoon suggest that Britain (parliament) used in places like India? a. Economic imperialism b. Sphere of influence c. Colonialism d. Protectorate

49. What events were happening in Europe that made Britain stay in Egypt and the Suez canal? a. Rising nationalism in Britain led to a movement to preserve the Empire b. Imperial ambitions in Turkey, leading to a move to retake lost lands c. The rise of Fascism in Italy and Germany, threatening the Britain d. Growing Egyptian nationalism and violence that led to the British being tied down

49. With the enactment of the Commonwealth of Australia Constitution 1900, what type of government did this create? a. Autocracy b. Federal Republic c. Federal Monarchy d. Dictatorship

5. How did the Battle of Plassey foreshadow the future of the EIC? a. It led to the downfall of the East India Company b. The British realized they had no chance against the Mughals and surrendered c. The EIC victoriously obtained Bengal and continued to expand their territory d. The Mughal soldiers won the battle but were in weak shape, thus allowing the EIC to control the weak empire

5. What was the result of the New Zealand wars? a. British lost b. Maori were forced into Christianity c. Maori were pushed into remote regions and driven out of their land d. Both sides encountered massive casualties

5. Why did Japan not support the Open Door Policy? a. They wanted to limit power of America by limiting trade rights b. They wanted sole trade rights to China c. They did not want China to become more powerful d. They were scared of free trade because they are weak

51. How did British Parliament fund their movement to control India? a. They taxed their own citizens b. They went to war with America to try to recolonize and tax the US c. They taxed Indians, through the salt tax and income tax. d. They put tariffs on foreign goods

51. What made the early New Zealand government unorganized and hectic? a. Constant lower-class revolts against the government b. There were too many conflicting ideas in the government c. Unsuited citizens taking on government positions d. All of the above

53. What family ruled Persia up until 1925? a. Musavi b. Pahlavi c. Qajar d. Safavid

55. During colonization, what dynasty was it? a. Zhou Dynasty b. Qin Dynasty c. Qing Dynasty d. Han Dynasty

55. What was decided in 1835 by the Governor General of India regarding Indian education? a. To reform Indian education b. To stop all education in India c. To cease all support to students and schools practicing native Indian education, and only support an English education. d. To start teaching Hindi in Western style schools

57. What was blamed for New Zealand's failing economy and what movement grew out of the resulting resistance? a. Kiwi birds Pro-Kiwi fruit doctors b. Maori tribes Anti-Maori policies c. Alcohol Women's suffrage d. Steel tariffs Lord of the Rings

58. How was India used by Britain during WW1 and WW2? a. India did not participate in either wars b. India was a strategic location in attacking Japan in WW2 and Turkey in WW1 c. India supplied a tremendous amount of supplies, funds, and troops. d. Both b and c

58. Why is the Bear (Russia) sitting on Persia while the Lion (Britain) is forced to sit on the side? a. The Bear is greedy and wants Persia to itself b. The Lion was too slow in claiming Persia, so the Bear got Persia instead, so the Lion is forced to sit on the sides c. The Bear and the Lion both have a share of Persia, but the Bear in suspicious of the Lion's plans for Persia d. The Lion was sick of Persia, and gave it to the Bear

6. What was a major effect of the Treaty of Nanjing? a. Britain won sole trading rights from China b. Britain won control of a large part of China c. China had to open many treaty ports for trade with all European countries d. China was recognized as a European country

7. What countries did the French colonize in Southeast Asia? a. Indonesia, Malaysia, and Vietnam b. Thailand, Vietnam, and Laos c. Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia d. Cambodia, Burma, and Indonesia

7. Where did the Sepoy Rebellion start? a. Delhi b. Lucknow c. The Bengal Army d. Agra

8. 8. Who were the Aborigines? a. Europeans who settled in Australia b. The Indigenous people of New Zealand c. The Australian indigenous people d. European explorers

Caption: Pam (to Sir Colins) "Well - upon my word - eh! - I'm really extremely obliged to to you - but - eh! - how about keeping the brute?" Use the political cartoon above to answer the next two questions: 31. What does portraying India as an animal show about Britain's opinion of India? a. India was seen as exotic b. India was seen as big and majestic c. India was seen as brute and savage d. India was seen as an opportunity for resources

From the English version of the Treaty of Waitangi, "HER MAJESTY VICTORIA ... regarding with Her Royal Favor the Native Chiefs and Tribes of New Zealand and anxious to protect their just Rights and Property and to secure to them the enjoyment of Peace and Good Order has deemed it necessary in consequence of the great number of Her Majesty's Subjects...to constitute and appoint a functionary properly authorised to treat with the Aborigines of New Zealand for the recognition of Her Majesty's Sovereign authority over the whole or any part of those islands - Her Majesty therefore being desirous to establish a settled form of Civil Government with a view to avert the evil consequences which must result from the absence of the necessary Laws and Institutions alike to the native population and to Her subjects has been graciously pleased to empower and to authorise me William Hobson a Captain in Her Majesty's Royal Navy Consul and Lieutenant-Governor of such parts of New Zealand as may be or hereafter shall be ceded to her Majesty to invite the confederated and independent Chiefs of New Zealand to concur in the following Articles and Conditions." 35. Based on the quote above, what did the British seek to achieve? a. The British wanted the Maori's land. b. The British wanted the rich resources that New Zealand offered. c. The British wanted to settle and establish laws and government. d. The British wanted to achieve peace with the Maori because they were at war and the British were losing.

Main events of Russian Nationalism Mvmt

Crimean war, emancipation of serfs, assassination of Alexander II, Bloody Sunday, revolution of 1905

. How did imperialism in the Ottoman Empire affect the world history? a. The map of the world were changed and many new countries were formed, some European powers got more territories b. The great amount of territories from the Ottoman Empire became a cause of the World War I in Europe c. Many European nations lost people in wars with the Ottoman Empire, which caused the economic decline d. Both A and B

10. What do you think the effect of the canton system was? a. China allowed foreign countries to trade with chinese citizens b. The Europeans began trading with people outside of southern China c. European powers were angry that China was attempting to control trade d. Both B and C

10. Which impact of colonization had a positive effect on Southeast Asia? a. Western-style education b. Hospitals c. Increased trade d. All of the above

11. The Partition of India separated which two countries? a. India, Britain b. Britain, Pakistan c. Sri Lanka, India d. Pakistan, India

13. What was NOT an effect of imperialism in Egypt? a. Severe debt in Egypt b. Egyptian independence from Britain c. Formation of violent Islamic reformist groups d. Shutdown of the Suez Canal

16. How does imperialism still have an effect in present day Southeast Asia? a. Spread of languages b. Diversity of religions c. Current social and political systems d. All of the above

17. What animal thrived in Australia's hot and dry climate? a. Cow b. Mules c. Mutton d. Sheep

17. What issues had the most negative impact on Southeast Asia? a. Forced manual labor b. Heavy taxes c. Replacement of government leaders d. All of the above

19. Today, many natives are still.... a. Forcibly removed from their parents under government policy b. Banned in town after 6:00 c. Not allowed to be in public areas without permission d. All of the Above

19. What three sources sparked nationalism in Southeast Asia? a. indigenous religions b. western education c. contact with social radicals such as socialists and communists. d. All of the above

20. What is an advantage to a liberal colonial government? a. Less Warfare b. The people are able to maintain their current form of government mostly c. More economic opportunity d. All of the above

20. What was the purpose of the Salt March? a. Indian workers were being served unseasoned food and wanted salt in their meals b. Indians wanted to protest the high taxes on salt that the British imposed c. Indians wanted to peacefully protest by producing salt from seawater d. Both B and C

21. Which regions did Southeast Asia have most contact with prior to colonialism? a. China and Middle East b. Europe and India c. Europe and Middle East d. China and India

22. Which of the following countries did NOT gain independence in 1922? a. Syria b. Turkey c. Yemen d. Saudi Arabia

23. Which of the following European Nations took part in the changes shown above? a. France b. Britain c. Italy d. All of the Above

23. Why did Britain want Hong Kong in the Treaty of Nanjing? a. Because it allowed the British to maintain prestige even after losing control in Asia (e.g. India) b. Hong Kong gave them their own trading sea port in Asia c. Hong Kong gave leverage to the British to force the Chinese government into meeting their demands, as Britain could threaten with blockades to stop trade from reaching China d. All of the above

25. Why were the Europeans so intrigued by Southeast Asia? a. Fishing b. Slaves c. Military technology d. Spice trade

26. What event of 1851 brought a population boom to Australia? a. A growing wool industry b. New diamond mines c. Britain offered land and tools to free citizens who emigrated to Australia d. A gold rush in eastern Australia

27. Why is the Taiping Rebellion considered one of the most devastating peasant revolts in history? a. Population explosion caused famine throughout the country b. About 20 million died from the rebellion alone c. The rebellion ended up getting crushed anyway d. All of the above

28. Which was NOT an impact of European colonization on the Maori in New Zealand? a. Fierce wars b. Population drop from 200,000 to less than 45,000 c. Disease and alcoholism d. Rise of Christianity as a prominent religion

29. According to the map, why was the Suez Canal a suitable trading route? a. It only went to a minimum of places b. It traded around Egypt c. It was easy to control d. It stretched all round Africa

29. Who were Sepoys? a. Indian soldiers who fought for the Mughals b. British soldiers who maintained control over Indians in India c. British Farmers who took the Indian land d. Indian soldiers who worked for Britain and often fought overseas

3. What was an effect of the Taiping rebellion? a. Power was split between the government and the Taiping rebels b. 20 million people died c. The Qing dynasty never regained a steady hold on China d. All of the above

30. Compared to African imperialism that lasted nearly eighty years, why did Chinese imperialism only last about sixty years? a. As Chinese nationalism spread, foreigners were no longer suppress and keep control of China b. Following the fall of the Qing dynasty, small Chinese industries opened again, allowing the economy to rise and the Chinese were better armed with modern day technology c. Chinese nationalism inspired all people of China to unite to drive out the foreign devils that were polluting their land d. All of the above

32. How did the Qing dynasty fall? a. Western humiliation and harassment further decreased the approval rating of the Qing Dynasty b. Corruption and ruler unrest created resentment amongst the people c. Regular famine and food shortages created internal conflict d. All of the above

33. Which of the following was a resource that the French sought out in Indochina? (Daniel) a. Aluminum b. Iron c. Coal d. Zinc

34. What is/are the main reason(s) that Britain made Australia a penal colony? a. Prisons in London and other cities were way over holding capacity b. The American Revolution closed off the North American colonies from Britain c. Australia provided resources with which the British could build prisons d. A and B

34. What were the effects of The Righteous Harmonious Fists on China? a. Conservatives finally supported Reforms b. China had to make concessions to the foreigners c. Women received more rights d. All of the above

34. Why was there such a huge demand for a direct route to Asia?(Daniel) a. People wanted to move to a new country b. Europeans wanted to meet new people c. Europeans were looking for more natives to enslave d. European markets wanted new customers

35. Why was the Qing Dynasty replaced by a republic? a. Empress Ci Xi died and the throne was inherited by a 2 year old boy b. The rebels and conservatives broke out in a civil war c. Uprisings were held and were led by peasants, students, warlords and court politicians d. Both a and c

37. In the Salt March, how many of Gandhi's followers participated? a. 6 b. 10,000 c. 600 d. 80,000

37. The main religion of the Ottoman Empire, Persia, and Egypt was what? a. Buddhism b. Judaism c. Jainism d. Islam

38. Based on the map and your knowledge of world history, why did European countries colonize where they did? a. They were too lazy to explore inland b. The natives forced them to the coasts c. They needed drinking water d. Trade was easier along the coasts

38. How have indigenous groups been affected by imperialism in Australia and New Zealand? a. They have lost land. b. Their culture has been forcefully assimilated. c. Many have died due to disease and violence. d. All of the above

38. The resource that made Persia desirable to other countries was what? a. Jade b. Diamond c. Ore d. Oil

38. Which group of foreigners were a prime target of the Taiping rebellion? a. The Russians b. The French c. The Germans d. The British

39. Prior to the Chinese civil war, the Communist Party of China gained rapid support in the north. Based on the map of imperialism, why is this logical? a. Britain heavily controlled the north, and therefore spread communism in northern China. b. Japan heavily controlled the north, and therefore spread communism in northern China. c. North Korea heavily controlled the north, and therefore spread communism in northern China. d. Russia heavily controlled the north, and therefore spread communism in northern China.

