Management Exam 3
________ is the weakening of behavior by ignoring it or making sure it is not reinforced.
Extinction
________ is the tendency to attribute another person's behavior to his or her personal characteristics rather than to the situation the person is in.
Fundamental attribution bias
Based on the case, employee engagement at Away may be deteriorating because of which of the following?
increased stressors
To be effective, a leader must understand the ________ aspects of the organization such as values, attitudes, and personalities.
informal
When managers focus on the stakeholder group that generates the revenue, they are asking,
"How do customers see us?"
Which statement is a true representation of what managers should know about generations in the U.S. workforce?
Even though most workers are Millennials, an increasing proportion of older adults are still working.
Which of the following more closely aligns with a job versus a career?
A job is temporary and in service of someone else.
Which of the following describes the purpose of managerial control?
All of these choices are correct.
Your friend, Hideaki, will be attending his first work meeting tomorrow. He's fairly nervous because he wants to become a valued member of his work team. How would you advise Hideaki?
Ask "how" questions.
4 Layers of Diversity
CHAPTER 11 - REVIEW
Barriers to Diversity
CHAPTER 11 - REVIEW
Big Five Personality Traits
CHAPTER 11 - REVIEW
Perceptual Distortion
CHAPTER 11 - REVIEW
Herzberg's Two Factor Theory
CHAPTER 12 - REVIEW
Intrinsic vs. Extrinsic Rewards
CHAPTER 12 - REVIEW
Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs
CHAPTER 12 - REVIEW
The Contingency Model of Media Selection
CHAPTER 15 - REVIEW
Barriers to Communication
CHAPTER 15 0 REVIEW -Feedback Barrier -Encoding Barrier -Medium Barrier -Decoding Barrier -Sender Barrier -Receiver Barrier
PDCA Cycle
CHAPTER 16 - REVIEW
Types of Control
CHAPTER 16 - REVIEW -Feedforward Control -Concurrent Control -Feedback Control
Strategy maps utilize the ______________ viewpoint of management theory.
Contingency
________ can cause managers to make mistakes and errors that harm the organization or employees.
Distortions in perception
________ represent(s) all the ways people are unlike and alike.
Diversity
Which of the following may be done as a corrective action in the control process?
Evaluate performance and take action.
________ is the expectation that successful performance of the task will lead to the desired outcome.
Instrumentality
________ is a state of reduced attention that is expressed in behavior that is rigid or thoughtless. This state is natural because human beings simply cannot keep up with all the stimuli they receive.
Mindlessness
Bautista launched a line of gourmet butters made from pistachios and other exotic nuts. As his brand has grown, Bautista is finding it difficult to operate a commercial kitchen in a cost-effective manner. Which quality improvement technique would benefit Bautista?
Outsource the production and canning of the butters to achieve operational efficiency.
________ is at the center of the diversity wheel.
Personality
Which of the following is a tip for writing more effectively for business purposes?
Start by stating your purpose and what you expect of the reader.
________ is the tendency to attribute to an individual the characteristics one believes are typical of the group to which that individual belongs.
Stereotyping
________ are abstract ideals that guide one's thinking and behavior across all situations.
Values
Which of these statements describes equity theory?
Workers consider their own inputs and outcomes in comparison with those of others.
The case points out which barrier to diversity?
a negative diversity climate
Contrary to stereotypes, ________ has no impact on media richness preference.
age
In the Management in Action case, what contemporary control method was utilized to help shale oil companies optimize drilling practices?
artificial intelligence (AI)
Which of the following jobs are low in task identity?
assembly line worker
Professors at OB University must follow strict guidelines when it comes to planning and delivering course material. This is an example of low
autonomy
When using positive reinforcement, managers should
clearly communicate the desired behaviors.
Which primary function of management is concerned with ensuring the right things happen at the right time in the right way?
controlling
Amaia has been very careful to work with her team to finalize next year's goals. She has taken the process seriously and now wants to make sure that others do their part. Amaia is insisting that all employees follow instructions fully and completely. Amaia seems to be exhibiting the
controlling function because she is concerned with seeing that the right things happen at the right time.
