Modern dental assisting chapter 5, Modern Dental Assisting Chapter 5, Modern Dental Assisting Chapter 5 Terms, Modern Dental Assisting Ch 5 Review, Modern Dental Assisting Chapter 22, Modern Dental Assisting - Chapter 21 and 22 study guide, Modern De...
Event related packaging
instruments in packages should remain sterile indefinitely unless an event causes them to become contaminated
tort law
involving an act that brings harm to a person or damage to a property
Noncritical instrument
item that comes in contact with intact skin only
Contaminated waste
items such as gloves and patient napkins that may contain the potentially infectious body fluids of patients
due care
just, proper, and sufficient care, or the absence of negligence
statutory law
law enacted by legislation through US Congress, state legislature, or local legislative bodies
National Institution for Occupational Safety and Health -NIOSH-
leadership to prevent work-related illness and injuries
standard of care
level of knowledge, skill, and care comparable with that of other dentists who are treating similar patients under similar conditions
general supervision
level of supervision in which the dental auxiliary performs delegated functions according to the instructions of the dentist, who is not necessarily physically present
direct supervision
level of supervision in which the dentist is physically present when the dental auxiliary performs delegated functions
licensure
license to practice in a specific state
infraction
minor offense that usually results in only a fine
misdemeanor
offense that may result in imprisonment of 6 months to 1 year
informed consent
permission granted by a patient after he or she is informed about the details of a procedure
malpractice
professional neglegence
expanded functions
specific intraoral functions delegated to an auxiliary that require increased skill and training
board of dentistry
state agency that adopts rules and regulations and implements the specific state's Dental Practice Act
reciprocity
system that allows individuals in one state to obtain a license in another state without retesting
Process indicators
tapes, strips, or tabs with heat-sensitive chemicals that change color when exposed to a certain temperature
HIPAA
the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996; specifies federal regulations ensuring privacy regarding a patient's healthcare information
the potential risk for infection associated with their intended use
the patient care items classified are based on what?
Organization for Safety, Asepsis and Prevention -OSAP-
the premier infection control agency in the United States
implied consent
type of consent in which the patient's action indicates consent for treatment
toxic waste
waste that can have a toxic effect to humans
abandonment
withdrawing a patient from treatment without giving reasonable notice or providing a competent replacement
What does respondeat superior mean
"Let the master answer" The employer is responsible for any harm caused by the actions of the employee while the employee is carrying out the business of the employer
What does res ipsa loquitur mean?
"The act speaks for itself" the evidence is clear. Ex. dentist pulls wrong tooth
What is meant by res gestae?
"things done" statements made spontaneously by anyone at the time of an alleged negligent act are admissible as evidence and may be damaging to the dentist and assistant in a court of law
Implied contract
A contract that established bby actions and not words
Expressed contract
A contract that is established through verbal or written words
Expressed contract
A contract that may be verbal or written
Dental Auxillary
A dental assistant, a dental hygienist, or a dental laboratory technician
Under no conditions can
A dentist refuse to treat a patient with HIV
Respondeat superior
A legal doctrine that holds the employer liable for the acts of the employees
General supervision
A level of supervision in which the dentist has given instructionsbut need not be physically present at the time the expanded functions are being performed by the dental auxiliary
Direct supervision
A level of supervision in which the dentist is physically present when expanded functions are being performed by the dental auxiliary
Felony
A major crime, such as fraud or drug abuse. Conviction can result in imprisonment of 1 year or longer
Mandated reporter
A professional who is required by state law to report known or suspected child abuse
Endospore
A resistant, dormant structure formed inside of some bacteria that can withstand adverse conditions.
