Med Term - Chapter 17 - Medical Word

mittelschmerz

abdominal pain midway between the menstrual periods, which occurs at the time of ovulation and at the site of ovulation

adnexa

accessory parts of a structure. Adnexa uteri refers to the ovaries and Fallopian tubes

menarche

beginning of the monthly flow (menses, menstruation)

uterine fibroid

benign fibrous tumor of the uterus made up of muscle cells and other tissues that grow within the wall of the uterus; also called uterine leiomyoma

menopause

cessation of the monthly flow; also called climacteric

endometriosis

condition in which endometrial tissue occurs in various sites in the abdominal or pelvic cavity

premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

condition that affects certain women and can cause distressful symptoms such as constipation, diarrhea, nausea, appetite cravings, headache, backache, muscular aches, edema, insomnia, clumsiness, iritability, indecisiveness, mental confusion, and depression

dysmenorrhea

difficult or painful monthly flow (menses or menstruation)

dyspareunia

difficult or painful sexual intercourse (copulation)

menorrhagia

excessive uterine bleeding at the time of a menstrual period, either in number or days or amount of blood or both. Causes include uterine fibroid tumors and pelvic inflammatory disease; also may be caused by an endocrine imbalance

fibroma

fibrous tissue tumor; also called fibroid tumor, most common benign tumor found in women

oogenesis

formation of the ovum

cystocele

hernia of the bladder that protrudes into the vagina

hysterotomy

incision into the uterus; also called a cesarean section

pelvic inflammation disease (PID)

infection of the upper genital area; can affect the uterus, ovaries, and Fallopian tubes

bartholinitis

inflammation of Bartholin's glands. To check for swelling, redness, or tenderness, the Bartholin's gland is palpated at the posterior labia majora

salpingitis

inflammation of a Fallopian tube

myometritis

inflammation of the muscular wall of the uterus

cervicitis

inflammation of the uterine cervix

vaginitis

inflammation of the vagina

hysteroscope

instrument used in teh biopsy of uterine tisse before 12 weeks fo gestation. This tissue is then analyzed for chromosome arrangement, DNA sequence, and genetic defects

colposcope

instrument used to examine the vagina and cervix by means of a magnifying lens

amenorrhea

lack of the monthly flow (menses or munstruation)

genitalia

male or female reproductive organs

menorrhea

normal monthly flow (menses, menstruation)

perimenopause

period of gradual changes that lead into menopause affecting a woman's hormones, body, and feelings. It can be a stop-start process that can take months or years. Hormone levels fluctuate, thereby causing changes in the menstrual cycle, which becomes irregular

postcoital

pertaining to after sexual intercourse

venereal

pertaining to or resulting form sexual intercourse

rectovaginal

pertaining to the rectum and vagina

retrovaginal

pertaining to the rectum and vagina

intrauterine

pertaining to within the uterus

gynecologist

physician who specializes in the study of the female, especially the diseases of the female reproductive organs and the breasts

toxic shock syndrome (TSS)

poisonous Staphylococcus aureus infection that can strike young, menstruating women

laser ablation

procedure that uses a laser to destroy the uterine lining. A biopsy is performed before he procedure to make sure no cancer is present. This procedure can be used for disabling menstrual bleeding. It causes sterility

laser laparoscopy

procedure that uses a long, telescope like instrument equipped with a laser, lights, and a tiny video camera. It can be used to explore the abdominal area and to treat ectopic pregnancy

ovulation

process in which an ovum is discharged from the cortex of the ovary; periodic ripening and rupture of a mature graafian follicle and the discharge of an ovum from the cortex of the ovary. Occurs approximately 14 days before the onset of the next menstrual period

retroversion

process of being turned backward, such as the displacement of the uterus with the cervix pointed forward

contraception

process of preventing conception

oligomenorrhea

scanty monthly flow (menses, menstruation)

genetics

science of biology that studies the phenomenon of heredity and the laws governing it

biotics

science of living organisms and the sum of knowledge regarding the life process

gynecology (GYN)

study of the female, especially the diseases of the female reproductive organs and the breasts

salpingectomy

surgical excision of a Fallopian tue

oophorectomy

surgical excision of an ovary

salpingo-oopho-rectomy

surgical excision of an ovary and a Fallopian tube

mastectomy

surgical excision of the breast

hymenectomy

surgical excision of the membranous fold of tissue (the hymen) that partially or completely covers the vaginal opening

hysterectomy

surgical excision of the uterus

culdocentesis

surgical puncture of the cul-de-sac for removal of fluid

lumpectomy

surgical removal of a tumor from the breast. This procedure removes only the tumor, no other tissue or lymph nodes; usually not considered for large tumors, although the latest strategy involves shrinking large tumors with chemotherapy so that they become small enough to be removed by this method

mammoplasty

surgical repair of the breast

laser lumpectomy

use of a contact Yag laser to remove a tumor from the breast. It appears to cause less pain for the patient and decreases time in the hospital