39. Why did Chinese influence spread to Southeast Asia more slowly than Indian influence? a. Opium Wars b. Bubonic Plague c. Distance d. Chinese isolationism

39. Why did the British believe that they had rights to the land in Australia and New Zealand? a. Economic imperialism b. The Treaty of Waitangi gave them rights to the land c. Nationalism d. Social Darwinism

4. Which best describes the geography of Southeast Asia? a. A mainland b. warm tropic zones c. Many islands d. All of the above

4. Why was the Suez Canal such an influential piece of land? a. It had rich ports b. There was a substantial amount of oil discovered c. There was prime fishing d. It provided a fast route to Southern Asia

40. Which continent did the Ottoman Empire not have some land on? a. Asia b. Africa c. Europe d. Oceania

41. Why did the Chinese people call China the "Middle Kingdom" a. They are geographically located in the center of the world b. They were the most powerful country to exist c. They were the middle of the 5 mystical kingdoms d. They believed that they were the center of the universe

43. France controlled all of these countries during imperialism except: a. Laos b. Vietnam c. Cambodia d. Myanmar

43. What is the direct cause of the loss of the economic independence in the Ottoman Empire? a. Wars cost a lot and leaders had poor skills on financial management b. The sultans were all lavish spenders and crop failure happened c. The Young Turks tried to control the national finance but caused more economic problems d. The Ottoman Empire borrowed money from European banks and got bankruptcy, so European banks started to regulate the economic life of the Ottoman Empire

45. How were European powers able to colonize most of Southeast Asia in the 1800s? a. They manipulated local rivalries b. Through the use of advanced technology c. With strong armies d. All of the above

45. What was the effect of the 1851 Gold Rush in Australia? a. Many natives died from laboring in the gold mines b. A massive population increase c. An influx of wealth in the economy d. All of the above

46. Based on the two maps of the Ottoman Empire in different time periods, how do you describe the change of the Ottoman territories? a. The Ottoman Empire started to lose lands in 1700s and all of its territories belonged to European powers b. The Ottoman Empire's power lost quickly from 1800s to early 1900s, many of its territories became independent states, some lands were controlled by European powers c. The Ottoman Empire got collapsed from 1800s to 1900s because of the European effects d. Both B and C

46. What right did the Aboriginal Protection Act of 1869 give the government a. Regulation over residence b. Regulation of employment c. Regulation of marriage d. All of the above

48. Colonization in Southeast Asia resulted in the growth of which of the following: a. Capitalism b. Industrialization c. Democracy d. All of the above

48. What were the negative effects of China after western influence a. Pollution caused by factories and machinery b. Bad treatment of workers c. Overpopulation d. All of the above

48. Why did the Sepoys rebel? a. They protested the taxes that Britain levied without Indian consent b. They wanted revenge for the British invading c. The sepoys didn't rebel, they peacefully protested d. They rebelled in protest of the religious violations practiced by the British, mainly including cartridges lubed with religiously forbidden animal fat in the Enfield Rifle issued to Sepoys

5. What was the most significant Indian influence? a. Spread of culture and religion b. Increased spice trade c. More rich merchants (middle class) d. All of the above

51. Why were European countries such as the Netherlands able to assert control over Southeast Asian countries? a. Europe had a foothold in Southeast Asia's trade and economy that gave them power over the region b. China had previously invaded and negotiated with Europeans, effectively precolonizing Southeast Asia c. The decay of local governments eased European colonization d. Both A and C

52. Based on the maps you have seen, what are some major differences? a. Changes in borders b. China lost lots of land c. China gained lots of land d. There was a lot more cities

53. What is the main trading item exported from New Zealand? a. Meat and dairy products b. Flax c. Cattle d. Wool

54. What type of Imperialism was set up in Perisa? a. Protectorate b. Colony c. Economic Imperialism d. Sphere of Influence

54. Why did Britain dislike India's education system? a. They thought it showed the West in negative light b. It taught enlightenment ideas that would lead to a revolt c. Schools were abusive and was cruel to students d. Many thought the Indian culture to be primitive, such as Thomas Babington Macaulay of parliament.

55. What was an economic consequence of the British colonization of Burma? a. Burmese workers were displaced due to the influx of Indian laborers b. Burma grew to be Southeast Asia's number one exporter of rice and teak c. A raise in poverty rates among Burmese peoples d. All of the above

56. In 1925, ___________ came to power. a. Mohammad Reza Shah b. Ayatollah Khomeini c. Ahmad Shah Qajar d. Reza Shah Pahlavi

56. What did the Treaty of Waitangi establish? a. Set up New Zealand's government systems b. Agreed to a ceasefire between Maori tribes and settlers c. Signed the North Island over to the British d. Both A and B e. Both A and C

56. What does this quote show about the results of British education replacing Indian education: "The child is taken to school and the first thing he learns is that his father is a fool, the second thing that his grandfather was a lunatic, the third thing that all his teachers are hypocrites, the fourth that all his sacred books are a mass of lies. By the time he reaches sixteen, he is a mass of negation, lifeless and boneless." a. Many Indians began to learn science and literature b. Indians learned about their culture more than before c. Many Indians felt Western culture was better d. Many Indians were alienated from their culture and their native sciences and arts.

56. Which of the following was not a colonial power? a. England b. France c. Netherlands d. Sweden

57. The East India Company was a _______ company a. British b. Trading c. Successful d. All of the above

57. What did the Rowlatt Acts of February 1919 in India do? a. It allowed Britain to arrest suspects of Indian descent without reason b. It allowed mass deportation of Indian immigrants in Britain c. It made it easier for British people to get away with crimes against Indians d. It allowed certain political cases to be tried without a jury, and suspects to be imprisoned without trial.

58. After the Sino-Japanese War, Japan gained what territory from China? a. Hong Kong b. Chang River Valley c. Beijing d. Taiwan

59. What does this image show about how each country feels about the other? a. Persia and Russia are allies, but Britain is resented by both Russia and Persia for bullying Persia b. Britain and Russia are good friends, while Persia resents being pushed around by the two superpowers c. Russia dislikes Britain because they were forced out of Persia, while Persia is tired of being crushed by Britain d. Russia distrusts Britain and Persia resents both countries for crushing it underfoot

59. Why did Vietnam come out victorious in battle with France in 1954? a. They were backed by China and U.S.S.R b. The French were tired of fighting, after World War II c. Vietnam didn't want to give up its independence d. All of the above

60. How do the people of Oceania work to improve the damaged lives and culture of Indigenous peoples? a. Founded organizations focused on removing disadvantage b. Reserved seats in Parliament for Indigenous representatives c. Working to restore lost cultural elements of Aboriginals d. All of the above

9. Why was there a new sense of Indian nationalism in the British Raj? a) Indians decided to come together after their defeat in the Sepoy Rebellion b) The British became significantly weaker after the Sepoy Rebellion, giving Indians a new spark of confidence c) Both a and b d) A strong middle class emerged from the new Western Society, bringing a sense of nationalism with it

What were disadvantages of the British side in the Revolution?

Distance between Britain/America, low morality/pride/spirit, poor leadership (Lord George Germain)

Who were the Voortrekkers?

Dutch settlers who settled South Africa and wielded the flintlock musket

5. Which nation was involved in the struggle for the Ottoman Empire? a. Great Britain b. Russia c. France d. Germany e. All of the above

What countries did Bolivar liberate?

Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia

How long did the war last?

Eight years (1775-1783)

What title did Napoleon give himself in 1804?

Emperor of France (previously he was "consul for life")

Who was Richard Arkwright? What did he invent?

English inventor/entrepreneur who invented the water frame

What caused the French Revolution?

Enlightenment (new ideas, American Revolution), economic issues (heavy taxes, cost of living rising, crops failing, extravagant government spending, disliked leaders

What caused the American Revolution?

Enlightenment ideas, unfair taxation

What were the goals of Communism?

Equality; an economic system run by the people, where everything is shared equally

Who led the Green Mountain Boys?

Ethan Allen

What were the goals of Socialism?

Fairness; an economic system in which goods are regulated by the government

Who was the "Swamp Fox"? What did he do?

Francis Marion, a guerilla soldier, not part of a regular army, who led attacks in the Carolinas in order to harass/kill/tire out British soldiers.

What were the goals of Capitalism?

Freedom; an economic system run by a free market in which all production is privately owned

Who led the Continental Army?

General George Washington, from Virginia.

What conflict between the British and colonists happened soon after the British abandoned Boston?

General William Howe planned to capture New York City and destroy the rebellion in Massachusetts. In August 1776, British and colonists battled in Brooklyn, NY.

What are the major motivations for imperialism?

Gold - control over resources and markets, God - spread Christianity/European superiority, Glory - competition for land/power, nationalism, fame

What were the goals of Utilitarianism?

Goodness; economic system that does the greatest good for the greatest amount of people

What happened after Toussaint's death?

Haitian independence continued; yellow fever destroyed French army, so they surrendered; the island then renamed itself and became a republic

How did Napoleon impact Latin America's wars of independence?

He invaded Spain and ousted their king. Latin American leaders then saw Spain's weakness at that time and used the opportunity to declare independence.

How did Louis XIV come to power?

He took the throne at age 5, but decisions were made at first by Cardinal Mazarin. After Mazarin's death, Louis XIV took over fully at 22 years old.

What did Lafayette do for the American troops?

He used his own money to buy soldiers clothes.

Where was Simon Bolivar from?

He was a wealthy Venezuelan Creole

What happened to Napoleon after the battle of Waterloo?

He was defeated and forced to abdicate a second time, ending the period of the French Revolution

What happened at Fort Ticonderoga?

Henry Knox was sent by Washington here to round up artillery/guns. He loaded 59 cannons and 2,300 lbs of lead for bullets onto sleds, dragging them 300 miles back to Boston.

Why did the British abandon Boston?

Henry Knox's artillery from Ticonderoga was all aimed at Boston. General Howe (British) told his troops to abandon the city. More than 100 ships left for Canada as well, containing 9,000 British troops and 1,100 Loyalists.

Main events of Austrian Revolution

Hungarians revolt against Austrian overlords, Emperor Ferdinand I promises reform, Russian Army helps defeat Hungarians

According to Locke, when may a law be opposed?

If a law gives harm or infringes upon rights, that may be opposed

Who said "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes."?

Israel Putnam

Why is the Battle of Bunker Hill's name ironic? Where was this battle located?

It actually took place on Breed's Hill, located in Boston, Massachusetts.

Why was Common Sense important?

It persuaded many colonists that independence was sensible and the key to a brighter future. More than 120,000 copies were sold in just a few months.

Why is the Battle of Bunker Hill significant?

It took three attempts for the British to defeat the Americans/take over the fort, and by the time they did, more than 1000 British troops were killed or wounded. American casualties were approximately 500 troops. This battle showed the British that the Americans had fighting power and could inflict large numbers of casualties. It also provided a confidence boost to the Americans.

What is the significance of St. Petersburg?

It was built on swampland, taking tons of workers, it was a warm-water port city, and it was fashioned after western cities, made to look like them

Who inspired most of the ideas of the Declaration of Independence?

John Locke (Enlightenment thinker)

When was the Declaration of Independence officially adopted by the colonies?

July 4, 1776

Who commanded the southern British during the battle of Yorktown?

Lord Charles Cornwallis

Who said "I am the State"?

Louis XIV

When did the British abandon Boston?

March 1776

In what order did the events in the Moderate Stage of the Revolution happen?

Meeting of Estates General, Tennis Court Oath and formation of National Assembly, Storming of the Bastille, Great Fear

How did the Haitian Rebellion impact World History?

Napoleon abandoned his idea of an empire in the Americas and sold Louisiana to America, news spread to the US to result in rebellious and paranoid slaves, the Haitian government shelters Simon Bolivar, and Toussaint L'Ouverture becomes a hero to slaves

Causes of Italian Nationalism Mvmt

Napoleon inspired unity, nation-states bonded to drive off Austrian invasions

In what order did the Radical Stage of the Revolution take place?

