most common portuguese words

Réussis tes devoirs et examens dès maintenant avec Quizwiz!

to/for me to/foryou to/for him/it to/for him/her to us to you plural to them

The good thing about these Indirect Object Brazilian Portuguese Pronouns is that regardless if they are before or after the verb, you don't need to cut any letters to the verb. The thing to remember, is that for indirect object pronouns, the word 'to' or 'for', even if it is omitted, is still implied. Ask yourself if you could restructure the sentence with a 'to' or 'for' in there (eg. 'He wrote a letter to me every day'), and if you can, the object pronoun is most likely indirect. para becomes pra me para/ a mim te para/ a ti lhe para / a ele lhe para / a ela nos para a gente para avoces lhes para eles lhes para elas

when to use preposition a

Using "a" to Indicate Motion or Location Almost any verb indicating motion, and even nouns, can be followed by "a" before a destination. It can also be used with some other verbs to indicate where the verb's action takes place. In this and the following tables and examples, the preposition is listed in italics in Spanish and in English where it's translated rather than implied. Spanish SentenceEnglish TranslationLlegamos a ArgentinaWe arrived in ArgentinaSe acercó a la casa.He approached the house.Cayó al piso.It fell to the floor.Ofrecemos servicios especializados para facilitar su visita a Disneyland.We offer specialized services to facilitate your visit to Disneyland.Esa es la puerta al baño.That is the door to the bathroom. ("Al" is a contraction of a + el, usually meaning "to the.")Me siento a la mesa.I am sitting at the table. Using "a" Before an Infinitive "A" is often used to connect a verb with an infinitive that follows. This use is especially common when indicating the start of an action. In these cases, "a" is not translated separately from the infinitive. Spanish SentenceEnglish TranslationEmpezó a salir.She began to leave.Entró a hablar contigo.He came in to talk to you.Él se negó a nadar.He refused to swim.He venido a estudiar.I have come to study.Comenzó a bailar.She began to dance. The most common usage following this pattern is using "ir a + infinitive" to form the "a" type of future tense known as the periphrastic future. Si no jugamos bien no vamos a ganar. > If we don't play well we aren't going to win. Voy a cantar. > I am going to sing. Tenemos que aceptar que tal vez no nos vayan a entender. > We have to accept that sometimes they aren't going to understand us. Using A To Indicate Manner or Method Numerous expressions begin with "a" followed by a noun to indicate how something is done. The phrase starting with "a" functions as an adverb and is sometimes translated as one. Spanish SentenceEnglish TranslationVamos a pie.We are going on foot.Hay que fijarlo a mano.It is necessary to fix it by hand. (Note that a mano also could have been translated as "manually," an adverb.)Estoy a dieta.I am on a diet.Escribo a lápiz.I am writing with a pencil.Andan a ciegas.They are walking blindly. Llegamos a tiempo.We are arriving on time.La internet evoluciona a cada instante.The internet is changing constantly.Lee el libro a escondidas.She is studying the book covertly. Introducing an Object With "A" Before a direct object, "a" is used before name or noun that represents a person in a usage known as the "personal a." The preposition in these cases usually is not translated. "A" can also introduce an indirect object. Spanish SentenceEnglish TranslationConozco a Pedro. I know Peter. (In this and the next two examples, the name functions as a direct object.) Encontré a Fido. I found Fido.Veré a María. I will see Mary.Le doy una camisa a Jorge. I am giving a shirt to George. (In this and the next three examples, "George" is an indirect object. Note how the translation of a varies with the verb.)Le compro una camisa a Jorge. I am buying a shirt for George.Le robo una camisa a Jorge. I am taking a shirt from George.Le pongo la camisa a JorgeI am putting the shirt on George. Using "a" in Time Expressions "A" is sometimes used in specifying times or days, as in these examples. Salimos a las cuatro. > We are leaving at four. A la una de la noche escuchamos maullar. > At 1 a.m. we heard meowing. Estamos a lunes. > Today is Monday. (Literally, we are at Monday.

a problem with no apparent resolutiona very complicated situationa person who is not trustworthy; irresponsible; someone who creates many problems

a problem with no apparent resolution a very complicated situation a person who is not trustworthy; irresponsible; someone who creates many problems Diana and Jessica work in the same company. Diana: Você parece preocupada. Jessica: Estou trabalhando num projeto que é um nó cego. Não sei o que fazer. Translation: Diana: You seem worried. Jessica: I'm working in a very complicated project that is full of problems. I don't know what to do. b. Diana: Meu sobrinho Márcio é um nó cego. Está sempre criando problemas para todo mundo.

the region

a regiao

faz pouco

a while ago

preposition + definite artcile to/at the of/from the in/on the

a: ao, a, aos, ao de: do da, dos, das em ; no, na, nos , nas

abandonar

abandon

aceitar

atingir

achieve reach hit attain

Above

acima

a gir

act take action

activo

active

atividades

activity

na verdade na realidade

actually

acrescentar

add/say/ increase

abordar

address/ approach/ tackle / deal with/

administracao

administration

admitir

admit

adversario/a

adversary

depois de Após

after

depos de

after

de novo novamente

again

novamente

again

now

agora

adj

agree in gender and number with nouns they accompany if adj ends in -e or a consonant in masc singular dont change in feminie unless its nationality ingles - inglesa espanhol espanhola irregular feminien singulars bom - boa as feminine

aggresivo

agressive

still

ainda

alcool

alchohol

alienigenas

aliens

todo

all of the time

o tempo tudo

all the time

permitido

allowed

quase

almost

sozinha

alone

sozinho

alone

already

loud

alta

possessive adj my, mine, your, yours familiar his., hers, its, your, yours our ours, your, yours, their, theirs

always preceded by def. article unless referring to relationships or o meu, os meus a minha, maninhas o teu, os teus a tua , as tuas o seu , os sues a sua, as suas o nosso, os nossos, a nossa, as nossas o vosso, os vossos, a vossa, as vossas o seu, os seus, a sua, as suas FOLLOW nouns they accompany===> dele- his, deles their dela delas, hers, theirs do/dos your masculine da/das (your feminine,

placement of direct obj pronoun

always put before verb in brazil so always

amem

amen

sweetheart

amorado

quantidade

amount

Pá

"you know...", man!", dude!", "amm" or "ehhh".

to think

ACHAR: to think, to find Use ACHAR whenever you could use "to find" just as well as "to think". PENSAR: to think PENSAR is best used when talking about literally THINKING something.

below

Abaixo

i think so/ i don't think so

Acho que sim/nao. / I think so

These phrases are the Portuguese equivalents of such common English phrases as "isn't it?" "don't you?" "doesn't he/she/they?" "aren't you?" "isn't that so?," etc.

Add one of the following phrases and a question mark at the end of the sentence: não? (no?); não é? (literally, not is?); não é verdade? (literally, "not is truth?"); não é assim? (literally, "not is so?"). add to the end of statements and ask like a question?

over ther

Alí

rolar

And since we've mentioned a barbecue and the beach, another very common slang in Brazil is "rolar." Literally, "rolar" is a synonym for "to spin," or "start spinning." As slang, it means "to happen." "The weekend (fim semana) was great! Rolou praia no sábado e no domingo!" or even: "Rola um cinema (a movie) na semana que vem?"

bacana

And when we want to say that something is nice or that we like something, one of the most usual word is "bacana" (nice).

A lotToo muchEnough

Bastante

Good morning".

Bom dia.

mala

But when we want to say someone is annoying, one of the most common slang in Brazil is "mala" (suitcase), as in the sentence: "Meu vizinho (neighbour) é um mala! He makes noise (barulho) all night long." We could also say that this neighbor "faz barulho pra caramba." "Pra caramba means "a lot" or "too much."

competição

COMPETUTIION

Certamente

CertainlyFor sure

excuse me

Com licença!

where are you coming from?

De onde você está vindo?

certainly

Decerto

this that

Demonstratives are words that point to something. In English, this and these point to something near and that and those to something far. In Portuguese, as seen in the previous discussion: este(a) = this / estes(as) = these / esse(a) and aquele(a) = that / esses(as) and aqueles(as) = those. The demonstratives isto, isso and aquilo have a similar function, but are used when the speaker doesn't know if what is being referred to is masculine or feminine. In that case, the neuter, invariable forms isto (this thing here), isso (that thing there, close to you) and aquilo (that thing over there) are used. Examples:

is the word you use when you are sorry or when you "did something wrong and you want to apologize for it. In short, this means "I'm sorry!".

Desculpe!

behind

Detrás (de)

then let's go to my house

ENTão vamos para minha casa

tud

EVERYTHING

expansão

EXPANSION

actually

Efetivamente

ok as an agreement

Está bem

It's OK

Está bem!

to call

Eu te ligo!

dimunitive adj and augmentive

Using Diminutive and Augmentative Adjectives Often, people will add a diminutive or augmentative to the end of an adjective. The diminutive means you're making something seem cutesy or just saying it's a little bit of something. For example, É rosinha means "It's a bit red." The augmentative means something is a more extreme version of the adjective. Basically, to create a diminutive, you replace the -o or the -a at the end of the adjective with -inho or -inha. To create an augmentative, you add -íssimo or -íssima at the end, instead. For example: Bonito (pretty) in the diminutive is bonitinho, which translates literally as "little pretty" but has the connotation of "super cute." Agradável (pleasant/enjoyable) in the augmentative is agradabilíssimo, which means "very enjoyable."

joia

In Brazil, when we greet someone, it is quite usual to use the word "joia." "Joia" is something usually made of gold or silver, that people wear as decoration. As a Brazilian slang word, though, "joia" means "great." So, if someone says: "Hi there! What's up?" It's quite common to answer: "Tudo joia (I'm great!) E você? (How about yourself?)"

ta um forno` Did you notice that I wrote tá in italics? Tá is a short form for está. In spoken Brazilian Portuguese, we tend to drop the first syllable of the verb Estar. We also do that in personal, informal written communications such as Facebook and text messages. You can use the expression Um forno in other verb tenses, not only in the present tense. Let me show you examples using the phrase: 1) Luciana: Oi, mãe, como vão as coisas? Odete: Tá um forno aqui! Você não tem ideia! Translation: Luciana: Hi, mom, how's everything? Odete: It's way too hot here! You have no idea! 2) Márcia: E aí, gostou de São Luís? Cíntia: Amei. Mas tava um forno lá. Translation: Márcia: So, how did you like São Luís? Cíntia: I loved it. But it was too hot over there.

It is an oven. It means that it is really hot.

Não é a minha praia. Futebol não é a minha praia. = Soccer isn't my cup of tea.

It's not my cup of tea. It isn't my thing. It's not what I like or am interested in.

Situation 1 At the restaurant: Garçom: Gostariam de algo para beber? Você: Poderia trazer duas águas com gás, com gelo e limão, por favor? Garçom: É pra já. Translation: Server: Would you like something to drink? You: Could you bring two sparkling waters, with ice and lime, please? Server: Right away. Situation 2 João is picking up Cristina for their first date. She invites him to come in for a cup of coffee before they head out. Cristina: Fique à vontade. Vou fazer um cafezinho pra gente. João: Joia, obrigado. Também gostaria de um pouco de água, por favor. Translation: Cristina: Make yourself at home. I will make some coffee for us. João: Cool, thanks. I'd also like a bit of water, please. Situation 3 A few days after the first date, João calls Cristina to invite her out again. João: Oi, Cris, eu adoraria te ver. Que tal jantar amanhã? Cris: Poxa, João, eu adoraria, mas não posso. Amanhã é o aniversário da minha irmã. Translation: João: Hi, Cris, I'd love to see you. How about dinner tomorrow? Cris: Bummer, João, I'd love to, but I can't. Tomorrow is my sister's birthday. Situation 4 At the office: Susana: Você poderia me dar uma mão com esse relatório? Adriana: Sinto muito, Susana. Eu ficaria feliz de ajudar você, mas estou sobrecarregada no momento. Translation: Susana: Could you give me a hand with this report? Adriana: I'm sorry, Susana. I'd be happy to help you, but I am feeling overwhelmed at the moment. Situation 5 At a job interview: Entrevistador: O que você faria se um cliente fosse grosseiro com você? Candidate: Eu manteria a calma para resolver o problema do cliente. Translation: Entrevistador: What would you do if a client were rude with you? Candidato: I'd remain calm in order to solve the client's problem. Just a final note. When Could is used to express a past ability - something that you could do in the past - we use the imperfect past (pretérito imperfeito do indicativo) in Portuguese. For example: Eu podia falar francês quando era criança. = I could speak French when I was a child. Also good to know: We often use podia instead of poderia to ask for favors. Você poderia me ajudar? Or: Você podia me ajudar? = Could you help me?

Making Requests and Invitations in Portuguese

Talvez

MaybePerhapsMay

Do you mind speaking more slowly, please?

Não se importa de falar mais devagar?

I don't know

Não sei!

Me and Nos are also indirect object pronouns; they replace the pronouns 'eu' and 'nós', and usually refer/indicate an indirect action, with verbs that have prepositions in their structure. These pronouns generally come before the main conjugated verb. João ligou para mim ontem à noite.João me ligou ontem à noite.João called me yesterday. Minha amiga deu um presente de aniversário para mim.Minha amiga me deu um presente de aniversário.My friend gave me a birthday gift. Você pode trazer um pouco de água para nós?Você pode nos trazer um pouco de água?Can you bring us a glass of water? Ela vai explicar o problema para nós.Ela vai nos explicar o problema.She will explain us the problem.

