Human Sexuality Exam 2

HSV-2

Reyna experiences fever, muscle aches, and swollen lymph glands and attributes the symptoms to the flu. Not long after however, she experiences intense itching along the walls of her vagina and increased vaginal discharge. Her doctor prescribes her acyclovir, encourages her to keep the area dry and to take aspirin to reduce itchiness, and informs her that her symptoms may return again in the future.

Based on the findings of Jason Kerwin regarding the relationship between perceived risk of a negative health outcome and behavioral choices, how risky should negative health outcomes such as HIV be portrayed in order to promote health behaviors such as condom use?

Risk should be portrayed in a way that corresponds with reality.

New Zealand is the only country that has fully decriminalized sex work. Based on what you have learned about the benefits of decriminalization, what do you expect the five-year follow-up study of the impact on the public health and welfare of sex workers since the decriminalization of prostitution in New Zealand found?

Sex workers had improved access to health care, better relationships with police, and safer working conditions.

Which of the following is NOT a major finding of the National Health and Social Life Survey (NHSLS)?

Sexual dysfunctions are more prevalent among men than women.

escort

Taylor, a university student, works for an agency that provides companions for wealthy businessmen and businesswomen in Manhattan. He goes to events, performs various sexual favors, and provides companionship to his clients. He receives expensive gifts from his clients and takes home 45% of his earnings - about $100,000 per year. His work is illegal, but he has low risk of arrest.

What is the BEST advice to give to parents to help prevent child sexual abuse?

Teach children about private parts and their right to say no, and encourage open communication.

All of the following accurately reflect power inequity among men and women in the U.S. EXCEPT:

The U.S. ranks in the top 25% in cross-national comparisons of female representation in government.

What has the research revealed regarding the geography of parenthood and well-being?

The relationship between parenthood and life satisfaction depends on geography, with it having a negative relationship in Western countries that endorse an ideology of intensive parenting but do not have supportive family policies.

second stage of labor

The woman is encouraged to push.

All of the following are psychological reasons a person may remain in a relationship of intimate terrorism EXCEPT:

They know that violence is common in long-term relationships and legal in their state.

Paragard IUD

Uterine implant that can be in place for up to 12 years and has less than a 0.1 typical use failure rate, but does not protect against STIs and may increase menstrual flow and cramps.

Which of the following is NOT a recommendation for expressing or receiving a complaint?

Wait until you are in the car so that you have something to talk about.

(ALL) - Abortion rates decline when there is comprehensive sex education, easy access to contraception, and pro-family social policies. - When abortion is restricted, women are more likely to seek unsafe and unregulated methods of terminating their pregnancies. - Abortion rates are the same regardless of whether abortion is broadly legal or prohibited.

What has historical and cross-cultural research revealed about the prevalence of abortion

What is the meaning of "biological sexism" of sexually transmitted infections (STIs)?

Women are more vulnerable to infection and long-term effects of STIs than men.

Twenty-year-old Jacob has a family history of testicular cancer, and his doctor tells him that his risk of developing testicular cancer is very high. The doctor advises him to perform a monthly testicular self-exam. In this case, which of the following is most likely to be the earliest warning sign that Jacob shouldn't ignore?

a painless lump on the testicle

If someone wants their betrayal to do the least harm to their relationship, they should:

admit to their wrongdoing without being asked.

Among sex workers, Burnette found that:

approximately 90% want to leave the profession, but do not have the resources to do so

Two unrealistic expectations that mainstream heterosexual pornography can be consistently accused of perpetrating are that men ____ and women ____.

are always ready for sex; can orgasm from any position

David believes that his partner Scott intentionally scheduled conflicting social plans on an evening when the two of them scheduled to have dinner with David's mother, because Scott has never gotten along with David's mother. Scott says that he thought the dinner was planned for the following week. David and Scott are engaged in a(n):

attributional conflict.

Two important strategies for overcoming jealousy are self-reliance and:

bolstering your sense of self-worth.

What factors are commonly related to adolescent entrance into sex work? (Select all that apply.)

childhood abuse parental rejection

If someone you know has experienced sexual contact against their will, it is important for you to:

continually offer shelter and comfort.

A couple whose conversation goes like this: "I hate that you always leave the car with an empty gas tank;" "Well, I hate that you always park the car under the tree so it gets bird droppings on it," is engaging in ____________, which is an example of _____________.

cross-complaining; defensiveness.

A nationwide study of two years' worth of credit-card receipts from a major online provider of pornography found that states whose residents consume the most pornography tend to have:

more conservative and religious populations than states whose residents exhibit lower levels of consumption.

Which of the following is the most difficult cancer to diagnose in women because there are no symptoms in the early stages?

ovarian cancer

Research on reactions to relationship dissolution indicates that people:

overestimate how painful it will be, and gradually bounce back.

