Intro Interpersonal Communication Final
According to communication researcher Jeffrey Hall, three ingredients for friendship are __________, talk, and shared activities.
Time
Cheryl's friendship with Jordan was put at risk because his habit of banter slipped into teasing and then into hurtful comments. Which expectancy violation did this behavior most closely demonstrate?
Treat each other with respect
According to research, dating partners find sexual infidelity and breaking up with the partner the two least forgivable offenses. True or False
True
Argumentativeness and complaining are two ways to disagree without necessarily being disconfirming. True or False
True
Good conversationalists take cues about topics that interest the other person. True or False
True
In marriage, a confirming climate is the best predictor of marital satisfaction. True or False
True
Insulated listening is almost the opposite of selective listening. True or False
True
It's healthy for loving couples to have both companionate and romantic affection for each other. True or False
True
Problem orientation is often typified by "We" language. True or False
True
Whatever forms they may take, all interpersonal conflicts share certain features. True or False
True
Which family boundary pattern is characterized by infrequent invasions by parents and infrequent defenses by adult children?
Trusting
Being aware of syntactic and grammatical rules, a speaker's vocabulary and jargon, the message's source, and the context, are all elements of which component of listening?
Understanding
Which of the following is an open question?
What do you think of the city's new rules to help prevent the spread of COVID?
Which statement is an example of metacommunication?
"I appreciate how difficult it was to admit your mistake to me."
Descriptive messages often use what kind of language?
"I" language
Which type of language helps you accept responsibility for your feelings?
"I" language
Partners who seek which kind of outcome are more likely to listen to each other and less likely to be hostile, ultimately leading to less stress and anger?
Win-Win
Which type of friendship blurs personal-professional boundaries?
Work spouse
When asked how she is feeling, instead of responding, "I feel terrible," Emily describes herself as vulnerable, anxious, and overwhelmed. Emily is exhibiting ____________.
a robust emotional vocabulary
You consider it a compliment when a trusted friend calls you ambitious, but a criticism when a competitive co-worker labels you such. This illustrates how the same __________ can cause different emotions.
activating event
Types of settings, individuals, and topics of conversations are examples of ____________.
activating events
Eric dislikes discussing his feelings, and tends to suppress the expression of emotions. It's possible that Eric experiences ____________.
alexithymia
Feeling apologetic when you are not at fault demonstrates the fallacy of ____________.
approval
Traits such as liking, respect, familiarity, and social interaction can all influence perceived __________.
beauty
In FWB relationships, men are typically more focused on ____________.
benefits
The members of Javier's extended family have many diverse political views. When they get together, politics is never discussed. This is an example of a(n) ____________.
boundary
Shifting your internal language from "I fear the worst" to "I'll hope for the best" is a therapeutic response to the fallacy of ____________.
catastrophic expectations
John Gottman identified two distinct parenting styles: emotion __________ and emotion dismissing.
coaching
Reappraisal is a type of ____________.
cognitive interpretation
Differences strengthen a relationship when they are ____________.
complementary
When both people get at least some of what they want, but also sacrifice some part of their goals, they are engaging in ____________.
compromise
Two powerful variables affect the way people manage conflict: gender and ____________.
culture
Although you were still angry about a disagreement you'd had the night before, you gave your partner a big hug in the morning. This is an act of ____________.
deceptive affection
In a broad overview of US demographic data, researchers found a correlation between social network use, marital dissatisfaction, and ____________.
divorce
Effective communicators realize that although it's impossible to __________ conflict, there are ways to __________ it effectively.
eliminate; manage
What does EQ measure?
emotional intelligence
Although there's no "Keep Out" sign on your teenage sister's door, when it's closed and the TV is on, you and your parents know not to disturb her. This is an example of a(n) __________ in a family.
implicit rule
Research on emotional expression suggests that there is some truth in the cultural stereotype of the __________ male and the __________ female
inexpressive; more demonstrative
Recommendations about where to stay and what to see on vacation, as well as tips for taking a first extended trip with your new partner, are examples of ____________ support.
informational
The opening stage for romantic relationships, friendships, and business partnerships is ____________.
initiating
"Pleased" is a word that suggests a different degree of emotional ____________ than "thrilled."
intensity
Teaching children to recognize and ____________ their emotions is foundational to building their emotional intelligence.
label
The drive for intimacy through disclosure and the need to maintain space between ourselves and others is the basis of which dialectic?
Expression-Privacy
Also good for the bottom line, what is the cornerstone of democracy, according to the textbook?
Face-to-face conversation
Defensive listeners tune out topics they would rather not deal with. True or False
False
Divorced couples cite "money problems" as the primary challenge in their defunct marriages. True or False
False
Metacommunication should be avoided in civil dialogue. True or False
False
More families identify as protective or laissez-faire than consensual or pluralistic. True or False
False
One way to avoid the debilitative feelings that often accompany the fallacy of causation is to use language that minimizes responsibility for your choices. True or False
False
People who act out angry feelings—even by hitting an inanimate punching bag—feel better than those who experience anger without acting out.