Pronouns me e nos

melhorar

TO IMPROVE

you're right

Você tem razão! Você está certo!

to the. at the

uma area

a area

moleque/ moleca

a kid or person of young age a person without character or integrity a street kid a naughty kid a playful person who likes to prank friends a. Eduardo is shopping with his son Tiago when he runs into his old friend Fernando. He introduces his son: Eduardo: E aí?!! Há quanto tempo! Esse é o meu moleque, Tiago. Translation: Eduardo: Hey! It's been a while! This is my kid, Tiago. b. Milena is giving advice to her friend André: Milena: Não faça negócios com o Arnaldo. Ele é um moleque e não merece confiança. Translation: Milena: Don't do business with Arnaldo. He doesn't have good character and is not trustworthy.

um pouco/ pequeno/a f

a little/small

most

a maioria

muvuca You walk into a mall the day before Mother's Day. The mall is super crowded. You can say: Que muvuva! = How crowded! You walk into a bar and it's crowded and loud. You can say: Esse bar tá uma muvuca. = This bar is crowded and loud.

a noisy or messy crowd

zero-bala João comprou um carro zero-bala. = João bought a brand new car. Esse telefone é zero-bala. Comprei hoje. = This phone is brand new. I've just bought it today. Estou me sentindo zero-bala depois do feriado. = I'm feeling brand new after the holiday. Novo em folha also means brand new. The word novo agrees in gender and number with the object that it refers to. It's also common to use the word novo in the diminutive. For example: Gostou do meu vestido? É novinho em folha! = How do you like my dress? It's brand new! Carla e João compraram dois carros novos em folha. - Carla and João bought two brand new cars. Joana tirou um cochilo e agora está se sentindo nova em folha. = Joana took a nap and now she is feeling brand new.

brand new

terminaram

break up

respirar breathe

breathe

partir o caracao

broken heart Estou com o coração partido. = I have a broken heart. Meu coração está partido. = My heart is broken. Situation 2: Renato tells Mirela: Você partiu meu coração. = You broke my heart.

orcamento

budget

bicho

bug

predio

building

poxa

bummer

empresario

businessman

ocupado

busy

bunda

butt

ja agora

by the way

FALOU

bye

tchau pessoal

bye guys

gabinete

cabinet

ligo de volta

call back

chamar

call/ call on / call attention / call on ou contestants / call it

truck

caminhão

poder posso pode podemos poderam pude pode pudemos puderam podia podia podiamos podiam

can/ able

posso podes pode podemos podem pude pudeste pôde pudemos puderam podia podias podia podiamos podiam

can/ able to

capaz

capable

capacidades

capcities

capitao

captain

importar

care / mind

castle

celebrar

celebrate

deaio

challenge

desafio

challenge

alteracao

change

alterar

change amend alter

trocar

change, exchange

canal

channel

confira

check it out

happy

cheerful

peito

chest

Dar pra trás means to chicken out; to change one's mind and quit on what they were going to do. Example: Carla: Quando vocês viajam? Maria: Não vamos mais viajar. João deu pra trás na última hora. Carla: Que pena. Sinto muito. Maria: É sempre assim. A gente combina tudo, e no fim João dá pra trás. Translation: Carla: When do you guys travel? Maria: We are not going to travel anymore. João changed his mind and quit at the last minute. Carla: What a shame. I'm sorry. Maria: It's always the same. We plan everything, and at the end João chickens out.

chicken out, change ones mind and quit on what they were going to do

dar pra trás .

chicken out. change ones mind. quit on what they were going to do.

crianca

child

chinesa

chinese

chineses

chinese

algemas

choice

escolha

choice

escholhas

choices

escolher

choose pick select

cigarro

cigarette

circulo

circle

circunstância

circumstance

circuntancia

circumtance

careful

ciudado

to take care of

ciudar

colega

classmate

limpar

clean

fechar

close shut down close down lock up turn off shut up shut

here, there, over there

close to speaker; aqui or aqui is exact spot where the speaker is regardless of listenesers location "in this place" "right here" close to listener: ai far from speaker and listener la, ali, or acola ali is a distant location acola a second spot even farther: you can set up your easel there and your brushers over there (acola) la just like ca refers to a more general area

nuvem

cloud

nuvem nublado/a

cloud cloudy

cover cover up cubro cobro

cobrir

coleccao

collection

colecção

collection

combater

combat fight tackle counter

with me/you/him/ her/ them

comigo.cotigo.com ele. com ela/ eles / elas

comentario

commentary

how do you say in portugese

como se diz em portugues

descrever

describe / outline/ depict /

descricao

description

check it out discover

descubrar

desrto

desert

desenho

designing

destruir

destroy

determinar

determine

aparelho

device

diabo

devil

fralda

diaper

ar certo means to work out, as in the examples below: Example 1: Sílvia: Tenho uma reunião na sexta com um cliente muito exigente. Paulo: Você precisa se preparar bem. Improvisar nunca dá certo. Translation: Sílvia: I have a meeting on Friday with a very demanding client. Paulo: You need to prepare well. Improvising never works out. Example 2: Paulo: E aí, como foi a reunião ontem? Deu tudo certo? Sílvia: Deu certo, sim. Fechei o negócio. Translation: Paulo: So, how was the meeting yesterday? Did everything work out? Sílvia: Yes, it worked out fine. I closed the deal. Example 3: Paulo: Amanhã começo no novo trabalho. Estou meio nervoso. Sílvia: Vai dar tudo certo. Translation: Paulo: Tomorrow I start at the new job. I'm kind of nervous. Sílvia: Everything will work out fine.

work out

pior

worse

valer

worth

Dar uma mão means to give a hand, to lend a hand. Example 1: Marta: Essa caixa é muito pesada para eu carregar. Você pode me dar uma mão? Translation: Marta: This box is too heavy for me to carry. Can you give me a hand? Example 2: Luciana: Eu estava sem ideias para escrever este exemplo. Por sorte, Carl me deu uma mãozinha. Translation: Luciana: I was out of ideas to write this example. Luckily Carl gave me a hand.

give a hand

dar uma carona Pegar uma carona

give a ride get a ride

Cabeça-dura translates to hard-headed and, like in English, refers to someone who is particularly stubborn. "Ela é uma excelente profissional, mas às vezes pode ser um pouco cabeça-dura." "She's an excellent professional, although sometimes she can be a bit hard-headed"

hard headed

tudo isso?

has it been that long

ele parece serio

he looks serious

sido

he/she/it/ been

calor

heat

Caraca is used to indicate surprise. For example: Carol: Caraca! Olha a fila pra entrar no estádio. Gigante! Translation: Carol: Holy cow! Look at the line to get into the stadium. Gigantic! Pedro: Caraca! Que golaço! Translation: Pedro: Wow! What a beautiful goal!

indicate suprise

valeu

informal than k you

feridas

injuries

ferimentos

injuries

instalar

install

instante

instant

intencoes

intention

investir

invest / spend/

investigar

investigate look into

vou vai vamos vao fui foi famos foram ia ia iamos iam

vou vais vai vamos vão fui foste foi fomos foram

Examples with the expression Ir Embora: Estou cansada. Vamos embora? (I'm tired. Let's go home?)Não quero mais te ver! Vai embora! (I don't want to see you anymore! Leave!)Tchau, pessoal! Tô indo embora! (Bye, guys! I'm leaving!)

ir embora uses

o es e imos em i iste iu imos iram is ias ia iamos iam

ir verbs

e tudo

is everything

é e.

is vs and

disso

tanto faz

it doesnt matter

tem sido

it has been

faz sentido

it make sense

funciona!

it works

e uma longa

its a long

e semre assim

its always the same

esta acontecendo

its happening

esta certo

its ok

when to use direct and indirect pronouns

place indirect object before verb in brazil they never use "o" or A' they use ele ela" in negative senteces obj. pronouns precede the verb. only learn me, te, and nos, (most people use a gente not nos) T.

negative senteces

place nao before the verb. obj pronoun comes between nao and verb if you are saying nobody, none, nothing, never. you still use nao befor verb and those negatvie wrods after verb nao esta aqui ninguem. nobody is here nao tenho nada

planejar

plan

o prato

plate

brincar

play kid joke

tocar

play ring

jogado

played

prazer

pleasure

can you speak slower please?

pode falar mais devagar por favor?

it can be. it could be. it sounds like a great idea. intonation- well, okkkkk

pode ser

peoma

poem

poesia

poetry

poltiical

politicio

muito sucesso

popular

por vs para

por - because, for the cause of look backward as the reason why. You'd reply to the questions: Why do you do that? What is the reason? On the behalf of who When expressing the agent of a passive action replying to the questions: By whom? e.g. "A fruta foi comida por ele" - "The fruit was eaten by him." FOR AS "BY" = THE AGENT OF THE PASSIVE ACTION Por + (definite article) o = PeloPor + a = Pela Por + os = PelosPor + as = Pelas para - destination/ goal/ objective/ planned action por- cause - it was bc of it that i came back// i did it for love promote/benefit. he fights fo rthe community. all for you.. through which things are done. told me by the phone on behalf. eu falo por ele ask for/wait for. she asks for waater (water nto goal/objective motion is not from her butw ater.

por: for , through , via, by para: to towards, for (as aim), in order to

por vs para

retrato

portrait

posicoes

positions

How to say My, Your, Our, Their in Portuguese: Possessive Pronouns, Own Them Now! Posted on 04.20.17 23 Comments The kitty in the picture is my precious baby doll Amahle. Because she is a girl, when I say "my cat", I say minha gata. If my kitty was a boy, I'd say meu gato. If I had two cats and one was a boy, I'd say meus gatos. Yes, in Portuguese, the possessive pronouns vary in gender (masculine and feminine) and number (singular and plural). As you can see from the examples above, it doesn't depend on who owns, but on the gender and number of what is owned. That is the case for most of the possessive pronouns, but not all. Let me show you how to use possessive pronouns correctly in Portuguese. You will find practice exercises at the end of the lesson. Meu, Seu, Teu, Nosso There are two rules to use these pronouns correctly: These pronouns agree in gender and number with the item that is owned. These pronouns are placed before the object that is owned. Let me show you these pronouns one by one. Meu = My Personal pronoun: eu Masculine, singularFeminine, singularMasculine, pluralFeminine, plural meu minhameus minhas Examples: Minha casa é bonita. = My house is beautiful. Meu casaco é vermelho. = My coat is red. Adoro meus amigos. = I love my Teu = Your Personal pronoun: tu Masculine, singularFeminine, singularMasculine, pluralFeminine, plural teu tuateus tuas Examples: Teu pai é engraçado. = Your father is funny. Tuas irmãs moram em Recife? = Do your sisters live in Recife? Seu = Your/His, Her, Their Personal pronoun: você, vocês / ele, ela, eles, elas Yes, this seems confusing, right? The context will tell you what the pronoun means. Masculine, singularFeminine, singularMasculine, pluralFeminine, pluralseusuaseussuas Examples: Sua namorada é gente boa. = Your girlfriend is cool. Quantos anos os seus irmãos têm? = How old are your brothers? Adoro Caetano Veloso. Suas músicas são lindas. = I love Caetano Veloso. His songs are very beautiful. Você conhece a escritora Clarice Lispector? Seus livros são fantásticos. = Do you know the writer Clarice Lispector? Her books are fantastic. Você já ouviu a banda Capital Inicial? Suas músicas fizeram muito sucesso nos anos 80. = Have you heard the band Capital Inicial? Their songs were very popular in the 1980's. Nosso = Our Personal pronoun: nós Masculine, singularFeminine, singularMasculine, pluralFeminine, plural nosso nossanossos nossas Examples: Nosso cachorro e nossa gata são muito doces. = Our dog and our cat are very sweet. Nossos amigos gostam de futebol. = Our friends like soccer. Dele, Dela, Deles, Delas = His, her, their As you've seen, we use the same possessive pronouns for você and for ele, ela. That means that we use the same possessive pronouns to say your and to say his, her, their. That seu can be confusing, right? We make things clear when we use Dele or Dela. The rules for Dele and Dela (and the plural versions) are different: These pronouns agree in gender and number with the person who "owns" the items These pronouns are always placed after the object that is owned Here are examples: 1. A casa de Maria é bonita. A casa dela é bonita. (dela = de + ela) = Maria's house is beautiful. Her house is beautiful. 2. A casa de Paulo é bonita. A casa dele é bonita. (dele = de + ele) = Paulo's house is beautiful. His house is beautiful. 3. A casa de Melissa e Ana é bonita. A casa delas é bonita. (delas = de + elas) Melissa's and Ana's house is beautiful. Their house is beautiful. 4. A casa de Ana e José é bonita. A casa deles é bonita. (deles = de + eles) = Ana's and José's house is beautiful. Their house is beautiful. Therefore, the examples given before could be rephrased like this: 1. Adoro Caetano Veloso. As músicas dele são lindas. = I love Caetano Veloso. His songs are very beautiful. 2. Você conhece a escritora Clarice Lispector? Os livros dela são fantásticos. = Do you know the writer Clarice Lispector? Her books are fantastic. 3. Você já ouviu a banda Capital Inicial? As músicas deles fizeram muito sucesso nos anos 80. = Have you heard the band Capital Inicial? Their songs were very popular in the 1980's. Meu pai or O meu pai? I hear this question a lot and I even see Brazilians correcting Portuguese speakers and telling them to use the article. The use of the definite article is optional before the possessive pronoun. That is what our grammar says. The use of the article is pretty much a regional habit in Brazil. In Northeastern Brazil, we don't use it. In Southeastern and Southern Brazil, they use it. So, we'd have: Meu pai é engraçado. = My dad is funny. (In Recife) O meu pai é engraçado. = My dad is funny. (In São Paulo) Both forms are perfectly correct. Now, here's something very interesting. If both forms are correct, I then have: Gosto de seu pai. = I like your dad. (In Recife) Gosto do seu pai. = I like your dad. (In São Paulo)

possesive pronouns

posse

possession

possivel

possible

batata

potato

potencial

potential

poder

power

poderoso

powerful

practico

practical

precioso

precious

prever prevejo

predict / provide for /

In Portuguese, we place the preposition right before the question word in questions that are formed using a question word together with a preposition. The examples below will make it clear: Com quem você vai para a festa? = Who are you going to the party with? Para quem é este presente? = Who is this gift to? Com quem você está? = Who are you with?

