Interpersonal Communication
Commitment
A desire to stay in a relationship
Mood
A feeling, often prolonged, that has no identifiable cause
Passive Aggression
A pattern of behaving vengefully while denying that one has aggressive feelings
Demand-withdraw Pattern
A pattern of behavior in which one party makes demands and the other party withdraws from the conversation
Supportiveness
A person's feeling of assurance that others care about and will protect him or her
Comparison Level
A person's realistic expectation of what the person wants and thinks he or she deserves from a relationship
Symmetrical Relationship
A relationship between parties of equal power
Complementary Relationship
A relationship between parties of unequal power
Evaluative Feedback
A reply that offers an assessment of what the speaker has said or done
Bisexuality
A sexual orientation characterized by sexual interest in both women and men is known as?
Ethos
A speakers respectability, trustworthiness, and moral characters
Interdependence
A state in which each person's behaviors affect everyone else in the relationship
Competing
A strategy for managing conflict in which one's goal is to win while the other party loses
Compromising
A strategy for managing conflict that involves giving in to the other party's needs and desires while subordinating one's own
Avoiding
A strategy for managing conflict that involves ignoring or failing to deal with the conflict
Equity Theory
A theory predicting that a good relationship is one in which a person's ratio of costs and rewards is equal to that of the person's partner
Social Exchange Theory
A theory predicting that people seek to form and maintain relationships in which the benefits outweigh the consequences is the
Social Exchange Theory
A theory predicting that people seek to form and maintain relationships in which the benefits outweigh the costs
Predicted Outcome Value Theory
A theory predicting that we form relationships when we think the effort will be worth it
Uncertainty Reduction Theory
A theory suggesting that people are motivated to reduce their uncertainty about others
Euphemism
A vague, mild expression that symbolizes something blunter or harsher is called a/an
One-Down Message
A verbal message that reflects acceptance of, or submission to, another person's power
One-Across Message
A verbal message that seeks to neutralize relational control and power
One-Up Message
A verbal message through which the speaker attempts to exert dominance or gain control over the listener
Anger
An emotional response to the perception that you have been wronged in some way is...
Interpersonal Conflict
An expressed struggle between interdependent parties who perceive incompatible goals, scarce resources, and interference from one another
Interpersonal Attraction
Any force that draws people together to form a relationship
Social Attraction
Attraction to someone's personality
Social Attraction
Attraction to someone's personality is known as...
Physical Attraction
Attraction to someone's physical attraction
Nonverbal Communication
Behaviors and characteristics that convey meaning without the use of words are called
Disconfirming Messages
Behaviors that imply a lack of regard for another person
Confirming Messages
Behaviors that indicate how much we value another person
Relational Maintenance Behaviors
Behaviors used to maintain and strengthen personal relationships
Approach Behaviors
Communication behaviors that signal one's interest in getting to know someone
Avoidance Behaviors
Communication behaviors that signals one's lack of interest in getting to know someone
Meta-conflict
Conflict about conflict
Dialectical Tensions
Conflicts between two important but opposing needs or desires
Speech Errors Increased Vocal Pitch Use of false smiles
Deceivers are more likely than truth tellers to engage in
A desire to stay in a relationship
How does our textbook define the term "commitment"?
Individualistic culture
If a culture emphasizes individuality and responsibility to oneself it is considered ___________.
Terminating
In the video we watched on relationship dissolution the couple broke up on a park bench, what stage was this of relationship dissolution?
Traditional couples
In the video, Marissa and Josh were an example of what kind of romantic couple?
Slang
Informal, unconventional words that are often understood only by others in a particular subculture is
Secondary Emotions
Joy, sadness, and fear are primary emotions while remorse and awe are
Ambiguous Language
Language having more than one possible meaning
Strangers
Lies are more likely to succeed when communicating with ______?
Primacy Effect
Lisa has the tendency to emphasize first impressions over later impressions when forming perception, this is considered the ______________.
Informational listening
Listening to learn something.
Touch a lot
People in high context cultures...?
Legitimate Power
Power based on one's legitimate status or position
Referent Power
Power that derives from one's attraction to or admiration for another
Expert Power
Power that derives from one's expertise, talent, training, specialized knowledge, or experience
Reward Power
Power that derives from the ability to reward
Pseudolistening
Steve didn't pay attention to what Gary was saying while playing video games so he responded with "uh huh" not really knowing what Gary said. What kind of behavior is Steve displaying?
Idiom
The U.S American phrase "a dime a dozen" is an example of a cultural...?
Truth Bias
The _______ occurs when we tend to believe what others tell us
Power
The ability to manipulate, influence, or control other people or events
Communication Climate
The emotional tone of a relationship
Criticism
The expression of complaints about another party
Contempt
The expression of insult and attacks on another's self-worth
Credibility
The extent to which others find someone's words and actions trustworthy.
