Horticulture Final
Flowering shrubs develop next year's buds just before flowering.
False
If trees and shrubs are watered deploy, shallow root systems are encouraged to develop.
False
It is not always important to have specific goals in mind prior to pruning to achieve the best results.
False
It is not very important to know the actual purpose of the landscape because there are many other more important factors that should be considered when preparing a landscape plan. True or False?
False
Once established, in times of drought, trees and shrubs do not require watering.
False
To maximize the efficiency of water usage, it is important that the soil is tilled as shallow as possible and to increase aeration, drainage, and nutrient- and water holding-capacity of the soil.
False
Today the only acceptable landscape plans are created using a computer and CAD program. True or False?
False
When pruning trees, leave the water sprouts intact in encourage vigorous growth.
False
This type of pruning is commonly used in flowering shrubs that have stopped flowering and fruit trees that have been neglected.
Heading back Renewal pruning All of the above
Should tree paint be used to protect wounds after pruning?
No longer used commonly to protect wounds caused by pruning because it was not needed.
A hot tub would general be located in the ______ area of the landscape.
Private
____ is a design principle.
Proportion
What should be done to pruning equipment prior to use to obtain the best results, and what are five commonly used pruning tools?
Pruning equipment should be sharp 1. Shears 2. Manual saws 3. Power saws 4. Pole saws 5. Pruners
This pruning method allows good sunlight penetration to help fruit ripen.
Open center tree form
Successful landscaping begins with a good _____________________ followed by the proper _____________________ and routine _____________________.*
Plan, Installation, Maintenance
Foundation Planting
Plantings located along the walls or foundations of buildings.
What is tree topping, and is it commonly used today?
Reducing the total tree height by one-third to one-half by removing upper scaffold branches. Not commonly used today because it is not good for the tree
This type of pruning is used to rejuvenate old plants by removing old unproductive branches, thereby promoting vigorous growth.
Renewal pruning
This type of landscape plan is a drawing indicating the location of plants and hardscaping objects in the landscape.
Site Plan
The most efficient watering systems are _____________________ and _____________________, whereas overhead sprinkler irrigation is generally less efficient.
Soaker hoses, Drip irrigation
Service Area
The area of a landscape near the rear entrance that is relatively isolated from the public and private areas, where utility accessories and unattractive items such as garbage cans are stored.
Private Area
The area of a landscape out of the view of the general public.
Public Area
The area of landscape seen from the street
Proportion
The floral design principle that is the relationship among size and shape, specific characteristics of the flowers, and the container used; the table or shelf and the room they are in all relate to proportion of a floral design. In the landscape design principle, it is the relationship between the sizes of the different types of plants used in a landscape design.
Line
The movement between two points within a floral design; can be created with round or linear materials. In landscape design, a one-dimensional effect produced by arranging three dimensional objects in a certain fashion.
Hardscaping
The permanent landscaping structures, including fences, patios, walks, driveways, retaining walls, and other inanimate features in the landscape.
Landscape Contractor
The person who uses architectural plans to install plants and hardscaping features into the landscape.
Balance
The physical and visual stability of a floral design or a landscape design principle, which uses equal weight of design elements to show uniformity.
Landscaping Planning
The preparation of details of how a site will be landscaped, including both the art and science involved.
Landscaping Design
The preparation ofa landscape plan for the beautification of a site; this includes drawings and supporting information with known specifications.
Site Analysis
The survey of a site to determine the presence, distribution, and characteristics both natural and synthetic, along with environmental conditions, at the site.
Form
The three-dimensional shape of the outline of the floral design, or in landscape design, a three-dimensional element; for example, a tree shape can be round, weeping, horizontal, and a variety of other shapes.
Landscaping
The use of plants to make outdoor areas more attractive
What are two commonly used trellises and two pruning methods used for grapes?
Trellises 1. Single-wire 2. Double-wire Pruning methods 1. Spur pruned 2. Cane pruned
By thinning out the plant, more light is able to penetrate to promote better fruit set, increased productivity, and overall quality.