prepositions and question words

apresentar

present

preservar

preserve / maintain /

imprensa

press

impedir

prevent

preveir

prevent

prevenir

prevent

privado

private

Provavelmente

probably

pepino and abacaxi

problem

procedimento

procedure

produzir

produce

prometer

promise

promover

promote encourage

The pronouns no, na, nos, nas, are usually seen after a verb that ends with the letter -m.

pronouns after m

protejar

protect

protesto

protest

protesto

protet

orgulhoso

proud

proximo

editor

publisher

compra

purchase

puro

pure

proposito

purpose

colocar and botar. or v vestir- wear colocar - put/place/set/lay botar - lay/put

put clothes on or put somethign somewhere

almost

quase (de)

frete

shipping

navios

ships

atirar

shoot throw fire toss dump drop

tiroteio

shooting

curto

short in length

tiro

shot

grito

shout

espectaculo

show

mostrar

show

mostra a quanto

show how much

simples

simple

cantar

sing

cantora

singer

sentar

sit

tamanho

size

pele

skin

magrela

skinny

rango - food rangar - to eat

slang for food / eat

grana

slang for money

sono

sleep

durma bem

sleep well

baixo

small

inteligente

smart

cheiro

smell

sorriso

smile

entao

so in this case having said that then

tao before verb tanto after tonto tanta tantos tantas

so much

entao, o que voce tem feito?

so what have you been up to

about

sobre

resolver

solve work out resolve settle

M; alguns f, algunas

some

o peixe me deixou muito doente

the fish made me very sick to make you feel or became something

o voo

the flight

a funcao

the function

a jogo

the game

o jogo

the game

o objetivo

the goal

o grupo

the group

a cabeca

the head

a saude

the health

a altura

the height

a pressa

the hurry the rush

a gota d'água. Esse corte no salário foi a gota d'água. Vou procurar outro emprego. = This cut in pay was the last straw. I will look for another job. 3) Não chegue atrasado de novo porque vai ser a gota d'água. Você pode terminar perdendo o emprego. = Don't be late again because it's going to be the last straw. You may end up losing your job.

the last straw. last in a series of unpleasant events that finally makes you feel that you connot continue to accept a bad situation

a lei

the law

o nivel

the level

a linha

the line

a medida

the measure

o recado

the message

o ministro

the minister

o dinheiro

the money

o mes

the month

o papel

the paper

a festa

the party

o povo

the people

a lugar

the place

o plano

the plan

a populacao

the population

o posicao

the position

o preco

the price

o produto

the product

o producuao

the production

o programa

the program

o projeto

the project

a questao

the question

a razao

the reason

o relacionomento

the relationship

um pedido

the request

o recurso

the resource

o resultado

the result

a volta

the return

a sociedade

the scoiety

a epoca

the season

o sentido

the sense

o servico

the service

o lado

the side

a mesa esta dura

the table is hard

a volta

the turn

o tipo

the type

o utilizado

the used one

a maneira

the way

o modo

the way

o branco

the white

nao ha nada

there is nothing

nao havia ninguem

there was no one

portanto

therefore

groso

thick

estar com sede

thirsty

isso e uma merda

this sucks

assim

this way

deste jeito

this way

51/5000 essas crianças sempre sorriem. você deve sorrir mais.

those children always smile. you should smile more.

team

time

Em", replaces "in, on" in days, months, years and durationsEm 5 de abril = On April 5thEm cinco dias = In/Within five daysEm fevereiro = In FebruaryEm 2012 = In 2012 "A", for time measured in hours:Às (a + as) cinco horas = At five o'clock "Atrás" - ago:Dois dias atrás = Two days ago

time words

acompanhar

to accompany to monitor to follow

Eu concordo. = I agree. Eu não concordo. = I don't agree. Eu discordo. = I disagree. Você concorda? = Do you agree?

to agree

permitar

to allow to permit

aparecer

to appear to show up

arranjar

to arrange

chegar

to arrive

perguntar

to ask

perguntar

to ask questions

evitar

to avoid

estar contra

to be against

estar com frio/calor

to be cold/.hot

ter pressa

to be in a hurry

ter sorte

to be lucky

permanecer

to remain to stay on the medication for ex, stay in touch, stay calm, to remain

lembrar

to remember

descansar

to rest

voltar

to return

avacalhar

to ridicule, to demoralize, to demean to make a travesty of

guardar

to save to keep to guard

digo dizes diz dizemos dizem disse disseste disse dissemos disseram dizia dizias dizia diziamos diziam

to say/tell

dizer dito digo diz dizemos dizem disse disse dissemos disseram dizia dizia diziamos diziam

to say/tell

pesquisar

to search

vejo vê vemos vêem vi viu vimos viram p particple: visto via via via viamos viam

to see

vejo vês vê vemos vêem vi viste viu vimos viram via vias via viamos viam assistir - to watch enxergar and ver - to be able to use your eyes to ntoice and recognize things (have the power to perceive by sight) can he see yet? its too dark here. i cant see anything see something olhar - to direct your eyes towards someone or something so yhat you can see them.

to see

ver vejo ve vemos veem vi viu vimos viram via via viamos viam

to see

parecer

to seem/ look like

servir

to serve

partilhar

to share to partake

sentar (se)

to sit down

dormir durmo dorme dormimos dormem dormi dormiu

to sleep

cuspir

to spit

virar virar-se virar bicho Cristiano virou bicho quando o comissário de bordo não o deixou embarcar porque o voo estava superlotado. = Cristiano lost it when the flight attendant didn't let him board because the flight was overbooked.

to turn/ turn into something/to turn around to fend for yourself/ figure it out to lose it, to become very angry

entender

to understand

votar

to vote

espera

to wait

esperar

to wait

querer quero quer queremos querem quis quis quisemos quiseram queria queria queriamos queriam

to want

quero queres quer queremos querem quis quiseste quis quisemos quiseram queria querias queria queriamos queriam

to want

vestirse

to wear

vestir

to wear. dress,

vencer

to win to beat to overcome to defeat to conquer to succeed to prevail

ralar like trabalhar

to work , to work hard

gritar

to yell to scream to shout

all

todo

tao (+ adjective)

too (too good)

de mais

too much too many

Como está o tempo? = How is the weather? O tempo está bom. = The weather is good. Está ensolarado. = It's sunny. Está sol. = It's sunny. Está fazendo sol. = It's sunny. Está quente. = It's hot. Está calor. = It's hot. Está fazendo calor. = It's hot. O tempo está ruim. = The weather is bad. Está nublado. = It's overcast. O tempo está fechado. = It's overcast. Está chovendo. = It's raining. it rains = chove Está nevando. = It's snowing. Está ventando. = It's windy. Está frio. = It's cold. Está fazendo frio. = It's cold.

weather

foi mal

were sorry

O que você vai fazer mais tarde? o que você está fazendo _____?

what are you doing later? what are you doing _____?

o que voce acha

what do you think?

Talking about What Is Happening in Portuguese: Present Progressive Posted on 06.23.15 8 Comments Imagine that you are going to have dinner with a friend. You call your friend and say: "I'm leaving now. I will be there in 20 minutes." You are quietly reading a book at home when you hear a huge noise on the street outside. You look out of the window and wonder: "What is happening?" These two phrases use the Present Progressive tense, also called Present Continuous. We use the present progressive to talk about actions that are in progress at the moment. In Portuguese we call it Presente Contínuo. It is an Indicative verb tense. This is a very useful and easy to learn tense. You're going to like this: There is no irregular verb in the present progressive in Portuguese. Furthermore, the conjugations are the same for all the different persons of speech: eu, você, ele, a gente, nós, vocês, eles. Let's see how this works. In this lesson you will learn: The present progressive conjugation The structure of phrases using the present progressive tense How to say it in a street smart Brazilian way When to use the present progressive, with examples for each situation The difference between Brazilian and European Portuguese A useful bonus phrase 1. Present Progressive Conjugation In English the present progressive is formed adding -ing to the verb. In Portuguese you do this: Drop the final R of the infinitive form of the verb Add: ndo You do this for every single verb in Portuguese. There are no irregular verbs in the present progressive. Examples: InfinitivePresent ProgressiveFalar (to speak, to talk)FalandoAprender (to learn)AprendendoComer (to eat)ComendoFazer (to do, to make)FazendoVer (to see)VendoIr (to go)Indo In other words, you have the following terminations in the present progressive: Verbs that end in AR: ando Verbs that end in ER: endo Verbs that end in IR: indo Easy, right? 2. Present Progressive Structure The present progressive structure is very similar in English and in Portuguese. What you need to know is that you use the verb Estar as auxiliary verb in Portuguese. Thus you need to conjugate the verb Estar in the present tense. Verb Estar - Present Tense IndicativeEu estouVocê/Ele/Ela estáA gente estáNós estamosVocês/Eles/Elas estão For example, the questions in the lesson introduction are: Estou saindo agora. Chego em 20 minutos. = I'm leaving now. I will be there in 20 minutes. O que está acontecendo? = What is happening? You will see several other examples along the lesson. 3. How to Sound Brazilian In spoken Brazilian Portuguese we very rarely say the verb Estar as it is. We shorten it by dropping the first syllable (es). You will also see this short form in informal writing such as text messages and Facebook posts. So in spoken Brazilian Portuguese, the questions above would be spoken like this: Tô saindo agora. = I'm leaving now. O que tá acontecendo? = What is happening? I will show you both the regular form and the colloquial, spoken form for the examples that I give you along the lesson. [Tweet "Learn this tip on how to speak like a Brazilian"]4. When to Use the Present Progressive: Learn from Examples In the examples below, I will use the verb Estar in its regular form and give you in parentheses how we would say it in spoken Brazilian Portuguese. You do not use both together, but one or another. We use the present progressive to: Express actions that are in progress at the moment of speaking Examples: O que você está (tá) comendo? = What are you eating? Eles estão (tão) conversando sobre o novo negócio. = They are talking about the new business. Está (tá) rindo de quê? = What are you laughing at? Está (tá) chovendo. = It's raining. Eles estão conversando sobre o novo negócio. Talk about longer actions that are in progress even though you may not be doing them right now Joana está (tá) estudando para o vestibular.= Joana is studying for the vestibular exam. A gente está (tá) juntando dinheiro para ir ao Brasil. = We are saving money to go to Brazil. Estou (tô) lendo o livro "A Graça da Coisa", da Martha Medeiros. Estou (tô) adorando! = I am reading Martha Medeiro's book "A Graça da Coisa". I am loving it. Express that something happens repeatedly Bia está (tá) sempre reclamando de tudo. = Bia is always complaining about everything. Ana é muito simpática. Ela está (tá) sempre sorrindo. = Ana is very friendly. She is always smiling. Felipe está (tá) sempre perdendo o telefone. = Felipe is always losing his phone. In these sentences we use adverbs of frequency such as: sempre, constantemente, o tempo todo. We usually place these words between the verb Estar and the verb that is in the present progressive. Talk about trends Hoje as pessoas estão usando principalmente o telefone para fazer compras pela internet. = Today people are mainly using their phones to shop online. As pessoas estão cada vez mais se interessando por aprender línguas. = People are getting more and more interested in learning languages. In these sentences, it is common to use expressions such as "more and more" and "less and less". How to Say More and More and Less and Less in Portuguese 5. It's Different in Portugal In European Portuguese you form the present progressive in a different way: Verb Estar in the present tense + a + infinitive of main verb For ex: BrazilPortugalEstou estudando.Estou a estudar.Estamos conversando.Estamos a conversar. 6. Useful bonus phrase Say you are watching TV. Your roommate calls from the kitchen asking for help. You answer, as you get up: Estou (tô) indo.

what is happening

comoe e

what is it like

a que horas

what time

com certeza

im sure

tenho certeza

im sure

imaginario/a

imaginary

imaginar

imagine

immeidate

imediato

abrir

open open up

abertura

opening

abrindo

opening

opção

option

pedido

order

ordinario/a

ordinary

outro

other

senao

otherwise

ao ar livre É comum jogar capoeira ao ar livre no Brasil. = It's common to play capoeira outdoors in Brazil. 2) Adoro shows ao ar livre no verão. = I love outdoor concerts during summer. 3) Tem muitas atividades ao ar livre para se fazer em São Paulo. = There are many outdoor activities to do in São Paulo.

outdoors

exterior

outside

over there

superar

overcome / get over / get through/ surpass

dono

owner

proprietario

owner

proprietário

owner

lotado

packed with people, fully booked

palacio

palace

participar

participate

particula

particle

1. Split/cut/slice Example: Partimos a pizza em 4 pedaços. (We have sliced the pizza into 4 pieces.) 2. To divide and distribute the parts of a whole. Example: O juiz dividiu a herança em 4 partes. (The judge has divided the inheritance among the kids.) 3. To make it suffer Example: As palavras dela partiram meu coração. (Her words broke my heart.) 4. To break Example: O copo de vidro se partiu quando caiu no chão. (The glass shattered as it fell to the floor.) 5. To originate or to exit (from a certain point) Example: Eles não sabem de onde o tiro partiu. (They don't know where the bullet came from.) 6. Expression meaning 'Let's go!' Example: ─ Partiu praia? (Let's go to the beach!)─ Já é. (For sure!) O ônibus parte às 9 horas da manhã. (The bus leaves at 9 am.)Davi partiu para sua viagem às 7 horas da manhã. (Davi left for his trip at 7 am.) In the first example, even though it has the same meaning of "ir embora", it is not common to say "O ônibus foi embora às 9h da manhã". In a dialogue, we would adapt as follows: ─ Maria, o ônibus já foi? (Maria, is the bus gone already?)─ Sim, foi às 9 horas em ponto. (Yes, the bus left at 9 am sharp.)