Family of Origin
The family in which one grows up
Family of Procreation
The family one starts as an adult
Interdependence
The idea that our actions influence other people's lives as much as they influence our own is known as
Competence Face
The need to be respected and viewed as a competent and intelligent can also be known as
Unknown
The part of the Johari window that is unknown to yourself and unknown to others is known as
Personality
The pattern of behaviors and ways of thinking that characterize a person
Integrating Stage
The stage of relationship development when a deep commitment has formed, and there is a strong sense that the relationship has its own identity
Experimenting Stage
The stage of relationship development when individuals have conversations to learn more about each other
Initiating Stage
The stage of relationship development when people meet and interact for the first time
Terminating Stage
The stage of relationship dissolution when the relationship is deemed to be officially over
Intensifying Stage
The stage of the relationship development when individuals move from being acquaintances to being close friends
Bonding Stage
The stage of the relationship development when the partners publicly announce their commitment
Circumscribing Stage
The stage of the relationship dissolution characterized by decreased quality and quantity of communication between partners
Differentiating Stage
The stage of the relationship dissolution when partners begin to see their differences as undesirable or annoying
Avoiding Stage
The stage of the relationship dissolution when partners create physical and emotional distance between themselves
Stagnating Stage
The stage of the relationship dissolution when the relationship stops growing and the partners are barely communicating with each other
Under-Benefited
The state in which one's relational costs exceed one's relational rewards
Over-benefited
The state in which one's relational rewards exceed one's relational costs
Defensiveness
The tendency to deny the validity of criticisms directed at the self
Disinhibition Effect
The tendency to say or do things in one environment that one would not say or do in most other environments
Image
The way one wishes to be seen or perceived by others is called
Selection, Organization, Interpretation
Three stages of the Perception Process
Message
Verbal and nonverbal elements of communication to which people give meaning
Action Tendencies
What are biologically based motives toward specific behavioral responses to emotions?
Acts of Simulation
What are forms of deception that involve fabricating information or exaggerating facts for the purpose of misleading others?
Emoticons
What are textual representations of facial expressions according to the book?
competing, avoiding, accommodating, compromising and collaborating
What are the five approaches to conflict?
Selection, Organization, Interpretation
What are the stages of the perception process?
Action, Interaction, Transaction
What are the three models of communication?
Hearing Understanding Remembering Interpreting Evaluating Responding
What does HURIER mean?
Hearing Understanding Remembering Interpreting Evaluating Responding
What does HURIER represent in the HURIER model of active listening?
Have the ability to understand a given situation in multiple ways
What does it mean if you have cognitive complexity?
Responding
What does the last letter represent in the HURIER model?
Omission
What is a form of deception that involves leaving consequences details out of one's story?
Compromising
What is a strategy for managing conflict in which both parties give up something they want so that they can both receive something they want?
Glazing Over
What is daydreaming during the time not spent listening?
The study of how people use touch to communicate.
What is haptics?
the stage of the relationship when individuals move from being acquaintances to being close friends
What is involved in the "intensifying Stage" of a relationship?
Positivity Bias
What is it called when someone sees only positive things about someone?
Commitment
What is the desire to stay in a relationship?
Touch
What is the first of the 5 senses to develop in humans?
Autonomy Face
What is the need to avoid being imposed upon others?
Initiating, Experimenting, Intensifying, Integrating, Bonding
What is the order of the five stages of a relationship?
Organization
What is the process of categorizing information that has been selected for attention?
Oculesics
What is the study of eye behavior?
Fundamental Attribution Error
What is the tendency to attribute others' behaviors to internal rather than external causes?
One-down Message
What is the verbal message that reflects acceptance of, or submission to, another persons power?
Loaded Language
What language carries a strongly positive or strongly negative connotations?
Avoiding
What stage in ending a relationship does the couple create physical and emotional distance between themselves?
Contempt
What term means a feeling of superiority over, and disrespect for others?
Pseudolistening
What term means using feedback behaviors to give the false impression that one is listening?
Defamation
What type of language is used to harm a person's reputation or image?
Primacy Effect
When a person emphasizes the first impression over later impressions it is known as
Nonverbal communication metacommunicates
Which ONE of the 5 characteristics of Nonverbal Communication is true? a. Conveys less information than verbal communication b. Nonverbal communication metacommunicates c. Not present in most interpersonal conversations d. Verbal communication is more believed than nonverbal communication e. Nonverbal communication focuses solely on eye contact/lack of eye contact
Envy
Which emotion is not a sad/anxious emotion? a. sadness b. grief c. envy d. fear
Communication is inherently bad
Which is NOT a myth about communication? a. Everyone is an expert in communication b. Communication will solve any problem c. Communication can break down d. Communication is inherently bad
Logos
Which is not a rule of language? a. Phonological b. Syntactic c. Sematic d. Logos
Integrating
Which of Knapp's Stages is forming a deep commitment and developing a relationship with its own identity?
Personal Needs
Which of these are NOT one of the needs served by communication? a. Spiritual Needs b.Personal Needs c. Physical Needs d. Identity Needs
Arbitrary Rules
Which of these are NOT rules language is governed by?
Attraction Theory
Which theory is used when we are drawn to someone else by some connection?
Autonmy Face
Which type of face involves the need to avoid being imposed upon by others?
Stonewalling
Withdrawing from a conversation or an interaction
Denotative Meaning
___________ is a word's literal meaning or dictionary definition.
Symmetry
___________ is the similarity between the left and right sides of the face or body.
Adapter
____________ is a gesture used to satisfy a personal need.
Social Distance
_____________ is the distance most people in Western cultures maintain with casual acquaintances; ranges from 4 to 12 feet.
Personality
_______________ is the pattern of behaviors and ways of thinking that characterize a person