MGT 341 Exam 1

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A decision is a gap between an actual and a desired situation.

False

All stress is associated with negative emotions or outcomes.

False

One advantage of Kotter's eight-step process of implementing change is that it is relatively easy and simple to implement.

False

One key assumption underlying many models of change is that highly desired change will happen without much resistance.

False

Openness to experience refers to a person being trusting and good-natured.

False

Organizations should use selection based on attitudes and emotions to choose which employees to hire.

False

When major league baseball officials failed to notice they had created conditions that encouraged players to use steroids, this was an example of "motivated blindness."

True

According to the Ajzen model, someone's intention to engage in a particular behavior is not necessarily a strong predictor of that behavior.

False

The components of engagement are urgency, being focused, intensity, and job satisfaction.

False

The idea that satisfaction results from the perception that a job allows for fulfillment of an individual's important values is called "met expectations."

False

The systems model of change can be used to diagnose what to change, but other models must be used to determine how to evaluate the success of a change effort.

False

The two basic dimensions of Schwartz's value theory are self-enhancement/self-transcendence and ethical/unethical.

False

There is only one best way to manage people, teams, or organizations. A particular management practice that worked today will work tomorrow. This is called the contingency approach.

False

There is only one model of the causes of job satisfaction.

False

Albert wants to track his team's progress on a spreadsheet, rather than using new project management software. He believes that this has always worked well in the past. In this case, past success may cause Albert to resist change.

True

At ABS Inc., the market research group is now operating on flextime. Initially, ABS allowed the sales group to do so. This is an example of adaptive change.

True

Avery is struggling with her current job. She doesn't feel excited to go to work, and while she's there she's very tired, unmotivated and not truly engaged. To be sure that she is working at her best performance level and to change this behavior she should consider spending a little time each day recharging through a quiet activity like yoga or meditation, get more sleep, and drink plenty of water.

True

Based on Schwartz's Value Theory, if you value achievement over universalism, you will spend your evening working hard on your term paper so that you can get a good grade, rather than volunteering at the soup kitchen.

True

Knowledge and consideration of both personal and situation factors and the interplay between the two are equally important.

True

Relatively flexible individual differences (IDs) include attitudes and emotions, and managers can help manage these type of differences.

True

Resistance to change is a dynamic interaction among recipient characteristics, change agent characteristics, and the relationship between the recipient and the change agent.

True

Strategic plans are based on analyses of an organization's strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, known as a SWOT analysis.

True

Technology advancement is used to build customer loyalty in companies such as Chipotle. This is an example of an external force.

True

The "organizing framework" for understanding and applying OB is based on the systems approach.

True

The combination of stable physical, behavioral, and mental characteristics that give individuals their unique identities is known as personality.

True

The four targeted elements of change are organizational arrangements, social factors, methods, and people.

True

There is a trend for employees to quit less than one year on the job.

True

Internal forces for change include demographic changes in the organization's workforce.

False

Managers should attempt to reduce the negative effects of stress by improving job satisfaction and by encouraging employees to take work home.

False

OB concepts and theories can be classified into three broad categories: person factors, group characteristics, and situation factors.

False

Paying someone else to do your homework, sharing answers via social media and sharing answers on a take home exam are all examples of student cheating.

True

Carl has a high self-efficacy belief. He is not likely to work hard in preparation for challenges because he is confident he can succeed.

False

Common sense focuses on the past, and because of this, it is strong in responding to the unexpected.

False

Turnover is always bad for organizations.

False

Whistle-blower protection laws exist like the Dodd-Frank Act of 2010, and sufficiently protect employees.

False

Benny has the ability to learn and use spoken and written languages. He shows linguistic intelligence.

True

Complex, relatively brief responses aimed at a particular target are known as emotions.

True

Core self-evaluations (CSEs) are related to reduced conflict and lower stress.

True

Ethical dilemmas are situations with two choices, neither of which resolves the situation in an ethically acceptable manner.

True

Dawn is a manager at a big box store. One of her employees, Edward, appears to have low self-efficacy. To help him, Dawn should set a very challenging sales goal.

False

Early in the change process, a manager should use variable schedules of reinforcement with extrinsic rewards to reinforce new behaviors.

False

Expecting perfection from employees will help raise the bar and will discourage resistance to change.

False

Feeling stressed is a negative emotion and can be handled by taking on more responsibilities and focusing on urgent tasks at hand.

False

Practical intelligence is very similar to logical-mathematical intelligence.

False

Southwest Airlines mechanics created widespread slowdowns in flights to pressure their company in negotiations with their union. This was illegal.

False

Stress can have positive effects on certain OB-related outcomes. For instance, it is negatively related to absenteeism because people feel they have to work harder to meet management expectations.

False

The ability to monitor one's own and others' feelings, to discriminate among them, and to use this information to guide one's thinking and actions is known as emotional stability.

False

Unethical behavior erodes trust, but has no effect on cooperation in organizations.

False

Vision statements represent the reason that organizations exist.

False

When hiring people, the best thing a manager can do is to find someone like himself or herself and make sure the person "fits" into his or her stereotype of a good worker.

False

In Schwartz's model, conformity and tradition are in the same wedge, but conformity is seen as less extreme than tradition.

True

Johan believes that saving the earth is our most important responsibility. He will be strongly committed to an employer who issues hybrid cars to all sales people, emphasizes recycling, and supports volunteerism to clean up the local river.

True

Many effective managers select employees based on positive, job-relevant, relatively stable individual differences.

True

OB includes topics such as managing your peers and your bosses, as well as managing your subordinates.

True

Personal attitudes affect behavior via intentions.

True

Practical intelligence involves changing oneself to suit the environment, changing the environment to suit oneself or finding a new environment within which to work.

True

Presenteeism occurs when employees show up but are sick or in no condition to work productively.

True

Problem solving is a systematic process for closing the gap between an actual and a desired outcome.

True

The interactional perspective states that behavior is a function of interdependent person and situation factors.

True

Treating employees fairly, avoiding political behavior, providing job security, empowering employees, and reducing stressors in the work environment are all ways to foster Perceived Organizational Support.

True


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