National Convention created, Louis beheaded, Robespierre forms Committee for Public Safety, Reign of Terror, Robespierre executed, Directory established

Main events of Irish Nationalism Mvmt

O'Connell holds meetings to repeal laws, Catholic Emancipation Act, Fenlan Brotherhood

When did Cornwallis finally formally surrender at Yorktown?

October 19, 1781

What were advantages of the American side in the Revolution?

Patriotism, help overseas (French gunpowder, immigrants), Commander George Washington (experienced, inspiring, good at keeping everyone in line)

What was the impact of the battle of Trenton on the war effort?

Patriots were heartened by Washington's successes, and General Howe was convinced he needed to do more in order to win the war.

How was social ranking from top to bottom organized in Latin America?

Peninsulares (men born in Spain), Creoles (Spaniards born in Latin America), Mestizos (mixed European/native), Mulattos (mixed European/African), natives, slaves

Where is Valley Forge?

Pennsylvania

What countries did Jose de San Martin liberate?

Peru, Argentina, Chile

What was the major motivation for St. Petersburg to be built?

Peter the Great wanted to make a modern, western city like those he had seen around Europe

What were advantages of the British side in the Revolution?

Professionally trained army, outnumbered Continental army plus had additional 30,000 Hessian mercenaries, well-supplied

Who led the Reign of Terror?

Robespierre

What happened at Yorktown?

Secretly, Washington moved his army south to Yorktown, VA. He surrounded Yorktown on land with 16,000 troops. French warships showed up to seal off entrance to Chesapeake Bay, cutting Cornwallis off from British navy. They then opened fire on Yorktown, causing Cornwallis to surrender.

Main events of Indian Nationalism Mvmt

Sepoys rise against British, Mughal leader hailed, British defeat Mughal leader, discuss forming own government

Results of Ottoman Empire Nationalism Mvmt

Serbs become angry, Ottoman Empire shrinks

What were disadvantages of the American side in the Revolution?

Short on men, short on training, short on artillery/weapons, short on food, short on uniforms, short on money

What are some complaints against King George featured in the Declaration of Independence?

That George III hadn't helped the colonists' rights; he held "an absolute tyranny over these states" when in fact "these united colonies are and of right ought to be free and independent states."

What was the Continental Army?

The American army in the revolution, formed based on John Adams's proposal that Congress should create an army with troops from each colony, thus representing the continent.

What battle is associated with the quote "Don't fire until you see the whites of their eyes."?

The Battle of Bunker Hill

After what battle did the French and Spanish decide to join the American side?

The Battle of Saratoga

Who won the battle in Brooklyn, NY?

The British

What did the Green Mountain Boys accomplish?

The Green Mountain Boys marched north to attack and later capture the British held fort, Fort Ticonderoga, which was America's first victory in the war. Ethan Allen led the attack with approximately 83 colonist-militia men and help from Colonel Benedict Arnold. This protected northern America and kept the soil safe from invasion from the British through Canada.

How many men initially helped create the Declaration of Independence?

The Second Continental Congress initially appointed five people to draw up a declaration. The committee included Benjamin Franklin, John Adams, Roger Sherman, Robert Livingston, and Thomas Jefferson.

What was the name of the treaty that ended the war?

The Treaty of Paris (1783)

According to Locke, who determines who should be the legislative power?

The community puts legislative power into whoever's hands they see fit.

According to Locke, what is tyranny?

The exercise of power beyond what is right

When was the winter at Valley Forge?

The winter of 1777-1778

According to Locke, what is the only way someone gives up their freedom to enter a society?

They must unite with others and create a peaceable, collaborative community.

How and why did soldiers suffer during the winter at Valley Forge?

They were hungry - farmers preferred selling to the British since they'd be paid in gold (American money shortage). They were cold - uniform/blanket prices soared (merchants desired profit).

Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson

Who did most of the writing of the Declaration of Independence?

Thomas Jefferson, a 33-year-old Virginian

Who wrote Common Sense?

Thomas Paine

Who said "These are the times that try men's souls"?

Thomas Paine in The Crisis.

Why did Cornwallis move the army to Yorktown?

Tired of wild goose chase across the countryside led by American General Nathanael Greene

What happened in the Women's Rights Movements?

Women fought for equality and the right to vote, though they were not granted these until later

. Why was Algeria the first colony to be imperialized in West Africa? a. French people already occupied this area. b. Algerians were welcoming to French rule. c. Other countries resisted imperialism far more than Algeria did. d. Algeria has always been a French country.

1. How does the following quote relate to the idea of the anti- apartheid movement? "Difficulties break some men but make others. No axe is sharp enough to cut the soul of a sinner who keeps on trying, one armed with the hope that he will rise even in the end." - Nelson Mandela 1975 a. South Africans fought the idea of white racial superiority and for their rights in a civil resistance movement b. South Africa couldn't separate c. Some South Africans could deal with the Apartheid movement, but others couldn't d. Nothing could stop the Apartheid movement

1. What was the majority of the Force Publique made of? a. African soldiers b. Belgian soldiers entrusted by King Leopold II c. European officers d. A group of European and African soldiers led by Henry Morton Stanley

10. This graph shows the income of white people compared to other ethnic groups. How do you think colonization affected the wealth levels? a. Colonization affected the wealth levels by bringing in white Europeans who were able to use technology and wealth to maintain their revenue over time b. Colonization was positive for South Africa c. Colonization didn't raise white income levels substantially d. Colonization affected wealth levels of all ethnic groups equally.

10. What happened when the US took over the Philippines? a. The Filipinos rebelled b. The Filipinos signed a petition for independence c. The Filipinos did not care d. The Filipinos wanted Spain to come back

11. How did the US come into the possession of the Philippines? a. Spain sold the Philippines to the US b. The US annexed the Philippines c. The US invaded and took over d. The US was never involved in the Philippines

11. How was the Congo Free State's economy different from Belgian Congo's economy? a. Congo Free State was privately owned by Leopold so it was economic imperialism rather than Belgian Congo's sphere of influence b. Belgian Congo got to keep more of its profits c. Congo Free State's economy heavily relied on iron, copper, and other mineral industries to make profit d. Belgian Congo had a stronger internal economy, whereas Congo Free State focused more on exports

13. Using the same image, how was the native population treated by the Belgians? a. Used as a tool to make profit through harsh punishment b. Encouraged to work harder to receive better rewards c. The Belgians did not get involved in the affairs of the native population d. The Belgians could often be controlled by the native population

14. The Boer War included which two groups? a. Dutch and British b. Spanish and French c. India and Dutch d. Polish and British

15. When was the first contact with the Europeans in Samoa? a. 2000 years ago b. 2500 years ago c. 2010 years ago d. 1000 years ago

16. How has the colonization impacted West Africa the most in our world today? a. African countries became independent from the Europeans b. Allowed for the first African democratic elections c. Created similar boundaries that are still used today d. New ideas from new African societies formed, changing the way Africans lived

17. Sugar was a major industry in Hawaii? a. True b. False

18. Why do you think the Boers resented British laws? a. They interfered with their means of colonization and business b. They weren't fair c. They interfered with trade d. None of the above

19. What idea that promoted European imperialism does the above map disprove? a. Social Darwinism because the Africans had already developed sophisticated societies b. The success of economic imperialism because Europeans were unable to conquer such strong empires c. The need to promote Christianity because the complex societies already had to be Christian d. Congo did not have any natural resources because the previous societies used all of them

19. Which two countries owned the majority of West Africa a. Britain and France b. Britain and Spain c. Belgium and France d. Germany and Belgium

19. Why do you think both the British and Boers used Africans in the Boer war? a. So their own people would have a better chance of surviving b. To unite with the Africans c. To make a point that they didn't discriminate d. All of the above

20. After the Zulu conquered another tribe, what would they most likely do with the remaining people? a. Recruit them to become Zulu regiments b. Enslave them for manual labor c. Kill them and take their supplies d. Become an ally with them

20. Colonization impacted the economy of both the colonists' country and the newly colonized land. a. True b. False

22. Using the same quote and past knowledge, what was so valuable to Leopold in Congo that he did not want to risk losing? a. The highly profitable rubber industry in Congo b. The chance to save the lives of many suffering Africans c. The opportunity to appeal towards other leaders in Africa d. The prime location of Congo for trade

24. Which country invaded Havana in 1762 and remained in control there for two years? a. Britain b. Spain c. USA d. France

27. The Congo was made up of more than one ethnic group. a. True b. False

28. Today, the Congo is very economically advanced. a. True b. False

28. Who were the Berbers? a. An ethnic group in Algeria who resisted French colonization b. An organization who were involved in the Aba Women's Revolt c. The lowest class in the social pyramid of the Mandinka Empire d. A group who aided the British in the surrender of Yaa Asantewaa

28. Why would the British feel the need to take Cape Colony with military force? a. The colony had extreme potential profits from its diamond and gold deposits b. It was in a perfect geographical location to use as a military base c. It had very fertile soil that was a necessity in the harsh African weather d. The Boers who lived there needed to be wiped out for good

29. The Congo has been colonized since the ____________ century. a. 15th b. 16th c. 17th d. 18th

3. How did European imperialism affect South Africa hundreds of years after the British/Dutch left? a. Feelings of racial superiority and the Apartheid movement b. The economy prospered c. Disagreements among South Africa d. War with the British and Dutch

3. Who was the leader that unified all of Polynesia in the 1700s a. Kamehameha b. Emilio Aguinaldo c. Liliuokalani d. Jose Rizal

3. Why would the French practice dividing and conquering? a. It was easiest to obtain mass quantities of land through conquering small portions over a long period of time. b. The French only wanted Algeria, but kept getting into conflicts so they continued to conquer. c. The French did not divide and conquer. d. The French were hesitant to imperialize so much of Africa all at once.

32. In Guam, what was the name for the Village leader? a. Mayor's and Vice Mayor's b. Governor-Generals c. Governors d. Alcaldias

32. What is the best reason to explain why Africans were disregarded access from the Diamond Mines? a. Corporate greed by people such as Cecil Rhodes who didn't want others taking control of resources b. The African people were often mutinous and would not comply with views of the greedy capitalists c. A common fear that they would steal or harm other miners for their own personal greed d. None of the Above

32. Why did Europeans want to develop West Africa? a. The Great Depression caused a loss of jobs and money b. The Asante War caused a loss of resources c. Samori Toure convinced them d. Africans were investing in education

33. ) King Leopold's colony was seized by the Belgian government on the grounds of___________. a. murder and torture b. freedom and equality c. arson and rape d. None of the above

35. What college opened in West Africa in 1827? a. Fourth Bay College b. Benin College of Science c. Guinea University d. Sunset University

35. Who led the Filipinos during the Philippine-American War? a. Emilio Aguinaldo b. Jose Marti c. San Juan Bautista d. Colonel Robert Wilcox

36. When did the Philippines gain formal independence from the US? a. July 4, 1946 b. November 30, 1899 c. September 9, 1902 d. August 5, 1952

36. Why is the apartheid related to imperialism? a. It is the ideology of white people thinking they are superior and must spread their race b. It gives political power to Asians c. It shows that white people managed to conquer Africa easily d. It demonstrates the idea that white europeans were able to rule defeat the zulu and enslave them

38. Why was the European misuse of West African land significant? a. The ravaged conditions it was left in made it difficult for more land development b. The West Africans guided the Europeans on how to cultivate their lands, leading to social connections c. A new type of crop suited to the conditions becomes the main diet of West Africans d. None of the above

40. What type of imperialism was the Union of South Africa under? a. Indirect Rule b. Direct Rule c. Economic Imperialism d. None of the Above

42. The Belgian government seized control of the Congo from King Leopold II because... a. Exploitation and abuse of the native Congo people and resources b. King Leopold II could not control the riots and revolts c. The Belgian government had different ideas for the future of the Congo d. All of the above

42. Which colony gave temporary suffrage to colored people? a. Cape Colony b. Transvaal c. Natal d. Orange Free State

43. True or False, West Africa was rapidly establishing Western-based Capitalism? a. True b. False

43. Why were Filipino nationalists upset by the Treaty of Paris (1899)? a. The treaty did not grant them true independence b. The treaty only exchanged money, not possession of The Philippines c. The treaty made the Philippines part of Indonesia d. None of the above

44. What was the overarching goal of Congolese protests? a. To achieve Independence of the Congo b. To end of Apartheid c. To end of social inequalities between natives and Europeans d. To control abuse of natives and resources of the Congo

