Kinesiology Chapter 12 Physical Fitness

dynamic stretching

a joint is moved through its full range of motion

exercise

a subset of physical activities that are planned, structured, and designed to improve or maintain physical fitness

PNF stretching

active stretching pretension passive stretching

physical activity

any movement carried out by the skeletal muscles requiring energy

reversibility principle

extended training interruptions can result in stagnation or temporary decline in performance

work

force x distance

static stretching

holding a fully stretched position

intensity

how hard?

time

how long?

frequency

how often?

overload principle

increasing the frequency, intensity, or time of the exercise program in order to increase performance capacity

cardiorespiratory endurance

involves both heart and lungs, provide oxygen to tissue; the body's ability to sustain aerobic activities is a measure of this system's endurance

progression principle

load must be increased once the overload becomes the normal load in order to continue to improve

force

mass x acceleration

passive flexibility

range of movement achieved with the help of external forces

active flexibility

range of movement generated by the individual effort

specificity principle

select a training mode that is as close in action as it can be to the result in order to improve specific skill

fartlek

speedplay

flexibility

the ability of a joint to move through its full range of motion

muscular strength

the ability of a muscle or muscle group to exert force against a resistance

muscular endurance

the ability of a muscle to sustain a given level of force repeatedly at a given resistance

physical fitness

the ability of the body to adjust to the demands and stresses of physical effort and is thought to be a measure of one's physical health

power

the ability to overcome external resistance at a high rate of muscular contraction; dependent on muscular strength

absolute strength

total force a person can apply in a single effort against a resistance

type

what activities?

V02 max

when oxygen consumption has reached a plateau or maximal level