MGMT 363 Chapter 16 study

Surveys suggest that as many as _____ percent of new employees leave an organization within the first 90 days as a result of unmet expectations. A. 33 B. 25 C. 50 D. 66 E. 75

33

What percent of the gross domestic product in the United States is generated by service-based organizations? A. 27 B. 65 C. 39 D. 52 E. 86

65

Which of the following holds that potential employees will be attracted to organizations whose cultures match their own personality, organizations will weed out the potential misfits, and the remaining misfits will leave because of being unhappy or ineffective? A. Mentoring B. Countercultures C. ASA framework D. Socialization E. Subcultures

ASA framework

According to the text, when an organization begins to recruit and hire new employees, which of following can conspire to help keep cultures strong? A. ASA framework and socialization B. Subcultures and countercultures C. Safety culture and networked cultures D. Stories and symbols E. Physical structures and ceremonies

ASA framework and socialization

Which of the following involve making sure a potential employee has an accurate picture of what working for an organization is going to be like by providing both the positive and the negative aspects of the job? A. ASAs B. Reality shock C. Espoused values D. RJPs E. Countercultures

RJPs

At National Mission, Inc., managers start every week with a two-hour meeting focusing on goals for that week and open communication between team members in their department and ways to achieve the goals. This routine describes which of the following? A. A ritual B. A story C. The company's values D. The company's language E. A symbol

a ritual

Which of the following is a disadvantage of a strong culture? A. Differentiates the organization from others B. Allows employees to identify themselves in the organization C. Facilitates the desired behaviors among employees D. Creates stability within the organization E. Adapting to the environment is easier

adapting to the environment is easier

Which of the following is an advantage of a strong culture? A. Makes merging with another organization more simple. B. Allows employees to identify themselves with the organization. C. Can be "too much of a good thing" if it creates extreme behaviors. D. Makes adapting to the environment less difficult. E. Attracts and retains similar kinds of employees.

allows employees to identify themselves with the organization

In your final semester, you are interviewing at Target. You have collected preliminary information from Target's Web site and other employees. You are getting additional information during the interview process from the managers. You can be described at which stage of the socialization process? A. Encounter B. Attrition C. Anticipatory D. Adaptation and understanding E. Selection

anticipatory

Realistic job previews occur during which stage of socialization? A. Encounter B. Attrition C. Anticipatory D. Adaptation E. Understanding

anticipatory

Which of the following represents the first stage in the socialization process? A. Attrition B. Anticipatory C. Encounter D. Adaptation E. Understanding

anticipatory

_____ socialization begins as soon as a potential employee develops an image of what it must be like to work for a given company. A. Encounter B. Attrition C. Anticipatory D. Adaptation E. Understanding

anticipatory

Which of the following supply the primary means of transmitting an organization's culture to its workforce? A. Underlying assumptions B. Artifacts C. Espoused values D. Competitive response E. Norms

artifacts

ASA in the "ASA framework" stands for: A. anticipation-socialization-articulation B. attraction-selection-attrition C. ask-substitute-attract D. allocation-submission-anticipation E. assertion-supplemention-apprehension

attraction-selection-attrition

Identify the disadvantage of a strong culture. A. Differentiates the organization from others B. Allows employees to identify themselves in the organization C. Attracts and retains similar kinds of employees D. Creates stability within the organization E. Facilitates the desired behaviors among employees

attracts and retains similar kinds of employees

Which of the following represent the deepest and least observable part of a culture? A. Espoused values B. Stories C. Basic underlying assumptions D. Rituals E. Observable artifacts

basic underlying assumptions

_____ are taken-for-granted beliefs and philosophies that are so ingrained that employees simply act on them rather than questioning the validity of their behavior in a given situation. A. Espoused values B. Stories C. Basic underlying assumptions D. Rituals E. Observable artifacts

basic underlying assumptions

Formal events generally performed in front of an audience of organizational members are: A. rituals. B. stories. C. ceremonies. D. language. E. symbols.