46. Why was Hawaii easily taken over by American traders? a. There was no strong central government b. The US had a powerful navy c. Hawaii was not heavily populated d. None of the above

47. How many seats were in the Senate? a. 40 b. 121 c. 51 d. 150

48. What do many of the railroads do? a. Connect waterways b. Connect the Belgian Congo to other neighboring countries c. They had no practical use d. Carry products to the Atlantic Ocean

5. Which commodity was a major export for the Congo region during Imperialism? a. Rubber b. Iron c. Coal d. Oil

51. How did people live before colonization? a. As Hunter-gatherers, pastoralists, and farmers b. As nomads c. With a dictatorship d. On grassy flatlands

51. What religion did most of Samoa change to after Spanish rule? a. Christianity b. Catholicism c. Islam d. Hinduism

52. The five historical periods are pre-colonial era, the colonial era, the post-colonial and apartheid eras, and the post-apartheid era. True or false? a. True b. False

53. Why is Guam still a US territory today? a. Its geographic location allows for it to be a prime military base b. Good farming provides an economic advantage for the US c. The US receives money in taxes from tourism in Guam d. All of the above

53. Why is the Congo currently in such a poor situation? a. Years of infighting and corrupt rule have left the Congo underdeveloped b. They do not have enough resources to usher in economic advancement c. The countries leaders do not want to solve the problems d. All of the above

54. How do the years of being ruled by Leopold and Belgium affect the Congo? a. It left the Congo unprepared for self-rule b. The Congo has a lack of natural resources c. The Congo is culturally diverse d. All of the above

58. How is Nelson Mandela connected to apartheid? a. In 1990 he negotiated the end of apartheid in South Africa b. He ends all segregation c. He spread the idea of apartheid in 1948 d. All of the above

59. How did the United States acquire the Philippines? a. Treaty of Paris between the United States and Spain b. Spain went bankrupt c. The Philippines defeated Spain and then the U.S. came in a beet the Philippines d. They made a deal with the Filipino government

6. What is Social Darwinism? How did the imperialists use it? a. The theory that individuals, groups, and people are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. The Europeans argued that they were superior to all others and imperial conquest and destruction of weaker races was simply natures' way of improving the human species. b. The theory that individuals are subject to the same Darwinian laws of natural selection as plants and animals. c. The theory that groups are subject to the same Darwinian laws. The Europeans argued that they were superior to all others and imperial conquest and destruction of weaker races was simply natures' way of improving the human species. d. None of the abpve

8. How has Belgium interfered with Congo's politics after its independence? a. Killed prime minister and replaced him with a leader supporting Western ideals b. Forced Congo to become a socialist government c. Made Congo into a protectorate even after independence d. Congo is not independent

9. What was the first major early empire? a. Ghana b. Mali c. Benin d. None of the Above

South Africa Quiz Questions 31. What was the Treaty of peace made between the South African Union and the British a. "Peace of Vereeniging" b. "European Peace of Africa Act" c. "Freedom of Resources Act" d. "Cohen Act of 1902"

South Africa Quiz Questions 37. Based on the interview, how did South Africa feel towards treating different races after apartheid? a. All races are equal b. Only whites are important c. Segregate blacks but respect colored people d. Segregate colored people but respect blacks

South Africa Quiz Questions 8. According to the map, which country owned the most African colonies at the time? a. Britain b. France c. Germany d. Italy

U.S. in the Philippines & Pacific Islands Quiz Questions 14. What place in the Pacific is a triple protectorate? a. Samoa b. Philippines c. Guam d. Papua New Guinea

U.S. in the Philippines & Pacific Islands Quiz Questions 39. When was Kiribati made an Independent State? a. 1978 b. 1802 c. 1997 d. 1953

What was created after the Reign of Terror?

a 2 house legislature and 5-person executive branch called the Directory, run by the upper middle class

What was the Enlightenment?

a European intellectual movement, in which ideas about God, reason, nature, and man developed, leading to revolutions around the world

Who was Henry IV?

a French Absolutist ruler who healed religious divisions, issuing the Edict of Nantes to give French Protestants (Huguenots) peace and the right to worship even though he himself was Catholic

Who was Frederick II?

a Prussian Absolutist ruler who united German states, strengthening the economy and creating religious freedom

Who was Catherine II?

a Russian Absolutist ruler, also known as "Catherine the Great", who defeated the Ottoman Empire, defused peasant revolts, claimed warm-water ports, and expanded Russia's land

Who was Ivan IV?

a Russian absolutist ruler, also known as Ivan the Terrible; he crowned himself Czar at age 16 and was good for a period before he began a period of torture, even killing his own son

Who was Peter I?

a Russian absolutist ruler, also known as Peter the Great, who westernized Russia, acquired a warm-water port, improved the economy, and created a western city, St. Petersburg; all strengthened Russia

Who was Phillip II?

a Spanish Absolutist ruler who created a strong military and economy, making a golden age for Spain. However, he also lost the Spanish armada and caused many wars.

What was the Palace of Versailles?

a huge, luxurious palace designed as a symbol of Louis XIV's total power, costing tons of money, where Louis kept the nobles in his court close at hand

What was the Edict of Nantes?

a law issued in 1598 by Henry IV that allowed French Protestants (Huguenots) to live in peace and have the right to worship

Who was Jose Maria Morelos? What did he attempt to do?

a mestizo priest who took over after Hidalgo. declared independence but was defeated by the Creoles.

Who was Miguel Hidalgo? What did he attempt to do?

a mestizo village priest, believed in Enlightenment ideas. Called for revolution and marched to Mexico City but was defeated.

Who was Rockefeller?

a monopolizing big business owner who used horizontal integration in the oil industry

Who was Carnegie?

a monopolizing big business owner who used vertical integration in the steel industry

What defines a nation-state?

a nation with its own independent government that defends its territory and way of life

What did the French Constitution of 1791 create?

a new constitution in which France was a constitutional monarchy with a legislative assembly

What new social classes were introduced by the Industrial Revolution?

a new, rich middle class with two branches, the upper being government workers, doctors, lawyers, and managers, and the lower being factory overseers and tool makers; as well as a new working class underneath that made up of factory workers

What was the Tennis Court Oath?

a promise taken by the National Assembly to not leave until they had written a constitution

What were Locke's main ideas written in the 2nd Treatise of Government?

a social contract between the people and government; people are born with natural rights and individual freedoms

What is Absolutism?

a time period in Europe in which incredibly powerful kings and queens ruled with absolute control over religion, social life, economy, politics, and other areas

What was the Reign of Terror?

a time period in which the Committee got rid of anyone who disagreed with them through execution via the guillotine, with around 40,000 people executed

18. American missionaries and planters brought what change to Hawaii? a. Cultural b. Economic c. Nothing d. Both A & B

50. How did the Belgian colonization of the Congo currently affect the Democratic Republic of the Congo? a. The DRC has completely recovered from the effects of the Belgian colonization b. The DRC has extreme poverty c. The people of the Congo united to resist the Belgians, creating a strong, unified Democratic Republic of the Congo d. The people of the Congo turned to socialism after independence, so everyone has the same resources and money.

What did the New Haitian Constitution establish?

abolished slavery, elected legislature, Santo Domingo remained French, Toussaint L'Ouverture= governor general for life

What was the guillotine?

an execution device designed to give everyone an equal and painless death, used in the Reign of Terror

What was the Committee of Public Safety?

an executive branch of government in which Robespierre was the leader, assuming the role of dictator

What is a sphere of influence?

an outside power claiming exclusive investment or trading privileges

Causes of Indian Nationalism Mvmt

angry Sepoys (Indian soldiers), offensive reforms, Christian conspiracy against Indian religions

Results of German Nationalism Mvmt

army strengthened, war in nation-states, universal male suffrage, constitution with 2-house legislature

How did Enlightenment ideas influence art and literature?

art and literature began to take on different forms that reflected a transition, such as the transition in art from baroque to rococo and in music from baroque to classical

What is the most important factor that allowed Europeans to develop the forces necessary to conquer vast portions of the world and made Jared Diamond's theory of GGS possible?

available/abundant natural crops and resources allowing for specialization

10. What two items took a large part in Asante Empire's wealth? a. Kola Nuts and Palm Oil b. Kola Nuts and Gold c. Gold and Palm Oil d. Diamonds and Gold

12. Roughly when did the first Samoan Civil war start? a. 1853 b. 1886 c. 1902 d. 2000

12. What was NOT a consequence of a ruler by the invading country? a. Africa had major debts b. Africans able to choose their specialization c. Broke out into civil war d. Africans were left with no money due to the lavish spending of the ruler

15. What was the ruler of the Zulus called? a. Chaco b. Shaka c. Laka d. Shake

16. What year did the Philippines declare independence? a. December 8, 1898 b. June 12, 1898 c. February 5 , 1889 d. May 1, 1899

17. Analyze the same political cartoon. What could the dialogue - "Gotta break a few African eggs to make a Westerner's omelet..." mean? Choose the best answer. a. Various African economies are used to put together a strong European economy b. African sacrifices are required to achieve European wealth c. African people do not deserve their rich resources d. Eggs are a highly valued natural resource of Congo

17. Why do you think trading ports (England, South Africa, India) were made where they were? a. People voted on locations b. They were near water c. They were close together d. All of the above

18. Based on the above map of pre-imperialism Congo, what can be inferred? a. Europeans had already drained much of the natural resources b. The native population had already formed large and organized states c. The native population had a strong military to fend off Europeans d. Congo's people were in desperate need of support from the Europeans

19. When did Micronesia achieve independence? a. 1985 b. 1986 c. 1987 d. 1980

2. Why was the Congo Free State abolished (main reason)? a. The Congo people formed the Congo National Movement and won their own independence b. Public opposition of the brutality in Congo forced Leopold to give up his colony c. The Force Publique lost in a war against the Portuguese, which then forced Leopold to give up his colony d. The Belgian government wanted to profit from Congo

20. Which type of government did Britain believe in? a. Direct rule b. Indirect rule

21. What are the three regions of the Pacific islands? a. Polynesia, Kiribati, Micronesia b. Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia c. Melanesia, Kiribati, Polynesia d. Kiribati, Melanesia, Micronesia

22. How would connecting Cape Town to Cairo, Egypt be useful for Cecil John Rhodes? a. This would make it easier to keep in touch with each colony b. This would allow for a railroad to be built and transport materials c. This could help unite Africa d. The eastern side of Africa could be controlled all by the British, allowing for one central government

25. What 2 kinds of environments was the Congo made up of? a. Desert and Rainforests b. Rainforests and Savannahs c. Tundra & Deserts d. Jungles & Savannahs

25. Why might the Boers want to take over the Zulu people? a. To kill all African natives b. To acquire South African land that the Zulus had claimed at the same time c. To eliminate any threat that they might encounter later d. To spread Christianity

26. Based on the map above, why did the Europeans want to invade West African kingdoms? a. West Africa had valuable resources such as diamond and other precious jewels b. It provided many natural resources that benefited Europeans c. The Europeans were in need of a food supply d. Europeans could build ships in factories in West Africa

27. How did Samori Toure impact colonization in West Africa? a. Resisted against British rule by creating a centralized army b. Fought with the French utilizing a modernized and efficient army c. Founded the Mouride Brotherhood which fought for social autonomy d. None of the above

29. In what year did Guam declare themselves as a commonwealth country? a. 1980 b. 1982 c. 1968 d. 1950

30. What initially caused "The Boer War" according to historians? a. Disagreements in political rule by the British b. The 1800's Diamond and Gold Rush c. Afrikaners being cast out of their native land and forced into slavery d. None of the Above

32. The Congolese finally gained independence in ______. a. 1919 b. 1960 c. 1908 d. 1909

33. How long did the US control the Philippines a. 45 years b. 50 years c. 148 years d. 300 years

34. This quote reveals that the effects of colonization were mostly ________. a. Positive b. Negative c. There were no effects of colonization on the Congo d. None of the above

34. What word best describes the Mineral Revolution or "The Diamond Race of 1870"? a. Social Darwinism b. Monopoly c. Colony d. Sphere of Influence

38. 18. True or False: The US colonized Kiribati a. True b. False

38. Based off of the interview, which racial group seemed to have dominance in society? a. Black b. White c. Colored d. Asian