Expanded function
A specific intraoral function delegated to an auxiliary that requires increased skill and training
Res Gestae
A statement that is made at the time of an alleged negligent act and is amissable as evidence in a court of law
Reciprocity
A system that allows individuals in one state to obtain a license in another state without retesting
Malpractice
A type of professional negligence
Board of dentistry
An agency that adopts rules and regulations and implements the state dental practice act
Respondeat superior states that
An amployer is responaible for the actions of his or her employees
moist heat/steam
An autoclave instrument sterilization process uses which sterilization agent?
static air
An example of dry heat sterilization
Patient of record
An individual who has been examined and diagnosed by the dentist and has had the treatment planned
flash sterilization
Another name for unwrapped sterilization
Contract law
Binding agreements involve
Contract law
Category of law that involves an agreement for services in exchange for payment
Administrative Law
Category of law that involves regulations established by government agencies
A category of law is
Civil and contract law
FDA; regulatory
Concerned with the regulation of sterilization; recommendations or regulatory?
NIH
Conducts and supports medical research
NIOSH; recommendations
Conducts research and deals with preventions of work-related disease and injury; recommendations or regulatory?
Written consent
Consent that involves a written explanation of diagnostic findings, prescribed treatment, and reasonable expectations about treatment results
Implied Contract
Contract that is established by actions, not words
Implied contract
Contract that is established by actions, not words
Duty, derelict, direct causes, and damages are
Coponents of a successful malpractice suit
What are the 2 types of statutory law?
Criminal law and civil law
EPA; regulatory
Deals with issues of concern to the environment or public safety; recommendations or regulatory?
Criminal law
Deals with the violation against the state or government
The actions of a patient
Demonstrate implied consent
What are mandated reporters?
Dental Professionals
Dental Auxiliary
Dental assistants, dental hygienists, and dental laboratory technicians
Dental auxiliary
Dental assistants, dental hygienists, and dental laboratory technicians
Ultrasonic cleaner
Instrument that loosens and removes debris by sound waves traveling through a liquid
Written consent
Involves a written explanation of the diagnostic findings, the the prescribed treatment, and the reasonable expactations regarding the results of treatment
The state dental practice act
Is interpreted by the board of dentistry
What authority does a state board of dentistry have?
Issue a license and revoke, suspend, or deny renewal of a license
CDC; recommendations
Issues recommendations on health and safety; recommendations or regulatory?
Why should broken appointments be noted on a patient's chart?
It helps to protect the practice from legal recourse should a patient claim negligence against the dentist
Semicritical insrtument
Item that comes in contact with oral tissues but does not penetrate soft tissue or bone.
critical instrument
Item used to penetrate soft tissue or bone
Due care
Just, proper, and sufficient care or the absence of negligence
respondeat superior
Latin for "let the master answer" legal doctrine that holds an employer liable for acts of the employee
res gestae
Latin for "things done" Statements made by a person present at the time of an alleged negligent act that are admissible as evidence in a court of law
res ipsa loquitur
Latin phrase for "the thing speaks for itself"
General supervision
Level of supervision in which the dental auxiliary performs delegated functions according to the instructions of the dentist, who is not necessarily physically present
Direct Supervision
Level of supervision in which the dentist is physically present when the dental auxiliary performs delegated functions
Direct supervision
Level of supervision in which the dentist is physically present when the dental auxiliary performs delegated functions
PHAC
Main Federal Agency responsible for public health in Canada
Res ipsa loquitor
Means the act speaks for itself
ADHA
National professional organization for dental hygienists
Can a dentist refuse to treat a patient only because he or she has HIV infection?
No. The only exception would be if the patient has a special condition such as severe periodontal disease and has to be referred to a specialist
hazard communication standard -HCS-
OSHA standard "right to know"
Misdemeanor
Offense that may result in imprisonment of 6 months to 1 year
ADAA
Oldest largest group that represents professional dental assistants
A broken appointment should be recorded
On a patient record
National Institutes of Health (NIH)
One of the world's foremost research centers
National Institutes of Health -NIH-
One of the world's foremost research centers.
three
Patient care items are classified into how many groups?
Use-life
Period of time during which a germicidal solution is effective after it has been prepared for use.
Informed Consent
Permission granted by a patient after he or she is informed about the details of a procedure
Informed consent
Permission granted by a patient after he or she is informed about the details of the procedure
OSHA; regulatory
Pertains to employee safety; recommendations or regulatory?
