INF 282 Possible Exam Questions Chapter 1-4

The use of a(n) ________ relationship ensures that two entity sets are not placed in the same table when they should not be.

1:1

________ data is also known as string data.

Character

In the ________, the three-pronged symbol used to represent the "many" side of the relationship of the ER model.

Crow's Foot notation

The ________ manages interaction between the end user and the database.

DBMS

________ is a discipline that focuses on the proper generation, storage, and retrieval of raw facts needed by an information system.

Data management

Which of the following DBMS functions relieves users from defining and programming the physical data characteristics?

Data storage management

________ refers to the activities that focus on the design of the database structure that will be used to store and manage end-user data.

Database design

________ are considered database architects.

Database designers

________ is the state in which knowing the value of one attribute makes it possible to find the value of another.

Determination

Where does the DBMS store the definitions of data elements and their relationships?

In a data dictionary

What would result in a data anomaly?

Inconsistent redundant data

________, which is processed data, can be used as the foundation for decision making.

Information

________ is a relational operator that yields only the rows that appear in both tables.

Intersect

Which of the following is true of Knowledge?

It has its bedrock in information.

Which of the following products do not provide an enterprise database? a. MS Access b. Oracle RDBMS c. MSQL Server d. IBM DB2

MS Access

What type of relationship is expressed with the phrase "Student takes Class"?

Many-to-many

What type of relationship is expressed with the phrase "Painter paints Painting"?

One-to-many

What type of relationship is expressed with the phrase "Employee manages Store"?

One-to-one

Which model operates at the lowest level of abstraction?

Physical

An example of a general-purpose database would be ________. a. geographic information system (GIS) databases that store geospatial data b. financial data stored in databases such as CompuStat or CRSP c. medical databases that store confidential medical history data d. ProQuest databases that contain newspaper articles for a variety of topics

ProQuest databases that contain newspaper articles for a variety of topics

________ are the instructions and rules that govern the design and use of the database system.

Procedures

What is the name for an answer to a query that the DBMS sends back to the application?

Query result set

________ deals with fixing the database after a failure such as a disk or power failure.

Recovery

From an end-user perspective, any SQL-based relational database application involves three parts: a user interface, a set of tables stored in the database, and the ________.

SQL engine

________ independence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file architecture without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

Structural

________ is the de facto query language and data access standard supported by the majority of DBMS vendors.

Structured Query Language

For most relational database software, the query language is ________.

Structured Query Language (SQL)

Nulls, if used improperly, can create problems because they can represent ________.

a missing attribute value

A way of classifying data models is by degree of ________.

abstraction

The network database models have ________.

an owner/member relationship that promotes database integrity

A data ________ develops when all of the required changes in the redundant data are not made successfully.

anomaly

A(n) ________ of the overall database design is required to overcome the fact that data are viewed in different ways by different people.

blueprint

A(n) ________ is a brief, precise, and unambiguous description of a policy, procedure, or principle within a specific organization.

business rule

A database that supports data located at a single site is called a ________ database.

centralized

In an OO data model, a ________ is a collection of similar objects with shared structure (attributes) and behavior (methods).

class

Which of the following data models was developed most recently?

column store

A table can be logically connected to another table by defining a(n) ________.

common attribute

A key that consists of more than one attribute is called a ________ key.

composite

A(n) ________ model is independent of both hardware and software.

conceptual

The ________ model presents a global view of the entire database.

conceptual

The ER model uses the term ________ to label relationship types.

connectivity

A ________ is a restriction placed on the data.

constraint

John is working in the customer table and needs to know what customers are located in Florida. To find the information he would ________.

create a new query

The logical view of the relational database is facilitated by the ________.

creation of data relationships based on a construct known as a table

The ________ is sometimes described as "the database designer's database" because it records the design decisions about tables and their structures.

data dictionary

A ________ is a relatively simple representation, usually graphical, of more complex real-world data structures.

data model

Database designers use ________ to communicate with programmers and end users.