False
Spontaneity means blurting out what you're thinking as soon as an idea comes to you. True or False
False
Staying aware means being hypervigilant and hypercritical. True or False
False
Task-oriented friendships are grounded in mutual liking and social support. True or False
False
The interpretation of a message as confirming or disconfirming is objective. True or False
False
To achieve a high degree of listening fidelity, communicators must see eye to eye on the matter.
False
____________ is the process in which sound waves strike the eardrum and cause vibrations that are transmitted to the brain.
Hearing
You appreciate the question "how are you?" and enjoy responding with a detailed and specific description of your feelings at the time. Your response to this query illustrates which communication orientation?
High affective
Stepchildren feel more dissatisfied and avoid more topics with stepparents who have which kind of parenting style?
High in authoritarianism
Constant bombardment from the internet, the media, cell phones, and various other sources create this barrier to listening?
Information overload
Your parents live in a hotspot for COVID 19 where case counts are surging, but they only listen to news that puts a positive spin on the pandemic. What kind of listening are they employing?
Insulated listening
Which is a key characteristic of debilitative emotions?
Intensity
Romantic love features which component(s) of Sternberg's theory of love?
Intimacy + passion
Most scholars consider ____________ a "basic" emotion.
Joy
You tend to digress and ramble when telling a story. Which guideline for conversation are you overlooking?
Keep it focused.
Having a supervisor who is an active, empathic listener is correlated with which of the following?
Less stress and higher satisfaction at both work and home
____________ is the degree of congruence between what a listener understands and what the message sender was attempting to communicate.
Listening fidelity
At which stage of the seven-step approach to conflict-management is paraphrasing most beneficial?
Listening to the other person's needs
We're imprinted with ways to give and receive affection from an early age; most people learn these ____________ in their family of origin.
Love Languages
The skillful ____________ of conflict can open the door to healthier, stronger, and more satisfying relationships, as well as to increased mental and physical health.
Management
____________ listening involves giving careful and thoughtful attention and responses to the messages we receive.
Mindful
Which attitude is disconfirming because it communicates a lack of concern for the welfare of another and implies that the other person isn't very important to you?
Neutrality
Migraine is an example of which barrier to listening?
Noise
Which of the following is a finding from research about emotion?
One of the most significant factors influencing emotional expression is the position of a culture on the individualism-collectivism spectrum.
Which relational maintenance strategies are used most often in email with friends and family?
Openness and Social networks
After calling your coworker a slacker, you then dismiss this deliberate criticism by saying, "Just kidding." You are using what kind of conflict style in this instance?
Passive aggression
Darius makes a deliberately critical joke about a colleague, Zoey, which he then dismisses by saying, "Just kidding, Zoey." Darius is using what kind of conflict style in this instance?
Passive aggression
In what way is a communication climate unlike the weather?
People can change their communication climates.
"So many friends, so little time" expresses the tension you experience when trying to juggle these various commitments. This reflects which element of conflict?
Perceived scarce resources
Tara is having a difficult time listening to her anthropology professor because she is worried about her failing grade in calculus. Which barrier to listening is this?
Personal concerns
Which of the following statements is TRUE about appearance?
Physical factors become less important as a relationship progresses.
Justin is explaining to his friend Maria why he is considering applying early for law school. Maria smiles and nods while thinking about whether she should apply early for med school. Which listening style is Maria exhibiting?
Pseudolistening
____________ feedback invites the speaker to talk without concern of evaluation.
Reflective
Which is the most constructive way of managing dialectical tensions?
Reframing
Different tones of voice affect which dimension of a message?
Relational
When Samuel told Ichiro that he had just lost his job, Ichiro listened carefully and then asked Samuel how he felt about having been fired, adding that he would act as a reference for him in his search for a new position. Ichiro practices which type of listening?
Relational
"Was that TMI?" is a question that reflects which feature of competent communication?
Self-monitoring
Which has been found to be one of the least forgivable offenses in a dating relationship?
Sexual infidelity
When your best friend gets a scholarship to a college you hope to attend, you are overwhelmed by conflicting feelings of admiration, excitement, and envy. How should you respond to your friend?
Share multiple feelings verbally to convey the range of your emotions.
You received a friend request from Titus, a friend of a friend on Facebook. You apparently have nothing in common with Titus. Which thesis is most helpful in explaining your decision not to respond?
Similarity
Which interpersonal relationship theory is based on an economical model?
Social exchange theory
"How has your mother been feeling lately? Did she get over her bronchitis?" These questions reflect which strategy for relational maintenance?
Social networks
Which strategy of relational maintenance involves being invested in each other's friends and family?
Social networks
Which type of listening ignores the contributions of others and monopolizes speaking time?
Stage hogging
The terms dishonesty and manipulation are associated with which of Gibb's behaviors?
Strategy
"You're really foolish enough to believe that?" is a statement conveying which of Gibb's positions?
Superiority
Agreement, offers to help, praise, and diversion are types of which listening response?
Supporting
What kind of friendship are you most likely to have with a teammate or a coworker?
Task oriented
Your spouse is not interested in hearing how you feel when your boss belittles you at work. Instead, he suggests ways you can avoid such criticism. He is what kind of listener?
Task-oriented
What has research revealed about how men and women approach conflict?
