HUEC 1110 EXAM 3 CHAPTER 9
Excessive intake of vitamin A from supplements could cause all of the following EXCEPT:
acne.
As the intake of polyunsaturated fats increases, the need for vitamin E:
increases
Vitamin D acts primarily in the:
intestine, kidney and bone
In the body, vitamin E:
is incorporated into chylomicrons,functions as a fat-soluble antioxidant,is used to neutralize free radicals.
Vitamin A is stable EXCEPT when exposed to:
light and oxygen.
The recommended intake of vitamin E is expressed in:
mgs of alpha-tocopherol
Vitamin E deficiency in the U.S. is most likely to be a problem in:
premature infants
Retin A and Acutane, derived from vitamin A, can do all of the following EXCEPT:
prevent one from getting the flu
The primary function of vitamin D in the body is to:
regulate calcium and phosphorus levels
Vitamin A is essential for ____________.
reproduction,growth,immune function
One reason that fat-soluble vitamins are grouped together is because they:
require bile and dietary fat for absorption
Which visual pigment is formed by the combination of retinal vitamin A and opsin that allows for perception of light?
rhodopsin
A vitamin D-deficiency syndrome characterized by bone deformities in children is called:
rickets
Children in developing nations are most likely to develop deficiency symptoms associated with which vitamin?
A
Deficiencies of vitamins _____ and _____ are most common in developing countries.
A&D
How does vitamin A affect gene expression?
It can change the amount of messenger RNA (mRNA) that is made by the gene
Which statement about the stability of vitamin E is FALSE?
It is often completely destroyed in the normal cooking process.
Reduced consumption of fruits and vegetables, tends to decrease intake of all of the following fat-soluble vitamins EXCEPT vitamin _____.
K
Which vitamin has the best known role in cell differentiation?
K
Which is true regarding vitamin E in the diet?
Most nutrition facts panels underestimate the amount of functional vitamin E
Which form of vitamin A is involved in vision?
Retinal
Which transports preformed vitamin A from liver stores to tissues?
Retinol binding protein
Which of the following is a good source of vitamin E?
Skim milk
Why would vitamin A deficiency cause eye infections and blindness?
Vitamin A maintains epithelial tissues
What is true about the function of vitamin D?
Vitamin D works with parathyroid hormone (PTH) to increase calcium retention by the kidneys
Why vitamin D is known as the "sunshine vitamin"?
It can be produced in the skin by exposure to ultraviolet light
Which food contains the highest amount of vitamin E?
Almonds
Which form(s) of vitamin A has antioxidant properties?
Carotenoids
Which group of people is most at risk for vitamin D deficiency?
Elderly
Which statement about fat soluble vitamins is FALSE?
Fat soluble vitamins are only found in plant-based foods.
Which of the following factors can explain why vitamin D deficiency is on the rise?
Increased use of sunscreen products
From Figure 9.4, what is true about night vision?
The regeneration of rhodopsin is delayed when vitamin A is deficient
What is the purpose of retinol activity equivalents?
To provide a factor for converting a quantity of carotenoids to an equivalent amount of vitamin A.
In the liver, vitamin E is incorporated into _______ and from there delivered to cells.
VLDLs
What is a function of vitamin E?
Vitamin E works with biotin to destroy harmful intestinal bacteria.
Which fat soluble vitamin can be synthesized by intestinal bacteria?
Vitamin k
Which of the following disease conditions is related to vitamin A's role in maintaining epithelial tissue?
Xerophthalmia
The carotenoid with the most vitamin A activity is ____________.
beta-carotene
Fat soluble vitamins require _______ and _______ for absorption into intestinal cells.
bile and dietary fat
Vitamin K is required to produce prothrombin, which is needed for:
blood clotting
Vitamin D regulates ________ and _________ balance in the body.
calcium; phosphorus
A condition in which carotenoids accumulate in adipose tissue causing skin discoloration is:
called hypercarotenemia.
Vitamin A toxicity occurs most frequently when large amounts of _________ is (are) ingested.
carrot juice
The action of sunlight on 7-dehydrocholesterol forms:
cholecalciferol
Fat soluble vitamins are transported from the intestine within ______________.
chylomicrons
The process whereby cell changes occur in structure and function leading to specialization is known as cell:
differentiation
The best way to increase antioxidant intake is to:
eat more fruits, vegetables, and whole grains
When vitamin A is deficient, all of the following occur EXCEPT:
epithelial cells produce too much mucus
When consumption of __________is insufficient, vitamin A absorption is decreased.
fat
Cystic fibrosis increases the risk of vitamin E deficiency because:
fat absorption is reduced
Vitamin E is essential for:
fertility
Examples of foods that are the highest in preformed vitamin A compounds include:
fish and dairy products.
The primary function of vitamin E is:
to act as an antioxidant.
The food that contains the most vitamin D is:
whole milk