Contaminated area
Place where contaminated items are brought for precleaning
Clean area
Place where sterilized instruments, fresh disposable supplies, and prepared trays are stored.
Reciprocity allows a licensed practitioner to
Practice in another state
A professional can prevent a malpractice suit by
Practicing prevention and communication with the patient
OSAP
Premier resource for safety and infection prevention information in dentistry
What are the best defenses against a malpractice suit?
Prevention and good communication with the patient
Malpractice
Professional negligence
ADA
Professional organization for dentists
HIPAA
Provide consumers with greater access to healthcare insurance, to protect the privacy of protected health information, and to promote greater standardization and to enhance efficiency in the healthcare industry.
What is meant by reciprocity and licensure by credential?
Reciprocity an agreement between 2 or more states that allows a dentist or dental hygienist who is licensed in one state to receive, usually without further examination or requirements, a license to practice in any of the other states in the reciprocity agreement. Licensure by credential allows an individual who is currently licensed in one state to become licensed in another state if certain requirements are met.
Chronic exposure
Repeated exposures, generally to lwer levels, over a long time
Expanded functions
Specific intraoral functions delegated to an auxiliary that require increased skill and function
State dental practice act
Specifies the legal requirements for an individual to practice dentistry in the state
Board of Dentistry
State agency that adopts rules and regulations and implements the specific state's Dental Practice Act
Board of dentistry
State agency that adopts rules and regulations and implements the specific states Dental Practice Act
Chemical vapor sterilization
Sterilization by means of hot formaldehyde vapors under pressure.
Process integrators
Strips placed in packages that change color when exposed to a combination of heat, temperature, and time.
Multi-parameter indicators
Strips placed in packages that change color when exposed to a combination of heat, temperature, and time. Also known as process integrators.
Reciprocity
System that allows individuals in one state to obtain a license in another state without retesting
Single-parameter indicators
Tapes, strips, or tabs with heat-sensitive chemicals that change color when exposed to a particular temperature. Also know as process indicators.
Res gestae is a
Term for a statement that is made at the time of an alleged negligent act and is admissible as evidence in a court of law
Abandonment
Terminating the dentist-patient relationship without reasonable notice to the patient
HIPAA
The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996; specifies federal regulations ensuring privacy regarding a patient's healthcare information
Civill law
The category of law that deals with the relations of individuals or corporations
Direct supervision means that
The dentist must be physically present
Guidelines for Infection Control in Dental Healthcare Settings
The infection-control procedure practiced in dentistry are based on what?
Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC)
The main federal agency responsible for public health in Canada.
Implied consent
The patient's actions indicating agreement to undergo treatment
Organization for Safety, Asepsis and Prevention (OSAP)
The premier infection control agency in the United States
Canadian Dental Assistants Association (CDAA)
The professional organization for dental assistants in Canada.
American Dental Assistants Association (ADAA)
The professional organization for dental assistants in the United States
American Dental Assistants Association -ADAA-
The professional organization for dental assistants in the United States.
American Dental Hygienists' Association (ADHA)
The professional organization for dental hygienist
American Dental Association -ADA-
The professional organization for dentists
American Dental Association (ADA)
The professional organization for dentists.
cavitation
The ultrasonic cleaner works by sound waves that cause what?
Purpose of HIPAA
To ensure portability of health benefits for employees who change jobs and whose eligibility for benefits may have changed because of a change in health status. To provide tax credits for employers to encourage employee medical savings accounts. To reduce fraud and abuse (principally in medicare and medicaid). To encourage administrative simplification in healthcare, while maintaining patient confidentiality
What is the primary purpose of reporting suspected cases of child abuse?
To protect the child
The purpose of being licensed is
To protect the public from incompetent practitioners
What is the purpose of licensure?