partir meanings

In Portuguese, Partir, Sair, and Ir Embora may have the same meaning: to leave the place you are now, heading to a known or unknown destination. However, in some cases, the use of one of them is more common than another. And in other cases, these verbs could mean different things completely. It all depends on the context. Let's check a few examples to help you better understand how to use them. Examples where all three have the same meaning: Vou partir do Rio de Janeiro em dezembro. (I'm leaving Rio de Janeiro in December.)Vou sair do Rio de Janeiro em dezembro. (I'm leaving Rio de Janeiro in December.)Vou embora do Rio de Janeiro em dezembro. (I'm leaving Rio de Janeiro in December.) Meu amigo partiu da festa à meia-noite. (My friend left the party at midnight.)Meu amigo saiu da festa à meia-noite. (My friend left the party at midnight.)Meu amigo foi embora da festa à meia-noite. (My friend left the party at midnight.) Hoje, parto do trabalho às 18h. (Today, I leave work at 18h.)Hoje saio do trabalho às 18h. (Today, I leave work at 18h.)Hoje vou embora do trabalho às 18h. (Today, I leave work at 18h.) Por que você partiu sem falar nada? (Why did you leave without saying anything?)Por que você saiu sem falar nada? (Why did you leave without saying anything?)Por que você foi embora sem falar nada? (Why did you leave without saying anything?)

partir, sair, ir embora uses

socio

partner

olhadela

peek

realizar

perform carry out conduct

actuacao

performance

deempenho

performance

desempenho

performance

peronalidade

peronality

perspectiva

perpective

personality

personalidade

next to, near/close to around the corner

perto de

atender

pick up phone / answer phone

pedaco

piece

pool

piscina

revisao

review

rever revejo

review /revise/ go over

to pray

rezar

e pra ja

right away

estradas

roads

roubar

rob, steal,

rocha

rock

rosas

roses

rodada

round

grosseiro

rude

arruinar

ruin

corrida

running

correria (f) corre-corre Desculpa, Ana. Eu tô numa correria (or corre-corre) enorme! Não posso falar agora. Te ligo depois. = Sorry, Ana. I'm in a huge rush/super busy! I cannot talk now. I'll call you later. que correria (what a rush/busy life)

rushing around, rush, scramble, busyness

ritmo

rythym

1. To abandon or to give up Example: Mesmo com dificuldades para pagar as mensalidades, não saiu da escola. (Even having difficulties paying the tuition, he did not leave school.) 2. To be publicized or published Example: O assunto saiu em todos os jornais. (The news was reported by every press company.) 3. To de released Example: The new CD will be out next month. 4. To cross Example: Essa rua sai na avenida principal. (This street crosses the main avenue.) 5. To go somewhere to have fun Example: Vamos sair no fim de semana? (Let's go out next weekend?) 6. To have a romantic relationship Example: Eu saio com ele há 3 meses. (I have been dating him for 3 months.) 7. To disappear, to fade away Example: A mancha da minha blusa não saiu. (The stain on my shirt didn't come out.) 8. To appear Example: Depois da chuva, o sol saiu. (The sun came out after the rain.) 9. The cost of something - when we talk about sales Example: Os três sorvetes saíram por 18 reais. (The three ice cream cones were 18 reais.) 10. To present yourself as such an appearance Example: Breno sempre sai bem nas fotos. (Breno always looks good in pictures.) 11. To have a great demand or sales (informal) Example: Essa camisa está saindo muito. Todos estão gostando. (This shirt is selling a lot. Everyone is loving it.) 12. When something happens suddenly, unexpectedly. Example: Na semana passada, saiu uma briga no trânsito. (Last week there was a fight in traffic.) 13. To look like someone (physically or the personality) Example: A filha saiu à mãe. (The daughter came out like her mother.) 14. Get rid of something negative Example: Ela saiu dos problemas com a ajuda da família. (She got rid of the problems with help of her family.) Gabriel já saiu de casa para ir trabalhar. (Gabriel has already left home to go to work.)O jogo de futebol já terminou e eu já saí do Maracanã. (The soccer game is already over and I already left Maracanã.)

sair meanings 14

salario

salary

salgado

salty

the time is/

sao cinco e meia (five thrity) sao cinco e vinte (5 20) etc sao onze horas (da manha/da tarde/da noite)) 11 o clock (in the morning, afternoon, night) e meio-dia (midday)

satisfazer (ebrything same as fazer)

satisfy

economizar

save money

salvar. guardar is to keep somethig somewhere

save or safe

assustado

scared

amedrontado, medroso medo

scared fear

horario

schedule

colegio

school

cientista

scientist

busca

ate mais.

see you later

seleccao

selection

vender

sell

without

sem

always

sempre

mandar

send text

passar

send/pass/ go through

wise

sensato

eu sou tu és ele/ela/voce é nós somos eles/ elas / vocês são fui foste fomos foram era eras eramos eram present ir + infinitive = future

ser

serio

serious

servir

serve pour

varios

several

sexco

sex

sexuais

sexual

gata

sexy

tubarao

shark

escudos

shields

navio

ship

pare

stop

depreimido/a depressao

depressed depression

depremido/a depressao

depressed depression

daqui

from here

do acidente de moto

from the motorcycle accident

imediatamente

immediately

Commands in Action Observe the sentences below. The verbs in bold are conjugated in the Commands form: Deixe seu recado após o sinal. = Leave your message after the beep. Coma muitas frutas no Brasil. = Eat lots of fruits in Brazil. Assista a filmes brasileiros para aprender mais. = Watch Brazilian movies to learn more. Commands Conjugation: Regular Verbs It is very easy to conjugate regular verbs in the Imperative. Simply follow two quick steps. Tip: Have you learned the present subjunctive? The Imperative conjugation is the same, except for Tu. Step 1: Drop the ending and switch the vowel 1. Verbs ending in -AR: Remove the final -AR and add an E InfinitiveCommandDeixar (to leave)Deixe Ex: Deixe seu recado após o sinal. = Leave your message after the beep. 2. Verbs ending in -ER Remove the final -ER and add an A InfinitiveCommandComer (to eat)Coma Ex: Coma muitas frutas no Brasil. = Eat lots of fruits in Brazil. 3. Verbs ending in -IR Remove the final -IR and add an A InfinitiveCommandAssistir (to watch)Assista Ex: Assista a filmes brasileiros para aprender mais. = Watch Brazilian movies to learn more. Tip: Notice the crisscross between AR and ER. They exchange their vowels. Then IR verbs imitate ER verbs. These little tricks can help us memorize rules. So now you have the Commands conjugation for Você. It is what we usually need when we are using the Commands. But you certainly want to learn the conjugations for the other persons of speech, right? Then follow step 2. Step 2: Follow the pattern for the other conjugations You already know that we use patterns to conjugate verbs. Here is the conjugation pattern for the Commands: Person of speech Pattern for verbsending in AR Pattern for verbsending in ER Pattern for verbsending in IR Você e a a Nós emos amos amos Vocês em am am And here are the conjugations for the verbs that we used in the opening examples: Deixar (AR)Comer (ER)Assistir (IR)Deixe (você)Coma (você)Assista (você)Deixemos (nós)Comamos (nós)Assistamos (nós)Deixem (vocês)Comam (vocês)Assistam (vocês) Commands Conjugation: Irregular Verbs There is an easy trick that works for stem-changing verbs and almost all the irregular verbs: It all Starts in the Simple Present for Eu All you need to do is change the very last vowel according to the pattern in Step 1 for regular verbs. Exempes: InfinitiveSimple present for EuCommand (você)Ter (to have)Tenho (I have)TenhaFazer (to do, make)Faço (I do, I make)FaçaDizer (to say, to tell)Digo (I say)Diga Tenha paciência, por favor. = Have patience, please. Faça suas tarefas de casa. = Do your homework. Diga a verdade. = Tell the truth. To get the other conjugations (nós, vocês), follow the same pattern that we showed for the regular verbs. [Tweet "Check out this Portuguese lesson: Commands conjugation"] Verbs That Are Truly Irregular in the Imperative There are only six verbs that are irregular in the Commands conjugation. This means that the trick above will not work. You need to memorize these verbs. SerEstarDarSeja (você)Esteja (você)Dê (você)Sejamos (nós)Estejamos (nós)Demos (nós)Sejam (vocês)Estejam (vocês)Deem (vocês) SaberIrQuererSaiba (você)Vá (você)Queira (você)Saibamos (nós)Vamos (nós)Queiramos (nós)Saibam (vocês)Vão (vocês)Queiram (vocês) Where Is the Conjugation for Eu? The Imperative mode does not have a conjugation for Eu. We don't usually give commands or tips to ourselves. When we do, we use the conjugation for Você. How We Use the Conjugation for Nós We can use the Imperative conjugation for Nós as we use Let's + verb in English. Examples: Situation 1 At a dinner party we are all at the table ready to eat. The host may say: Comamos! = Let's eat! Situation 2 The conference room is full. The lecturer takes his place and says: Comecemos. = Let's get started. This form is more formal than the equivalent Vamos + verb. But you can hear it from your friends, too. What is Correct: Diz or Diga? I get this question a lot. It is a great question. I have just told you that the Command form for the verb Dizer is Diga. I gave you the example: Diga a verdade. = Tell the truth. But you will also hear Brazilians saying: Diz a verdade. = Tell the truth. Both are correct. They are simply different conjugations for different persons of speech. Diga is the conjugation for Você. Diz is the conjugation for Tu. Another common example is: Venha cá! (você) = Come here! Vem cá! (tu) = Come here! Brazilians will use both interchangeably without necessarily thinking about the conjugation. The Conjugation for Tu In affirmative commands, the conjugation for Tu is the same as the conjugation for Você in the present tense. I know this sounds confusing at first, but it is easy to speak correctly: Present IndicativeCommandDeixarVocê deixaDeixa (tu) / Deixe (você)ComerVocê comeCome (tu) / Coma (você)AssitirVocê assisteAssiste (tu) / Assista (você)FazerVocê fazFaz (tu) / Faça (você)DizerVocê dizDiz (tu) / Diga (você) The negative imperative is different. The conjugation for Tu is the same as the present subjunctive conjugation. However in general this rule is not observed in spoken Brazilian Portuguese. To make it easier, we recommend that you use the conjugation for Você. Learn from Examples All the examples below use the conjugation for Você. 1) Apague a luz e feche a porta ao sair. = Turn off the light and close the door when you leave. 2) Preencha esse formulário e depois clique em Enviar. = Fill out this form and then click on Send. 3) Faça o que eu digo, mas não faça o que eu faço. = Do as I say, but don't do as I do. 4) Viva, ame, ria. = Live, love, laugh. 5) Durma cedo porque amanhã o dia vai ser longo. = Sleep early because tomorrow will be a long day.