True
Design of plantings begins with an outdoor room concept where the room consists of a floor, ceiling, and walls.
True
Designing plantings begins with an outdoor room concept where the room consists of a floor, ceiling, and walls. True or False?
True
In a xeriscape, the emphasis is on the use of plants with low moisture requirements. True or False?
True
Landscape planning is both an art and a science. True or False?
True
Leaving too much of a stub from the branch being pruned can cause disease to enter the tree.
True
Skills in both computer-aided design and hand-drawn design maximize job prospects. True or False?
True
The proper time to water when using sprinklers is during the morning and late evening to avoid excessive waste through evaporation. True or False?
True
Accent Planting
An area of particular beauty or interest established in a landscape.
Line Planting
Arrangement of plant material in a landscape to create the walls of the outdoor room.
What are four elements of design?
1. Color 2. Texture 3. Form 4. Line
What are four kinds of planting commonly used for arranging plant materials?
1. Corner plantings 2. Line plantings 3. Foundation plantings 4. Accent plantings
Be sure to fertilize during drought periods to help plants be stronger and resist drought stress.
False
What are eight general pointers that should be followed when making pruning cuts?
1. Define pruning goals and the best time of year to prune 2. Never take too much off 3. Use sharp tools 4. Prune dead or dying material first 5. Select branches with a wide branch angle 6. Do not prune too close to the trunk 7. Leave a small portion of the stem above the bud 8. Prune branches that are growing inward towards the center of the tree
List nine purposes for landscaping.
1. Enhance property value 2. Reduce noise 3. Helps structures blend into the terrain 4. Screen unsightly areas 5. Provide privacy 6. Prevent erosion 7. Control people and vehicle traffic 8. Reduce damage and injury 9. Recreation and outdoor activities
The scientific name of a specific plant is given here. For each numbered part of the name, write the taxon or, in the case of 4, the most appropriate term. Brassica oleraceae L. 'Union' Brassica 1. _____________________ oleracea 2. _____________________ "Union" 3. _____________________ L. 4. _____________________
1. Genus 2. Species 3. Cultivar 4. Authority
List four categories of landscaping.
1. Home landscaping 2. Landscaping public areas 3. Commercial landscaping 4. Specialty site landscaping
What are six important factors that should be considered when preparing a landscape plan?
1. How the plan is going to be created 2. Clients needs 3. Purpose for landscaping 4. Analysis of the site and its use 5. Plant material selection 6. Plant arrangement in the landscape
What are three boundaries that are found in the outdoor room?
1. Outdoor floor 2. Outdoor ceiling 3. Outdoor walls
What are nine factors that should be considered when selecting plants for the landscape?
1. Plant names 2. Deciduous or evergreen 3. Growth rate and maturity 4. Life span of the plant 5. Characteristics of flowers and fruits 6. Color 7. Soil, nutrient and pH requirements 8. Pest problems 9. Climatic requirements
What are three general areas into which a site can be broken down based on its use?
1. Public area 2. Private area 3. Service area
What are five principles of design?
1. Simplicity 2. Balance 3. Proportion 4. Focalization 5. Rhythm and line
What are five general categories of plant materials commonly used in the landscape?*
1. Trees 2. Shrubs 3. Groundcovers 4. Vines 5. Flowers
What are five important pruning goals?
1. Trim plants to maintain their natural beauty 2. Trim plants to obtain a desired effect 3. Eliminate dangerous branches 4. Enhance overall plant health 5. Enhance flower and fruit production
Site Plan
A drawing indicating the location of plants and hardscaping objects in the landscape.
Planting Plan
A drawing that uses symbols to specify the types and names of plants, their quantities, and locations in the landscape.
Xeriscaping
A form of landscaping that uses plants based on their water consumption.
Focalization
A landscape design principle creating an accent in a particular arrangement.
