ITEC 1001 Chapter 2

Select the colors that are used to create pixels in most output devices

red, blue, green

Data from the hard drive reaches the CPU ___ than data from the RAM.

slower

The protocol for wireless networks is called ___ .

wifi

The standard port for video and audio input into televisions today is the ___ port.

HDMI

The place in a digital device where the data and programs that device is currently using are accessible by the processor is called the ___ .

RAM

The instructions needed to boot-up a computer, such as the BIOS, are typically stored in ___ .

ROM

____ is actually storage since it retains data and information when the power has been turned off.

ROM (Read Only Memory)

The number of instructions the CPU can process per second is dictated by the ___ speed of the processor.

clock

The smallest element of an image is called a(n) ___ .

pixel

Select what's true regarding all-in-one computers.

- All-in-one computers house every component except the keyboard and mouse inside the same case as the monitor. - An all-in-one computer is a stationary device with a separate keyboard and mouse.

Select the characteristics of desktop computers.

- Desktops allow for relatively easy upgrade and expansion. - Desktops are often used in offices since they don't need to be mobile. - Desktops use a full OS.

Some computers use _____ , an 8-bit coding scheme to represent characters in a binary format.

ASCII

A short-range wireless transmission protocol is known as _____ .

Bluetooth

Which of the following might contain a traditional (magnetic) hard drive?

Dell desktop computer

The ___ is a computer within your computer that creates images.

GPU

A separate processor (computer) in your computer that enhances your video is called the ___ .

Graphic processor (GPU)

The abbreviation for megahertz is ___ .

MHz

Connecting digital musical devices to computers is accomplished by using ___ ports.

MIDI

This type of connector is the most common for connecting peripherals (printers, monitors, storage devices, etc.) to a computer.

USB

Many computers today use _____ which is a coding scheme using at least 16 bits to represent a character.

Unicode

Combining the power of a desktop with a neat, clean, look ____ computers are popular with businesses. Their lack of expandability make them less popular with serious gamers though.

all-in-one

Represented as either a 0 or 1, a ____ is the smallest unit of data a computer can process.

bit

Because its radio waves pass through walls or desktops, ___ - capable devices are becoming very popular.

bluetooth

A channel over which information flows inside a digital device is called a _____.

bus

The two major factors that impact processor speed are clock speed and _____ .

bus width

Data flows between different parts of the computer via _____ .

buses

In ASCII, eight bits are combined together to create one ____.

byte

One ___ represents a letter, symbol, or number (one character) of information

byte

In addition to the RAM, modern processors temporarily keep frequently accessed data in a _____.

cache

Clockspeed, also referred to as _________, is the speed at which the processor performs the operations required to run a digital device and instructions executed by the digital device.

clock rate

The amount of data that defines each color in a pixel is called ____ .

color depth

The two main components of a processor are the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and the _____ unit.

control

Devices with a separate system unit and a relatively large footprint are called _____ computers.

desktop

Screensize is measured by the ___ across the monitor.

diagonal

Screen size is measured by the ___.

diagonal distance between the upper right and lower left corners of the screen

Memory is ___ and has no moving parts.

electronic (solid state)

The machine cycle consists of which four steps?

fetch, decode, execute, and store Correct

Typical SSD capacities for tablet computers or smartphones are measured in ____ .

gigabytes

The visual image output that a computer creates is known as ____ .

graphics

The cost of an SSD is ____ than the cost of a traditional hard drive.

higher

Megahertz is equal to one _____ cycles (or instructions) per second.

million

A smartphone typically has numerous apps. A laptop typically has __ RAM than a smartphone.

more

When a computer is shut down, the information in the memory (the RAM, the caches, the registers) is ___ .

not saved

A point (a hole or slot) in a computer, designed to accept a specific connector, is called a ___ .

port

A processor comprised of one control unit and one ALU is called a ____ .

single-core processor

The average tablet computer has a ____ hard drive than the average desktop computer.

smaller

Devices that allow for the retention of data when your computer has been shut down are called ___ devices.

storage

Which has the most storage capacity?

terabyte

Because they're inexpensive and reliable ___ have become extremely popular storage devices.

thumbdrives (USB or flash drives)

If you buy a new computer game that emphasizes graphics, or new photo/video editing software for your desktop computer, you may want to purchase a new ___ card.

video

The maximum number of bits per instruction that a CPU can process during 1 machine cycle is called ___ .

word size

Personal computer CPU clock speeds range between _______ .