ceremonies

What is the important part of the understanding and adaptation stage of socialization? A. The first day an employee starts work B. The potential employee developing an image of what it must be to work for the company C. Change on the part of the employee D. The things that organizational insiders tell a potential employee about the organization E. The occurrence of reality shock

change on the part of the employee

In practice, there are two primary ways to change a culture: A. ASA framework and socialization. B. changes in leadership and mergers or acquisitions. C. ASA framework and changes in leadership. D. socialization and mergers or acquisitions. E. mergers and ASA framework.

changes in leadership and mergers or acquisitions

Organizations with friendly employees who all think alike are _____ cultures. A. communal B. mercenary C. networked D. fragmented E. collective

communal

Which of the following is one of the tactics designed to discourage adaptation to the organization's culture? A. Orient new employees along with a group of other new employees B. Provide hurdles that are required to be met prior to organizational membership C. Provide role models for newcomers D. Put newcomers through orientation apart from current organizational members E. Constantly affirm to newcomers that they are to be themselves and that they were chosen for the organization based on who they are

constantly affirm to newcomers that they are to be themselves and that they were chosen for the organization based on who they are

Which of the following tactics is designed to encourage adaptation to the organization's culture? A. Use no examples of what an employee is supposed to be like. B. Constantly remind newcomers that they are now part of a group and that this new group helps define who they are. C. Allow newcomers to interact with current employees while they are being oriented. D. Allow organizational membership regardless of whether any specific requirements have been met. E. Orient new employees by themselves.

constantly remind newcomers that they are now part of a group and that this new group helps define who they are

The values of the marketing department culture at 3-in-1 Disk Manufacturing, Inc., do not match with those of the overall organization and it consistently challenges the values of 3-in 1 and signifies the need for change. This marketing department's culture can be described as which of the following? A. ASA framework B. Countercultures C. Safety culture D. Networked culture E. Idiocultures

countercultures

When Google allows its engineers to spend 20 percent of their working time pursuing projects that they feel passionate about to foster innovation at the organization, it describes which of the following specific cultures? A. Creativity B. Service C. Safety D. Diversity E. Communal

creativity

The shared social knowledge within an organization regarding the rules, norms, and values that shape the attitudes and behaviors of its employees refers to organizational: A. structure. B. chart. C. strength. D. culture. E. rituals.

culture

Which of the following exists when employees definitely agree about the way things are supposed to happen within the organization and when their subsequent behaviors are consistent with those expectations? A. Mentoring B. Culture strength C. ASA framework D. Realistic job previews E. Reality shock

culture strength

Most merged companies operate under a _____ for an extended period of time. A. strong culture B. weak culture C. subculture D. differentiated culture E. counterculture

differentiated culture

When countercultures split the organization's culture right down the middle, which of the following is the resultant culture? A. Strong cultures B. Weak cultures C. Subcultures D. Differentiated cultures E. Countercultures

differentiated cultures

Identify the advantage of a strong culture. A. Makes merging with another organization easy. B. Makes adapting to the environment simple. C. Can be "too much of a good thing" if it creates extreme behaviors. D. Differentiates the organization from others. E. Attracts and retains similar kinds of employees.

differentiates the organization from others

All of the following are general culture types except: A. communal. B. mercenary. C. diversity. D. fragmented. E. networked.

diversity

Which of the following statements about organizational culture is false? A. Culture is social knowledge among members of the organization. B. Employees learn about most important aspects of culture through their employers. C. Culture tells employees what the rules, norms, and values are within the organization. D. Culture is shared knowledge, which means that members of the organization understand and have a degree of consensus regarding what the culture is. E. Organizational culture shapes and reinforces certain employee attitudes and behaviors by creating a system of control over employees.

