Molecular genetics

Which of the following statements about mutation is true?

Mutations are changes in the DNA sequence in a genome that can be either harmful beneficial or may have no consequences to health and well-being

For which macromolecule does DNA contain the instructions

Proteins

Cells taken from different tissues in the human body such as muscle cells and liver cells are structurally and functionally different from each other

They are expressing different genes

The phase "gene expression" is used to collectively describe the process involved in converting the information encoded within genes into functional products that give a cell its particular characteristics.

Transcription and Translation

12) use your knowledge of DNA structure to fill in the missing terms below

genes are segments of DNA that code for the production of a specific polypeptide. DNA is wound around special proteins and forms a structure called chromatin; it is found in this more relaxed form when the cell is getting ready to replicate its DNA. The most greatly condensed form of DNA are called chromosomes.

What type of mutation occurred in the DNA strand below? Original AGGCTCGAT mutated AGGTTCGAT

Base substitution

The nucleus of a cell contains genetic information in the form of DNA. Ribosomes are sites of protein production. Hoe do the nucleus and the ribosome in a cell work together.

DNA found in the nucleus is transcribed into RNA. RNA travels to the ribosomes where it is translated and proteins are produced

Based on your knowledge of the organization of genetic material complete the following statements

DNA is a molecule that is found in every living organism and contains the blueprint for proteins found within the organism. Genes are segments of DNA containing chemically coded messages that result in the characteristics of an organism; they are considered the unit of heredity that is transferred from parents to their offspring, giving the offspring their traits. DNA is organized and tightly packaged into larger threadlike units called chromosomes

True or False

DNA molecules are typically double-stranded-true DNA strands within a DNA molecule are oriented in the same direction- false there are five different nucleotide bases that may be found within DNA- false each DNA molecule forms a double helix-true DNA strands are held together by hydrogen bonds-true the sugar phosphate backbone of DNA is on the interior of the DNA molecule-false

Use the drop-down choices to summarize the flow of hereditary information from start to finish

DNA> RNA> Protein> cell function

Based on the diagram above determine which of the following statements are true and which are false

A cells x-shaped chromosomes are mad if tightly coiled DNA- True DNA is made of chromosomes and found in the nucleus of the cell- false Chromosomes are organized into unit that can easily by moved during cell division- true DNA is made of smaller subunits called nucleotides-true DNA is a single-stranded molecule- false

What is a relationship between genes, chromosomes and DNA?

A chromosome is composed of DNA molecules and each chromosome contains multiple genes

Which of the following correctly represents the relationship between the four nitrogen bases found in DNA

A+C=T+G

Based of your understanding of the central dogma of molecular biology complete the following statements

According to the central dogma of molecular biology, information from DNA is transferred to RNA by the process of transcription. The information then flowes to protein by the process of translation.

Which amino acid has been changed by the mutation? Write the three letter code of the amino acid from the first sequence that changed EXACTLY as it appears in the table above

Arg

ATTGCAGTACAG

UAACGUCAUGUC