Tardiness, accidents, sexual harassment, and white-collar crime are examples of
counterproductive work behaviors.
Which barrier to communication is exemplified by German speakers providing feminine descriptions of bridges when Spanish speakers provide masculine descriptions of bridges?
cross-cultural
For an airline company, frequent reliable departures are a measurable objective for which perspective?
customer
The vice president of finance at Adventure Park, an amusement park, disseminated a new five-year strategic plan to the merchandise, attractions, and operations directors. This is an example of ________ communication.
downward
Chenglei worked on a global team for an American company, and all her work had to be completed in her second language, English. Sometimes her teammates misinterpreted her meaning. Chenglei has unintentionally created a(n) ________ barrier to communication.
encoding
Shelly praised Susan via email for how well she executed an employee training program last week. Shelly is engaging in the ________ process using a __________ medium
encoding; written
When an organization considers "Do we have the people, technology, and organizational culture needed to support our strategies?" it is considering the ________ perspective.
innovation and learning
When one department store authorized thousands of its sales clerks to handle functions normally reserved for store managers, such as handling merchandise-return problems and approving customers' checks, the store implemented a job ________ technique.
enrichment
If someone thinks that their language is superior to others, it can cause defensiveness. In this case, what style should be used to move a conversation toward nondefensiveness?
equal
After struggling with the accounting training, Aaron is unsure whether he can complete the end-of-year financial reporting with no errors in the time allotted. In this case, Aaron is low on the ________ element of expectancy theory.
expectancy
Employees with an ________ locus of control are likely to believe that whether they get a raise or not will be decided by whether the economy is doing well.
external
Luke, who holds a master's degree, refuses to work for Maya because, although Maya has run the department for 22 years, she does not have a college degree. Luke is convinced he is more qualified to be the manager. Luke is causing conflict based on a characteristic in which layer of the diversity wheel?
external dimensions
In the Management in Action case, the potential bonus that Arkansas authorities would provide medical workers during the pandemic is an example of a(n) ________ reward.
extrinsic
Della, the sales manager, just informed her sales team that all sales in March will earn an extra 5 percent commission. The team gets right to work, being motivated by a(n)
extrinsic reward.
Jade is completing a work assignment and sends an email to her supervisor asking for clarification. Her supervisor's response to her initial email represents which step in the communication process?
feedback
Of the following, which medium is the leanest?
flyer on a bulletin board
Based on what you learned about co-CEO Korey and causal attribution, what attributional tendency do you believe she utilizes when an employee wants to take time off or does not immediately answer messages?
fundamental attribution bias
Which of the following jobs exhibit the highest level of skill variety?
head chef
Which of the following Big 5 personality measurements probably contributed to co-CEO Korey's initial success at Away?
high conscientiousness
When thieves use your name and good credit rating to get cash or buy things, they are engaging in
identity theft.
A company that works to create a culture that encourages rank-and-file employees to make suggestions, question the status quo, and also measure employee growth, is developing which perspective of the balanced scorecard?
innovation and learning perspective
When the restaurant owner installed no-slip, padded mats throughout the kitchen, she was considering the ________ perspective.
internal business
Replacing Starbucks' baristas with automated coffee-making machines would fall under what perspective?
internal business processes
Innovation and learning perspective of the balanced scorecard focuses on the improvement of
knowledge-sharing mechanisms.
Russians express more collectivist ideas when they speak Russian, and more individualistic ideas when they speak English. This variation is reflective of a change in
linguistic style.
The purpose of using a balanced scorecard is for companies to
make sure their business activities align with strategy.
All Round, a new virtual music store, is trying to compete with iTunes. One thing All Round did was count the number of products sold and units produced. Where are they in the control process?
measuring performance
Sarah works at a catering company. One afternoon, she receives word of a venue change and informs her supervisor via email. Sarah's supervisor never receives the email because the server is down. This disturbance is an example of
noise.
Assume you learned during a visit to Madrid that a Spanish man is less expressive than a Spanish woman. Which communication characteristic would this be attributed to?
nonverbal patterns
Keitaro, a university administrator, needs to send an official memo to the directors of the registration, advising, and financial aid divisions, as well as their supervisors. To determine who should receive his memo, Keitaro consults the
organization chart.