To protect the public from unqualified or incompetent practitioners
Implied Consent
Type of consent in which the patient's action indicates consent for treatment
Implied consent
Type of consent in which the patients actions indicates consent for treatment
Expressed and implied are
Types of contracts
Biologic Monitoring
Verifies sterilization by confirming that all spore-forming microorganisms have been destroyed
Biologic indicators
Vials or strips, also known as spore tests, that contain harmless bacterial spores;used to determine whether sterilization has occured
Infectious waste
Waste that is capable of transmitting an infectious disease
Hazardous waste
Waste that poses a risk to humans or to the environment.
Utility gloves, mask, eyewear, and protective clothing
What PPE is necessary when one is processing instruments?
the NIH
What agency serves as the dental research institute?
instruments do not rust, short cycle time, and availability of a dry instrument after the cycle
What are some advantages of chemical sterilization?
damages some plastic and rubber items, requires a special solution, cannot sterilize liquids, and cannot use closed containers.
What are some disadvantages of chemical sterilization?
forceps, scalpels, bone chisels, scalers, and burs
What are some examples of critical instruments?
plastic-handed brushes, high-volume evacuator tips, rubber dam forceps, x-ray film holders, and amalgam carriers
What are some examples of semicritical instruments?
steam, chemical vapor, and dry heat
What are the commonly used forms of heat sterilization?
physical, chemical, and biological
What are the forms of sterilization monitoring?
critical, semicritical, and noncritical
What are the instrument classifications used to determine the method of sterilization and disinfection?
hand scrubbing, ultrasonic cleaning, with a thermal washer and disinfector
What are the methods of precleaning?
Chemical vapor, steam, and dry heat
What are the most common forms of heat sterilization?
Transport, cleaning, packaging, sterilization, storage, delivery, and quality
What are the seven steps for instrument processing?
Physical, chemical, and biologic
What are the three forms of sterilization monitoring?
Critical, semicritical, and noncritical
What are the three instrument classifications that are used to determine the method of sterilization?
handscrubbing, ultrasonic cleaning, and thermal washer and disinfector
What are the three methods of precleaning instruments?
static air and forced air
What are the two types of dry heat sterilization?
Inadequate instrument cleaning, improper packaging, improper loading, improper timing, and improper temperture
What causes sterilization failures?
improper contact of sterilizing agent, improper temperature, and overloading of the sterilizer
What causes sterilization failures?
recommendations with which the dental office should comply
What do nonregulatory agencies issue?
rules and regulations with which the dental offices must comply.
What do regulatory agencies issue?
exposure to temperature/heat
What does a single-parameter chemical monitoring device indicate?
that the contents will remain sterile unless some event occurs to contaminate the contents
What does event related packaging mean?
The organization for safety, asepsis prevention
What is OSAP?
the instruments will not rust
What is a major advantage of chemical vapor sterilization?
regulate medical and dental devices
What is a primary role of the FDA?
tapes, strips or tabs with heat sensitive chemicals that change color when exposed to a certain temperature. They are placed outside of instruments packages before packaging
What is a process indicator and where is it placed?
strips that are placed in packages that change when exposed to a combination of heat, temperature, and time.
What is a process integrator and where is it placed?
to process contaminated instruments and other patient cares items for reuse
What is on of the most important responsibilities of the dental assistants?
the FDA
What is the agency that regulates the manufacturing and labeling of dental devices?
single-loop
What is the basic rule of the workflow pattern in an instrument processing area?
Processing of instruments should proceed in a single loop, from dirty , to clean, to sterile, to storage, without ever "doubling back".
What is the basic rule of the workflow pattern in an instrument-processing area?
Biologic monitoring
What is the best way to determine whether sterilization has occurred?
using biologic monitoring
What is the best way to determine whether sterilization has occurred?
the CDC
What is the dentist's resource for infection control and safety?
recommendations are based on scientific evidence and are the standard of care for dentistry today. Regulations the dental offices must comply with or penalties will be occur
What is the main difference between a recommendation and a regulation?
