Module 4 Review Quiz
Antibody testing has confirmed that a client is positive for hepatitis A virus (HAV). Which statement suggests the client understands the new diagnosis?
"I don't know why I didn't bother to get vaccinated against this."
A client with kidney cancer who underwent exploratory surgery has returned to the postoperative unit with a report of severe burning and indigestion in the epigastric region. Which intervention by the nurse would be priority for this client?
Call the surgeon for a prescription for a proton pump inhibitor (PPI) to prevent stress ulcer development.
The CT scan report identified that a client with a skull fracture has developed a hematoma that resulted from a torn artery. The report would be interpreted as:
Epidural hematoma
Which statement accurately describes the etiology of stress incontinence?
An increase in intra-abdominal pressure that results in involuntary urination
The nurse teaches the client with acute pancreatitis that the pain is caused by prematurely activated pancreatic enzymes that have leaked into surrounding tissues, causing which outcome?
Autodigestion
A 28-year-old man presents with reports of diarrhea, fecal urgency, and weight loss. His stool is light-colored and malodorous, and it tends to float and be difficult to flush. Sigmoidoscopy reveals discontinuous, granulomatous lesions. Which diagnosis would his care team first suspect?
Crohn disease
Which occurrence is most likely to cause increased urine production?
Decrease in antidiuretic hormone
The mucosal and submucosal layers of the colon have herniated through the muscularis layer. This statement best describes
Diverticular disease
Peritonitis is an inflammatory condition of the lining of the abdominal cavity. What is one of the most important signs of peritonitis?
The translocation of extracellular fluid into the peritoneal cavity
A woman presented to the ED after a fall. She experienced a complete spinal cord transection at C-4. Which vital sign is particularly critical to monitor in the early stages of her injury?
Her blood pressure and pulse because she is at risk for autonomic dysreflexia.
A clinician is conducting an assessment of a male client suspected of having a disorder of motor function. Which assessment finding would suggest a possible lower motor neuron (LMN) lesion? Select all that apply.
Hyporeflexia Muscle atrophy Extremity weakness
A patient presented to the ED and underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI was reviewed by the physician and tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) was ordered. What was the client's most likely diagnosis?
Ischemic stroke
The liver has many jobs. One of the most important functions of the liver is to cleanse the portal blood of old and defective blood cells, bacteria in the bloodstream, and any foreign material. Which cells in the liver are capable of removing bacteria and foreign material from the portal blood through phagocytosis?
Kupffer cells
A client goes to the health care provider following several days of nausea/vomiting and abdominal pain. After assessment, the provider thinks the client has Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Which complications of H. pylori should the client be educated about if this infection is not eradicated? Select all that apply.
Metaplastic changes from chronic inflammation. Chronic constipation leading to diverticular disease.
An older adult who experiences chronic pain takes prescribed opioid analgesics, which has resulted in frequent fecal impaction. Which renal outcome may directly result from this gastrointestinal complication?
Overflow urinary incontinence
A nurse is caring for a patient who suffered a severed spinal cord injury at C4. Her blood pressure suddenly increased to 186/101 and heart rate is 45. She is sweating profusely and appears flushed. Which intervention should the nurse perform immediately?
Palpate the bladder for overdistention.
The Kupffer cells function to remove harmful substances or cells from the portal blood and venous sinusoids through which process?
Phagocytosis
The initiating event in the development of nephrotic syndrome is a derangement in the glomerular membrane that causes increased permeability to which substance?
Plasma proteins
An older adult was hospitalized for the treatment of acute pyelonephritis. Which characteristic of the client is most likely implicated in the etiology of this current health problem?
Recently had a urinary tract infection
The nurse reviews the lab results for a client who has advanced autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). The client 's hemoglobin is low - 8.8 g/dL. The nurse suspects this lab value is related to which cause?
Reduced production of erythropoietin
The nurse is explaining to a client's family how vasogenic brain edema occurs. The most appropriate information for the nurse to provide would be:
The blood-brain barrier is disrupted, allowing fluid to escape into the extracellular fluid.
The nurse teaches the client that which of these contributed to the development of acute cholelithiasis?
Stasis of bile
An 80-year-old client with a history of heavy alcohol use is being seen by his provider for drowsiness, confusion, and headache. His family states that he fell and hit his head "several weeks ago." Which type of hematoma does the provider suspect?
Subdural
A client is admitted with an exacerbation of Crohn disease and has been experiencing a weight loss of 20 pounds in 2 weeks. Why did the provider order a high calorie diet and additional vitamins?
The client is unable to absorb nutrients from the small intestine.
Which of these statements regarding bladder function are correct? Select all that apply.
The sympathetic nervous system promotes bladder filling. Control of function involves the autonomic and somatic nervous systems. The parasympathetic nervous system promotes emptying.