data model

Each intersection of a row and column in a relational table represents a single ________.

data value

The ________ is a specialized database that stores data in a format optimized for decision support.

data warehouse

The design of a ________ database recognizes the use of historical and aggregated data.

data warehouse

The term ________ system refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management, and use of data within a database environment.

database

A single-user database that runs on a personal computer is called a(n) ________ database.

desktop

A relational operator that yields all rows in one table that are not found in the other table is the ________ operator.

difference

A database that supports data distributed across several different sites is called a(n) ________ database.

distributed

One of the advantages of a relational data model is ________.

easier database design

A CUSTOMER ________ would be described by attributes such as customer last name, customer first name, customer phone, customer address, and customer credit limit.

entity

As a general rule, a noun in a business rule will translate into a(n) ________ in the model.

entity

The most widely used conceptual model is the ________ model.

entity relationship

A(n) ________ links tables on the basis of an equality condition that compares specified columns of each table.

equijoin

Which model represents the end users' view of the data environment?

external

The relational database makes it possible to control data redundancies by using common attributes that are shared by tables, called ________ keys.

foreign

The object-oriented model ________.

has objects that contain all operations that can be performed on it

The most important advantage of the RDBMS is that it ________.

hides the complexities of the relational model from the user

The ________ model is represented by an upside-down tree.

hierarchical

Database models can be grouped into two categories: conceptual models and ________ models.

implementation

Data ________ exists when it is possible to make changes in the data storage characteristics without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.

independence

The results obtained from using wind speed and atmospheric pressure to predict weather can be termed as ________.

information

Each row in the relational table is known as an entity ________ in the ER model.

instance

Wider access to well-managed data promotes a(n) ________ view of the organization's operations and a clearer view of the big picture.

integrated

Data ________ is defined as "the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions."

integrity

A(n) ________ model maps the conceptual model to the DBMS

internal

A(n) ________ model maps the conceptual model to the DBMS.

internal

The ________ model is the representation of the database as "seen" by the DBMS.

internal

Which of the following is the fastest and most direct source of business rules?

interviews with end users

The human being views data in a ________ format.

logical

The term ________ refers to the task of creating a conceptual data model that could be implemented in any DBMS.

logical design

When you can change the internal model without affecting the conceptual model, you have ________.

logical independence

In the OO data model, a class ________ represents a real-world action such as finding a selected PERSON's name.

method

Data models were developed to ________.

model real-world objects or events

Which of the following data models requires the most detail in its internal model?

network

A(n) ________ allows the user to specify what must be done without specifying how it must be done.

nonprocedural language

In the ________ data model, both data and their relationships are contained in a single structure.

object-oriented

Which data model contains the most semantics?

object-oriented

The hierarchical database model depicts a set of ________ relationships.

one-to-many

When you can change the physical model without affecting the internal model, you have ________.

physical independence

Each table must have a ________ key.

primary

Data refer to:

raw facts

All fields for a specific entity can be grouped together as a ________.

record

If a foreign key contains either matching values or nulls, the tables that make use of such a foreign key are said to exhibit ________ integrity.

referential

The ________ data model is represented as a matrix composed of intersecting rows and columns of data.

relational

The ________ model is the current database implementation standard.

relational

A superkey is any key that uniquely identifies each ________.

row

Within the network model, the ________ is the conceptual organization of the entire database as viewed by the database administrator.

schema

In the context of hierarchical structures, a ________ is the equivalent of a file system's record type.

segment

Database management systems, operating systems, applications and utilities are all examples of ________.

software

An ad hoc query is a ________.

spur-of-the-moment question

In a database context, a(n) ________ indicates the use of different names to describe the same attribute.

synonym

Which of the following modern development gave the use of complex objects a boost?

the Internet revolution

Data processing (DP) specialists are in existence because of ________.

the need to track data and produce required reports

XML databases have emerged to address the need to manage ________ data within the native XML format.

unstructured