HuG Chapter 8 Key Issues 1 & 2

The concept that ethnicities have the right to govern themselves is known as a. self determination. b. centripetal determination. c. universal suffrage. d. nationalism. e. sovereignty.

a

The conflict in the Ukraine started as a result of a. the Russian minority declaring they were endangered in Ukraine. b. Russia's interest in Ukraine's Black Sea tourist industry. c. Russia's interest in Crimea's oil deposits. d. ignoring early signs of the Chernobyl disaster in the 1980s e. Russia's interest in Ukraine's coal deposits.

a

The first widespread use of the nation-state concept came in a. Western Europe. b. Mesopotamia. c. the United States. d. Southeast Asia. e. the Roman Empire.

a

This country is recognized as one of the most ethnically homogeneous in the world. a. Japan b. India c. Bangladesh d. Taiwan e. China

a

This is a sovereign state that comprises an urban area and the surrounding countryside. a. city-state b. primate-state c. nation-state d. rural-state e. homogeneous state

a

Which of the following is NOT true about Russia's multiethnic state? a. Russia prohibits secondary official languages to ensure Russian remains pure. b. Many ethnic groups are located along the borders such as those with Mongolia and the Caucasus states. c. Nineteen percent of its population is made up of 39 different ethnicities. d. Uralic speaking ethnicities are concentrated in the region between the Ural Mountains and the Volga River. e. Russia's constitution grants autonomy in local governance to the majority of its ethnic population.

a

A territory tied to a state rather than being completely independent is a a. patron-state. b. colony. c. nation-state. d. state. e. nation.

b

Among the world's largest multinational states are a. Australia and New Zealand. b. Russia and the United States. c. Japan and Denmark. d. Mexico and Russia. e. Mexico and Japan.

b

The Trans-Dniestria is a. a bridge spanning the Dniester River linking Moldova and Russia. b. a sliver of land on the east bank of the Dniester River in Moldova occupied largely by Russians and Ukrainians. c. a Free Trade Zone operated by the Ukraine. d. a Belarussian plain. e. a manufacturing region Russia controls.

b

The dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991 resulted in five groups of independent states, Russia and all but which of the following? a. Central Asian states (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan) b. Russia's central European States (Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Romania) c. Caucasus states (Azerbaijan, Armenia, Georgia) d. Baltic States (Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania) e. Russia's western European states (Belarus, Moldova, and Ukraine)

b

The world's smallest state is a. Tuvalu. b. Vatican City. c. Andorra. d. Monaco. e. Bahrain.

b

This country has built a sand wall around the disputed Sahrawi Republic. a. Malawi b. Morocco c. Mali d. Mauritania e. Mozambique

b

This island's capital is the only capital city in the world divided by an international ethnic boundary. a. Sardinia b. Cyprus c. Crete d. Ireland e. Sicily

b

Using the above map, the U.S. colony located east of the Philippines is a. Jarvis Island. b. Guam. c. the U.S. Virgin Islands. d. Palmyra. e. Puerto Rico.

b

Using the above map, the U.S. colony located west of the British Virgin Islands is a. the U.S. Virgin Islands. b. Puerto Rico. c. Palmyra. d. Jarvis Island. e. Guam.

b

Using the above map, which of the following is a small British colony in the Pacific Ocean? a. Hong Kong b. Pitcairn c. San Marino d. Puerto Rico e. St. Lucia

b

What might be the contemporary basis for conflicting claims to the Arctic? a. old Cold War grudges b. potential for energy resources c. shifting sea ice formations d. colonial expansion e. the proximity of South American and African countries

b

What was an important cultural characteristic of boundaries in nineteenth century France, Spain, and Portugal? a. mountains b. language c. kingdoms d. economics e. religion

b

Which country has experienced the most extreme "balkanization" since the dissolution of the Soviet Union? a. Belarus b. Georgia c. Azerbaijan d. Moldova e. Armenia

b

Which of the following countries has suffered in the twenty-first century from ethnic cleansing? a. Tajikistan b. Kyrgyzstan c. Turkmenistan d. Uzbekistan e. Kazakhstan

b

An area organized into an independent political unit is a a. territory. b. nationality. c. state. d. colony. e. nation.

c

Cultural boundaries include all but which of the following? a. geometric b. ethnic c. geomorphic d. linguistic e. religious

c

Cyprus a. allows for easy integration of Greeks and Turks. b. has a non-Greek, non-Turkish official language. c. has a UN Peacekeeping force patrolling the buffer zone. d. has a northern section that is recognized by the UN as the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. e. is not a member of the European Union.

c

Korea is a good example of a(n) a. colony divided between more than one ethnicity. b. patron-state. c. ethnicity divided between more than one state. d. sovereign state. e. nation-state existing in a unified condition.

c

Russia, today, recognizes ________ different ethnicities within its political borders. a. 79 b. 19 c. 39 d. 50 e. 100

c

The Fertile Crescent a. followed the Nile and Euphrates rivers. b. was the key to the Roman Empire in classical times. c. extended from the Persian Gulf to the Mediterranean Sea and was the location of the first city-states in the Middle East. d. was the location of the first city-states in the Middle East and the first large-scale agricultural projects of Sub-Saharan Africa. e. is sometimes considered to have extended from the Nile Valley to the Atlas Mountains.