Rhythm and Line
A landscape design principle that deals with flow throughout the landscape.
Simplicity
A landscape design principle that uses a number of strategies to reduce high levels of variation and general distractions in the landscape.
Landscape Architect
A professional who establishes design plans for the installation of plants and hardscaping features outdoors to fulfill aesthetic and functional purposes.
Important elements of design and effect in landscaping include A. balance. B. complexity. C. a lot of maintenance. D. All of the above
A. Balance
Which of the following is a hardscape material?
All the above
____ is an example of a focal point.
All the above
Bush planting is another name for A. a person who plants bushes or shrubs for a living. B. an untrained person who tries to landscape without a knowledge of plant material. C. a landscape where bushes are used as the main portion of the design. D. All of the above
B. An untrained person who tries to landscape without a knowledge of plant material.
This color tends to recede when placed in the landscape.
Blue
Arboriculture is the term used to describe
C. The study of trees, their growth, and culture
List the five important external portions of the tree and the four key internal portions of the tree.
External portions 1. Crown or canopy 2. Terminal or leader 3. Scaffold branches 4. Trunk 5. Suckers or water sprouts Internal portions 1. Outer bark 2. Phloem 3. Cambium 4. Xylem 5. Pith
A good design and proper installation do not mean there will be a reduction in the amount of annual maintenance.
False
An important factor to analyze when preparing a landscape plan is the site; if this is done properly, any design can be used effectively.
False
An important factor to analyze when preparing a landscape plan is the site; if this is done properly, any design can be used effectively. True or False?
False
Successful landscaping begins with proper installation, followed by routine maintenance. True or False?
False (begins with good design)
To maximize the efficiency of water usage, it is important that the soil is tilled as shallow as possible and to increase aeration, drainage, and nutrient- and water holding-capacity of the soil. True or False?
False (deep)
The principles of design help people develop good designs that are economical to install even though they may be difficult to maintain. True or False?
False (easy to maintain)
When arranging plant materials, four kinds of plantings are commonly used. One of these is a line planting, which is planting along walls or foundations of buildings. True or False?
False (foundation planting)
Flowering shrubs develop next year's buds during the early spring.
False (immediately after flowering)
When arranging plant materials, four kinds of planting are commonly used. One of these is a corner planting, which creates the walls of the outdoor room. True or False?
False (line planting)
Sitescaping
Landscaping a small part of a larger area, which is used to meet the particular needs of people; for example, a small Chinese garden in a portion of the backyard.
What is the best time of the year to prune and why?
Late fall to early winter is the best time of the year to prune because few other farming operations are done at this time
Bush Planting
When an untrained person tries to landscape without any knowledge of plant materials.
Asymmetrical Balance
When different numbers of plants are on both sides of the landscape.
Symmetrical Balance
Where the same number and types of plants are on both sides of the landscape or in a floral design when the size and shape on both sides of a central axis are equal.
_____________________ is a form of landscaping that uses plants on the basis of their water requirements.*
Xeriscaping
Corner Planting
arrangement of plants in a landscape to create the frame of the outdoor room.
An important pruning goal is to decrease flower and fruit production.
f
In times of drought, trees and shrubs do not require watering.
f
Tree paint is commonly used to protect wounds after pruning.
f
Tree topping, which reduces the total height of the tree one-third to one-half by removing upper scaffold branches, is a common practice today.
f
When pruning, it is important to select branches with narrow branch angles to achieve a more compact plant
f
When pruning, it is very important to prune as close to the trunk as possible.
f
An important pruning goal is to maintain the plants' natural beauty.
t
Evergreens have a dead zone 6 to 12 inches below the green needles
t
Fertilization can be used to increase flower production in trees, shrubs, and flowering plants.
t
Grapes are usually grown on trellises.
t
Shade trees growing in the home landscape require little pruning.
t
The best time of year to prune is during the late fall to early winter because few other farming operations are done at this time.
t