HUEC 1110 EXAM 3 CHAPTER 9

Excessive intake of vitamin A from supplements could cause all of the following EXCEPT:

acne.

As the intake of polyunsaturated fats increases, the need for vitamin E:

increases

Vitamin D acts primarily in the:

intestine, kidney and bone

In the body, vitamin E:

is incorporated into chylomicrons,functions as a fat-soluble antioxidant,is used to neutralize free radicals.

Vitamin A is stable EXCEPT when exposed to:

light and oxygen.

The recommended intake of vitamin E is expressed in:

mgs of alpha-tocopherol

Vitamin E deficiency in the U.S. is most likely to be a problem in:

premature infants

Retin A and Acutane, derived from vitamin A, can do all of the following EXCEPT:

prevent one from getting the flu

The primary function of vitamin D in the body is to:

regulate calcium and phosphorus levels

Vitamin A is essential for ____________.

reproduction,growth,immune function

One reason that fat-soluble vitamins are grouped together is because they:

require bile and dietary fat for absorption

Which visual pigment is formed by the combination of retinal vitamin A and opsin that allows for perception of light?

rhodopsin

A vitamin D-deficiency syndrome characterized by bone deformities in children is called:

rickets

Children in developing nations are most likely to develop deficiency symptoms associated with which vitamin?

A

Deficiencies of vitamins _____ and _____ are most common in developing countries.

A&D

How does vitamin A affect gene expression?

It can change the amount of messenger RNA (mRNA) that is made by the gene

Which statement about the stability of vitamin E is FALSE?

It is often completely destroyed in the normal cooking process.

Reduced consumption of fruits and vegetables, tends to decrease intake of all of the following fat-soluble vitamins EXCEPT vitamin _____.

K

Which vitamin has the best known role in cell differentiation?

K

Which is true regarding vitamin E in the diet?

Most nutrition facts panels underestimate the amount of functional vitamin E

Which form of vitamin A is involved in vision?

Retinal

Which transports preformed vitamin A from liver stores to tissues?

Retinol binding protein

Which of the following is a good source of vitamin E?

Skim milk

Why would vitamin A deficiency cause eye infections and blindness?

Vitamin A maintains epithelial tissues

What is true about the function of vitamin D?

Vitamin D works with parathyroid hormone (PTH) to increase calcium retention by the kidneys

Why vitamin D is known as the "sunshine vitamin"?

It can be produced in the skin by exposure to ultraviolet light

Which food contains the highest amount of vitamin E?

Almonds

Which form(s) of vitamin A has antioxidant properties?

Carotenoids

Which group of people is most at risk for vitamin D deficiency?

Elderly

Which statement about fat soluble vitamins is FALSE?

Fat soluble vitamins are only found in plant-based foods.

Which of the following factors can explain why vitamin D deficiency is on the rise?

Increased use of sunscreen products

From Figure 9.4, what is true about night vision?

The regeneration of rhodopsin is delayed when vitamin A is deficient

What is the purpose of retinol activity equivalents?

To provide a factor for converting a quantity of carotenoids to an equivalent amount of vitamin A.

In the liver, vitamin E is incorporated into _______ and from there delivered to cells.

VLDLs

What is a function of vitamin E?

Vitamin E works with biotin to destroy harmful intestinal bacteria.

Which fat soluble vitamin can be synthesized by intestinal bacteria?

Vitamin k

Which of the following disease conditions is related to vitamin A's role in maintaining epithelial tissue?

Xerophthalmia

The carotenoid with the most vitamin A activity is ____________.

beta-carotene

Fat soluble vitamins require _______ and _______ for absorption into intestinal cells.

bile and dietary fat

Vitamin K is required to produce prothrombin, which is needed for:

blood clotting

Vitamin D regulates ________ and _________ balance in the body.

calcium; phosphorus

A condition in which carotenoids accumulate in adipose tissue causing skin discoloration is:

called hypercarotenemia.

Vitamin A toxicity occurs most frequently when large amounts of _________ is (are) ingested.

carrot juice

The action of sunlight on 7-dehydrocholesterol forms:

cholecalciferol

Fat soluble vitamins are transported from the intestine within ______________.

chylomicrons

The process whereby cell changes occur in structure and function leading to specialization is known as cell:

differentiation

The best way to increase antioxidant intake is to:

eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains

When vitamin A is deficient, all of the following occur EXCEPT:

epithelial cells produce too much mucus

When consumption of __________is insufficient, vitamin A absorption is decreased.

fat

Cystic fibrosis increases the risk of vitamin E deficiency because:

fat absorption is reduced

Vitamin E is essential for:

fertility

Examples of foods that are the highest in preformed vitamin A compounds include:

fish and dairy products.

The primary function of vitamin E is:

to act as an antioxidant.

The food that contains the most vitamin D is:

whole milk