4. What does "Umkhonto We Sizwe" translate to? a. Nation of the free b. Spear of the nation c. Spear of the just d. None of the above

40. How many different phases of government did Puerto Rico go through? a. 1 b. 4 c. 3 d. 2

40. What century did Europeans FIRST arrive in West Africa? a. 14th century b. 15th century c. 16th century d. 17th century

41. What did King Leopold II originally name the colonized Congo? a. The Democratic Republic of Congo b. The Congo Free State c. The Belgian Congo d. The Luba Empire

41. Why did Americans support the Filipino rebels' desire for independence? a. The US and Philippines were allies b. The Americans wanted to annex the Philippines as a territory of the US c. The US military would not have won against the Filipino military d. All of the above

43. What was the original name of the organization that was created in response to the discrimination? a. African National Congress b. South African Native National Congress c. South African National Congress d. The Congress of South Africa

44. African Colonies supported what type of industry? a. Fishing b. Textile c. Mining d. Farming

44. In the 1940s, the possession of many Pacific Islands (such as Guam and the Northern Marianas Islands) changed from American to Japanese. Why? a. The US was too far from the Pacific Islands to govern them effectively b. WWII gave Japan an influx in power over the Pacific c. The US sold their Pacific Island territories to Japan d. All of the above

45. The opening/start of _________ created economic gains for the Filipinos. a. A free market b. Suez Canal c. "Laissez Faire" economy d. Panama Canal

49. True or False: Britain influenced the South African government after the formation of the Union of South Africa a. True b. False

49. What was NOT a reason why the Anti-Imperialist League fought against the United States annexing the Philippines? a. Economic b. Ideology c. Moral d. Social

5. Why is it that early empires were never able to hold their power for long? a. Other empires were richer so they were able to buy the lands of other empires b. Empires were always growing stronger and coming up with new advancements to conquer empires c. Some Empires received help from the Europeans to conquer the other empires d. Being on the coast, many empires would be attacked by sea and be taken over

50. Who was the leader of the Zulu kingdom? a. Mandela b. Shaka c. Andries Pretorius d. Mbuzikazi Cele

51. What is the main effect of exploitation of the Congo's resources on world politics to this day? a. The Congo is a huge target for humanitarian aid b. The Congo was the source of uranium used to power the first nuclear weapons c. The Congo has multiple terrorist groups within it d. The Natural resources in the Congo are a desire of many world leaders and countries

52. What does the image show the most about the Congo Today? (choose best answer) a. The living standards are poor b. There is not enough food to go around c. Many citizens are forced to wear poor clothing d. None of the above

52. Who overthrew the Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani in 1893? a. A Native Tribe b. American Sugar Growers c. Spanish Colonist d. German Merchants

54. How did the US acquire Samoa and other Pacific Islands? a. Civil War b. They signed a treaty gaining a naval base and other islands c. They outbid Germany d. The U.S. gained Guam through the Spanish American War

54. Language barriers between the Boers, Europeans, and Natives were not an issue. True or false? a. True b. False

57. What happened in 1835, after Cape Colony was given up to the British in 1806? a. Diamonds are found in Kimberley b. Boers leave on the Great Trek c. First anglo-boer war d. Zulus defeated in Natal

59. 20. What is not a positive effect of Imperialism? a. Few diseases that impacted Europeans b. Able to produce similar crops from Western Europe c. Resources such as gold and diamonds d. Independence could be established in the colonies.

6. The Congo Basin was initially colonized under what name? a. Democratic Republic of Congo b. Congo Free State c. Belgian Congo d. Katanga

60. __________ was a Filipino leader and politician that fought for the freedom of the Philippines. a. George Dewey b. Emilio Aguinaldo c. Jim Paredes d. Andrés Bonifacio

7. How did Belgian colonization prevent Congo from developing a strong economy? a. Drained all of natural resources b. Only focused on exports rather than building a strong internal economy c. Made the Congolese fearful of international trade d. Killed too much of the working population

7. What were the contributing factors of the Mfecane? a. Hunger b. A severe drought that led to widespread hunger c. Takeover of land by the Zulus and Boers d. All of the above

8. How did Hawaii appear beneficial to be annexed by the US? a. The natives were nice to them and offered gifts b. Hawaii proved to be a strategic naval base c. Sugar industry provided economic growth d. American planters already declared Hawaii a US protectorate

9. What was blackbirding? a. Painting birds black b. Making Melanesians indentured workers in Australia c. Racial slurs directed at Melanesians d. A name Europeans called Melanesians

9. Why would South Africa be "wanted" by Europeans more than a Central African country during the scramble for Africa? a. They saw slaves as a free labor source b. It has access to water c. The rest of Africa has major problems d. It was closer to Europe

Congo Quiz Questions "I do not want to risk ... losing a fine chance to secure for ourselves a slice of this magnificent African cake" (King Leopold II) 21. Based on this political cartoon and quote from Leopold II, what were Leopold's feelings towards Africa? a. He cared deeply about the people and wanted to improve their lives b. He was greedy and wanted to claim land in Africa during the Scramble for Africa c. Africa has a very profitable baking industry that Leopold wants to join d. He wants to help other Europeans by dividing Africa

South Africa Quiz Questions 11. Using the pie charts below, which show the different ethnic groups that were in South Africa in 1911 and in 2004, which ethnic group experienced the biggest change and what do you think made that change? (Hannah) a. In 1911, ethnic groups were much more varied b. The biggest change was in the black African group which went from 67% in 1911 to 79% in 2004. This change occurred because black Africans continued to have children and move to South Africa, while fewer white people settled in South Africa with the end of colonization. c. Ethnic groups have decreased since 1911

U.S. in the Philippines & Pacific Islands Quiz Questions 23. Which was NOT an impact of the Suez Canal? a. Easier European trading b. Increased relations between Egypt and Cuba c. A better economy for the Philippines d. Upper-class Filipinos had the opportunity for higher education

West Africa Quiz Questions 15. Why did the French change the way of life for Africans to one similar to their own? a. To show off their land and accomplishments to other competing European countries b. It showed France had more superiority over the Africans and that their way of life more efficient c. The more Africans that followed their lifestyle created more power among the French community d. France's goal was to convert as many people to christianity as that was one of their main religions

West Africa Quiz Questions 23. Which nation of Western Africa was considered independent? a. Ivory Coast b. Liberia c. Sierra Leone d. Gambia

West Africa Quiz Questions 39. How did the influence of French culture have a significant effect on West Africa? (Best Answer) a. Western education spread enlightenment ideas about equality, leading to a campaign to end slavery b. Enforced practice of French culture led to the loss of traditional West African culture c. French culture allowed West Africans to learn new ways to improve agriculture therefore their food supply increased due to new techniques d. Africa becomes the continent with the most French - speaking people

Who, what, when, where, why: urbanization

began in Britain and affected all people. the shift from rural to urban (city) life. began in mid-1700's. began in Britain and spread to places like Belgium, Germany, France, and the US. Urbanization was important to world history because it caused a major shift in the lifestyles of people and the layout of areas of land. Rather than relying on farming, people began to live in more crowded tenements and cities began to take on a more modern structure, with factories, skyscrapers, and living areas very similar to those today.

Who was Diderot and what was his philosophy?

believed in collecting all knowledge to give "power to change men's common way of thinking"; wrote encyclopedias

Who was Wollstonecraft and what was her philosophy?

believed in education equality for men and women

Who was Astell and what was her philosophy?

believed in equality and education for women

Who was Voltaire and what was his philosophy?

believed in freedom and tolerance towards all

Who was Beccaria and what was his philosophy?

believed in justice rather than revenge

Who was Rousseau and what was his philosophy?

believed that individual freedom and direct democracies were needed

Who was Locke and what was his philosophy?

believed that people are born free, have natural rights, and the ability to overthrow government

Who was Hobbes and what was his philosophy?

believed that people are naturally bad, and an absolute monarchy is needed

Who was Montesquieu and what was his philosophy?

believed that political liberty and a separation of powers were needed

What sanitation techniques were used in cities, food, hospitals, paved streets, and skyscrapers?

better hygiene such as antiseptics and washing hands in hospitals, more bathing/washing clothes, new sewers/clean water systems, pasteurization, etc.

Where was Jose de San Martin from?

born in Argentina but spent time in Spain as military officer

11. What religion dominated Africa before the Europeans arrived? a. Christian b. Catholic c. Islam d. All of the Above

13. What was the name of the cape that the Europeans created a way station at? a. Cape of Peace b. Cape of Goodness c. Cape of Good Hope d. Cape of Bad Fortune

13. Why did the French method for colonization allow them to conquer so much of West Africa? a. Gaining land inland gave them easy access to ports b. Africans were seen as weak, giving the French an easy target c. Even with Africa's resistance, French rule overpowered the Africans rule, changing their culture d. France power over other European countries led them to taking the land away from Africa

17. Which words best describe the government used from European countries in West Africa? a. Peaceful and powerful b. Useless and careless c. Corrupt and abusive d. Independent and influential

18. How many different countries are a part of West Africa a. 15 b. 14 c. 17 d. 19

2. Think back to Unit 6... Does Louis XIV's invasion of Algeria demonstrate his extravagant displays of power? Why? a. No, war does not cost much money. b. No, Louis XIV did not enjoy displaying his power. c. Yes, Louis wanted to demonstrate that he was powerful and rich enough to support an army to defend Christianity and France d. Yes, the war was mainly to glorify him through the paintings depicting his extravagant army, and stories of him personally slaying the Algerians.

2. What was one negative political consequence of imperialism amongst Europeans? a. They had to join together, which they didn't want to do b. They were forced to unite with the South Africans c. They were left at war with each other d. Nothing was resolved

20. Based on the above map why did the Belgian government want to continue colonizing Congo after abolishing the Congo Free State a. Belgium had already set up a strong government in Congo b. A large portion of the Belgian population resided in Congo c. A large amount of profit could still be made due to copious natural resources d. The central African location was prime for international trade

22. Which country owned the most colonies in West Africa? a. Spain b. Portugal c. France d. Britain

22. Which island became the middleman for transporting Spanish gold and silver between Manila and Mexico? a. Tahiti b. Cuba c. Guam d. Puerto Rico

23. Why was a Royal Charter important for Cecil John Rhodes to take over Matabeleland? a. It would allow him to become close friends with the British government b. It gave him the right to keep the land for himself c. It allowed him to make decisions himself for the British government d. It specified that he could kill any Matabele people in his path

24. Where is the Congo located? a. Western Africa b. Southern Africa c. Central Africa d. Eastern African

27. How would using tactics such as capturing families of guerilla troops and using concentration camps help the British win against the Boer army? a. The Boers would always turn themselves in to the concentration camps to see their families b. It didn't help them win c. Morale would be severely lowered among the Boer army if they had captured relatives d. The British would use people in the camps to spread disease to the Boers

28. What was the third form of government established in the Philippines? a. Military b. Civil c. Commonwealth d. Legislative

29. Why was Yaa Asantewaa and her contributions in the War of the Golden Stool so important? a. Her leadership sparked movements for women's rights and reform b. Her usage of a centralized army and strategic tactics that helped defeat the British c. Her bravery inspired movements for independence d. All of the above

30. What sparked the Rebellion of 1919? a. Taxation without representation b. The murder of the Congo King c. African resistance d. All of the above

31. When did Belgium take control of the Congo? a. 1919 b. 1960 c. 1908 d. 1909

33. Why did Europeans want to colonize West Africa? a. France and Germany were competing for land b. The Colonial Development Act c. Europeans thought more control would allow greater profits d. Britain wanted to set up military bases

34. 14. How much money did Spain ask the US to give them in exchange for the Philippines and the Pacific Islands? a. $1 million b. $10 million c. $20 million d. $15 million

34. What type of motive did Europeans have to colonize West Africa? a. Political b. Social c. Economic d. Social Darwinism

35. "King Leopold's Ghost: A Story of Greed, Terror and Colonialism in Africa" is a book written by Adam Hochschild. Knowing that he is a historian and by reading the above excerpt from his book, what can you infer the novel was about? a. The benefits of African colonization b. The spread of disease c. The horrors and devastating effects surrounding Belgium's control on the Congo d. The increase in economy throughout the period of colonization

35. Why did different racial groups receive different treatment during apartheid a. Because segregating only one group of people was not fun b. Because the White men wanted to make them feel separated and keep them from uniting c. Because they were clearly different ethnic groups from different tribes and still had grudges against each other from former tribal wars d. Because the whites wanted to have some variety

36. How did colonization affect trade in West Africa? a. Paper money was developed b. West African countries became wealthy in the 18th century c. There was an inequality of trade benefits between West Africa and other countries d. Trade caused countries to become poor and fall into poverty

37. How long was Cuba under the US's control? a. 50 years b. 10 years c. 3 years d. 5 years

37. Which of these kingdoms that occupied the territory of the Congo were most influenced by Portugal? a. Luba Empire b. Lunda Empire c. Kongo KIngdom d. None of these kingdoms were influenced by Portugal

38. What did the people of the territories of the Congo have before the Europeans arrived? (choose the best answer) a. Democracy b. Authoritarian Regime c. Monarchy d. Absolute Monarchy

39. Why would the British break a peace treaty with Zulu for land? a. The British wanted to have fun b. They wanted a special kind of meat found on their land c. They wanted more resources and thought of themselves as more powerful people d. The British king thought that the Zulu would be an easy enemy to conquer

4. If all the West African countries had gained their independence from imperialism long ago, would imperialism still affect Africa today? a. No, because as recently as today, effects of imperialism are not felt in West Africa b. No, things that happen long ago in history do not matter in today's reality. c. Yes, given that wars are still going on today in West Africa directly from imperialism, it is a reasonable to suggest that throughout time, imperialism will always have an effect on Africa. d. Yes history repeats itself, so West Africa will undergo imperialism again.

