Ionic Compounds and Metals Vocab Quiz
metal ion
An ion formed mainly from elements in groups 1 and 2, but can also come from group 13 elements. They always lose valence electrons, making them become cations.
nonpolar
Equal sharing by two atoms. Same atom
substitutional alloy
Has atoms of the original metallic solid replaced by other metal atoms of similar size
salts
Ionic compounds formed by replacing one or more of the hydrogen ions of an acid.
polarity
The uneven partial charge distribution between various atoms in a compound. Usually a highly EN atom like O or F.
crystal lattice
a 3-dimensional geometric arrangement of the atoms or molecules or ions composing a crystal
metallic bond
a bond formed by the attraction between positively charged metal ions and the electrons cloud around them
ionic bond
a chemical bond in which one atom loses an electron to form a positive ion and the other atom gains to electron to form a negative ion
covalent bonding
a chemical bond in which two or more electrons are shared by two atoms. Sharing can be equal or unequal.
nonpolar-covalent bond
a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge
alloy
a mixture of elements that have metallic properties
oxyanion
a polyatomic ion that contains oxygen and another element, usually a nonmetal
nomenclature
a system of scientific names
ductile
a term used to describe a material that can be pulled out into a long wire
malleable
ability of metals and alloys to be rolled or hammered into thin sheets
monatomic ion
an ion formed from a single atom
binary ionic compound
an ionic compound in which one element present is a metal and the other element present is a nonmetal
polar
an uneven distribution of charge
anion
any atom or group of atoms with a negative charge
cation
any atom or group of atoms with a positive charge
ionic compound
composed of positive and negative ions that are combined so that the numbers of positive and negative charges are equal
delocalized electrons
electrons in metallic bonds that do not belong to any one atom but move freely about the metal's "electron cloud"
interstitial alloy
formed when the small holes (interstices) in a metallic crystal are filled with smaller atoms
polyatomic ion
ions made up of more than one atom
oxidation number
positive or negative number that indicates how many electrons an atom has gained or lost to become stable
electron sea model
proposes that all metal atoms in a metallic solid contribute their valence electrons to form a "sea" of electrons, and can explain properties of metallic solids such as malleability, conduction, and ductility
polar-covalent bond
the bonded atoms have an unequal attraction for the shared electrons
lattice energy
the energy needed to separate the ions in an ionic compound
chemical bond
the force that holds atoms together in a compound
formula unit
the representative particle for an ionic compound
nonmetal ion
usually an anion, gains electrons