impearatives

Have you learned the present subjunctive? The Imperative conjugation is the same, except for Tu. An easy way to remember affirmative informal commands (tu) is to start with the present tense verb conjugation and then remove the final -s to form the imperative. It all Starts in the Simple Present for Eu All you need to do is change the very last vowel according to the pattern in Step 1 for regular verbs. Exempes: InfinitiveSimple present for EuCommand (você)Ter (to have)Tenho (I have)TenhaFazer (to do, make)Faço (I do, I make)FaçaDizer (to say, to tell)Digo (I say)Diga Tenha paciência, por favor. = Have patience, please. Faça suas tarefas de casa. = Do your homework. Diga a verdade. = Tell the truth. To get the other conjugations (nós, vocês), follow the same pattern that we showed for the regular verbs. There are only six verbs that are irregular in the Commands conjugation. This means that the trick above will not work. You need to memorize these verbs. SerEstarDarSeja (você)Esteja (você)Dê (você)Sejamos (nós)Estejamos (nós)Demos (nós)Sejam (vocês)Estejam (vocês)Deem (vocês) SaberIrQuererSaiba (você)Vá (você)Queira (você)Saibamos (nós)Vamos (nós)Queiramos (nós)Saibam (vocês)Vão (vocês)Queiram (vocês) We can use the Imperative conjugation for Nós as we use Let's + verb in English. Examples: Situation 1 At a dinner party we are all at the table ready to eat. The host may say: Comamos! = Let's eat! Situation 2 The conference room is full. The lecturer takes his place and says: Comecemos. = Let's get started. This form is more formal than the equivalent Vamos + verb. But you can hear it from your friends, too In affirmative commands, the conjugation for Tu is the same as the conjugation for Você in the present tense. I know this sounds confusing at first, but it is easy to speak correctly: Present IndicativeCommandDeixarVocê deixaDeixa (tu) / Deixe (você)ComerVocê comeCome (tu) / Coma (você)AssitirVocê assisteAssiste (tu) / Assista (você)FazerVocê fazFaz (tu) / Faça (você)DizerVocê dizDiz (tu) / Diga (você) The negative imperative is different. The conjugation for Tu is the same as the present subjunctive conjugation. However in general this rule is not observed in spoken Brazilian Portuguese. To make it easier, we recommend that you use the conjugation for Você. Learn from Examples All the examples below use the conjugation for Você. 1) Apague a luz e feche a porta ao sair. = Turn off the light and close the door when you leave. Preencha esse formulário e depois clique em Enviar. = Fill out this form and then click on Send. . When someone yells Sai!Leave! or a doctor says Pare de fumarStop smoking, there's one thing they're doing in common: using the imperativoimperative mood!There are 2 types of imperatives, the affirmative and the negative, shown below respectively. In these examples, the speaker is talking to multiple people, i.e. using the vocês form.Parem de fazer barulho.Stop making noise.Não parem de correr.Don't stop running. Regular Verbs in the Imperative in Portuguese The imperativoimperative can be thought of as the verb conjugation used for giving commands or telling someone to do something (or not to do something). These "commands" could take the form of orders, advice, requests, or pleas. Since the speaker is always talking directly to another person (or group of people), the imperative is only used with the following forms: tuyou informal vocêyou sing.,formal nóswe (When you're including yourself in the command, e.g. "Let's...") vocêsyou plural vós (This is a very rarely used formal pronoun, typically only for ceremonial contexts — we won't worry about this one!) Affirmative Commands To form an affirmative command in the imperative in Portuguese, you start with the verb stem (the infinitive version of the verb minus the -ar, -er, or -ir ending) and add the correct verb ending. The imperative endings for regular verbs are summarized in the chart below: tuvocênósvocês-ar verbs-a-e-emos-em-er/-ir verbs-e-a-amos-am Tip: An easy way to remember affirmative informal commands (tu) is to start with the present tense verb conjugation and then remove the final -s to form the imperative. For example, with the verb comer: Present tense: Tu comes a sopa.You eat the soup. Imperative: Come a sopa.Eat the soup. Negative Commands The negative form must include an advérbio de negaçãoadverb of denial at the beginning of the sentence, such as nãono, nuncanever, or jamaisnever ever. Then, the verb form itself is borrowed from the present subjunctive tense. The imperative only has its own exclusive verb conjugations in affirmative sentences.Nunca deixes a porta aberta.Never leave the door open.Negative commands are conjugated the same way as affirmative commands, except with the informal tu form. Let's look at the same chart again, but this time with the negative tu endings added. affirmative tunegative tuvocênósvocês-ar verbs-a-es-e-emos-em-er/-ir verbs-e-as-a-amos-am Irregular Verbs in the Imperative in Portuguese The chart below shows some of the common irregular verbs conjugated in the imperative in Portuguese, i.e. the verbs that don't completely follow the rules shown in the table above. affirmative tunegative tuvocênósvocêsserto be permanentSêNão sejasSejaSejamosSejamestarto be temporaryEstáNão estejasEstejaEstejamosEstejamirto goVaiNão vásVáVamosVãodarto giveDáNão dêsDêDemosDêemdizerto say, to tellDizNão digasDigaDigamosDigam Examples:Estejamos calados.Let's be quiet.Não vá por aí, senhor.Don't go through there, sir. Dizer, Fazer, Trazer, and -uzir Verbs For the verbs dizerto say, fazerto do, to make, trazerto bring, and verbs ending in -uzir: when giving informal (tu) affirmative commands, the imperative is formed by dropping the -es from the indicative present tense conjugation. Examples: Dizer: Present tense: Tu dizesYou say Imperative: DizSay imperative Traduzir: Present tense: Tu traduzesYou translate Imperative: TraduzTranslate imperative Imperativo Reflexo You can also form the imperative in Portuguese with pronomes reflexivosreflexive pronounsThese are the 4 clitic pronouns directly* used with the imperative: te (used in place of tu) se (used in place of você/vocês) nos (used in place of nós) vos (used in place of vós - as mentioned before, this is rarely used) *Other clitic pronouns may also appear, but only to refer to people other than those being directly addressed.In the affirmative, you simply add the clitic pronoun after the verb.Acalma-te!Calm yourself down!Deixa-me em paz!Leave me alone! a case of a clitic pronoun that does not refer to the listenerIn the negative, the clitic pronoun comes before the verb.Não se levantem.Don't standyourselves up.Let's see an example of how to conjugate the reflexive verb calarto silence, shut up in the imperative in Portuguese: tuvocênósvocêsaffirmativeCala-teCale-seCalemo-nosCalem-senegativeNão te calesNão se caleNão nos calemosNão se calem Comments:

imperative endings

impressionado

impressed

impressionante

impressive

para de ___ing

stop ___ing

My client and I were talking about how important it is to set personal and professional goals and to determine the steps we need to take to achieve our goals. My client enjoys talking about personal growth. I do too. So we read great articles and watch videos on the topic to inspire our conversations. I asked my client to make a list of things that she wanted to start doing and things that she felt that she needed to stop doing. That's when I realized that I didn't have a lesson on how to say that you will or should stop doing something. This is what you will learn with this lesson, how to say things such as: "You need to stop smoking" or "It has stopped raining." To learn how to say "to start doing something" in Portuguese and avoid common mistakes with the verb Começar, visit this other lesson. Start by leaving the -ing alone The use of the -ing form of verbs (teaching, learning) is much more common in English than it is in Portuguese, and this is the source of common mistakes by speakers of Portuguese as a foreign language. In Portuguese, you basically only use the -ing form (-ndo in Portuguese: ensinando, aprendendo) to indicate that someone is doing something now or to say that something is happening now. In other words, we use this verb form in the present continuous tense. Exs: I am teaching a lesson. You are learning Portuguese. It is raining. Other than that, you will be safer leaving the -ing alone. There are several structures in English that use the Gerund (-ing), but will use the infinitive in Portuguese. You can learn two of these useful structures in these previous lessons: How to use verbs as the subject in Portuguese. For ex: Exercising is a healthy habit. In Portuguese, we do not use the -ing in this sentence. Watch the lesson here. How to say To Start Doing Something in Portuguese. Watch the lesson here. The Verb To Stop: Parar Parar = to stop It is a regular verb. Below are the simple present and simple past conjugations. The underlined syllable is the stronger syllable of the word. Watch the video lesson to learn how to pronounce it correctly. Stressing the wrong syllable makes a big difference. It can even sound like you are saying the future tense instead of the past, which would make your sentence completely wrong. Presente do IndicativoPretérito Perfeito do IndicativoEu paroEu pareiVocê/Ele/Ela paraVocê/Ele/Ela parouA gente paraA gente parouNós paramosNós paramosVocês/Eles/Elas paramVocês/Eles/Elas pararam How to Say: To Stop Doing Something in Portuguese The structure is as follows: Verb Parar + preposition de + infinitive of main verb Examples: 1) João precisa parar de fumar. = João needs to stop smoking. Learn how to use the verb Precisar = to need 2) Quero parar de trabalhar até tarde. = I want to stop working until late. 3) Parou de chover. = It has stopped raining. Notice that when in English you use the present perfect (has stopped), in Portuguese we simply use the simple past (parou). This causes a lot of trouble to both English and Spanish speakers, so keep it in mind! 4) Não pare de sonhar. = Don't stop dreaming. Watch this lesson: Learn How to Give Tips, Advice, and Instructions in Portuguese - Commands 5) Bia, você tem que parar de reclamar da vida! = Bia, you have to stop complaining about life!

stop doing

jeito

straight

reto

straight

estranhos

strangers

estrutura

structure

estudar

study school

coisas

stuff

a accao

the action

a activiade

the activity

a actividade

the activity

o ar

the air

o animal

the animal

a arte

the art

o balcao

the balcony

o inicio

the beginning

a conta

the bill

o corpo

the body

o fundo

the bottom

o capital

the capital

a causa

the cause

o centro

the center

a costa

the coast

a condicao

the condition

a esquina

the corner

o casal

the couple

a cultura

the culture

a decisao

the decision

o desenvolvimento

the development

o doutor

the doctor

a porta

the door

a eleicao

the election

o fim

the end

o filme

the film

Procurar is a regular verb. You probably know that procurar means to look for. Here are 3 examples: 1. Estou procurando meus óculos. = I am looking for my glasses. 2. Daniel está procurando emprego. = Daniel is looking for a job. 3. Você pode me ajudar a procurar a chave do carro? = Can you help me look for the car key? However there is another meaning of the verb Procurar that we use very often. It is very useful to know it. You Should Also Know this Meaning of Procurar Most learners of Portuguese feel puzzled when they find a sentence like this: Para aprender português bem, procure praticar um pouco todo dia. In this sense, the verb Procurar means to try and do something, to make an effort to do something. The sentence above means: To learn Portuguese well, make an effort to practice a little every day. [Tweet "Nice use of the verb Procurar in Portuguese"] We use the verb Procurar very often with this meaning. Here are a 3 other examples: 1. Procure ser paciente durante negociações difíceis. = Try to be patient during difficult negotiations. Learn the right verb tense to give tips, advice and recommendations in Portuguese - Video Lesson 2. Estou procurando ser mais disciplinado nos estudos. = I am making an effort to be more disciplined with my studies. Learn the verb tense to talk about actions in progress and what you are doing at the moment. 3. Vou procurar comer melhor para ser mais saudável. = I will try to eat better in order to be healthier.

to look for make an effort / try and do something

procurar

to look for/ to make an effort

É a cara da mãe! Aninha é a cara da mãe! = Aninha looks just like her mother! João é a cara do pai. = João looks just like his father. Ser a cara de alguém = to look just like someone

to look like someone

Tirar do sério = to make someone mad, to piss someone off, to make one lose his/her patience Let's see a few examples of the expression in use with practical vocabulary for you. 1. Esse trânsito me tira do sério! = This traffic drives me crazy! 2. Meu carro quebrou de novo. Sinceramente, isso me tira do sério! = My car broke down again. Honestly, this pisses me off! 3. Estou esperando há mais de uma hora. Vocês me tiram do sério! = I've been waiting for over one hour. You guys make me so mad!

to lose it

perder

to lose/waste

adorar

to love

a suprir a falta

to make up for the lack

a suprir a falta

to make up for the lack suprir - supply, meet, address

significar it means

to mean it means.

encontrar this verb is used when we want to say that we met someone, but not for the first time. conhecer for the first time meeting achar when you found something interseting

to meet/find

sintar

to miss

mover

to move to budge

precisar + de

to need

organizar

to organize

dever

to owe

passar

to pass

desempenhar

to perform, to execute , to undertake

praticar

to play

preferir

to prefer

fingir

to pretend

provar

to prove to taste to try on

por ponho poe pomos poem pus pos pusemos puseram punha punha punhamos punham

to put

receber

to receive

confiar

to trust

tentar

to try

Até.

until

incomum

unusual

usar

use

utilizar

use

how to make an adj - er - est stronger strongest

use mais (most) o mais ( the most) menos (less o menos (least) (def artcile must agree in gender and number with noun

than in comparisons taller than he is and as as

used que or do que meu pai e mais rico que seu irmao my dad is richer than his brother if the than" is followed by quanittiy its de (this costs more than) as...as= tao...como or

util

useful

Ainda is one of those words that can be so useful in everyday conversations, but tend to be overlooked by Portuguese learners and teachers. In this lesson you will learn this very useful and practical use of Ainda through nine real-life examples. Even if you do not like grammar, you will learn this easily. Just observe the examples and their translation into English. Ainda = Even We use Ainda with an adjective or an adverb to say "even more", "even less", "even better", "even worse", etc. I will break my examples in two parts: regular and irregular comparatives. 1) Use Ainda with a regular comparative to say "even more" or "even less" Example 1 Carla: Vanessa da Mata tem uma voz linda. Paula: Marisa Monte tem a voz ainda mais bonita. Translation: Carla: Vanessa da Mata has a beautiful voice. Paula: Marisa Monte has an even more beautiful voice. Example 2 Rodrigo: Que restaurante caro! Milena: Aquele do outro lado da rua é ainda mais caro. Translation: Rodrigo: What an expensive restaurant! Milena: That one across the street is even more expensive. Example 3 Helena: Joana fala demais. Felipe: Francisco fala ainda mais. Translation: Helena: Joana talks too much. Felipe: Francisco talks even more. Example 4 In a bookstore: Helena: Já li esse livro. Não é muito bom Felipe: Esse outro aqui é ainda menos interessante. Translation: Helena: I've read this book. It's not very good. Felipe: This other one here is even less interesting. Example 5 Cristina: Carla come pouco. Priscila: Ana come ainda menos. Translation: Cristina: Carla eats little. Priscila: Ana eats even less. 2) Remember the irregular comparatives Example 1 Joana is recovering from the flu: Joana: Estou melhor hoje. Felipe: Fique mais um dia em casa e amanhã você vai se sentir ainda melhor. Translation: Joana: I am better today. Felipe: Stay at home one more day and tomorrow you will feel even better. Example 2 Diogo: O trânsito é péssimo em Recife. Cleo: É ainda pior em São Paulo. Translation: Diogo: Traffic is terrible in Recife. Cleo: It is even worse in São Paulo. Example 3 Diogo: Recife é uma cidade grande. Cleo: São Paulo é ainda maior. Translation: Diogo: Recife is a big city. Cleo: São Paulo is even bigger. Example 4 Diogo: Paraty é uma cidade pequena. Cleo: Búzios é ainda menor. Translation: Diogo: Paraty is a small city. Cleo: Búzios is even smaller. In summary Ainda mais ... = even more ... Ainda menos ... = even less ... Irregular comparatives: Ainda melhor = even better Ainda pior = even worse Ainda maior = even bigger Ainda menor = even smaller