4. Why didn't the Belgians allow Congo to modernize? a. They didn't want Congo's economy to be better than theirs b. They thought African people were not capable of learning c. It could lead to a successful uprising d. They didn't want African people in their schools

40. What reasons did King Leopold II say he was going to take the territory of the Congo under? (choose the best answer) a. To Conquer its people in the name of Belgium b. To Improve Belgium's economy c. For philanthropic reasons d. None of the above

41. What were NOT effects of Apartheid? a. People of race were forced to live apart b. Denied rights of colored people c. Economy worsened d. Worsened the quality of life for colored people

42. Which country owned many of the Pacific Island countries before the 1800s? a. France b. Britain c. Spain d. Belgium

46. What were the effects of the Mines and Works Act of 1911? a. Gave people of all races equal opportunities in work b. Exclusively gave white people benefits while lowering wages for people of color c. Created a color bar, making it impossible for colored people to compete with whites d. None of the above

47. Why were some Americans opposed to the annexation of the Philippines? a. They were afraid powerful Asian military forces could easily take the Philippines U.S. in the Philippines & Pacific Islands Quiz Questions b. Americans did not think that they could effectively rule a colony that was on different continent than their mainland c. Many Americans did not agree with the moral background of imperialism d. All of the above

5. What was the point of the Berlin conference? a. To decide if Africa should be colonized b. To plan what nations the Europeans would colonize c. To help divide Africa between the European imperialists d. None of the above

50. What country did NOT colonize Samoa? a. United States b. Germany c. Italy d. Great Britain

55. What is Apartheid? a. A South African who holds a large amount of power within their community. b. A British colonizer c. System of segregation on grounds of race d. A law ending segregation in certain areas of South Africa

56. What year did the Hawaiian Islands become a state? a. 1800 b. When they were first overthrown c. 1959 d. 2000

Congo Quiz Questions 10. Why did Leopold transfer authority of the Congo Free State to the Belgian government? a. The Belgian parliament bribed Leopold into signing a treaty b. Leopold was promised to play a leading role in the Belgian parliament c. Indignation among people in Britain and parts of Europe began to grow d. The economy of Congo Free State was failing and Leopold needed to sell the territory

South Africa Quiz Questions 45. What were the effects of the Native Land Act of 1913? a. Gave people of all races equal access to land b. Gave all the land to white people, while most people of color became homeless c. Allocated most the land to white people, while people of color were forced to find labor type work or move to a crowded reserve d. None of the above

U.S. in the Philippines & Pacific Islands Quiz Questions 31. What was the main economic source in Puerto Rico? a. Tobacco b. Coffee c. Sugar d. Corn

What main Enlightenment ideas were present in the Constitution?

checks and balances, social contract, separation of power, president/legislature elected

Who, what, when, where, why: sewage system

city planners in Paris and London. sewer lines underneath streets to have clean water supplies and better sanitation methods. mid-1800's. London and Paris. Sewage systems were important to world history because they allowed for a more healthy city; sanitation and hygiene improved from these, preventing the spread of deadly epidemics and cutting down death rates dramatically in crowded cities.

Type of imperialism: Australia and New Zealand

colony

Type of imperialism: Malaya/Burma

colony

Type of imperialism: South Africa

colony

Type of imperialism: West Africa

colony

What are the four forms of imperialism? (List an example of each)

colony - Somaliland, protectorate - Guam, sphere of influence - China, economic imperialism - India

What was the role of government in Socialism?

completely regulates business; high taxes and more public services

What happened in the Abolitionist Movements?

countries fought for the abolition of the slave trade and of slavery. Both happened in Britain (got rid of slave trade followed by slavery), and slavery was abolished in America following the Civil War

What are the 6 bonds of a nation?

culture, history, language, territory, nationality, religion

"To open to civilization the only part of our globe which it has not yet penetrated, to pierce the darkness which hangs over entire peoples, is, I dare say, a crusade worthy of this century of progress" -Leopold II 14. Based on the quote above how did Leopold II initially gain support to colonize Congo? a. The government of Congo wanted to be business partners with him and realized the massive opportunity for profit b. Congo was at war with many of the countries that supported Leopold c. Leopold wanted to improve the lives of Belgians and other Europeans d. Leopold promised to improve the lives of inferior natives and end slavery

1. What was the general attitude towards the varying cultures in the Pacific Islands a. Colonists wanted to eliminate all of the native population and instead replace with own foreign population b. Colonists wanted to remove all remnants of Native culture and lifestyle c. Had indirect detrimental effects to native society while only interacting with them d. Both B and C

12. What does the coiling snake symbolize in the political cartoon? a. The harsh taxes imposed on the Congolese b. The Congolese threatening to overthrow the Belgian government c. The European government attempting to encourage and strengthen the native people d. The brutal control the Europeans had over the Congolese people

12. What served as a marker of status Khoekhoe? a. Gold and Jewels b. Land c. Yams d. Livestock

13. What are the main reasons for Imperialism? a. God b. Glory c. Gold d. All of the above

14. What immediate impact of colonization affected West Africa the most? a. Christian missionaries converting Africans to their religion by sharing the Bible b. Disease sweeping through Africa killing many off c. Being under another country's rule d. The complete stripping of their culture and early traditions

15. Again using the quote, how did this quote contrast from his real intentions? a. He actually wanted to expand Belgium's territory b. It did not, he wanted to bring European civilization to improve the lives of the natives c. He wanted to convince European powers of his legitimacy d. He actually wanted to profit from the rubber industry

2. What were some general effects of colonization in the Pacific Islands a. Loss of Culture b. Exploitation of Natural Resources c. Implementation of Western Lifestyle d. All of the above

21. Who ruled African nations before the colonization? a. Common people b. African Kings c. Church missionaries d. Absolute monarchs

23. What does the image show about the Belgian rule on the native population of Congo? a. They cared for the well-being of children and women b. They wanted to build a strong internal economy so that the country of Congo could thrive c. They had effective medicine that could heal wounds very quickly d. They cared about profit more than the people so they exploited the population and were brutal towards them

24. What were the two main products that were in the Sahara trade system? a. Gold and Ivory b. Salt and Ivory c. Coffee and Oil d. Gold and Salt

25. What was the main economic goal of the Europeans with the colonization of Africa? a. Enslave native Africans for cheap labor b. Control all trade routes c. Control rivers where trade channeled through d. All of the above

25. Which of these did James cook NOT discover? a. Fiji b. Christmas Island c. Hawaiian Islands d. The Philippines

26. What sort of effect would the 1800's gold and diamond rushes have on South Africa today? a. They now have a stable and growing economy b. They now play a significant role in resource exports c. They now have some illegal and underground mining practices d. All of the above

26. What were small villages in the Congo grouped into? (Cami) a. Kingdoms b. Villages c. Provinces d. Districts

26. Who discovered Tahiti? a. Samuel Wallis b. Louis Antoine de Bougainville c. James Cook d. Both A and B

27. What type of governments did the Philippines have under American Occupation? a. Residencia, Vista, Royal Audiencia b. Alcaldía, Corregimiento c. Legislative, Executive, Judicial d. Military,Commonwealth,Civil

29. Why would the Boers fight back against the British army and not just instantly surrender, even when they were massively outnumbered (500,000 British - 87,000 Boers)? a. The Boers couldn't give up the gold and diamonds deposits b. They had to defend their homes and where they grew up c. They knew that they were racially superior and couldn't imagine surrendering d. They were well led and were familiar with the African landscape compared to the poorly led British army

3. How did the Belgians force the Congolese to work harder? a. Kidnapped their families b. Beat and executed those who did not work well enough or cheated c. Severed hands of people who did not meet the daily quota d. All of the above

30. What type of government is Puerto Rico currently under and when did they declare it? a. Legislative Executive, Judicial July 3, 1917 b. Military May 6, 1917 c. Commonwealth July 3, 1975 d. Commonwealth July 25, 1952

30. Why did Cheikh Ahmadou Bamba create the Mouride Brotherhood? a. To create a force to fight against French colonization b. To form a centralized and modernized army c. To support other resistance groups in West Africa d. To preserve social and economic autonomy

33. What initially formed the South African Union? a. They didn't like how the British ruled at the time b. The British built over their sacred land c. Africans were being paid low wages in the mining industry d. The Africans realized the British would never accept them

37. How was colonization most likely to impact West Africa today? a. The establishment of the Slave Trade b. The imbalance of trade gain between West Africa and other countries c. New knowledge of land and resource access d. The European influence on language, lifestyle, and culture

39. What type of colonization did King Leopold II establish with the Congolese people? a. A colony b. A sphere of influence c. None of these were the types of colonization that King Leopold established with the Congolese people d. Economic Imperialism

4. How did the Western lifestyle affect the native people's way of life before colonization a. Changed people's diets b. Caused new classes of social hierarchy c. Promoted native culture through festivals d. Both A and B

41. How did indirect colonization affect West Africa positively? a. Gave more opportunities b. Increased divisions between groups c. Gave power to people who didn't have some originally d. B and C e. A and B

42. What was a negative effect of direct colonization in West Africa? a. Whites treated Africans in the colonies as tools for business b. Had no negative effects c. There was little economic variety d. They were pressured to be "civilized" which ruined the original culture

43. Who was responsible for the launch of the first nationwide Congolese political party? a. King Leopold II b. The Belgian government c. Kwame Nkrumah d. Patrice Lumumba

44. What was the primary goal of the Congress during that time? a. Grant voting rights to colored people b. Help the economic gap between colored and white people c. To help overthrow the government d. To end Apartheid

45. Markets continued to support Western growth as consumers of what? a. European textiles b. Iron pots c. Food d. All of the above

46. Analyze the maps. What changes can you infer were brought about by imperialism of African kingdoms by European countries from 1880 to 1913? a. No changes were brought about by European countries b. European countries changed the political boundaries of Africa immensely c. European countries chipped away at African culture and heritage through the redrawing of political boundaries in Africa d. European countries shaped the political boundaries of Africa by taking over indigenous people and assimilating them into their culture

47. Many native Africans resisted the European rule of their native land. What are way(s) that they resisted their European rulers? a. They refused to work b. They fought the Europeans through resistance movements c. They protested d. All of the above

48. How did the United States help the Philippines? a. They Provided Free Education b. They Provided Religious Freedom c. They Improved Health Care d. All of the Above

48. How many seats were originally in the House of Representatives? a. 36 b. 150 c. 17 d. 121

5. How did the implementation of western culture into native lives affect present day Pacific Islands? a. Added new military bases affecting native lands and historical sites but providing protection from powers b. Provided new economic development areas and but also exploitation of natural resources c. Cultural exploitation d. All of the Above

