Intro Interpersonal Communication Final

According to communication researcher Jeffrey Hall, three ingredients for friendship are __________, talk, and shared activities.

Time

Cheryl's friendship with Jordan was put at risk because his habit of banter slipped into teasing and then into hurtful comments. Which expectancy violation did this behavior most closely demonstrate?

Treat each other with respect

According to research, dating partners find sexual infidelity and breaking up with the partner the two least forgivable offenses. True or False

True

Argumentativeness and complaining are two ways to disagree without necessarily being disconfirming. True or False

True

Good conversationalists take cues about topics that interest the other person. True or False

True

In marriage, a confirming climate is the best predictor of marital satisfaction. True or False

True

Insulated listening is almost the opposite of selective listening. True or False

True

It's healthy for loving couples to have both companionate and romantic affection for each other. True or False

True

Problem orientation is often typified by "We" language. True or False

True

Whatever forms they may take, all interpersonal conflicts share certain features. True or False

True

Which family boundary pattern is characterized by infrequent invasions by parents and infrequent defenses by adult children?

Trusting

Being aware of syntactic and grammatical rules, a speaker's vocabulary and jargon, the message's source, and the context, are all elements of which component of listening?

Understanding

Which of the following is an open question?

What do you think of the city's new rules to help prevent the spread of COVID?

Which statement is an example of metacommunication?

"I appreciate how difficult it was to admit your mistake to me."

Descriptive messages often use what kind of language?

"I" language

Which type of language helps you accept responsibility for your feelings?

"I" language

Partners who seek which kind of outcome are more likely to listen to each other and less likely to be hostile, ultimately leading to less stress and anger?

Win-Win

Which type of friendship blurs personal-professional boundaries?

Work spouse

When asked how she is feeling, instead of responding, "I feel terrible," Emily describes herself as vulnerable, anxious, and overwhelmed. Emily is exhibiting ____________.

a robust emotional vocabulary

You consider it a compliment when a trusted friend calls you ambitious, but a criticism when a competitive co-worker labels you such. This illustrates how the same __________ can cause different emotions.

activating event

Types of settings, individuals, and topics of conversations are examples of ____________.

activating events

Eric dislikes discussing his feelings, and tends to suppress the expression of emotions. It's possible that Eric experiences ____________.

alexithymia

Feeling apologetic when you are not at fault demonstrates the fallacy of ____________.

approval

Traits such as liking, respect, familiarity, and social interaction can all influence perceived __________.

beauty

In FWB relationships, men are typically more focused on ____________.

benefits

The members of Javier's extended family have many diverse political views. When they get together, politics is never discussed. This is an example of a(n) ____________.

boundary

Shifting your internal language from "I fear the worst" to "I'll hope for the best" is a therapeutic response to the fallacy of ____________.

catastrophic expectations

John Gottman identified two distinct parenting styles: emotion __________ and emotion dismissing.

coaching

Reappraisal is a type of ____________.

cognitive interpretation

Differences strengthen a relationship when they are ____________.

complementary

When both people get at least some of what they want, but also sacrifice some part of their goals, they are engaging in ____________.

compromise

Two powerful variables affect the way people manage conflict: gender and ____________.

culture

Although you were still angry about a disagreement you'd had the night before, you gave your partner a big hug in the morning. This is an act of ____________.

deceptive affection

In a broad overview of US demographic data, researchers found a correlation between social network use, marital dissatisfaction, and ____________.

divorce

Effective communicators realize that although it's impossible to __________ conflict, there are ways to __________ it effectively.

eliminate; manage

What does EQ measure?

emotional intelligence

Although there's no "Keep Out" sign on your teenage sister's door, when it's closed and the TV is on, you and your parents know not to disturb her. This is an example of a(n) __________ in a family.

implicit rule

Research on emotional expression suggests that there is some truth in the cultural stereotype of the __________ male and the __________ female

inexpressive; more demonstrative

Recommendations about where to stay and what to see on vacation, as well as tips for taking a first extended trip with your new partner, are examples of ____________ support.

informational

The opening stage for romantic relationships, friendships, and business partnerships is ____________.

initiating

"Pleased" is a word that suggests a different degree of emotional ____________ than "thrilled."

intensity

Teaching children to recognize and ____________ their emotions is foundational to building their emotional intelligence.

label

The drive for intimacy through disclosure and the need to maintain space between ourselves and others is the basis of which dialectic?

Expression-Privacy

Also good for the bottom line, what is the cornerstone of democracy, according to the textbook?

Face-to-face conversation

Defensive listeners tune out topics they would rather not deal with. True or False

False

Divorced couples cite "money problems" as the primary challenge in their defunct marriages. True or False

False

Metacommunication should be avoided in civil dialogue. True or False

False

More families identify as protective or laissez-faire than consensual or pluralistic. True or False

False

One way to avoid the debilitative feelings that often accompany the fallacy of causation is to use language that minimizes responsibility for your choices. True or False

False

People who act out angry feelings—even by hitting an inanimate punching bag—feel better than those who experience anger without acting out.