The "talk it out" person in a conflict scenario is likely female.
Which statement is TRUE about gender and emotion?
The differences in the ways men and women read and express emotions are due in large measure to social conventions.
Which of the following is a definitional characteristic of a family?
A common history
James became friends with Ciara and Julius separately in different classes at college, but once they got married, his relationship with them changed and they began interacting differently with him. What does this illustrate about family communication?
A family is more than the sum of its parts.
A relationship is best described as which of the following?
A process
Your recently retired parents have been spending more time together than ever before. In order to get some personal space, they decided to take separate vacations this year. Which strategy are they using to manage their dialectical tensions?
Alternating
Which is the best way to keep your contributions to a conversation interesting for your audience?
Analyze your audience and stick to topics they care about.
"Ideas are not personal property" is a rule of which activity?
Brainstorming
What, according to research, seems to be the primary basis of attraction for speed daters?
Appearance
The deluge of communication that characterizes the digital age has made which stage of listening tougher than at any time in human history?
Attending
Which shared task best predicts marital satisfaction?
Child rearing
"The first person to raise his voice loses the argument" is a proverb from ____________ culture.
Chinese
Reappraisal is an activity related to which component of emotions?
Cognitive interpretations
Which approach to conflict involves a high degree of concern for both self and others, with the goal of solving problems not "my way" or "your way" but "our way"?
Collaboration
Which of the following is considered the rational component of love?
Commitment
Kathleen's boss requests that she work overtime on the weekend. She replies, "You should ask David instead. He's never busy on the weekend, and I have young children at home to care for." Kathleen's response reflects which conflict style?
Competition
When your manager asks if you will work overtime on the weekend, you reply: "You should ask David instead. He's never busy on the weekend, and I have young children at home to care for." Your response reflects which conflict style?
Competition
____________ messages from parents help satisfy a great many of their children's needs, such as the need for nurturance and respect.
Confirming
Taylor doesn't like to deal with personal messages when she is at work, but her partner, Corey, feels the need to call or text her often during the day. Which dialectical tension are they experiencing in their relationship?
Connection-autonomy
At an external level, which dialectic captures the challenges that people in a relationship face when trying to meet others' expectations while being true to themselves?
Conventionality-Uniqueness
Which dialectic captures the challenges that people in a relationship face when trying to meet others' expectations while being true to themselves?
Conventionality-uniqueness
Which of the listening styles involves listening for inaccuracies and inconsistencies?
Critical
Julia considers the new partner of her friend Cassie a bad influence. Since they have become a couple, Cassie has started skipping classes, and her grades have suffered. Julia calmly yet assertively expresses her concerns to Cassie, who tells her to mind her own business. This is an example of which approach to conflict?
Destructive complementary
What do researchers call conflicts that arise when two opposing or incompatible desires exist simultaneously in a relationship?
Dialectical tensions
Phubbing conveys which type of message?
Disregard
____________ is the process of managing and sometimes suppressing emotions.
Emotional labor
"I can see how much that must have upset you" is a statement that uses what type of listening response?
Empathizing
Rank the following kinds of confirming messages from most to least positive.
Endorsement, Acknowledgment, Recognition
What can occur when both partners treat one another with matching hostility, one threat and insult leading to another?
Escalatory spiral
What kind of messages judge another person, usually in a negative way that lacks specifics?
Evaluative
Brittany doesn't think twice about eating whatever food her roommate, Elaine, puts in their fridge. Elaine resents this but hasn't shared her frustration with Brittany. Which pertinent element of the definition of conflict is not present in this scenario?
Expressed struggle
The silent treatment is an example of which characteristic of conflict?
Expressed struggle
You resent doing most of the housework, but your spouse assumes you enjoy it because you never complain. Which element of conflict of is absent in this scenario?
Expressed struggle
Much of the advice people offer on listening is __________.
overly simplistic
You are more likely to develop a friendship with someone in one of your classes or someone who lives next door due to ____________.
proximity
A crazy ex, a flaky friend, a jealous personality, and an inability to commit are examples of ____________.
relational baggage
What is the greatest concern with multitasking?
safety
In a conflict situation, time and affection can be perceived ____________.
scarce resources
Whereas hearing is a physiological process, attending is a psychological one that is part of the __________ stage of perception.
selection
The little voice that whispers in your head is called __________.
self-talk
Repetitive conflicts about the same issue in a relationship are known as ____________.
serial arguments
In conflict-management practice, it is important to choose a suitable time and place when ____________.
sharing your needs with the other person
Despite it being commonplace to experience several emotions at the same time, we often communicate only one feeling--usually, ____________.
the most negative one
John Gottman's "four horsemen of the apocalypse" are all types of ____________.
toxic conflict
____________ is attaching meaning to a message.
understanding
Jason went to great lengths to plan and prepare a dinner party for friends. Although the event was a big success, his partner, Riley, did not acknowledge his efforts. Riley does not understand Jason's primary love language, which is ____________.
words of affirmation
You spent all day cleaning the house until every counter and floor sparkled, efforts that went unnoticed when your romantic partner got home. This lack of recognition stung because your primary love language is __________.
words of affirmation