using ainda

costuma

usually

let's have a ___

vamos tomar um

violencia

violence

visitar

visit

you are fun

voce e divertido

votacao

vote

espera

wait

acordar

wake up

wake up/ open your eyes/ take note

andar

walk hang out floor

wall

carteira chaves cinto meias

wallet keys belt

avisar

warn

assistir

watch attend witness

Já = now, immediately Here Já indicates ugency. Situation 1 Milena is at Maria's birthday party. She sees that it is already 11PM. She needs to wake up very early tomorrow, so she gets up and says: Pessoal, a festa tá ótima, mas já vou.= Folks, the party is great, but I am leaving now. Já vou. = I am leaving now. Situation 2 Milena and Pablo are flying to São Paulo today on vacation. They need to be at the airport by 5pm, but are running late. Milena says: Temos que ir já!= We need to go immediately. Situation 3 Maria walks into her son Toninho's room and is startled by the mess she finds. Toninho is watching TV in the living room. Maria calls him: Toninho, venha já aqui!= Toninho, come here right now! Wondering about "Venha"? It is the command form of the verb "Vir". Learn it with this video lesson. Já = in a minute, very soon The difference between this use of Já and the previous examples is that here it does not indicate urgency. Situation 1 Ana and Paulo are having dinner together and enjoying a good bottle of wine. Ana needs to use the restroom. She says: Volto já. (or: Já volto.)= I will be back in a minute. Situation 2 Luciana calls Carol. Carol cannot speak at the moment. She says: Não posso falar agora. Já te ligo de volta.= I cannot talk now. I will call you back in a minute. Já já = in a minute, very soon You will also here a double já. It also means "in a minute", "very soon". Situation 1 João and Maria work together. João is getting a ride home with Maria. Maria says: Está pronto para ir? Vou sair já já.= Are you ready to go? I will leave in a minute. Situation 2 Carol can't talk at the moment. She tells Luciana: Não posso falar agora. Já já te ligo de volta.= I cannot talk now. I will call you back in a minute. Já já te ligo de volta. = I will call you back in a minute. Situation 3 Maria is really upset with the son Toninho. She says: Toninho, você precisa organizar seu quarto já já!= Toninho, you need to organize your room very soon! Já = already Situation 1 It's only 11am and Maria is already thinking about lunch. She comments: Ainda são 11 horas e já estou com fome.= It's still 11 and I am already hungry. Situation 2 Maria asks if her coworker Laura wants to grab lunch with her. Laura says: Já almocei.= I've already had lunch. Note that we use the simple past even when in English we use the present perfect. Situation 3 Maria invites Laura to go to the movies. Laura says: Eu já vi esse filme.= I have already seen this movie. Questions with Já Situation 1 Laura is talking about her baby. Maria asks: O seu filho já fala?= Does you baby already speak? Situation 2 João is talking about his girlfriend. Maria asks: Você já conheceu a família da sua namorada?= Have you already met your girlfriend's family? Situation 3 Maria is wondering if her coworker Laura would like to join her for lunch. She asks: Você já almoçou?= Have you already had lunch? / Did you have lunch yet? How to ask 'Have you ever?' In Portuguese It is easy. Here is the formula: Você já + verb in the simple past tense + question object See the examples below. Situation 1 Steve's girlfriend is Brazilian. His coworker asks: Você já foi ao Brasil?= Have you ever been to Brazil? Situation 2 Steve is in Brazil for the first time. Someone asks him: Você já provou feijoada?= Have you ever tried feijoada? Já provou feijoada? = Have you ever tried feijoada? How to Answer Já Questions Affirmative answers To answer a question affirmatively, you can simply say Já. You can also use the action verb after já. Situation 1 Question: Você já conheceu a família da sua namorada? = Have you already met your girlfriend's family? Possible affirmative answers: Já. Já sim. Sim, já conheci. Situation 2 Question: Você já foi ao Brasil? = Have you ever been to Brazil? Possible affirmative answers: Já. Já sim. Sim, já fui. Negative Answers To answer "not yet", visit this other lesson. It will add powerful and easy-to-learn expressions to your Portuguese.

ways to use ja

estamos perto

we are close

fraca

weak

fraco

weak

arma

weapon

it is" or "is it" to express agreement or emphasize what others are saying. It means "it is (indeed)", or "yes I agree".

É,ne? nao e?

it is really

é realmente

frustrado/a frustracao (f)

frustrated frustration

fritadeira

fryer

cheios

full

cheio

full crowded

engraçado

funny

Today we are going to learn what the Future Subjunctive in Portuguese is and how easy it is to form and use. This Future tense of the Subjunctive mode places a possibility in the future. With it you can present a fact that will possibly or may be carried out in the future. As we will see below, it requires either certain words or expressions (also known as conjunctions or locutions), or some relative pronouns to be used with it. Sometimes people think about the Future subjunctive as being the Portuguese Personal Infinitive. In fact, the form of the Future Subjunctive and its endings are exactly the same, if you compare these two tenses (the Personal Infinitive and the Future Subjunctive), but for regular verbs only! . Sometimes it is only possible to distinguish them by carefully paying attention to the context of the sentence! That's why it can be a bit confusing at the beginning of your learning process. Here I shall present those expressions for you together with other information that you must take in to account, so read on. I must say that you must understand the Portuguese Personal Infinitive first before you try to learn the future subjunctive in Portuguese. So if you haven't done so yet, do it now by clicking here and come back another day to learn this tense. If you do already know how to use the Personal Infinitive, it's time for you to step forward and learn this tense now. There are 3 things that you must know in order for you to learn the Future Subjunctive in Portuguese, and they are: 1. How it is formed. 2. What the irregular verbs are. 3. What expressions require the Future Subjunctive in Portuguese. Ok, so let me carry on and explain this for you. 1. The future subjunctive is formed from the 3rd person plural (eles, elas, vocês, etc) of the P.P.S. (Pretérito Perfeito simples). So, say you have three regular verbs: "Falar", "Comer" and "Abrir" We know that the P.P.S. 3rd person plural for these three verbs is respectively "Eles falaram", "Eles comeram" and "eles abriram" If you take out the final ending" ...am" and keep the root or the stem, the remaining words are respectively "Falar", "Comer" and Abrir", right? So this is the root for the Future Subjunctive, which in the case of the regular verbs it is easy to recall because it equals to the Infinitive itself (the name of the verb). Then, to form the Future Subjunctive you just have to ad the endings "...es" for the person TU, "...mos" for the person NÓS, and the ending "...em" for the person ELES, ELAS, VOCÊS, OS SENHORES and AS SENHORAS. The persons EU, ELE, ELA, VOCÊ, O SENHOR, A SENHORA don't need any endings. But, in any case, let's have a look at the following table to visualise it better: Regular verbs FalarComerAbrirSe eufalarcomerabrirSe tufalarescomeresabriresSe eleSe elaSe vocêSe o senhorSe a senhorafalarcomerabrirSe nósfalarmoscomermosabrirmosSe elesSe elasSe vocêsSe os senhoresSe as senhorasfalaremcomeremabrirem Easy, right? However, when we are dealing with irregular verbs, we can see the difference much clearer. So, say you have the verb "estar". You know that the P.P.S. of this verb in the 3rd person plural is "estiveram". So, once again, all you have to do is take out the final ending" ...am" and keep the root/stem "estiver". Then, you can conjugate the verb "estar" in the future subjunctive by adding the endings like this: Se eu estiverSe tu estiveresSe ele estiverSe nós estivermosSe eles estiverem. You see, this is easy. And these endings "...es", "...mos", "...em" ring many bells on you? Don't they? Exactly! These are the same endings you use to form the Personal Infinitive! And now you can understand why it can be so confusing specially if you already control the use of the Personal Infinitive. Am I right? But... hang on! In order for you to control this tense, knowing this only is not enough! Once you understand this first step (how to "build" the Future Subjunctive) you need to learn what all those irregular verbs, that we must remember to change, are? 2. The irregular verbs are as follows: Irregular verbs Se euSe tuSe eleSe elaSe vocêSe o senhorSe a senhoraSe nósSe elesSe elasSe vocêsSe o senhoresSe as senhorasDarderderesderdermosderemDizerdisserdisseresdisserdissermosdisseremEstarestiverestiveresestiverestivermosestiveremFazerfizerfizeresfizerfizermosfizeremHaverse houverIrforforesforformosforemPoderpuderpuderespuderpudermospuderemPôrpuserpuserespuserpusermospuseremQuererquiserquiseresquiserquisermosquiseremSabersoubersouberessoubersoubermossouberemSerforforesforformosforvemTertivertiverestivertivermostiveremTrazertrouxertrouxerestrouxertrouxermostrouxeremVirviervieresvierviermosvieremVervirviresvirvirmosvirem We finally just need to get familiar with the expressions that in Portuguese require the use of this tense. 3. Expressions that require the use of the Future Subjunctive: Se - "if" - e.g. "Se eu estiver cansado não vou ao cinema" ->"If I'm tired I won't go to the cinema" (that's why the verbs above, in explanation 1 are conjugated together with this word). Quando - "when"/"as soon as" - e.g. "Quando chegares, liga para o escritório" -> "When/as soon as you arrive, call the office". Logo que - "As soon as" - e.g. "Logo que nós falarmos com ela, combinaremos a hora" -> "As soon as we talk to her, we'll set the time". Assim que - "As soon as" - e.g. "Assim que eles chegarem, nós começaremos a comer" -> "As soon as they arrive, we'll start eating". Enquanto - "Before", "whilst" "as long as" - e.g. "Enquanto ela for viva, merece todo o nosso respeito". -> "As long as she is alive, she deserves all our respect". Conforme - "In accordance with"/"according to" - e.g. "Eu vou fazer o trabalho conforme me disserem" -> "I'm going to do the work, in accordance with what they will tell me to do". And with some Relative pronouns Como - "the way", "as", "like" - e.g. "Podes trabalhar, como tu quiseres". - "You can work the way you like". Onde - "Where" - e.g. "Para onde ela for, ela avisa sempre os pais" -> "Wherever she goes, she always let her parents know". Quem - "Who" - e.g. "Quem o vir, que lhe diga". -> "Whoever sees him, they must let him know." And we are almost done. But before we finish, let's bear in mind that the Future Subjunctive is normally used when a phrase has two parts divided by a comma, when one part commands, and the other one is commanded. Check these examples out. "Se fores ao cinema, diz-me por favor." - "If you go to the cinema, please let me know." "Quando passares pelo mercado, não te esqueças de comprar fruta." - "When you pass by the market, don't forget to buy some fruit please". And that's it!

future subjunctive

easy. easier. you are going to make my life easier.

fácil. Mais fácil. você vai facilitar minha vida.

warranty

garantia

general

gerar

generate/ create/ produce /

gestao

generation

suma daqui

get out of here

dentro e fora

in and out

as escuras

in the dark

de manja a tarde a noite

in the morning, afternoon, evening

nesses

in these

renda

income

aumentar

increase/raise/enhance

amazing

incredible

incriveis

incredible

recuar

indent

indicar preterit: indiquei

indicate state specify

nossa, ha quanto tempo

long time no see

olhe para isso

look at that

parecer

look like seem seem like sound like

perder

lose miss waste

perdendo

losing

perda

loss

prejuizo

loss

amar

love

amado

loved

amei

loved

sorte

luck

por sorte felizmente

lukcily

almoço

lunch

marmitas

lunchboxes

maquina

machine

louco

mad

revistas

magazines

manter

maintain/keep

MorePlus

mais

ganhar dinheiro

make money

faz de voce

makes you

badly

mal

macho

male

gerir

manage

feira

maret

casado

married

but

mas

best

melhor

memoria

memory

LessMinus

menos

mencionar

mention/ refer

meio

middle

espelho

mirror

saudade

mising

com Saudade de with the verb Estar Situation 1: Cristina and Ronaldo have been dating for two years. Cristina has recently moved to New York to go to school there. She is on the phone with Ronaldo: Ronaldo: Você está com saudade de mim? Cristina: Claro que estou com saudade de você. Translation: Ronaldo: Do you miss me? Cristina: Of course I miss you. Situation 2: Cristina tells her parents: Estou com saudade de casa. = I miss home. Or: I feel homesick. Ontem eu estava com muita saudade dos meus amigos. = Yesterday I was missing my friends a lot. Did you notice? Notice the preposition de, instead of 'para' after the word saudade. I hear 'para' very often. It is not correct. Saudade with the verb Ficar The verb Ficar indicates a transition of feelings or moods when used together with an adjective or an adverb. Situation 1: Before Cristina leaves, Ronaldo tells a friend: Vou ficar com saudade dela. = I will miss her. Cristina ficou com muita saudade de Ronaldo quando ela foi embora. = Cristina missed Ronaldo a lot when she left. É normal ficar com saudade de casa quando vamos morar fora. = It is natural to feel homesick when we go live abroad. Saudade with the verb Sentir Situation: A classmate in New York asks Cristina: Você sente saudade de casa? = Do you feel homesick? Sinto muita saudade de casa. = I feel very homesick. Ontem fiquei um pouco triste. Senti muita saudade de Ronaldo. = Yesterday I felt a bit sad. I missed Ronaldo very much.

missing

misto

mixed

lua

moon

mexer

move/ mess with you/ stir/

VeryMuchTooToo much

muito

thank you.

muito obrigado

more. much

muito, muitos muita muits

homicidios

murder

musculos

muscles

meus amigos

my friends

f: minha, minhas m: meu, meus

my/ mine

pescoco

neck

negociar

negotiate

vizinhos

neighbors

nervoso

nervous

legais

nice

legal

nice

english to ortuguese words ty / tion/ sion/ stion/ gion/ ly/ ble/ ple/ ary/ cy/ ist/ ency/ ent university/ station/confusion/ statin/ pension/ religion/ historicly/ terrible/ triple/ visionary/ diplomacy/dentist/ emergency / fluent