c

The difference between a frontier and a boundary is a. a frontier marks the ends of a territory while a boundary is dynamic in its representation of territory. b. most boundaries have been replaced by frontier zones. c. a frontier is a tangible geographic area where a boundary is an infinitely thin line. d. a frontier is controlled by state coalitions while a boundary is controlled by one state. e. a frontier is uninhabited and a boundary is densely populated.

c

The only large land mass NOT part of a sovereign state is a. Greenland. b. Borneo. c. Antarctica. d. the Arctic. e. Siberia.

c

The problems experienced by Cyprus during the past four decades include all but which of the following? a. division of the capital city by a buffer zone patrolled by UN soldiers b. a Turkish army invasion c. a partition of the island by the British as part of independence d. a Greek-inspired military coup e. an increasing spatial segregation of Greeks and Turks

c

The republics of the former Soviet Union were established based on a. national resources. b. religious values. c. ethnic lines. d. linguistic lines. e. economic contributions.

c

These two countries are committed to unifying the nation but face disagreement as to which will be the dominant political and economic ideology. a. Moldova and Romania b. North and South Vietnam c. North and South Korea d. Lesotho and the Republic of South Africa e. Morocco and Sahrawi Republic

c

Using the above map, the British colony to the west of Angola is a. the Falkland Islands. b. Anguila. c. Saint Helena. d. the British Virgin Islands. e. Gibraltar.

c

Using the above map, the French colony northwest of the Pitcairn Islands is a. Aruba. b. Clipperton Island. c. French Polynesia. d. the Cook Islands. e. Kingman Reef.

c

A frontier, in contrast to a boundary, a. is the westernmost part of a state. b. separates two states. c. is a region of ethnic conflict. d. is an area rather than a line. e. has become a more common means to separate states.

d

A state with control over its internal affairs has a. nationality. b. centripetal forces. c. suffrage. d. sovereignty. e. ethnicity.

d

A(n) ________ is a state that contains more than one ethnicity with traditions of self-determination and self-government. a. fragile state b. anocracy c. city-state d. multinational state e. multi-linguistic state

d

Extremely small island-states in the world, many of which are former European colonies, are called a. small nation-states. b. island-colonies. c. island nations. d. microstates. e. macrostates.

d

Political unity in the ancient Mediterranean world reached its height in a. Egypt. b. the Fertile Crescent. c. the Alexandrian Empire. d. the Roman Empire. e. Western Europe.

d

The Senkaku/Diaoyu Islands represent the contested sovereignty of these three nations. a. The People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), Russia b. The People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), Australia c. The Philippines, Indonesia, Australia d. The People's Republic of China, the Republic of China (Taiwan), Japan e. Japan, Russia, The People's Republic of China

d

The attempt by one country to impose political control over another territory is a. suffrage. b. sovereignty. c. constitutionality. d. colonialism. e. self-determination.

d

The least populated remaining colony is ruled by a. France. b. the United States. c. China. d. the United Kingdom. e. the Netherlands.

d

This European country was divided post-World War II into a Democratic Republic and a Federal Republic. a. Poland b. Yugoslavia c. the United Kingdom d. Germany e. Czechoslovakia

d

This type of boundary coincides with significant features of the landscape. a. cultural b. relic c. linguistic d. physical e. geometric

d

Using the above map, the British colony east of Argentina is a. Saint Helena. b. the British Virgin Islands. c. Gibraltar. d. the Falkland Islands. e. Anguila.

d

Which country suffered from genocide in the early twentieth century by the Turks? a. Nagorno-Karabakh b. South Ossetia c. Azerbaijan d. Armenia e. Georgia

d

Which of the following is NOT true about the Baltic States? a. Latvians are largely Lutheran with a significant minority Roman Catholic. b. Most Estonians are Protestant. c. Lithuanians are largely Roman Catholic. d. In all three states, Russian has remained the official language. e. Balto-Slavic and Uralic languages are the official languages in these states.

d

Examples of major nation-states are a. Mexico and Russia. b. Russia and the United States. c. Australia and New Zealand. d. Mexico and Germany. e. Germany and Denmark.

e

Moldova, after it became an autonomous republic sought ethnic reunification with a. Slovenia. b. Austria. c. Hungary. d. Bulgaria. e. Romania.

e

Nagorno-Karabakh is an ethnic enclave of ________ in ________. a. Moldova; Romania b. Georgia; Russia c. Azerbaijan; Georgia d. Armenia; Georgia e. Armenia; Azerbaijan

e

The best example of a state among the following is a. an island with a long history of self-rule and a homogeneous ethnic identity, although the island has been under the control of a colonial power for the last 30 years. b. a mountainous region inhabited by heterogeneous ethnicities and divided up administratively among various independent countries. c. a mountainous region inhabited by a mixture of peoples but recently colonized by a European nation-state. d. a group of islands inhabited by a homogeneous ethnicity, although the westernmost islands pertain to the territory of one country whereas the easternmost islands pertain to another country. e. a mountainous region inhabited by heterogeneous ethnicities which share responsibility for maintaining an independent government and a standing army.

e

The first states in ancient Mesopotamia were a. nation-states, which incorporated city-states, colonies, and empires. b. patron-states ruled by sheiks. c. colonies, which incorporated cities as well as their countryside. d. empires, which incorporated dozens of unified colonies. e. city-states, which incorporated cities as well as their countryside.

e

The motives of European states in establishing colonies can be summarized as all but which of the following? a. power b. glory c. God d. gold e. guilt

e

The world's largest state is a. Canada. b. China. c. Alaska. d. India. e. Russia.

e