employees learn about most important aspects of culture through their employers

Which stage of socialization begins the day an employee starts work? A. Encounter B. Attrition C. Anticipatory D. Adaptation and understanding E. Selection

encounter

You were just hired at Target in their Management Training program. Today is your first day. You can be described at which stage of the socialization process? A. Encounter B. Attrition C. Anticipatory D. Adaptation and understanding E. Selection

encounter

Reality shock occurs in which stage of socialization? A. Anticipatory stage B. Encounter stage C. Understanding stage D. Insider stage E. Adoption stage

encounter stage

ABC International recently published its vision statement. This is an example of: A. observable artifacts. B. stories. C. basic underlying assumptions. D. rituals. E. espoused values.

espoused values

The published mission statement at Disney is an example of which of the following? A. Espoused values B. Stories C. Basic underlying assumptions D. Rituals E. Observable artifacts

espoused values

Which of the following are the beliefs, philosophies, and norms that a company explicitly states? A. Rituals B. Stories C. Ceremonies D. Espoused values E. Observable artifacts

espoused values

At Simon Corporation, employees are distant and disconnected from one another. Based on this, the organizational culture at Simon can be described as which of the following? A. Communal B. Mercenary C. Networked D. Fragmented E. Collective

fragmented

Adoption of the spoken and unspoken goals and values of the organization is represented in which of the following dimensions addressed in the socialization effort? A. Language B. Performance proficiency C. People D. History E. Goals and values

goals and values

In organizations with communal culture, we tend to find _____ sociability and _____ solidarity. A. low; low B. moderate; high C. moderate; low D. high; high E. low; moderate

high; high

In organizations with networked culture, we tend to find _____ sociability and _____ solidarity. A. low; low B. low; moderate C. high; low D. moderate; high E. moderate; low

high; low

Information regarding the organization's traditions, customs, myths, and rituals are represented in which dimension addressed in the socialization effort? A. Language B. Performance proficiency C. People D. History E. Politics

history

Knowledge of the acronyms, slang, and jargon that are unique to the organization is represented in which of the following dimensions addressed in the socialization effort? A. Language B. Performance proficiency C. Goals and values D. Politics E. History

language

_____ reflect(s) the jargon, slang, and slogans used within the walls of an organization. A. Rituals B. Beliefs C. Values D. Language E. Symbols

language

The rate of successful major culture change is estimated at: A. less than 20 percent. B. more than 66 percent. C. about 50 percent. D. between 40 and 60 percent. E. approximately 33 percent.

less than 20 percent

In organizations with mercenary cultures, we tend to find _____ sociability and _____ solidarity. A. moderate; low B. low; high C. high; low D. high; moderate E. moderate; moderate

low; high

In organizations with fragmented cultures, we tend to find _____ sociability and _____ solidarity. A. low; low B. moderate; high C. high; moderate D. high; high E. moderate; moderate

low; low

A process by which a junior level employee develops a deep and long-lasting relationship with a more senior level employee within the organization refers to: A. mentoring. B. organizational commitment. C. ASA framework. D. socialization. E. person-organization fit.

mentoring

All of the following are dimensions addressed in most socialization efforts except: A. mentoring. B. performance proficiency. C. goals and values. D. politics. E. history.

mentoring

Organizations that have cultures in which employees think alike but are not friendly to one another can be considered _____ cultures. A. communal B. mercenary C. networked D. fragmented E. collective

mercenary

The environment at Universal Services, Inc., is very political and all employees generally are always thinking "what's in it for me?" Such a culture can be described as which of the following? A. Communal B. Mercenary C. Networked D. Fragmented E. Collective

mercenary

All of the following are values used to judge fit with an organizational culture except: A. flexibility. B. motivation. C. stability. D. risk taking. E. adaptability.

