Metamorphic Rock, Sedimentary Rocks, Igneous Rock
Chert
A hard sedimentary rock made from decomposed sea life. _____________________ has been used for stone tools in the past.
Coal
A sedimentary rock made from decomposed dead plants.
Limestone
A sedimentary rock made from decomposed marine creatures.
Coquina
A sedimentary rock made from fossilized seashells stuck together.
Sandstone
A sedimentary rock made from grains of sand.
Shale
A sedimentary rock made from microscopic mud particles.
Breccia
A sedimentary rock made with large, angled particles.
Conglomerate
A sedimentary rock made with large, rounded particles.
Weathering
Any process that breaks rocks down into smaller pieces.
structure
Describes the appearance of the rock
marble
List 1 nonfoliated metamorphic rock.
slate, schist, gneiss
List 3 foliated metamorphic rocks.
Sediments
Loose pieces of rock, sand, dust, clay, or dirt.
heat and pressure
Metamorphic rock need ____ to form
Appearance, texture, crystal structure, mineral content
Name 4 characteristics that change when a rock goes through metamorphism.
shale > slate > schist > gneiss
Name the progression of shale as it goes through the process of metamorphism. (3 rocks)
Glassy
No crystalline structure cooled magma extreamly rapidly concodial fracture volcanic
Fragmental
Obvious different types of particles cemented together
Recrystallization
Process where minerals can change in size and/or composition.
Fossils
Remains of living things turned to stone.
Metamorphic Rock
Rock that is formed from metamorphism/ When the chemical composition of a rock changes due to heat and pressure this rock forms.
Sedimentary Rock
Rocks formed from other rocks and minerals.
Layers
Sedimentary rocks are formed in _____________________________.
Chemical Rock
Sedimentary rocks formed when minerals are dissolved in water and then the water evaporates.
Clastic Rock
Sedimentary rocks formed when pieces of other rocks or sediments are cemented together.
Erosion
The movement of pieces of rock from one place to another.
Sedimentation
The process in which layers of rocks, sand, clay and other particles are deposited.
Texture
The visibility of the particles of rock.
Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic
What type of rock can turn into a metamorphic rock?
Metamorphism
When chemical composition of a rock changes because of heat and pressure.
Compatction
When layers of sediment are squeezed together.
Deposition
When pieces of rock are dropped and no longer moving.
Cementation
When sediments are glued together to form rock.
Many kilometers beneath Earth's surface
Where are metamorphic rocks formed?
shale
_____, a sedimentary rock, changes to slate with heat and pressure.
gneiss (nice)
banded hard light and dark material parent rock granite schist slate
antracite
black shiny low density parent rock- bituminous coal
texture
can be fine medium or course
porphyritic
distinct mixed crystals (each w/ distinct cooling history) plutonic cooled slow beneath surface
signs of volcanoe eruption
earthquakes gasses doming small eruptions lava domes
Aphanitic
fast cooling small tiny crystals volcanic
bowens reaction series
felsic melts last, crystalizes first
igneous rocks
formed from the solidification and cooling of magma
serpentinite
green, waxy parent rock peridotite
quartzite
hard crystalline sugary parent rock quartz sandstone
contact
high temp/ low pressure close to intrusions close to [plutons and [plumes
regional
highpressure / low temp convergent plate boundaries near subduction
dark colored minerals
hornblende, augite, olivine, biotite
Phaneritic/Porphyritic
intermediate mixed (plutonic)
Aphanitic/Porphyritic
mixed crystals different cooling history volcanic cool fastest at surface large crystals formed before eruption
skarn
nonfoliated shiny garnet and green epidote
which mineral crystalizes first? Melts last
olivine
bowens Old Age Hags Buy Our Mushrooms Quickly
olivine augite hornblende biotite orthoclase muscovite quartz
marble (nonfoliated)
parent rock limestone fizzes with acid
shield volcano
passive hawaii mafic composition high temperature viscosity low pressure low
vesicular
pitted with many cavities gasses escaping slowly very small crystals or glassy
which mineral crystalizes last? Melts first
quartz
light colored minerals
quartz, orthoclase feldspar, plagioclase feldspar, muscovite
two types of metamorphic rock
regional and contact
glassy
shiny or scratchy in appearance
schist
shiny visible mica parent rock slate phyllite
texture
size of crystals
gasses that escape volcanoes
sulfur dioxide carbon dioxide water vapor
how are igneous rocks classified
texture and composition
phyllite
thin, platy, sheen parent rock of slate and mudstone
composition
ultra mafic, mafic, intermediate, felsic
Pegmatitic
very large crystals very slow cooling magma watery magma
Phaneritc
visible crystals plutonic slow cooling uplift ad erosion
Nonfoliated
when mineral crystals are not arranged in bands or stripes.
Foliated
when minerals are arranged in stripes or bands.
