IS Final Ch 10

DDS Database

A collection of current or historical data from a number of application or groups. Can be small PC or massive data warehouse.

Fuzzy Logic

A rule based technology that represents such imprecision by creating rules that use approximate or subjective values.

(VRML) Virtual Reality Modeling Language

A set of specifications for interactive three-dimensional modeling on the World Wide Web.

Pivot Table

A table that displays two or more dimensions of data in a convenient format.

(CBR) Case-Based Reasoning

Artificial intelligence technology that represents knowledge as a database of cases and solutions.

3rd Step in Decision Making Process

Choice - choosing solutions.

DDS Software System

Collection of software tools that are used for data analysis, such as OLAP tools, datamining tools, or a collection of mathematical and analytical models.

Semi-structured Decisions

Decisions in which only part of the problem has a clear cut answer provided by an accepted procedure.

Structured Decisions

Decisions that are repetitive, routine, and have a definite procedure for handling them.

2nd Step in Decision Making Process

Design - discovering solutions.

Digital Dashboard

Displays on a single screen all of the critical measurements of piloting a company.

Drill Down

Executive Support Systems (ESS) have capability to ______, moving from a piece of summary data to lower and lower levels of detail.

Structured knowledge

Explicit knowledge that exists in formal documents, as well as in formal rules that organizations derive by observing experts their decision process.

Enterprise-wide knowledge management systems

General-purpose, firm-wide systems that collect, store, distribute and apply digital content and knowledge.

Neural Networks

Hardware or Software that attempts to emulate the processing patterns of the biological brain.

4th Step in Decision Making Process

Implementation - testing solutions.

(KWS) Knowledge Work Systems

Information systems that aid knowledge workers in the creation and integration of new knowledge in the organization.

1st Step in Decision Making Process

Intelligence - discovering problems.

Virtual reality systems

Interactive graphics software and hardware that create computer-generated simulations that provide sensations that emulate real-world activities.

Knowledge Base

Model of human knowledge that is used by expert systems.

Sensitivity Analysis

Models that ask "what-if" questions repeatedly to determine the impact of changes in one or more factors on the outcomes.

Unstructured Decisions

Non routine decisions- must provide judgement, evaluations, and insights into problem definition

Knowledge network systems

Online directory for locating corporate experts in well-defined knowledge domains.

Investment workstations

Powerful desktop computers for financial specialists, which are optimized to access and manipulate massive amounts of financial data

Genetic Algorithm

Problem -solving methods that promote the evolution of solutions to specified problems using the model of living organisms adapting to their environment.

Middle Management decision characteristics:

Semistructured

Intelligent Agents

Software programs that use a built-in or learned knowledge base to carry out specific, repetitive and predictable tasks or an individual user, business process, or software application.

Operational Management decision characteristics:

Structured

Expert System

System that captures human expertise in a limited domain of knowledge as a set of rules in a software system that can be used by others in the organization.

Digital asset management systems

Systems that help firms in publishing, advertising, broadcasting and entertainment, store, classify and distribute their digital objects.

(CDSS) Customer Decision-Support Systems

Systems to support the decision-making process of an existing or potential customer.

(GIS) Geographic Information Systems

Systems with software that can analyze and display data using digitized maps to enhance planning and decision-making.

Intelligent Techniques

Technologies that aid decision makers by capturing individual and collective knowledge, discovering patterns and behaviors in very large quantities of data, and generating solutions to problems that are too large and complex for human beings to solve on their own.

Data Visualization

Technology for helping users see patterns and relationships in large amounts of data by presenting the data in graphical form.

Knowledge Management

The set of business processes developed in an organization to create, store, transfer and apply knowledge.

Inference Engine

The strategy used to search through the rule base in an expert system; can be forward or backward chaining.

(LMS) Learning Management Systems

Tools for the management, delivery, tracking, and assessment of various types of employee training.

Senior Management decision characteristics:

Unstuctured

(GDSS) Group Decision Support Systems

______ are specialized systems that provide a group electronic environment in which managers and teams can collectively make decisions.

(ESS) Executive Support Systems

______ are systems that provide senior management, making primarily unstructured decisions, with external information.

(MIS) Management Information Systems

______ deliver routine reports of transaction-level data to middle- and operational-level managers to provide answers to structured and semi-structured decision problems.

(DSS) Decision Support Systems

______ provide analytical models or tools for analyzing large quantities of data and supportive interactive queries for middle managers who face semi-structured decision situations.

Enterprise content management systems

_______ help organizations manage structured and semi-structured knowledge providing corporate repositories of docs, reports, presentations and capabilities for collecting and organizing email and graphic objects.