2 to 4 gigahertz

Match the following:

1. All-in-one computer 2. Desktop computer 3. Tablet computer 4.Laptop computer 1) not mobile, but since most of it's components are housed behind the monitor it takes relatively little space on your desk 2) not mobile, but allows for relatively easy upgrade and expansion 3) highly mobile - you can use it while standing or walking around 4) clamshell (hinged) type computer

Match the following optical storage media:

1. Blu-ray 2. DVD 3. CD 1) capacity of up to 50 GB (per side) 2) capacity of up to 8.5 GB 3) capacity of up to 700 MB

Match the cache:

1. Disk cache 2. L1 cache 3. L3 cache 1) memory used to increase a hard drive's efficiency 2) memory located directly on the processor itself 3) memory located adjacent to the processor

Select the reasons you might purchase a tablet computer.

- You need a computer that you can use while walking. - You need a highly mobile computer that works well for reading ebooks or for online gaming.

Select the characteristics of a traditional hard drive.

- contains platters - contains read/write heads - stores data magnetically

Select the characteristics of an SSD.

- no moving parts - extremely fast

Select the 2 responses that best define the term "resolution" in output devices.

- the number of pixels in a display - quality of the image

Match the following:

1) RAM 2) Cache 3) L1 cache 4) Register 1. largest memory of a computer, connected to the processor via the front side bus 2. relatively small amount of memory (measured in kilobytes or megabytes). 3. memory located directly on the processor itself 4. extremely small amount of memory (measured in bits) located throughout the processor

Match the following:

1. MIDI 2. HDMI 3. Plug and Play 1) capable of carrying digital music signals and are common in today's music scene 2) allows for the transmission of high-definition audio and video signals 3) a technology that enables the OS to detect and configure peripherals without downloading software or drivers

Match the following:

1. USB 2. Firewire 3. Port 4. Connector 1) allows for data transfer between devices and for devices to be electrically charged 2) a type of Thunderbolt port, commonly found on older Apple computers 3) a slot or hole that matches the cord or expansion card being connected to the port 4) On a cable, the connector is the end that connects to a port.

Rank the following from fastest to slowest. The fastest should be on top.

1. gigahertz 2. megahertz 3. kilohertz 4. hertz

Rank the storage capacities from highest to lowest. Start with the highest capacity first.

1. petabyte 2. terabyte 3. gigabyte 4. megabyte 5. kilobyte

Match the term to the correct amount of data:

1. Terabyte 2. Petabyte 3. Gigabyte 4. Megabyte 5. Kilobyte 1) 1 trillion bytes 2) 1000 terabytes 3) 1 billion bytes 4) 1 million bytes 5) 1 thousand bytes

Running the processor faster than recommended by the manufacturer is called _____ . This can increase performance and speed, but will also void the manufacturer warranty.

overclocking

The actual number of pixels in a monitor is called ___ resolution.

native

Match the following computer speed terms:

1. Megahertz 2. Gigahertz 3. Hertz 4. Bus width 5. Bus 1) equals one million cycles (instructions) per second 2) equals one billion cycles (instructions) per second 3) equals one cycle (instruction) per second 4) The amount of data that can be transmitted over a channel at a given time 5) A channel over which information flows inside a computer.

Match the processor manufacturer to the correct statement.

1. Nvidia 2. AMD 3. Intel 1) Founded in 1993, produces popular mobile device processors. 2) Founded in 1969, this company's technology is featured inside every major next generation gaming console and home entertainment system: Microsoft's Xbox One, Sony's PS4™, and Nintendo's Wii. 3) Founded in 1968, this is the world's largest manufacturer of processors.

FireWire connectors were developed for ___ computers.

Apple

What is equal to one cycle per second?

Hertz