False

Spontaneity means blurting out what you're thinking as soon as an idea comes to you. True or False

False

Staying aware means being hypervigilant and hypercritical. True or False

False

Task-oriented friendships are grounded in mutual liking and social support. True or False

False

The interpretation of a message as confirming or disconfirming is objective. True or False

False

To achieve a high degree of listening fidelity, communicators must see eye to eye on the matter.

False

____________ is the process in which sound waves strike the eardrum and cause vibrations that are transmitted to the brain.

Hearing

You appreciate the question "how are you?" and enjoy responding with a detailed and specific description of your feelings at the time. Your response to this query illustrates which communication orientation?

High affective

Stepchildren feel more dissatisfied and avoid more topics with stepparents who have which kind of parenting style?

High in authoritarianism

Constant bombardment from the internet, the media, cell phones, and various other sources create this barrier to listening?

Information overload

Your parents live in a hotspot for COVID 19 where case counts are surging, but they only listen to news that puts a positive spin on the pandemic. What kind of listening are they employing?

Insulated listening

Which is a key characteristic of debilitative emotions?

Intensity

Romantic love features which component(s) of Sternberg's theory of love?

Intimacy + passion

Most scholars consider ____________ a "basic" emotion.

Joy

You tend to digress and ramble when telling a story. Which guideline for conversation are you overlooking?

Keep it focused.

Having a supervisor who is an active, empathic listener is correlated with which of the following?

Less stress and higher satisfaction at both work and home

____________ is the degree of congruence between what a listener understands and what the message sender was attempting to communicate.

Listening fidelity

At which stage of the seven-step approach to conflict-management is paraphrasing most beneficial?

Listening to the other person's needs

We're imprinted with ways to give and receive affection from an early age; most people learn these ____________ in their family of origin.

Love Languages

The skillful ____________ of conflict can open the door to healthier, stronger, and more satisfying relationships, as well as to increased mental and physical health.

Management

____________ listening involves giving careful and thoughtful attention and responses to the messages we receive.

Mindful

Which attitude is disconfirming because it communicates a lack of concern for the welfare of another and implies that the other person isn't very important to you?

Neutrality

Migraine is an example of which barrier to listening?

Noise

Which of the following is a finding from research about emotion?

One of the most significant factors influencing emotional expression is the position of a culture on the individualism-collectivism spectrum.

Which relational maintenance strategies are used most often in email with friends and family?

Openness and Social networks

After calling your coworker a slacker, you then dismiss this deliberate criticism by saying, "Just kidding." You are using what kind of conflict style in this instance?

Passive aggression

Darius makes a deliberately critical joke about a colleague, Zoey, which he then dismisses by saying, "Just kidding, Zoey." Darius is using what kind of conflict style in this instance?

Passive aggression

In what way is a communication climate unlike the weather?

People can change their communication climates.

"So many friends, so little time" expresses the tension you experience when trying to juggle these various commitments. This reflects which element of conflict?

Perceived scarce resources

Tara is having a difficult time listening to her anthropology professor because she is worried about her failing grade in calculus. Which barrier to listening is this?

Personal concerns

Which of the following statements is TRUE about appearance?

Physical factors become less important as a relationship progresses.

Justin is explaining to his friend Maria why he is considering applying early for law school. Maria smiles and nods while thinking about whether she should apply early for med school. Which listening style is Maria exhibiting?

Pseudolistening

____________ feedback invites the speaker to talk without concern of evaluation.

Reflective

Which is the most constructive way of managing dialectical tensions?

Reframing

Different tones of voice affect which dimension of a message?

Relational

When Samuel told Ichiro that he had just lost his job, Ichiro listened carefully and then asked Samuel how he felt about having been fired, adding that he would act as a reference for him in his search for a new position. Ichiro practices which type of listening?

Relational

"Was that TMI?" is a question that reflects which feature of competent communication?

Self-monitoring

Which has been found to be one of the least forgivable offenses in a dating relationship?

Sexual infidelity

When your best friend gets a scholarship to a college you hope to attend, you are overwhelmed by conflicting feelings of admiration, excitement, and envy. How should you respond to your friend?

Share multiple feelings verbally to convey the range of your emotions.

You received a friend request from Titus, a friend of a friend on Facebook. You apparently have nothing in common with Titus. Which thesis is most helpful in explaining your decision not to respond?

Similarity

Which interpersonal relationship theory is based on an economical model?

Social exchange theory

"How has your mother been feeling lately? Did she get over her bronchitis?" These questions reflect which strategy for relational maintenance?

Social networks

Which strategy of relational maintenance involves being invested in each other's friends and family?

Social networks

Which type of listening ignores the contributions of others and monopolizes speaking time?

Stage hogging

The terms dishonesty and manipulation are associated with which of Gibb's behaviors?

Strategy

"You're really foolish enough to believe that?" is a statement conveying which of Gibb's positions?

Superiority

Agreement, offers to help, praise, and diversion are types of which listening response?

Supporting

What kind of friendship are you most likely to have with a teammate or a coworker?

Task oriented

Your spouse is not interested in hearing how you feel when your boss belittles you at work. Instead, he suggests ways you can avoid such criticism. He is what kind of listener?

Task-oriented

What has research revealed about how men and women approach conflict?