The ADA
What is the national professional organizations for dentists known as?
inability to wrap items
What is the primary disadvantage of "flash" sterilization?
requires a 10 hour contact time
What is the primary disadvantage of liquid chemical sterilization?
employees
What is the primary focus of OSHA in dentistry?
to protect the safety and health of american workers
What is the primary role of OSHA in dentistry?
public health
What is the primary role of the CDC in dentistry?
safety and effectiveness of disinfectants
What is the primary role of the EPA in dentistry?
enviornment
What is the primary role of the EPA?
regulate medical and dental devices
What is the primary role of the FDA in dentistry?
to promote general health
What is the primary role of the NIDCR?
conducts and supports medical research
What is the primary role of the NIH?
They will cause holes in the packaging
What is the reason that pins, staples, and paper clips are not used on instrument packaging?
Pubic health in Canada
What is the responsibility of the PHAC?
250 degrees
What is the typical sterilization temperature at 30 minutes?
lightweight aluminum foil
What is used to test the efficiency of the ultrasonic cleaner?
the NIOSH
What nonregulatory agency focuses on the health and safety of American workers?
They must be FDA approved
What prevents kitchen dishwashers from being used to preclean instruments?
OSHA
What regulatory agency ensures the safety and health of American workers?
stored, sterilized instrument packets.
What should not be located in the packaging area of the instrument processing area?
heat
What sterilizes in autoclave, the heat or the pressure?
275 degrees
What temperature should the dry heat sterilization not exceed for handpieces?
steam and chemical vapor
What type of heat sterilization is appropriate for high speed handpieces?
sterile gloves
What type of personal protective equipment is necessary when one is processing instruments?
steam and chemical vapor
What types of heat sterilization are appropriate for high-speed handpieces?
only when instrument processing cannot be completed
When should holding solution be used as part of the instrument processing procedure?
when instruments cannot be immediately cleaned after a procedure is performed
When would you used a holding solution?
outside the package
Where do you place a process indicator?
central location
Where should the sterilization area be?
hand scrubbing
Which method of precleaning instruments is least desirable?
they are not FDA approved
Why is it that kitchen dishwashers are not used to preclean dental instruments?
maintain sterility
Why should instruments be packaged for sterilization?
it could penetrate the packaging
Why should you never use pins, staples, or paper clips on instrument packages?
to prevent the drying of blood and debris
Why would you use a holding solution?
Abandonment
Withdrawing a patient from treatment without giving reasonable notice or providing a competent replacement
expressed contract
a contract that is established through verbal or written words
chemical inventory
a list of every patient used in the office that contains chemicals
felony
a major crime, such as fraud or drug abuse. Conviction can result in imprisonment of 1 year or longer
What is the difference between an act of omission and an act of commission?
an act of omission is not doing something that should have been done. Commission is doing something that should not have been done
biologic monitoring
another term for spore testing
child abuse
any act that endangers or impairs a child's physical or emotional health or development
civil law
category of law that deals with relations of individuals, corporations, or other organizations
contract law
category of law that involves an agreement for services in exchange for a payment (contract)
administrative law
category of law that involves regulations established by government agencies
criminal law
category of law that involves violations against the state or government
Toxic chemicals
chemicals that can have a fatal or toxic effect to humans
written consent
consent that involves a written explanation of diagnostic findings, prescribed treatment, and reasonable expectations about treatment results
implied contract
contract that is established by actions, not words
dental auxiliary
dental assistants, dental hygienists, and dental laboratory technicians
mandated reporters
designated professional who are required by law to report known or suspected child abuse
State Dental Practice Act
document of law that specifies legal requirements for practicing dentistry in a particular state
spousal abuse
domestic violence intentionally inflicted by a family member or members
Safety data sheet
form that provides printed information regarding the hazards of materials that contain chemicals
water should be flushed through it
how should High speed handpieces be processed before sterilization?
elder abuse
includes physical or sexual abuse, financial exploitation, emotional confinement, passive neglect, or willful deprivation of an elderly person
patient of record
individual who has been examined and diagnosed by the dentist and has had treatment planned
Autoclave
Instrument for sterilization by means of moist heat under pressure
What is the difference between direct supervision and general supervision?
