How Computers Work
Which two of the following statements are correct regarding a byte?
- Each number, special character, and letter of the alphabet is represented as a byte - Equal to 8 bits
Petabyte (PB) Terabyte (TB) Gigabyte (GB) Megabyte (MB) Kilobyte (KB)
1,000 terabytes of data One trillion bytes of data One billion bytes of data One million bytes of data One thousand bytes of data
Which of the following is not part of the boot process?
Any installed anti-virus software checks the system for errors
Another name for a computer's processor is the:
CPU
A high-speed storage area usually located directly on the CPU is called __.
Cache
The depiction of image data on a display or output device is called __.
Graphics
Select 3 characteristics of a tablet computer.
Is highly mobile Has as a touchscreen Usually has a mobile operating system
The correct abbreviation for megahertz is:
MHz
A large computer, typically used by major retailors, banks, and many other financial institutions to process thousands of transactions per minute is called a ___ computer.
Mainframe
Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Place the highest capacity (largest) at the top.
Petabyte, Terabyte, Gigabyte,, Megabyte, Kilobyte
A set of rules or agreements for communication between devices that determine how data are transmitted and received is called __.
Protocols
Devices that integrate the computer case (chassis) and system components into the monitor, but have an external keyboard and mouse are called ___ computers
all-in-one
The loading of an operating system into the main memory of a device is called the process.
boot
The three factors that impact processor speed are clock speed, word size, and _____ .
bus width
Eight bits combined together equal one
byte
Memory and hold data used by processors.
caches
A digital device that accepts input, processes and stores the input, and provides output is a ____.
Computer
A digital device that accepts input, processes data into information, stores data, and provides output is a ______.
Computer
Which of the following terms refers to the physical parts of a computer system?
Hardware
IP, FTP, HTTP, and HTTPS are all acronyms that describe different
Protocols
The instructions needed to boot-up a computer, such as the basic input/output system (BIOS), are typically stored in _____.
ROM (Read Only Memory)
____ is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off.
ROM (Read-Only Memory)
Programs that are not designed to be re-written (such as UEFI or BIOS) are often placed in storage called ___-only-memory or ROM.
Read
Which three of the following devices are computers?
Smartphone, Laptop, Desktop
A hardware component that keeps data and information when the device is not powered is called a ____ device.
Storage
Eight bits are considered to make one of _______ information. In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), it is the data required to store one character, such as a letter or a number.
byte
In American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII), eight bits = one ___.
byte
One character of information, for example, a letter or a number consists of one
byte
The computer that can be found inside a programmable coffee pot is referred to as a(n) ___ computer. It has a real-time operating system.
embedded
The output of a computer that creates a visual image is called ___.
graphics
The output of visual images created by a computer is known as ____.
graphics
Memory, such as a computer's RAM ___
holds data and programs being used by the processor.
Megahertz means one _____ cycles (or instructions) per second.
million
Cache contains frequently accessed data and is ___.
much smaller than computer's RAM
A hole or slot in a computer, designed to accept a specific connector, is called a ___.
port
All computations and activities in a digital device are conducted by the ___
processor
A computer system in a network that is shared by multiple users is called a ___
server
Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ___ than data from the RAM.
slower