. English words ending in "...ty" in Portuguese end in "...dade" and are always feminine. adversity - a adversidade honesty a honestidade English words ending in ...tion in Portuguese end in ...ção [...saoong] and these are also feminine. station, naiton, situation English words ending in ...sion in Portuguese end in ...são [...saoong] and these are once again feminine. confusion , progression English words ending in ...stion in Portuguese end in ...stão [...staoong] and these are also feminine English words ending in ...gion in Portuguese end in ...gião [...gee-aoong] and these are also feminine. English words ending in ...ly in Portuguese end in ...mente (no gender bexasue their adverbs) rapidly historicly apparantly English words ending in ...ble in Portuguese end in ...vel English words ending in ...ple in Portuguese end in ...plo example, triple, temple, English words ending in ...ary in Portuguese end in ...ário viosnary, seminary, English words ending in ...cy in Portuguese end in ...cia diplomacy, efficacy English words ending in ...ist in Portuguese end in ...ista dentist, economist, English words ending in ...ency in Portuguese end in ...ência emergency fluency tendency English words ending in ...ent in Portuguese end in ...ente conent fluent

1-100, months, days of week

. dois. três. quatro cinco. seis. Sete. oito. nove. dez. onze. doze. treze. quatorze. quinze. dezesseis. dezessete. dezoito. dezenove. vinte. trinta. quarenta. cinquenta. sessenta. setenta. oitenta. noventa. cem. duzentos. trezentos. quatrocentos. quinhentos. seiscentos. setecentos e oitocentos. novecentos. mil. dois mil. janeiro. fevereiro. marcha. abril. o mês de maio. Junho. Julho. agosto. setembro. Outubro. novembro. dezembro

when to use de

1 Possession To express possession in Spanish, be sure to use the preposition de. For example, to say It's Julio's car in Spanish, you'd say Es el coche de Julio. . 2 Origin De can also be used to express one's origin — where that person comes from. If you want to tell someone that you're from Panama, you'd say Soy de Panamá (I'm from Panama). . 3 Time Like its fellow Spanish preposition a, de can be used to express a general time: No duerme de noche (He doesn't sleep at night). . 4 Cause Use de to show the reason why something has happened. For example, to express that He is failing from not studying, you'd say Fracasa de no estudiar. . 5 Material De can also illustrate what something is made of. To describe a gold wedding band, you'd say Es un anillo de oro. (It's a gold ring [literally, a "ring of gold"].) . 6 Characteristics Use de to describe the characteristics of an object or person: Es de buena calidad. (It's of a good quality.) . 7 Contents To express the contents of an object, use de. For example, if you want to tell your coworker that you're drinking a cup of coffee, simply say Bebo una taza de café. (I'm drinking a cup of coffee.) . 8 Relationship You can also use de to indicate a relationship: Madrid es la capital de España. (Madrid is the capital of Spain.) . 9 Part of a whole If you want to express that one object is part of another, larger object, use de. So to state that She's taking a piece of bread in Spanish, you'd say Toma un trozo de pan. . 10 A subject De can also express the subject of something. For example, you'd say No encuentro mi libro de arte if you want to tell a friend I can't find my art book. Enlarge . 11 A superlative To express a superlative comparison, use de: Es el más alto de todos. (He's the tallest of them all.)

Tirar means to take away, to take out, to remove, to pull out, to pull off... Yes, it has other translations in English, but I feel this is a good start. Tirar is a regular verb ending in -AR. Find its conjugation in all verb tenses here. (LINK) Here are examples using the verb Tirar: 1) Vou tirar esse quadro do quarto e colocar na sala. = I'm going to take this painting out of the bedroom and put it in the living room. 2) A primeira coisa que eu faço quando chego em casa é tirar os sapatos. = The first thing I do when I get home is to take off my shoes. 3) Eu conheço um produto que tira todo tipo de mancha. = I know a product that removes any type of stain. 4) Você pode me ajudar? Não consigo tirar esse prego da parede. = Can you help me? I can't take this nail off the wall. 4 Common, Useful Uses of the Verb Tirar in Brazilian Portuguese Tirar férias = to take a vacation Examples: Vou tirar férias em abril. = I will take a vacation in April. Quando você tirou férias? = When did you take a vacation? Download the handout and get access to the video lesson to learn 31 Travel Portuguese phrases that will be useful whether you are traveling to Brazil for business or pleasure. Tirar dinheiro = to cash/withdraw/get money Examples: Preciso tirar dinheiro. Por sorte tem um caixa eletrônico na esquina. = I need to cash money. Luckily there is an ATM around the corner. De onde vou tirar dinheiro para pagar essa conta? = Where will I get money to pay this bill? Speak like a Brazilian with this Portuguese lesson: Learn the Brazilian slang words that we often use to refer to work, food, and money. Tirar fotos = to take pictures Examples: Adoro tirar fotos. = I love to take pictures. Você tirou muitas fotos na viagem? = Did you take many pictures on your trip? Tirar conclusões = to draw conclusions Examples: É melhor tirar conclusões com base em informações ou evidência. = It's better to draw conclusions based on information or evidence. Não tire conclusões precipitadas. = Don't jump to conclusions.

4 uses of tirar

you were going to do something

How to Say that You Were Going to Do Something in Portuguese Here is the Portuguese version of the dialogue above: Maria: O que você ia dizer? Lúcia: Vamos ao cinema hoje? Maria: Eu ia sugerir a mesma coisa! Here's the structure: Subject + Imperfect past (pretérito imperfeito do indicativo) of the verb Ir + Infinitive of the main verb In the sentence: "Eu ia sugerir a mesma coisa!", you have: Subject: Eu Imperfect past of the verb Ir: ia Infinitive of the main action verb: sugerir Easy, right? Imperfect Past of the Verb Ir The verb Ir is an irregular verb that you should really know well. I have a lesson on the present tense of the verb Ir with tips for you to avoid common mistakes. See it here. I also have a lesson on how to express the future tense using the verb Ir in the present tense. It is the most common way to use the future tense in spoken Brazilian Portuguese. Visit the lesson here. Below is the conjugation of the verb Ir in the imperfect past (pretérito imperfeito do indicativo): Eu ia Você/Ele/Ela ia Nós íamos Vocês/Eles/Elas iam Additional Examples Using the Structure 1) Ontem eu ia jantar com Mauro, mas acabei tendo que trabalhar até tarde. = Yesterday I was going to have dinner with Mauro, but I ended up having to work until late. 2) Eu não ia dizer nada, mas já que você insiste... = I wasn't going to say anything, but since you insist... 3) Clara ia pedir demissão, mas mudou de ideia. = Clara was going to quit her job, but changed her mind. 4) João ia atravessar a rua quando o sinal fechou. = João was going to cross the street when the light turned red.

ay it is 3:10. In English, you say: Three ten. In Portuguese you say: Três e dez.

How to Say the Time in Portuguese

estou com vergonha

I am embarrassed

The pronouns lhe e lhes are used to replace the pronouns você(s), ele(s) or ela(s) and they are also intended to promote an indirect action (with verbs that have prepositions in their structure) These pronouns generally come before the main conjugated verb. João, vou trazer um copo de suco para você.João, vou lhe trazer um copo de suco.João, I will bring you a glass of juice. Você precisa explicar para elas o que está acontecendoVocê precisa lhes explicar o que está acontecendo.You need to explain them what is happening. Você já mostrou os novos produtos aos clientes? Sim. Eu já mostrei para eles.Você já mostrou os novos produtos aos clientes? Sim. Eu já lhes mostrei.Did you show the new products to the clients? Yes, I showed them. Now it's your turn! Complete the sentences with the correct object pronoun and tell us if they are direct or indirect objects. (você) João, eu não _______ vi na escola ontem. (_________) (eu) Marina ______ convidou para sua festa. (_________) (ela) Magda, eu _______ vi na praia ontem à tarde. (_________) (nós) Ele vai ________ trazer um copo de café. (_________) (eles) Amanhã, vamos ________ mostrar a cidade. (_________) (ele) A polícia _______ tirou todas as informações. (_________) (eu) Ela ______ deu um livro novo. (_________) (elas) Nós não _______ encontramos na rua. (_________) (eu) José ________ encontrou cedo para a reunião. (_________) (elas) Você viu as meninas. Não. Eu não ________ vi. (_________)

O pronome lhe, lhes

what are you doing now?

O que você está fazendo agora?

thank u

Obrigado

Ah, deu a maior zebra".

The Expression Comes with Verbs Dar and Ser The expression may show up in different phrases. The most common ones use either the verb Dar or the verb Ser. The verbs can come in any tense. I show you examples below. We have flashcard apps to help you practice verb conjugation: Practice the present tense or irregular verbs Ser, Estar, Ter and Ir Practice the present and past tenses of irregular verbs Dar and Fazer Examples Using the Expression 1) Corinthians is one of the best soccer teams in Brazil. Imagine that it is going to play against an extremely weak team. Everyone feels confident that Corinthians will win without any trouble. But they unexpectedly lose the game. This is a common situation in which we use the zebra expression. It can come in different ways. I am showing the most common phrases below. The verbs are in the past tense because I am talking about the game after it has finished. Deu zebra. = It was an upset. Foi a maior zebra. = It was the biggest upset. Obrigada! I want to say a big Obrigada to the Street Smart Brazil's Facebook page members who taught me what an upset is in soccer language It was very helpful. 2) My mom had a medical appointment on Monday to get some test results. I knew that she had been waiting for the appointment, so I called her in the evening to ask how it went. Here is our conversation: Eu: Oi, mãe! E aí, como foi a consulta? Mãe: Ah, deu a maior zebra e eu não pude ir ao médico. Meu carro quebrou. Transation: Me: Hi, mom! So, how was the doctor appointment? Mom: Ah, an unexpected problem happened and I could not go to the doctor. My car broke down. 3) Your coworker Felipe stood up an important client. Felipe is hoping that he can still close the deal, but you are not very optimistic about it. You say: Eu acho que vai dar a maior zebra. = I think this is going to be a big problem.

To make, prepare or to create To arrange, pack or tidy To turn (as in age) Eu gosto de fazer roupas (I like to make clothes) To do or to perform Eu posso fazer isso! (I can do it) To cause A chuva faz inundações (The rain causes floods) To arrange, pack or tidy Eu faço minha própria mala (I pack my own case) To turn (as in age) Ele vai fazer 7 anos em janeiro (He's going to turn 7 in January) As well as to talk about time and the weather. Faz 2 horas que minha tia chegou (2 hours have passed since my aunt arrived) Vai fazer sol hoje (It is going to be sunny today) If you are wanting to use the word fazer, you would use it as follows: Infinitive ("to do") is fazer Participle ("made" or "done") is feito Gerund ("making" or "doing") is fazendo faço fazes faz fazemos fazem fiz fizeste fez fizemos fizeram fazia fazias fazia faziamos faziam

To make, prepare or to create To arrange, pack or tidy To turn (as in age)

n Portuguese we say "to give a look" (dar uma olhada). The verb The verb Dar is irregular. Actually, it is very irregular and even Brazilians have trouble conjugating it, which is a shame because we use the verb Dar in so very many expressions. But you don't need to keep making mistakes with the verb Dar. I have a simple-to-use app for Android devices that will help you practice the present and past tenses of verbs DAR and FAZER (also used in a whole lot of expressions). Get the app here. Here are three examples using the expression Dar uma olhada: 1) Diana: O relatório está pronto para a sua revisão. Tânia: Ótimo. Vou dar uma olhada e te dou retorno. Translation: Diana: The report is ready for your review. Tânia: Great. I will take a look at it and get back to you. 2) Antônio: Já decidiu que carro você vai comprar? Milena: Ainda não. Ontem dei uma olhada em preços, mas ainda não decidi nada. Translation: Antônio: Have you decided what car you're going to buy? Milena: Not yet. Yesterday I took a look at prices, but haven't decided anything yet. 2) Antônio: Já decidiu que carro você vai comprar? Milena: Ainda não. Ontem dei uma olhada em preços, mas ainda não decidi nada. Translation: Antônio: Have you decided what car you're going to buy? Milena: Not yet. Yesterday I took a look at prices, but haven't decided anything yet. 3) Cris: Dá uma olhada nesse artigo sobre nutrição. Acho que você vai gostar. = Take a look at this article about nutrition. I think you'll like it.