motivation

_____ cultures are those where all employees are friendly to one another, but everyone thinks differently and does his/her own thing. A. Communal B. Mercenary C. Networked D. Fragmented E. Complex

networked

Which of the following statements about the encounter stage of socialization is true? A. It happens prior to an employee spending even one second on the job. B. New employees compare the information they acquired as outsiders during the first stage with what the organization is really like now that they are insiders. C. Newcomers come to learn the content areas of socialization and internalize the norms and expected behaviors of the organization. D. It is the adoption of the spoken and unspoken goals and values of the organization. E. It is the last stage in the socialization process.

new employees compare the information they acquired as outsiders during the first stage with what the organization is really like now that they are insiders

All of the following are associated with the anticipatory stage of socialization except: A. it happens prior to an employee spending even one second on the job. B. newcomers come to learn the content areas of socialization and internalize the norms and expected behaviors of the organization. C. it starts the moment a potential employee hears the name of the organization. D. the bulk of the information acquired during this stage occurs during the recruitment and selection processes employees go through. E. it is the first stage in the socialization process.

newcomers come to learn the content areas of socialization and internalize the norms and expected behaviors of the organization

_____ are the manifestations of an organizational culture that everyone can see or talk about. A. Basic underlying assumptions B. Observable artifacts C. Espoused values D. Safety culture E. Service culture

observable artifacts

The three major components to any organizational culture are: A. observable artifacts, espoused values, and basic underlying assumptions. B. observable artifacts, hidden artifacts, and semi-public artifacts. C. internal values, espoused values, and external values. D. symbols, physical structures, and ceremonies. E. language, stories, and rituals.

observable artifacts, espoused values, and basic underlying assumptions

Which of the following statements about the ASA framework is false? A. Organizations will select candidates based on whether their values and beliefs fit the culture. B. Those people who do not fit will be unhappy when working in the organization. C. Potential employees will be attracted to organizations whose cultures match their own personality. D. Those people who do not fit will be ineffective when working in the organization. E. Some potential job applicants will not apply due to a perceived lack of fit.

organizations will select candidates based on whether their values and beliefs fit the culture

Successful and satisfying relationships with organizational members are represented in which of the following dimensions addressed in the socialization effort? A. Language B. Performance proficiency C. People D. History E. Politics

people

Knowledge of the roles required and the tasks involved in the job is represented in which of the following dimensions addressed in the socialization effort? A. Language B. Performance proficiency C. Goals and values D. Politics E. History

performance proficiency

_____ is the degree to which an individual's personality and values match the culture of an organization. A. ASA framework B. Person-organization fit C. Socialization D. Mentoring E. Organizational commitment

person-organization fit

Information regarding formal and informal work relationships and power structures within the organization are represented in which dimension addressed in the socialization effort? A. Language B. Performance proficiency C. People D. History E. Politics

politics

All of the following are components of the service culture process except: A. reality shock. B. service-oriented leadership behavior. C. service culture. D. service-oriented employee behaviors. E. customer satisfaction.

reality shock

Having recently started his job at Spoon-Mart, Paul was heard making a comment that "working at Spoon-Mart was not nearly what I expected to be." This comment exemplifies which of the following? A. Encounter stage B. Attrition stage C. Language dimension D. Reality shock E. Anticipation stage

reality shock

The goal of the organization's socialization efforts should be to minimize _____ as much as possible. A. mentoring B. diversity C. reality shock D. espoused values E. newcomer orientation

reality shock

The daily or weekly planned routines that occur in an organization are called: A. rituals. B. stories. C. values. D. language. E. symbols.

rituals

Manufacturing and medical companies have a tendency to try to create which of the following specific culture types? A. Creativity B. Service C. Safety D. Diversity E. Communal

safety

Which of the following culture types reduces treatment errors in medical settings? A. Creativity B. Service C. Safety D. Diversity E. Communal

safety

"S" in the ASA framework stands for: A. strong. B. subculture. C. safety. D. story. E. selection.