Direct supervision generally means that the dentist has delegated a specific procedure to be performed for a patient of record by a legally qualified auxiliary and the dentist must examine the treatment before and after auxiliary treatment. General supervision is indirect supervision which generally means the dentist has authorized and delegated specific procedures that may be performed by the auxiliary for a patient of record. Exposing radiographs and recementing a temporary crown that has become dislodged are examples of functions that are often delegated under general supervision
What is meant by abandonment?
Discontinuation of care after treatment has begun, but before it has been completed
no
Do multi-parameter indicators ensure that an item is sterile?
no
Do process indicators and integrators ensure that an item is sterile?
State dental practice act
Document of law that specifies legal requirements for practicing dentistry in a particular state
What are the 4 D's necessary for a successful malpractice suit?
Duty- dentist patient relationship must exist Derelict- (Lacking a sense of duty, negligent). Negligence occurred because standard of care was not met Direct Cause- Negligent act was the direct cause of the injury Damages- Pain and suffering, loss of income, and medical bills are included in damages
What is the difference between an expressed contract and an implied contract?
Expressed contracts are established through the written word or by a verbal agreement. Commonly used when the required treatment is extensive or will take long time to complete (e.g., orthodontics, full mouth reconstruction). Implied contracts are established by actions not words. If patient comes to the dentist it can be implied the patient wants treatment
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -CDC-
Federal agency that is non-regulatory and that issues recommendations on health and safety
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
Federal agency that is nonregulatory and that issues recommendations on health and safety
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH)
Federal agency that is nonregulatory whose mission is to improve oral, dental, and craniofacial health through research, research training, and the dissemination of health information
Environmental Protection Agency -EPA-
Federal agency that is responsible for protecting and restoring the environment and public health through environmental laws.
Food and Drug Administration -FDA-
Federal regulatory agency that regulates food, drugs, medical devices, animal feed and drugs, cosmetics, and radiation-emitting products
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)
Federal regulatory agency whose mission is to ensure the safety and health of america's workers by setting and enforcing standards.
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Federal regulatory agency whose responsibility is to protect and restore the environment and public health through environmental laws.
Occupational Safety and Health Administration -OSHA-
Federal regulatory agency with the mission to ensure the safety and health of America's workers by setting and enforcing standards.
Licensure
Gives a person the legal right to practice in a specific state
A dentist has performed abandonment when
He or she discontinues treatment after it has begun
A patient is receiving due care when
He or she recieves proper, sufficient care
Acute exposure
High levels of exposure over a short period.
lubricant
How can instrument rusting be prevented?
use of lubrication
How can rusting of instruments be prevented?
sound waves
How does an ultrasonic cleaner work?
by sound waves
How does the ultrasonic cleaner work?
seven
How many steps are there for instrument processing?
everyday or when the solution becomes cloudy
How often do you change the ultrasonic cleaning solution?
in closed or covered cabinets
How should clean supplies and instruments be stored?
with sterile water
How should instruments processed in a liquid chemical sterilant be rinsed?
spore test, biologic monitoring
How would you detect when sterilization failure occurs?
They should be placed in a holding solution
If instruments cannot be processed immediately, what should be done with them?
They should be placed in a holding solution.
If instruments cannot be processed immediately, what should be done with them?
What is the difference between implied consent and written consent?
Implied consent is applied when the patient enters the office and agrees to treatment or at least does not object to it. Written consent is the preferred means of obtaining and documenting the patient's consent to and understanding of the procedure
NIDCR
Improves oral, dental, and craniofacial health
Patient of record
Individual who has been examined and diagnosed by the dentist and has had a treatment planned
Patient of Record
Individual who has been examined and diagnosed by the dentist and has had treatment planned
Regulated waste
Infectious waste that requires special handling, neutralization, and disposal
Dry heat sterilizer
Instrument for sterilization by means of heated air.