A sales commission is an example of a ________ compensation plan.
pay for performance
In the Management in Action case, McFarland was standing atop a table frantically yelling instructions at the crowd. If the crowd was not able to understand McFarland's instructions because they could not hear him, which barrier to communication was most likely present?
physical
Answer this question based on the Management in Action Case. Assume that nurses in a large city are responsible for dozens of patients on each shift during the pandemic while their counterparts in a smaller city are only responsible for a fraction of that. Both groups of nurses have equivalent backgrounds, salaries, and working conditions. Based on equity theory, the nurses in the smaller city would be feeling
positive inequity.
According to the acquired needs theory, the desire to influence others is part of the need for
power.
Desiree volunteered to pack meals for a donation to individuals displaced by a recent hurricane. Desiree engaged in ________ behavior.
prosocial
Iman's manager, using ________, required him to give up his company car because he had missed sales goals for four consecutive quarters.
punishment
The Americans with Disabilities Act requires employers to
reasonably accommodate an individual's disability.
What is the third step in the basic communication process?
receiver decodes
An example of an instrinsic reward is
recognition.
Which of the following is not a source of job-related stress at Away?
role ambiguity
After three shuttle crashes in three months, one of which resulted in a serious injury to a driver, Get Around Shuttle drivers received additional training, and the company retrofitted all shuttles with new braking systems. Which level of Maslow's needs are addressed by Get Around Shuttle's actions?
safety
For managers, the importance of Maslow's contribution is that he showed that workers
seek more from their jobs than just a paycheck.
According to ________ theory, competence, autonomy, and relatedness are the primary motivations for behavior.
self-determination
Boring, tedious jobs generally reduce people's perceptions of their
self-efficacy.
Rob told Tamara to get him a report "right away." Tamara was not sure what "right away" meant. This is an issue of
semantics.
Managers should understand the diversity wheel because it
specifies differences and similarities that influence our workplace interactions.
At Fresh Bakery, Simon pulls six samples an hour from an assembly line to examine them for quality defects. If he finds any, he makes adjustments to various pieces of equipment in his area. Simon's job involves
statistical process control.
Timothy was hiring a new financial analyst, and he had several good candidates. He was leaning toward hiring Jade, a Japanese American woman, because he thinks Asians are better at math. Timothy is exhibiting which distortion in perception?
stereotyping
During a managers meeting, Maritza rolled her eyes three times, made a cynical remark, and slammed her notebook down on the table. Maritza could be described as a
stink bomb thrower.
Sarah is a manager at a retail store that sells mobile devices. After reviewing the store's sales records over the past several months, she determines that the store needs to sell more devices to boost their sales. Accordingly, she tells employees that they will be expected to sell at least five phones per day and assesses the number of sales each employees make after a month has passed. Most employees met this requirement, but a few sold fewer than five phones per day. Sarah decides not to approach these underperforming employees for fear of being disliked. Which of the following steps in the control process did Sarah not take?
taking corrective action
Tarek's supervisor noticed that he was struggling with the computerized setup for production runs at his new job. The supervisor observed him while he tried it again and gave suggestions for improvement. The supervisor is doing which step of the control process?
taking corrective action
A janitor in a hospital is likely to feel higher levels of ______ than a janitor in a toilet paper factory.
task significance
According to Dale Carnegie, after delivering your main content, you should
tell them what you said.
The self-management dimension of emotional intelligence is described as
the ability to control your emotions and act with honesty and integrity in reliable and adaptable ways.
When a goal is not met, a manager should assume that
the set goal was too ambitious or employees need to improve their performance.
According to Herzberg, which of the following is an example of a motivating factor?
the work itself
Why is it important for management to use a balanced scorecard?
to view multiple indicators of performance simultaneously
Green Carts Ltd. has begun to offer its employees the option of buying stock in the company as a benefit because they do not offer a retirement package. In doing so, Green Carts expects its employees will
work hard to make the stock rise, so they can buy more at a cheaper price.
VariCorp offers employee benefits such as flex-time, sabbaticals, and onsite daycare. VariCorp knows its employees have a need for
work-life balance.