Most people who have committed infidelity in their committed relationship indicate that _______ played an important role in their decision.

relationship dissatisfaction

In Baxter's research with college students, the most common method of breaking up involves strategies that are ______.

self-oriented and indirect

Sexual harassment involves:

sexual comments or overtures that persist after a request that they stop.

When Ellen accepted a new project at work and started working longer hours, she and her partner Samantha went through a great deal of conflict because Samantha got to see her less and felt like Ellen was choosing work over their relationship. Together they came up with creative ways to spend time with each other and both made a renewed commitment to their relationship. What Ellen and Samantha experienced is best described as a(n): Correct Answer

structural improvement.

For your roommate, it is very important that the two of you live together next year. You wouldn't mind living with them again next year but have considered other roommate options. In this relationship, you have more power than your roommate. This is an example of:

the principle of lesser interest.

Most people who seriously participate in any of the marital therapies are likely to be better off afterward, and about _____ of them will no longer be dissatisfied with their marriages.

two-thirds

Debra tells her partner that she doesn't like it when he comes home late from a night drinking with his friends. Which of the following would be his response involving validation?

"I can see why it would bother you, but I feel like this is something I need in the middle of a long week at work."

Steve and Miranda are a heterosexual married couple with a small child. Though they care about each other very much, Steve commits infidelity and Miranda seeks separation and divorce. What would be most effective for Steve to say to seek forgiveness and repair the relationship?

"I had sex with someone else, and you're so amazing, and I don't know how I could do that to you. I never meant to hurt you and I'm sorry."

All of the following behaviors help to maintain relationship satisfaction EXCEPT:

Inflation of expectations

HIV

Isaiah has been experiencing night sweats, weight loss, chronic fatigue, chronic diarrhea, persistent headaches, and a dry cough. After taking a blood sample, his doctor observes that he has reduced T-cell count and decides to check for specific antibodies. He is prescribed HAART medication which he will need to take daily for the remainder of his lifetime.

What is the nature of IVF?

It is typical for a couple to need multiple rounds and to pay $14 k per round.

impelling influence

Jasper and Chloe have been very stressed lately because their hours have been reduced at work and they are struggling to pay bills.

Scabies

Josh rented a beach house with his friends for spring break. He was having a great time drinking and hooking up until he noticed a rash of pimple-like bumps on his arms and legs and started feeling intense itchiness, especially at night. He was prescribed a topical cream and strongly encouraged to wash all bedding and clothing in hot water.

inhibiting influence

Kendall and Dante respect each other and view their relationship as a partnership.

traditional behavioral couple therapy

Liev and Naomi are in couple therapy. As part of the therapeutic process, each has created a list of specific behaviors that the other partner finds desirable. Each day, Liev and Naomi are responsible for engaging in two of those specific, positive behaviors.

Integrative behavioral couple therapy

Lindsey and Tobias are in therapy. During their last session, the therapist began to desensitize them to each other's negative behavior and increase their awareness of their own negative behaviors by having them engage in a pretend argument during which they deliberately exaggerated their most unpleasant interaction behaviors.

Which of the following is NOT a psychosocial factor that strongly predicts perpetration of sexual assault?

Male biological sex.

Cognitive-behavioral couple therapy

Mallory and Gloria are in couple therapy. To help the couple move past conflict about pursuing parenthood, the therapist helps Mallory identify and confront her false core beliefs that she is worthless and her relationship with Gloria is not a family without kids.

insight therapy

Marge is in therapy to address her panic attacks, which have interfered with her maternal role and are starting to create conflict for her marriage. During her session, the therapist discusses notes from Marge's dream journal and encourages her to talk about her childhood in order to explain her current difficulties.

What is CURRENTLY the leading cause of developmental disabilities and birth defects in the United States?

Maternal drinking of alcohol during pregnancy

fertility awareness

Method in which a woman tracks her fertile days without any medical side effects or costs, but does not protect against STIs and has a typical failure rate of 12.

impelling influence

Michael grew up in a household with a father who was abusive toward his mother and siblings.

Greta has four children in her day-care class. Which child is MOST likely to have adjustment problems?

Nancy, living with both of her biological parents who argue a great deal.

camgirl

Olivia is self-employed in San Francisco and provides sexual services through a website. Her clients give her tips and send requests to see her perform various sexual acts. She also has private skype sessions with clients for which she charges more. She keeps 100% of her earnings - about $90,000 per year. Her work is legal.

combination pill

Oral medication that does not interfere with intercourse and reduces menstrual cramps, but does not protect against STIs and has a typical use failure rate of 9.

What effect does physical health have on sexuality?

People who are not in good physical health are likely to have sexual difficulties.

third stage of labor

Placenta separates from the uterine wall.

All the following are valid concerns about maternal depression EXCEPT:

Postpartum depression affects 75% of new parents, but usually subsides in two weeks.

