INF 282 Possible Exam Questions Chapter 1-4
The use of a(n) ________ relationship ensures that two entity sets are not placed in the same table when they should not be.
1:1
________ data is also known as string data.
Character
In the ________, the three-pronged symbol used to represent the "many" side of the relationship of the ER model.
Crow's Foot notation
The ________ manages interaction between the end user and the database.
DBMS
________ is a discipline that focuses on the proper generation, storage, and retrieval of raw facts needed by an information system.
Data management
Which of the following DBMS functions relieves users from defining and programming the physical data characteristics?
Data storage management
________ refers to the activities that focus on the design of the database structure that will be used to store and manage end-user data.
Database design
________ are considered database architects.
Database designers
________ is the state in which knowing the value of one attribute makes it possible to find the value of another.
Determination
Where does the DBMS store the definitions of data elements and their relationships?
In a data dictionary
What would result in a data anomaly?
Inconsistent redundant data
________, which is processed data, can be used as the foundation for decision making.
Information
________ is a relational operator that yields only the rows that appear in both tables.
Intersect
Which of the following is true of Knowledge?
It has its bedrock in information.
Which of the following products do not provide an enterprise database? a. MS Access b. Oracle RDBMS c. MSQL Server d. IBM DB2
MS Access
What type of relationship is expressed with the phrase "Student takes Class"?
Many-to-many
What type of relationship is expressed with the phrase "Painter paints Painting"?
One-to-many
What type of relationship is expressed with the phrase "Employee manages Store"?
One-to-one
Which model operates at the lowest level of abstraction?
Physical
An example of a general-purpose database would be ________. a. geographic information system (GIS) databases that store geospatial data b. financial data stored in databases such as CompuStat or CRSP c. medical databases that store confidential medical history data d. ProQuest databases that contain newspaper articles for a variety of topics
ProQuest databases that contain newspaper articles for a variety of topics
________ are the instructions and rules that govern the design and use of the database system.
Procedures
What is the name for an answer to a query that the DBMS sends back to the application?
Query result set
________ deals with fixing the database after a failure such as a disk or power failure.
Recovery
From an end-user perspective, any SQL-based relational database application involves three parts: a user interface, a set of tables stored in the database, and the ________.
SQL engine
________ independence exists when it is possible to make changes in the file architecture without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.
Structural
________ is the de facto query language and data access standard supported by the majority of DBMS vendors.
Structured Query Language
For most relational database software, the query language is ________.
Structured Query Language (SQL)
Nulls, if used improperly, can create problems because they can represent ________.
a missing attribute value
A way of classifying data models is by degree of ________.
abstraction
The network database models have ________.
an owner/member relationship that promotes database integrity
A data ________ develops when all of the required changes in the redundant data are not made successfully.
anomaly
A(n) ________ of the overall database design is required to overcome the fact that data are viewed in different ways by different people.
blueprint
A(n) ________ is a brief, precise, and unambiguous description of a policy, procedure, or principle within a specific organization.
business rule
A database that supports data located at a single site is called a ________ database.
centralized
In an OO data model, a ________ is a collection of similar objects with shared structure (attributes) and behavior (methods).
class
Which of the following data models was developed most recently?
column store
A table can be logically connected to another table by defining a(n) ________.
common attribute
A key that consists of more than one attribute is called a ________ key.
composite
A(n) ________ model is independent of both hardware and software.
conceptual
The ________ model presents a global view of the entire database.
conceptual
The ER model uses the term ________ to label relationship types.
connectivity
A ________ is a restriction placed on the data.
constraint
John is working in the customer table and needs to know what customers are located in Florida. To find the information he would ________.
create a new query
The logical view of the relational database is facilitated by the ________.
creation of data relationships based on a construct known as a table
The ________ is sometimes described as "the database designer's database" because it records the design decisions about tables and their structures.
data dictionary
A ________ is a relatively simple representation, usually graphical, of more complex real-world data structures.
data model
Database designers use ________ to communicate with programmers and end users.