55. What is one similarity between the US in the Philippines and the Pacific islands? a. Both Military colonization b. Both had constitutional governments U.S. in the Philippines & Pacific Islands Quiz Questions c. Both were promised freedom d. Only A and B

55. Why were the United States so interested in the Belgian Congo during World War II? a. The Congo had vast amounts of rubber b. The Congo could be mined for gold and diamonds, as well as other metals c. The Congo had a large amount of Uranium d. All of the above

56. What ends the second Anglo-Boer War? a. Shaka and his army b. Status of the Union Act c. Third Anglo-Boer War d. Treaty of Vereeniging

57. How did the United States further help the Philippines? a. Improved healthcare b. Modernized education c. Made economic reforms d. All of the above

58. What did the Philippines give the US? (why were they beneficial to the US) a. Helped them with trade b. Gave them resources c. More land and labor workers d. All the above

6. What was the result of colonization on the general population in the Pacific Islands a. Indirectly killed through diseases b. Friendly interactions with Natives and allowed independence instantly c. Forced slavery on native people d. Both A and C

6. Why is the Slave Trade considered the start of imperialism in Africa a. The slave trade is when Europe first began making connections with Africa b. The Slave Trade boosted Africa and Europe's economy c. European slave traders began exploring Africa and taking control d. Both a and d

8. Why did the "Scramble for Africa" even happen? a. Europeans wanted to spread their religion b. Competition between European countries c. Exploration and trade d. All of the Above

Congo Quiz Questions 16. Analyze the political cartoon. What would be the BEST title for the picture? a. The Strong Economy of Congo b. European Aid to the Wealth of Congo c. Social Darwinism's Effect on the African Population d. The Horrors behind the Wealth of Congo

Congo Quiz Questions 36. The territory of the Congo was occupied by which of these empires? (choose the best answer) a. Kongo Kingdom b. Luba Empire c. Lunda Empire d. All of the above

Congo Quiz Questions 45. What was the main reason for the growing tension between the Europeans and the native Congolese? (Choose the best answer) a. Social Darwinism b. Exploitation of natural resources without consent c. Forced assimilation of culture d. None the above

Grey and black lines are railroads, and blue lines are navigable waterways Congo Quiz Questions "I do not want to miss a good chance of getting us a slice of this magnificent African cake" - King Leopold II of Belgium 49. What does this quote show about his motivations for claiming the Belgian Congo? a. He regarded it as an area to be exploited b. He wanted to enlarge his (and Belgium's) territory c. He saw Africa as something to be divided up d. All of the above

South Africa Quiz Questions 16. Who were the first inhabitants of South Africa? a. The Khoekhoe b. The Zulus c. The Boers d. The San

South Africa Quiz Questions 24. What could have influenced Lobengula of Matabeleland to set his own capital on fire and flee? Choose the best answer. a. He was surrendering b. His army was no match for the British's maxim guns c. He didn't want to die d. All of the above

South Africa Quiz Questions 53. When did colonialism begin? a. 1901 b. 1578 c. 1806 d. 1652

U.S. in the Philippines & Pacific Islands Quiz Questions 7. 7. Using the map of the Pacific Islands, what primary reason for colonization in the Pacific Islands is represented on the map? a. Political b. Religious c. Ideological d. Economic

West Africa Quiz Questions 31. What contributed to an increase in West African education? a. The Colonial Development Act b. African Investors c. The American Civil War d. A and B

West Africa Quiz Questions 7. Would Africa had been better off without being colonized? a. Yes because if the Europeans had not colonized them they would have been colonized by Asia, more influential countries b. Yes because Europe just killed all the Africans anyways c. No because Europe helped Africa learn the Europeans new ways of life that were better than their old ways d. None of the above are logical expressions as to if Africa would have been better off

What are the causes of Absolutism? (6)

decline of feudalism, rise of cities, growth of national kingdoms, growing middle class, breakdown of the Church, religious/territorial conflicts

Who was Bessemer?

developed cheap process for making steel from iron

How did transportation and communication change in the 2nd phase of the I.R.?

development of railroads, steamships, automobiles, airplanes, telegraph, telephone

What are the Methods of Management? Which countries favored which type?

direct (preferred by France/rest of Europe) - colonies governed according to needs by country, or indirect (preferred by Britain) - existing political rulers accept European authority but handle own affairs

Causes of Russian Nationalism Mvmt

discontent with serfdom, trying to seize Ottoman land, lack of infrastructure, suppressing other cultures

Why didn't the Gran Colombia work?

dissention among various factions; disagreements and geographically divided countries

What was the role of government in Capitalism?

does not regulate business; people compete to get money and property for their own good

How did native Africans protect themselves from the germs that caused disease such as smallpox/malaria?

domesticated animals, vaccinations, antibodies, settled in high/dry/small communities

Results of Austrian-Hungary Nationalism Mvmt

dual monarchy, Slavic groups angry, separate states, constitution, Parliament

21. What factor(s) could have led to diversity in Cape Town? There may be more than one correct answer. Select all of the correct answers. a. Previous British colonization allowed for there to be a mix of settlers and South Africans b. It was a cultural center c. Cape Town was an area of segregation d. Cape Town was home to many international businesses e. Both answers A & B

Type of imperialism: Dutch East Indies

economic imperialism

Type of imperialism: Hawaii

economic imperialism

Type of imperialism: India

economic imperialism

Type of imperialism: Congo

economic imperialism --> sphere of influence

Causes of German Nationalism Mvmt

economic union promoted unity, widespread support

How did Enlightenment ideas spread to Latin America?

educated Creoles read Enlightenment works and saw the American Revolution/French Revolution

What reforms to British Parliament were made?

ended religious restrictions on voting, more representation of different people and classes in Parliament, limited power of House of Lords

How did the transition from rural to urban life take place?

factory growth brings people to cities looking for work; cities grow near energy sources such as coal/water; cities begin to double/triple in size

How did Social Darwinism impact social values and businesses during the 2nd phase of the I.R.?

factory owners, government workers, and other members of the middle or upper class used this logic to justify their own gains and continue to reap benefits from their lower class workers, telling themselves that they could get ahead because they were inherently better

Who, what, when, where, why: working class

factory workers during the Industrial Revolution. the lower class of people who were employed in factories. 1700's to 1900's and still continuing on. Britain, US, Germany, and other industrializing nations. The working class was important to world history because it was a new social class and was the labor force to power many nations. They operated machines and worked in factories to change how work was generally done.

Why did labor unions form?

factory workers were tired of the unsatisfactory conditions they worked in and the almost tyranny of their overseers

Main events of Italian Nationalism Mvmt

failed attempt to unify, Naples/Sicily unite under Victor Emmanuel II, France withdraws

Who, what, when, where, why: agricultural revolution

farmers and inventors in Britain. a change in the farming field improving the quality and quantity of farming products. 1700's. Britain. The Agricultural Revolution was important to world history because it led to a surplus, enabling workers to take part in jobs other than farming. This allowed for the Industrial Revolution.

Radicalism

favoring the drastic change to extend democracy to all, believing governments should practice French Revolution ideals like liberty, equality, and brotherhood

What government did the American Constitution create?

federal republic with division of power

What happened in the Suffrage movements?

first suffrage was fought for for working class men, and then universally for men; later, women's suffrage was fought for, though they did not achieve it until much later

What new technologies resulted to fuel the textile industry in Great Britain?

flying shuttle, spinning jenny, cotton gin, water frame, steam engine

When did the 2nd phase of the Industrial Revolution start?

following the American Civil War; 1870

What are the major effects of imperialism on societies around the world and World History?

for Europeans: more workers, more machines, more money, more factories, raw materials, more customers. for the colonized people, disease, slavery, nationalism, industrialization, westernization, modernization, etc.

What are negative results of nationalism?

forced assimilation of minorities into majority cultures, ethnic cleansing, rise of extreme nationalism movements like Nazism, competition between nations leading to warfare

What is the National Assembly?

formed by mostly members of the Third Estate who met in a tennis court; take over government and pass the Declaration of the Rights of Man, taking over Church/king's power

Who, what, when, where, why: capitalism

founded by Adam Smith, involved business tycoons. economic system run by a free market in which the government does not regulate business. late 1700's but idea still continues today. Britain, US, other industrialist nations. Capitalism is important to world history because principles of it are still used today. It impacted the economy greatly, creating a gap between rich and poor and allowing for personal gain, and the US today still has a fairly capitalist economy.

What were the main Enlightenment ideas present in the D.O.I.?

government must protect natural rights, right to overthrow unjust government, idea of popular sovereignty

Which of Ivan the Terrible's policies strengthened Russia?

he added land, created a code of law, and ruled justly

Which of Ivan the Terrible's policies weakened Russia?

he created a secret police to execute traitors, killed his son, killed an entire city, and enjoyed performing elaborate forms of torture

Causes of Irish Nationalism Mvmt

high taxes, English tyranny in Ireland, potato famine

What is a monopoly?

huge corporate structures that control entire industries or areas of the economy

What effects came from the Latin American revolutions?

idea of popular sovereignty, nationalism, multiculturalism, many independent nations

Who, what, when, where, why: socialism

ideas stemmed from Karl Marx. an economic system in which goods are regulated by the government. 1800's but ideas still present today. throughout Europe but today is in Sweden, Canada, etc. Socialism is important to world history because it impacted many nations' economies and is still fairly present today. This idea allowed for less freedom but more fairness towards people's wealth and status.

What are interchangeable parts?

identified components that can be used in place of each other in machines

What reforms to the Separation of Church/State were made?

in France, all religions became free to practice their religion but without any special treatment from the government

How did Napoleon rise to power?

in the near chaos in France, he overthrew the directory and set up a 2-man government called the Consulate

Why did the Industrial Revolution spread to Germany and the US?

in these countries, the government played a huge role, mass production was possible, and there was a culture of consumption established

Causes of Ottoman Empire Nationalism Mvmt

independent states

Results of Italian Nationalism Mvmt

infrastructure built, internal unrest, male suffrage, population explosion, constitutional monarchy with 2-house legislature, industrialization, economic development

Who, what, when, where, why: assembly line

invented by Henry Ford, used factory workers in Britain and the US. a system in which workers stand in one place, performing the same task over and over. 1900's and still used today. invented in US, used in industrialist nations. The assembly line is important to world history because it cut down greatly the time it took to build complicated products, making production more efficient and cheap. This then enabled mass production and more accessibility to these products.

Who, what, when, where, why: seed drill

invented by Jethro Tull. an invention that deposited seeds in rows rather than scattering them wastefully over the land. 1701. used in Britain. The seed drill was important to world history because it was one of the many inventions that eased farming, leading to the second agricultural revolution. By enabling easier production of food, surpluses were created, enough that other people could pursue other jobs and allowing for the Industrial Revolution to occur.

Who, what, when, where, why: water frame

invented by Richard Arkwright. a cotton-spinning machine powered by water. 1769. Britain. The water frame was important to world history because it sped up and eased the spinning of cotton, helping the British textile industry advance, one of the first steps of the Industrial Revolution.

Who, what, when, where, why: telegraph

invented by Samuel Morse. a machine that could send coded messages over wires by means of electricity. 1844. Europe and North America. The telegraph was important to world history because it improved communication immensely; messages could be relayed much more quickly, a huge accomplishment at the time.

Who was Faraday?

inventor of the electric motor and first dynamo

Who was Edison?

inventor of the light bulb/electric lights

Who, what, when, where, why: railroads

inventors like George Stephenson. iron rails that could carry trains across land to connect cities. early 1800's. Britain, Europe, North America. Railroads were important to world history because they allowed factory owners and merchants to ship goods swiftly and cheaply over land. The economy and connection were thus improved.