Which of the following is NOT a recommended practice for successful negotiation?

Promote your partner's happiness by accommodating every request they make.

first stage of labor

Regular contractions of the uterus begin.

All of the following are social factors involved in the spread of HIV EXCEPT:

HIV transmission through casual skin contact.

Nicole suspects that her best friend Tiffany is experiencing intimate partner violence from her husband Jason. What should Nicole do to help Tiffany? (Select all that apply.)

- Continue to invite Tiffany to hang out even if Tiffany has been declining invitations. - Say, "I'm worried about you, that doesn't sound healthy," whenever Tiffany describes a controlling or hurtful behavior.

Approximately ____ women and ____ men have experienced sexual assault, obsessive relational intrusion, or intimate partner violence in their lifetimes.

1 in 3; 1 in 3

Gonorrhea

Five days after sexual contact with a new partner, Gary experiences burning during urination and a bad-smelling, cloudy discharge from his penis. His doctor prescribes him ceptriaxone and azithromycin and strongly encourages him to complete his full regimen of antibiotics.

The U.S. Department of Justice estimates that in the United States, the median age of entry into sex work is between _________ years of age.

12 and 14

Though a precise figure is difficult to acquire, the CIA conservatively estimates that ______ women and children from more than 40 different countries of origin are being trafficked and exploited within the U.S. sex industry

250,000

Dominique thinks that she was exposed to HIV. When will the antibodies be detectable in her blood?

3-8 weeks following exposure

According to Gottman and Levenson's research, to stay satisfied with a close relationship, it is important to maintain a rewards-to-costs ratio of at least:

5 to 1.

Mieko and Kitsune had unprotected sex for an entire year. What is the likelihood that Mieko became pregnant?

85%

BV

After spending a romantic weekend with her girlfriend, Alyssa experiences a mild burning during urination and notices a disagreeable fishy odor. Her doctor prescribes her metronidazole.

beach boy

Agwe is a young Jamaican man who provides romance and sexual favors to middle-aged female tourists who come to resorts at Montego Bay. His "girlfriends" provide him food, clothing, and other gifts in exchange for love. His work is illegal, but he has low risk of arrest.

Brothel Worker

Alice lives and works at the Bunny Ranch in Nevada. There she provides sexual services to customers who select her from a lineup of girls. She is tested weekly for STIs, all of her clients are required to wear condoms, and she takes home 50% of her earnings - about $250,000 per year. Her work is legal.

What is problematic with condemning all sexually explicit videos (SEV) as exploitative and to blame for sexual violence?

All of these.

Which of the following are benefits of consuming sexually-explicit materials?

All of these.

second stage of labor

Baby exits the birth canal.

female condom

Barrier worn inside the vaginal canal that protects against STIs and does not reduce sensation during intercourse, but may be difficult to insert and has a typical failure rate of 21.

FemCap

Barrier worn over the cervix that does not interfere with intercourse and does not need to be fitted, but may be difficult to insert and has a typical failure rate of 15.

Emotionally Focused Couples Therapy

Beth and Jerry seek help from a family therapist. After de-escalating their problematic interactional cycles, the therapist asks the couple to accept their own disowned needs, to accept their partner's evolving construction of the situation, and to create emotional engagement with each other. Lastly, the therapist tries to consolidate new patterns of attachment behavior.

frequently within the six-day period ending on the day of ovulation.

Caleb and Kiedra want very much to have a baby. To maximize the possibility of pregnancy, they should have intercourse:

first stage of labor

Cervix dilates from size of cheerio to size of bagel.

instigating trigger

Cheryl observed her husband flirting with another woman.

Which of the following is the BEST tip for enhancing your sex life?

Communication about preferences and desires.

All the following are TRUE regarding contraceptive use internationally EXCEPT: Correct!

Contraceptive use in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia is low because African and Indian women desire large families.

Streetwalker

Crystal ran away from an abusive father and now lives with her pimp in Chicago where she offers sexual favors to clients whom she randomly meets near gas stations. She usually performs fellatio on her male customers and often faces the threat of robbery and assault. What little money she earns goes to her pimp, who provides her protection and drugs. Her work is illegal and she has high risk of arrest.

inhibiting influence

Dana and Leslie are pretty satisfied in their relationship.

Who is LEAST likely to recover quickly from the end of their relationship?

Danielle who scheduled a hair appointment and plans to get blackout drunk this weekend.

David met Jason at a Halloween event at a local dance club. The two instantly had a connection and David has been looking forward to starting a relationship with Jason. However, last time they saw each other Jason disclosed to David that he is HIV+. What does this mean for David?

David can be prescribed an antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to greatly reduce his likelihood of becoming infected.

What health behavior is recommended to reduce your risk of contracting sexually transmitted infections?

Get tested regularly and use a condom/dental dam when infection status is positive or unknown.