data model
Each intersection of a row and column in a relational table represents a single ________.
data value
The ________ is a specialized database that stores data in a format optimized for decision support.
data warehouse
The design of a ________ database recognizes the use of historical and aggregated data.
data warehouse
The term ________ system refers to an organization of components that define and regulate the collection, storage, management, and use of data within a database environment.
database
A single-user database that runs on a personal computer is called a(n) ________ database.
desktop
A relational operator that yields all rows in one table that are not found in the other table is the ________ operator.
difference
A database that supports data distributed across several different sites is called a(n) ________ database.
distributed
One of the advantages of a relational data model is ________.
easier database design
A CUSTOMER ________ would be described by attributes such as customer last name, customer first name, customer phone, customer address, and customer credit limit.
entity
As a general rule, a noun in a business rule will translate into a(n) ________ in the model.
entity
The most widely used conceptual model is the ________ model.
entity relationship
A(n) ________ links tables on the basis of an equality condition that compares specified columns of each table.
equijoin
Which model represents the end users' view of the data environment?
external
The relational database makes it possible to control data redundancies by using common attributes that are shared by tables, called ________ keys.
foreign
The object-oriented model ________.
has objects that contain all operations that can be performed on it
The most important advantage of the RDBMS is that it ________.
hides the complexities of the relational model from the user
The ________ model is represented by an upside-down tree.
hierarchical
Database models can be grouped into two categories: conceptual models and ________ models.
implementation
Data ________ exists when it is possible to make changes in the data storage characteristics without affecting the application program's ability to access the data.
independence
The results obtained from using wind speed and atmospheric pressure to predict weather can be termed as ________.
information
Each row in the relational table is known as an entity ________ in the ER model.
instance
Wider access to well-managed data promotes a(n) ________ view of the organization's operations and a clearer view of the big picture.
integrated
Data ________ is defined as "the condition in which all of the data in the database are consistent with the real-world events and conditions."
integrity
A(n) ________ model maps the conceptual model to the DBMS
internal
A(n) ________ model maps the conceptual model to the DBMS.
internal
The ________ model is the representation of the database as "seen" by the DBMS.
internal
Which of the following is the fastest and most direct source of business rules?
interviews with end users
The human being views data in a ________ format.
logical
The term ________ refers to the task of creating a conceptual data model that could be implemented in any DBMS.
logical design
When you can change the internal model without affecting the conceptual model, you have ________.
logical independence
In the OO data model, a class ________ represents a real-world action such as finding a selected PERSON's name.
method
Data models were developed to ________.
model real-world objects or events
Which of the following data models requires the most detail in its internal model?
network
A(n) ________ allows the user to specify what must be done without specifying how it must be done.
nonprocedural language
In the ________ data model, both data and their relationships are contained in a single structure.
object-oriented
Which data model contains the most semantics?
object-oriented
The hierarchical database model depicts a set of ________ relationships.
one-to-many
When you can change the physical model without affecting the internal model, you have ________.
physical independence
Each table must have a ________ key.
primary
Data refer to:
raw facts
All fields for a specific entity can be grouped together as a ________.
record
If a foreign key contains either matching values or nulls, the tables that make use of such a foreign key are said to exhibit ________ integrity.
referential
The ________ data model is represented as a matrix composed of intersecting rows and columns of data.
relational
The ________ model is the current database implementation standard.
relational
A superkey is any key that uniquely identifies each ________.
row
Within the network model, the ________ is the conceptual organization of the entire database as viewed by the database administrator.
schema
In the context of hierarchical structures, a ________ is the equivalent of a file system's record type.
segment
Database management systems, operating systems, applications and utilities are all examples of ________.
software
An ad hoc query is a ________.
spur-of-the-moment question
In a database context, a(n) ________ indicates the use of different names to describe the same attribute.
synonym
Which of the following modern development gave the use of complex objects a boost?
the Internet revolution
Data processing (DP) specialists are in existence because of ________.
the need to track data and produce required reports
XML databases have emerged to address the need to manage ________ data within the native XML format.
unstructured