Why was the Mexican Revolution of 1820 more successful?

it had the support of the Creoles

How did the Enlightenment cause political changes in Europe?

it influenced Absolute monarchs to reform many laws and grant more freedom/rights while also inspiring the middle classes to rise up and see their individual freedoms

Why is the Industrial Revolution important to world history?

it led to new economic systems, new technologies and innovations, a shift from rural life to urban life, and imperialism

What effects did the Agricultural Revolution have on the Industrial Revolution?

it spurred it on; there was improved food production and a surplus, leading to workers who didn't have to only work on food production

What reforms to Crime and Punishment were made?

justice system reformed, capital offenses reduced, executions/use of death penalty reduced

How did geography work against European settlers in Africa?

land impossible to plow, crops wouldn't grow, shoes fell apart in mud, disease, animals died

What happened with Free Trade Reforms?

large movements were made towards repealing tariffs to support a laissez-faire government

What is economic imperialism?

less-developed country controlled by private business interests rather than another government

What did Simon Bolivar do?

liberated many countries from Spanish rule with his armies from 1811-1828

What did Jose de San Martin do?

liberated many southern Latin American countries

What were working conditions like for the poor in the I.R.'s 2nd phase?

long hours, low wages, unsafe working conditions, no vacation/leave/rights, etc.

How did Enlightenment ideas influence Absolute rulers?

many embraced Enlightenment (in theory) to please the public, but still wanted absolute power. rulers like Frederick the Great, Joseph II, and Catherine II led a series of reforms based on Enlightenment ideas

When and where did the first European settlers arrive in Africa?

mid-1600's, Cape of Good Hope

Liberalism

middle class business owners/merchants who advocated for more power to elected parliaments and for voting rights to educated/landowning people

Main events of Prussian Revolution

middle-class Prussians want a unified, liberal Germany, constitution established, Frankfurt National Assembly (later rejected)

What were Enlightened Despots?

monarchs who embraced the Enlightenment

Which Mexican social class led the cause for independence?

natives/mestizos until Creoles unite against Spain and join in independence

What were the 3 major areas of change in the 2nd phase of the Industrial Revolution?

new innovations/inventions, rise of big business, and changes in the workplace

Results of Russian Nationalism Mvmt

new local government systems, new prime minister, Jews fled, national legislature met, still autocracy, industrialization, improved infrastructure

What impacted the second Agricultural Revolution?

new technological/farming developments like the enclosure act, better seeding/harvesting methods, crop rotation, and livestock breeding improvements

What was the role of government in Communism?

no government; all property and businesses owned by community and run by the people

What was the role of government in Utilitarianism?

no interference, but support people; people free to pursue own advantages and push for progressive reforms

What were factory conditions like for the British working class?

often unsafe and dangerous, with harsh punishment and low wages

How were goals achieved and laws passed in the 2nd phase of the Industrial Revolution?

often, businesses would bribe legislators to pass laws in favor of companies, and the government would sell resources to companies at very low prices

How did the regulation of the standard of living and working for workers rise?

over time, reformers pressed for laws to improve conditions and labor unions won the right to bargain with their employers for better conditions. living conditions improved with urban renewal and the growing wealth of industrialization.

What are positive results of nationalism?

overcoming differences for the common good, overthrow of colonial rule, democratic government, competition among nations leading to scientific/technological advances

What were the living conditions and city conditions like for the English working class?

overcrowded, dirty, no running water, lack of sanitation, lack of education

Causes of Austrian-Hungary Nationalism Mvmt

people desired change, workers unhappy

Causes of Chinese Nationalism Mvmt

period of decline, expanded European markets/military, Opium Wars, unequal treaties take advantage of China

What happened during urban renewal?

poor areas of the city were rebuilt, putting in place wide boulevards and public buildings as well as skyscrapers and sewer systems

Type of imperialism: Egypt

protectorate

Type of imperialism: French Indochina

protectorate

Type of imperialism: Philippines/Pacific Islands

protectorate

Main events of French Revolution

radicals revolt for democratic government

What new developments increased the pace of conquest in Africa?

railroads and Maxim gun

What were the five major Enlightenment ideas?

reason, nature, happiness, progress, and liberty

Main events of Greek Revolution

rebelled against Ottoman Empire and British/French/Russian fleets destroy Ottoman Empire's hold on Greece; treaty signed for independence

Who, what, when, where, why: labor unions

reformers in the working class. workers' organizations seeking to initiate work reforms. 1800's. US, Britain, other industrial nations. Labor unions were important to world history because they pushed for labor reforms and eventually led to more rights for workers, such as shorter workdays and the right to bargain with their overseers about their working requirements and conditions.

What were the benefits of Napoleon?

restored order, encouraged industry, set up public functions, had support among all social classes, made peace with Church and merchants, recognized peasant rights, opened up jobs based on talent, Napoleonic Code

Main events of Ottoman Empire Nationalism Mvmt

revolts in 1800's, conquered in many places

Main events of Austrian-Hungary Nationalism Mvmt

revolts in 1848, Francis Joseph becomes king, lost wars

What caused the Latin American revolutions?

revolutionary ideas from other areas as well as discontent over social, racial, and political system that emerged from Spanish rule

What are negative impacts of industrialization?

rich get richer while poor get poorer, unsatisfactory working and living conditions, skilled workers/artisans lose jobs, lost value of goods, child/slave labor

What was life like in Saint-Domingue before the Haitian Revolution? (social system, people, slave labor)

richest French colony with many plantations, made up of 90% African slaves, petit blancs, free ppl of color, and grand plancs (in that order socially)

Main events of Belgian Revolution

riots broke out against Dutch rule until they declared independence

What new technologies and techniques resulted from the second Agricultural Revolution?

seed drill, fertilizer, crop rotation, enclosure

Main events of Chinese Nationalism Mvmt

self-strengthening movement, Sino-Japanese War (Japan gains Taiwan), Open Door Policy, Hundred Days of Reform, Qing Dynasty falls

What was Napoleon's impact on Haiti's revolution for independence?

sent his army to Haiti to reconquer it and re-institute slavery

Unifying, Separatist, or State-building: Austrian-Hungary

separation

Unifying, Separatist, or State-building: India

separation

Unifying, Separatist, or State-building: Ireland

separation

Unifying, Separatist, or State-building: Ottoman Empire

separation

Unifying, Separatist, or State-building: Russia

separation

How did latitude lines help the Europeans who settled in South Africa?

similar latitude from the Equator as Europe; farming easier

Type of imperialism: China

sphere of influence

Type of imperialism: Ottoman Empire

sphere of influence

Type of imperialism: Persia

sphere of influence

How did disease allow the Europeans to conquer natives in the Americas and African Cape?

spread and wreaked havoc on natives who had no prior exposure to the germs

Main events of Polish Revolution

staged revolt against Russian rulers, but Russia crushes revolt within a year

What improvements in transportation occurred during the Industrial Revolution?

steam engine powers railroad system and steamships

Who was Krupp?

steelmaking industry tycoon

Which of Louis XIV's policies strengthened France?

supported mercantilism (improved economy), acquired many overseas colonies, supported the arts

What new technologies were created in the 2nd Industrial Revolution?

telegraph, telephone, Bessemer steel process, electricity, automobiles, airplanes

What is a colony?

territory governed internally by a foreign power

What is a protectorate?

territory with its own government, under control of an outside power

When did the Enlightenment occur?

the 1600's and 1700's, though the late 1700's were its peak

What were the major causes of the Industrial Revolution?

the Agricultural Revolution (more food, enclosure movement leading to unemployed farmers), population growth (unemployed farmers become factory labor force), new technology with steam and coal (transportation, power industry), positive feedback loop

What is the only war with a higher percentage of American deaths than the revolutionary war?

the Civil War

What did the National Convention create?

the Committee of Public Safety as well as a new government where all men had the right to vote

What influenced Karl Marx?

the Industrial Revolution; he saw the gap between social classes growing and theorized that the classes would eventually war unless given equality

What is nationalism?

the belief that people should be loyal to their nation

Who was Cardinal Richelieu?

the chief minister for Louis XIII before he became old enough to rule on his own, who declared war on Spain in the French phase of the Thirty Year's War and began to wipe Protestantism from France

What is the Bill of Rights? What main Enlightenment ideas are present there?

the first ten amendments to the Constitution. guaranteed basic rights such as speech, religion, press, bearing arms, due process of law, etc.

What is the Storming of the Bastille and what did it symbolize?

the first violent act of the French Revolution to get weapons and free prisoners; symbolized the violence that would soon come

What were the effects of Big Business?

the gap between the rich and poor grew larger, and corruption happened between big businesses and the government. prices could be set by businesses and be set very high, as monopolies were formed.

What were the Corn Law reforms?

the high tariff on imported grain was repealed

What is Social Darwinism?

the justification of racism and classism; explaining the prosperity of different classes of society through 'survival of the fittest'

Who was Cardinal Mazarin?

the principal minister and adviser to young Louis XIV's mother, basically ruling France while Louis was too young. He continued Richelieu's policies, with the goals of making the French king as strong as possible and of making France the most powerful country in Europe.

What is imperialism?

the social, political, or economic domination of one country over another

What caused the gap between social classes in the Industrial Revolution?

the wealth brought to the rich middle class did not trickle down to the working class; they gained lots of profits from the factories and industries they owned or invested in while the working class's wages remained the same

How did the Enlightenment cause cultural changes in Europe?

there was a newfound belief in progress, the important of individualism, and a secular outlook (no religious or spiritual basis, changed way of thinking about religion)

Why did monarchs around Europe want to restore Louis XVI to the French throne?

they did not want their nations to revolt against them like France was; they wanted to keep their power

Where did Enlightenment ideas spread?

they spread through salons, where people met to discuss ideas, and through books, letters, and works of fiction where philosophies were often hidden, as well as art/architecture/music and encylopedias

How did the history of colonization in Africa create countries riddled with disease?

they were forced to settle in European-like dense cities rather than previous spread-out villages

What did labor unions seek to do?

they wished to initiate worker reforms, such as increases in pay or better working conditions

What were the French estates?

three classes - the Roman Catholic Church (First Estate), the nobles (Second Estate), and the middle class/peasants (Third Estate). The Church and nobles together were 3% of the population, but owned 70% of the land, while the 97% of the population that were middle class/peasants were very poor

Main events of Italian Revolution

tried to separate, but Austria sent troops to restore order

What happened in Boukman's Rebellion?

underfed/overworked slaves revolted in 1791; there were secret meetings led by Toussaint L'Ouverture, supported by the Spanish, ending in fighting and 10,000 white people fleeing Haiti

What was life in France like under Louis XIV?

unfair taxation, no support for Protestants (Edict of Nantes revoked), class conflict (between Estates), frequently at war (including war of Spanish succession), lots of money wasted (Versailles), persecution/loss of Huguenots

Unifying, Separatist, or State-building: Germany

unification

Unifying, Separatist, or State-building: Italy

unification

Unifying, Separatist, or State-building: China

unification (?)

What happened with Labor Union/Working Condition economic reform movements?

unions began to grow, as well as support for unions; additionally, working conditions improved to become more safe and equal, getting rid of child and women labor

Main events of German Nationalism Mvmt

united under Prussian rule by Auto van Bismarck

What are the main causes of nationalism?

upset balance of power created by Congress of Vienna, revolutions, used by authoritarian rulers to keep them in power

What was child labor like in England?

very unsafe, dangerous jobs, in which children often became severely injured and malnourished

Which of Louis XIV's policies weakened France?

wasted money and acquired debt, canceled Edict of Nantes, excluded any from his councils, unsuccessful invasion of Netherlands, power (other nations formed alliance against France), heavy taxes, wars

Why were Marie Antoinette and Louis XVI disliked?

weak leaders, extravagant spending, didn't try to help France, queen wasn't French

What are positive impacts of industrialization?

wealth brought to new, rich middle class, increased /cheaper manufacturing of goods --> wide accessibility of products, more jobs with low/unskilled workers, lowered cost of goods

What did Toussaint L'Ouverture start as? What did he help do? What title was he given? How did he die?

wealthy freed slave, helped lead Haitian independence, given title of governor general for life, died when imprisoned in French prison (deceived by French officials asking for 'truce')

Conservatism

wealthy property owners/nobility who protected the monarchy

Results of Chinese Nationalism Mvmt

westernization, more women's rights, economic expansion, urban workers' rights, nationalism/democracy/livelihood spread

What were the downfalls of Napoleon?

women lost rights of citizenship, rise of nationalism, alliances formed against France, Continental System hurt Europe's trade, oppressive

What is the assembly line?

workers in a line each doing a different job and passing the manufactured object down the line to ease production

What happened in the Haitian Civil War?

years of fighting with more lives lost than any other American revolution. Spain, Britain, and France all had armies fighting there. Resulted in slavery abolished, Toussaint's forces controlling most of the island, and Toussaint becoming a French official

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