selection

Organizations that have successfully created a _____ culture have been shown to change employee attitudes and behaviors toward customers. A. service B. mercenary C. safety D. fragmented E. creativity

service

Which of the following is a process that begins before an employee starts work and does not end until an employee leaves the organization? A. Mentoring B. Counterculture C. ASA framework D. Socialization E. Job training

socialization

_____ is the primary process by which employees learn the knowledge that enables them to understand and adapt to the organization's culture. A. Mentoring B. Countercultures C. ASA framework D. Socialization E. Subculturing

socialization

_____ is the degree to which group members think and act alike, and _____ represents how friendly employees are to one another. A. Espoused values; basic underlying assumptions B. Solidarity; sociability C. Basic underlying assumptions; observable artifacts D. Sociability; solidarity E. Observable artifacts; espoused values

solidarity; sociability

Which of the following consists of anecdotes, accounts, legends, and myths that are passed down from cohort to cohort within an organization? A. Rituals B. Stories C. Values D. Language E. Symbols

stories

Which cultures take a long time to develop and are very difficult to change? A. Subcultures B. Countercultures C. Strong cultures D. Differentiated cultures E. Weak cultures

strong cultures

A person-organization fit has a _____ effect on commitment. A. strong positive B. strong negative C. moderate positive D. moderate negative E. weak positive

strong positive

If there are certain areas of an organization that have different demands and needs for their employees, which of the following can be very useful? A. Dominant cultures B. Idiocultures C. Differentiated cultures D. Subcultures E. Countercultures

subcultures

_____ exists when the overall organizational culture is supplemented by another culture governing a more specific set of employees. A. ASA frameworks B. Mentoring C. Subcultures D. Realistic job previews E. Reality shocks

subcultures

An organization's corporate logo is an example of its: A. symbol. B. belief. C. value. D. ritual. E. language.

symbol

Nike's "swoosh" is an example of its: A. language. B. belief. C. value. D. ritual. E. symbol.

symbol

All of the following are true about basic underlying assumptions except: A. they represent the deepest and least observable part of a culture and may not be consciously apparent, even to organizational veterans. B. they are the aspects of an organizational culture that are the most long-lasting. C. they are the daily or weekly planned routines that occur in an organization. D. they are difficult-to-change aspects of an organizational culture. E. they are taken for- granted beliefs and philosophies that are so ingrained that employees simply act on them rather than questioning the validity of their behavior in a given situation.

they are the daily or weekly planned routines that occur in an organization

All of the following are associated with observable artifacts except: A. they supply the signals that employees interpret to gauge how they should act during the workday. B. they can range from published documents, such as a company's vision or mission statement, to verbal statements made to employees by executives and managers. C. they supply the primary means of transmitting an organization's culture to its workforce. D. it is difficult to overestimate their importance because they help show current and potential employees what the organization is all about. E. they are of six major types: symbols, physical structures, language, stories, rituals, and ceremonies.

they can range from published documents, such as a company's vision or mission statement, to verbal statements made to employees by executive and managers

Which of the following represents probably the biggest driver of culture? A. Middle managers B. Frontline employees C. Top executives D. First-line managers E. Stockholders

top executives

During which stage do newcomers come to learn the content areas of socialization and internalize the norms and expected behaviors of the organization? A. Encounter B. Attrition C. Anticipatory D. Understanding and adaptation E. Selection

understanding and adaption

In which stage of socialization do employees adopt the goals and values of the organization, understand what the organization has been through, and converse with others in the organization using technical language and specific terms that only insiders would understand? A. Encounter B. Attrition C. Anticipatory D. Understanding and adaptation E. Selection

understanding and adaption

Which of the following is the final stage of the socialization process? A. Encounter B. Attrition C. Anticipatory D. Understanding and adaptation E. Selection

understanding and adaption

All of the following are major types of artifacts except: A. symbols. B. physical structures. C. values. D. rituals. E. language.

values

Person-organization fit has a _____ effect on performance. A. strong positive B. strong negative C. moderate positive D. moderate negative E. weak positive

weak positive