The "talk it out" person in a conflict scenario is likely female.

Which statement is TRUE about gender and emotion?

The differences in the ways men and women read and express emotions are due in large measure to social conventions.

Which of the following is a definitional characteristic of a family?

A common history

James became friends with Ciara and Julius separately in different classes at college, but once they got married, his relationship with them changed and they began interacting differently with him. What does this illustrate about family communication?

A family is more than the sum of its parts.

A relationship is best described as which of the following?

A process

Your recently retired parents have been spending more time together than ever before. In order to get some personal space, they decided to take separate vacations this year. Which strategy are they using to manage their dialectical tensions?

Alternating

Which is the best way to keep your contributions to a conversation interesting for your audience?

Analyze your audience and stick to topics they care about.

"Ideas are not personal property" is a rule of which activity?

Brainstorming

What, according to research, seems to be the primary basis of attraction for speed daters?

Appearance

The deluge of communication that characterizes the digital age has made which stage of listening tougher than at any time in human history?

Attending

Which shared task best predicts marital satisfaction?

Child rearing

"The first person to raise his voice loses the argument" is a proverb from ____________ culture.

Chinese

Reappraisal is an activity related to which component of emotions?

Cognitive interpretations

Which approach to conflict involves a high degree of concern for both self and others, with the goal of solving problems not "my way" or "your way" but "our way"?

Collaboration

Which of the following is considered the rational component of love?

Commitment

Kathleen's boss requests that she work overtime on the weekend. She replies, "You should ask David instead. He's never busy on the weekend, and I have young children at home to care for." Kathleen's response reflects which conflict style?

Competition

When your manager asks if you will work overtime on the weekend, you reply: "You should ask David instead. He's never busy on the weekend, and I have young children at home to care for." Your response reflects which conflict style?

Competition

____________ messages from parents help satisfy a great many of their children's needs, such as the need for nurturance and respect.

Confirming

Taylor doesn't like to deal with personal messages when she is at work, but her partner, Corey, feels the need to call or text her often during the day. Which dialectical tension are they experiencing in their relationship?

Connection-autonomy

At an external level, which dialectic captures the challenges that people in a relationship face when trying to meet others' expectations while being true to themselves?

Conventionality-Uniqueness

Which dialectic captures the challenges that people in a relationship face when trying to meet others' expectations while being true to themselves?

Conventionality-uniqueness

Which of the listening styles involves listening for inaccuracies and inconsistencies?

Critical

Julia considers the new partner of her friend Cassie a bad influence. Since they have become a couple, Cassie has started skipping classes, and her grades have suffered. Julia calmly yet assertively expresses her concerns to Cassie, who tells her to mind her own business. This is an example of which approach to conflict?

Destructive complementary

What do researchers call conflicts that arise when two opposing or incompatible desires exist simultaneously in a relationship?

Dialectical tensions

Phubbing conveys which type of message?

Disregard

____________ is the process of managing and sometimes suppressing emotions.

Emotional labor

"I can see how much that must have upset you" is a statement that uses what type of listening response?

Empathizing

Rank the following kinds of confirming messages from most to least positive.

Endorsement, Acknowledgment, Recognition

What can occur when both partners treat one another with matching hostility, one threat and insult leading to another?

Escalatory spiral

What kind of messages judge another person, usually in a negative way that lacks specifics?

Evaluative

Brittany doesn't think twice about eating whatever food her roommate, Elaine, puts in their fridge. Elaine resents this but hasn't shared her frustration with Brittany. Which pertinent element of the definition of conflict is not present in this scenario?

Expressed struggle

The silent treatment is an example of which characteristic of conflict?

Expressed struggle

You resent doing most of the housework, but your spouse assumes you enjoy it because you never complain. Which element of conflict of is absent in this scenario?

Expressed struggle

Much of the advice people offer on listening is __________.

overly simplistic

You are more likely to develop a friendship with someone in one of your classes or someone who lives next door due to ____________.

proximity

A crazy ex, a flaky friend, a jealous personality, and an inability to commit are examples of ____________.

relational baggage

What is the greatest concern with multitasking?

safety

In a conflict situation, time and affection can be perceived ____________.

scarce resources

Whereas hearing is a physiological process, attending is a psychological one that is part of the __________ stage of perception.

selection

The little voice that whispers in your head is called __________.

self-talk

Repetitive conflicts about the same issue in a relationship are known as ____________.

serial arguments

In conflict-management practice, it is important to choose a suitable time and place when ____________.

sharing your needs with the other person

Despite it being commonplace to experience several emotions at the same time, we often communicate only one feeling--usually, ____________.

the most negative one

John Gottman's "four horsemen of the apocalypse" are all types of ____________.

toxic conflict

____________ is attaching meaning to a message.

understanding

Jason went to great lengths to plan and prepare a dinner party for friends. Although the event was a big success, his partner, Riley, did not acknowledge his efforts. Riley does not understand Jason's primary love language, which is ____________.

words of affirmation

You spent all day cleaning the house until every counter and floor sparkled, efforts that went unnoticed when your romantic partner got home. This lack of recognition stung because your primary love language is __________.

words of affirmation