To take a look at something

Pé estar de Pé ainda esta de pé Você: E aí, o nosso fim de semana na praia está de pé? Malu: Com certeza. Te ligo de noite para combinar os detalhes. Translation: You: Hey, is our weekend at the beach on? Malu: For sure. I will call you tonight to plan the details. bater o pé Imagine that your cousins Amanda and Felipe had a fight and have not talked to each other in a while. You are chatting with your friend Ana about this situation: Eu já disse mil vezes pro Felipe que ele devia pedir desculpas para a Amanda. Mas ele sempre bate o pé dizendo que não deve desculpas a ninguém. Ele é muito teimoso. Translation: I've already told Felipe a thousand times that he should apologize to Amanda. But he insists that he doesn't owe apologies to anyone. He's very stubborn. Here's another example: A gente vai começar a procurar um apartamento para comprar. Eu vou bater o pé que o apartamento tem que ter varanda. Translation: We're going to start looking for an apartment to buy. I'm going to insist that the apartment needs to have a balcony. com o pé atrás Marcos never delivers the translations on time. So now I'm hesitant to work with him. Here's another example: Meu chefe ficou com o pé atrás comigo depois que ele descobriu que eu estou procurando outro emprego. Translation: My boss got suspicious of me after he found out that I'm looking for another job. largar do pé Faz meses que a Ana e o Pedro terminaram, mas ele não larga do pé dela. Translation: It's been months since Ana and Pedro broke up, but he won't leave her alone. Here's one more example: Imagine Pedro calls Ana again, and she says: Pedro, você precisa largar do meu pé, por favor. Translation: Pedro, you need to leave me alone, please. Pedro, you need to stop bothering me, please.

an event or plan is still on/confirmed to stomp suspicous of a situation or someone constantly botthering you

bravo/a

angry

irritado

angry

zangado/a , com raiva raiva

angry anger

aniverisario

anniversary

outro passeio

another ride

outra coisa

another thing

I bet that one of the first words that you learned in Portuguese was Bem, which means well. In fact, my most watched video lesson is the one that tells you what Tudo bem really means. But we also use Bem a whole lot with a different meaning, and that's what I'm going to teach you today. Bem = very, really as in "very close" or "really tall" Bem = right, as in "right here" or "right there" Here's an example: Essa música é bem romântica. = This song is very romantic. We Brazilians use Bem like this a whole lot, so it is useful to learn it. A Tiny Bit of Grammar Let's do a tiny bit of grammar review: Adjective is a word that expresses an attribute or quality of something (e.g., beautiful, tall, strong). Adverb is a word that modifies or qualifies an adjective, verb, or other adverb (e.g., slowly, fast, here, there). Bem takes on the different meanings that I am showing you here when it is placed before and adjective or an adverb. But don't worry. You will get this even you don't like grammar. Using Bem = very, really Here are examples: Adriana é uma excelente assistente executiva. Ela é bem organizada. = Adriana is an excellent executive assistant. She is very organized. Vou tomar um banho bem rápido. Estarei pronta em dez minutos. = I will take a very quick shower. I'll be ready in ten minutes. Pedro é bem alto. Ele tem quase dois metros de altura. = Pedro is very tall. He is almost two meters tall. Using Bem = right This is commonly the case when Bem is used with adverbs of place. Seus óculos estão bem aí na mesa. Não tá vendo? = Your glasses are right there on the table. Don't you see them? Tenho certeza que deixei meu carro bem aqui. Acho que roubaram meu carro! = I'm sure I left my car right here. I think my car was stolen! Carlinhos mora bem pertinhoda praia. = Carlinhos lives very close to the beach/right by the beach. In the last example, notice how I am using the diminutive to further add emphasis to what I am saying. I have a good lesson on the use of diminutives in Portuguese. It's really useful to know this. Watch the lesson here. Bom and Bem Bom and Bem are not the same. These words are not interchangeable. Visit my lesson on Bom and Bem to use the correctly.

another word for very

outro

anothert

responda me

answer me

ansioso/a ansiedade

anxiety /// anxious

ansioso/a ansiedade

anxious anxiety

mais

anymore

aproximar

approach

aprovacao

approval

aprovação

approval

aprover

approve

air

-o -a -amos -am -ei aste -ou amos - aram -ava -avas -ava avamos -avam

ar verbs

arbitrario/a

arbitrary

voce esta de brincadeira

are you kidding me?

voce esta de brincadeira

are you kidding?

voce esta pronto

are you ready?

voce tem certeza

are you sure?

argumento

argument

chegada

arrival

trevas

darkness

Assim que possível Assim que possível literally means: As soon as possible. It also comes in the following variation: Assim que for possível Literally: As soon as it is possible. In this variation, we have the verb "ser" in the future subjunctive: "for". Examples: Por favor, envie o relatório assim que possível. = Please send the report as soon as possible. Não posso falar agora. Ligo de volta assim que possível. = I can't talk right now. I will call back as soon as possible. You can also use this expression for past actions. However, if you do so with the second version (the one with the verb Ser), remember to put the verb in the simple past like this: Por que você está com raiva? Eu liguei assim que foi possível. = Why are you angry? I called as soon as it was possible. 2. O quanto antes O quanto antes also means "as soon as possible". Examples: Daniel quer visitar o Brasil o quanto antes. = Daniel wants to visit Brazil as soon as possible. Precisamos enviar a proposta o quanto antes. = We need to send the proposal as soon as possible. (Leaving a voice message) Clara, preciso falar com você. Me ligue o quanto antes, por favor. = Clara, I need to speak with you. Call me as soon as possible, please.

asap

o quanto antes

asap

pedir

ask for, order,

pedir emprestado

ask to borrow money

ass

amen

assim seja

to watch

assistir

associado

associate

At the last minute = No último minuto Easy, right? This is the literal translation of the English expression. Here are 3 examples so you see how to use it: João quase perdeu o voo. Ele chegou ao portão de embarque no último minuto. = João almost missed his flight. He got to the boarding gate at the last minute. Maria sempre muda de ideia no último minuto. = Maria always changes her mind at the last minute. Não podemos cancelar a reunião no último minuto. = We cannot cancel the meeting at the last minute. At the last minute = Na última hora This literally translates to: at the last hour. It means the same as "at the last minute". You can use one or the other in Portuguese. Esse restaurante não aceita reservas na última hora. = This restaurant does not accept reservations at the last minute. Não deixe para comprar os presentes de Natal na última hora! = Don't wait to buy your Christmas gifts at the last minute. José desistiu da viagem na última hora. = José gave up on the trip at the last minute. A last-minute decision = Uma decisão de última hora To say that it was a last-minute decision (or anything else), you can say: uma decisão de última hora. Você toma muitas decisões de última hora? = Do you make many last-minute decisions? Improvisei uma festa de última hora para celebrar o meu aniversário. = I improvised a last-minute party to celebrate my birthday. Não planejei essa viagem. Agarrei uma oportunidade de última hora. = I did not plan this trip. I grabbed a last-minute opportunity.

at the last minute

Maria está na praia. = Maria is at the beach. O gato está na cama. = The cat in on the bed. O leite está na geladeira. = The milk is in the fridge. Ela está sempre com a cabeça nas nuvens. = She is always with her head in the clouds. Tinha muita gente no show. = There were a lot of people at the concert. Meu casaco está no guarda-roupa. = My coat is in the wardrobe. Eu moro no terceiro andar. = I live on the third floor. Não sei o que fazer nos últimos dias das minhas férias. = I don't know what to do on the last days of my vacation.

at the/ in hte/ on the

neste momento

at this moment

behind you near you without you with you among them

atras de nos perto de vos contra __pronoun

atacar

attack

tentativa

attempt

atraente

attractice

tia

aunt

avenida

avenue

consciente

aware

quintal

backyard

ruim

bad

fianca

bail

bathroom

banheiro

baseado

based

fica a vontade

be at your will/ make ourself at home

seja ___

be happy/sad/patient/etc

fique quieto

be quiet

namorar

dating

pacifico

dating

d e cidir

de cide figure it out sort it out

from. of about. do, da, dos , das

de. from. of about. do, da, dos , das

lidar

deal handle

procura

deamnd

4 Slang Words You'll Need to Know Even in the Workplace Posted on 11.04.15 Slang words are not usually recommended in the workplace, particularly if you are learning the language and run the risk of using them in an embarrassing or improper way. Some expressions, however, outgrow their status as mere slang and become an essential part of a culture's vocabulary - sometimes even in professional situations. Some slang terms are important to be learned because they contextualize a whole situation. Let's take a look at some of these expressions that can come up often in the workplace. Abrir o jogo Abrir o jogo translates literally to "open up the game," but is often employed as an expression that refers to telling the truth or detailing an entire situation. It can be used when talking about internal business situations or when dealing with clients: "Vamos abrir o jogo sobre as negociações com o concorrente." "Let's be transparent about the negotiations with the competitors." Pagar mico Embarrassing situations happen, and that's when the expression pagar mico comes in handy. Literally translated to "pay the monkey," this can be a pretty baffling expression to understand. Its origins come from a children's card game where each card had an animal on it. Both male and female animals were represented in the game, except for the monkey, who was left without a pair. Part of the strategy was to get rid of the monkey card, or pay it out. Whoever was left with the unpaired monkey card at the end lost the game. What was known as a bad situation - losing the game - evolved into an embarrassing situation. Nowadays the expression pagar mico refers to embarrassing situations. "Está tudo preparado para o evento de amanhã? Não podemos pagar mico em frente dos clientes!" "Is everything ready for tomorrow's event? We can't be embarrassed in front of the clients!" Baixar a bola Like many things in Brazil, baixar a bola is an expression that came from the country's love for soccer. It translates to "bring the ball down" and means to calm down, and it makes perfect sense: in soccer, when the game is not going well and players are desperate, they tend to play with the ball constantly in the air, kicking upwards. To bring the ball down to the floor signals calmness and cool-headedness. "Não precisa se afobar! Vamos baixar a bola e resolver essa situação." "There's no need to get desperate. Let's calm down and remedy the situation." Baixar a bola also means to lower expectations. "Você está otimista demais com o projeto. É melhor baixar a bola." "You are too optimistic about the project. You should lower your expectations."

be transparent slang embarass slang lowe expectations

bata

beat

ja que

because, since oter options

Joana comprou um carro usado, já que ela quer economizar dinheiro para ir ao Brasil. = Joana bought a used car because she want to save money to go to Brazil. 2) Já que você vai ficar no escritório até tarde hoje, vou pegar um cineminha com a Camila. = Since you're going to be at the office until late today, I'm going to catch a movie with Camila. 2. Pois Pois can be used as a synonym of porque. Pois should never begin the sentence when used as porque. You should place a comma in front of pois when it means porque. Examples: 1) Eu não vou para a festa, pois estou muito cansada. = I'm not going to the party because I'm very tired. 2) Não posso tirar férias, pois estou muito ocupada no trabalho. = I can't go on vacation because I'm very busy at work. 3. Uma vez que Uma vez que also means because, since, as. It shows cause and effect between the two sentences or parts of the sentence. Place a comma to separate the two sentences or parts of the sentence. Examples: 1) Nós nunca comemos em churrascaria, uma vez que o Mauro não come carne. = We never eat at steakhouses as Mauro doen't eat meat. 2) Fui embora cedo, uma vez que a festa não estava animada. = I left early since the party wasn't fun. I hope you have fun speaking with a more varied vocabulary. It will make it easier to understand Brazilians and you will sound more natural.

because, since, as words

mau

becomes ma in feminine

cerva or breja

beer

antes de

before

Do you make these mistakes using Before and After in Portuguese? Posted on 07.14.15 4 Comments I have been using taxis a lot here in Recife. Yesterday I realized how often I am using the prepositions "before" and "after" to give directions and to make plans with friends. Please turn right after the light. It is one street before the park. I will call you after I finish this or that. In this lesson you will learn how to use "before" and "after" in Portuguese. The trick is to use the preposition and verb tense. I often hear Portuguese learners making the mistake of using the verb in the -ing form after these prepositions. This is always wrong. Another common mistake is not using a preposition after Antes and Depois. Or using the wrong preposition. I will show you 4 templates to use Before and After correctly and speak better Portuguese. I will use practical examples to show you how it all works. You will also learn useful vocabulary and expressions along the lesson. All the examples are followed by their English translation to facilitate your learning. How to Use Before in Portuguese Before in Portuguese is Antes. It can be followed by the preposition de or one of its contractions. It can also be followed by que. Each case requires a different verb tense as I show you below. 1. Antes de + Verb in the infinitive 1) Imprima o relatório antes de telefonar para Paulo. = Print the report before you call Paul. 2) Preciso terminar este projeto antes de entrar de férias. = I need to finish this project before I go on vacation. 3) Cristina sempre toma café da manhã antes de sair para o trabalho. = Cristina always has breakfast before she leaves for work. 2. Antes de + Noun Use one of the contractions of de. It needs to agree in gender and number with the noun. 1) Paulo visitou o cliente antes da reunião. = Paulo visited the client before the meeting. 2) Paulo sempre visita os clientes antes das reuniões. = Paulo always visits his clients before the meetings. 3) Joana precisa chegar antes das 10 (horas). = Joana needs to arrive before 10 (o'clock). 4) Manuela visitou Marta antes do casamento. = Manuela visited Marta before the wedding. 5) João gosta de meditar antes dos jogos. = João likes to meditate before the games. 6) É uma rua antes do parque. = It's one street before the park. 3. Antes que + Present Subjunctive Certain conjunctions require the use of the present subjunctive. Antes que is one of these conjunctions. The present subjunctive can be used to indicate a present or future situation or action. 1) Ligue para Paulo antes que ele saia para o almoço. = Call Paulo before he leaves for lunch. 2) Preciso enviar este e-mail antes que o cliente fale com Sara. = I need to send this e-mail before the client talks to Sara. 3) Vamos alertar Joana sobre o risco antes que seja tarde demais. = Let's alert Joana to the risk before it is too late. Practice the present subjunctive with our flashcards for Android 4. Antes que + Past Subjunctive Compare these examples with the ones in section 3 above: In section 3 above, the sentences indicate a present or future situation or action. The sentences below indicate a past situation. Therefore you use the past subjunctive after Antes que. 1) Eu liguei para Paulo antes que ele saísse para o almoço. = I called Paulo before he left for lunch. 2) Enviei o e-mail antes que o cliente falasse com Sara. = I sent the e-mail before the client talked to Sara. 3) Nós alertamos Joana sobre o risco antes que fosse tarde demais. = We alerted Joana to the risk before it was too late. [Tweet "4 templates to use Before and After correctly in Portuguese"]How to Use After in Portuguese After in Portuguese is Depois. Like Antes, it can be followed by the preposition de or one of its contractions. It can also be followed by que. Each case requires a different verb tense. 1. Depois de + Verb in the Infinitive 1) Ligue para Paulo depois de terminar o relatório. = Call Paulo after you finish the report. 2) Depois de pensar muito, decidi pedir demissão. = After thinking a lot, I decided to quit my job. 3) Sempre chego em casa faminta depois de malhar. = I always get home starving after I work out. 2. Depois de + Noun Use one of the contractions of de. It needs to agree in gender and number with the noun. Examples: 1) Paulo visitou o cliente depois da apresentação. = Paulo visited the client after the meeting. 2) Paulo sempre visita os clientes depois das apresentações. = Paulo always visits his clients after the meetings. 3) Manuela visitou Pedro depois do aniversário dele. = Manuela visited Pedro after his birthday. 5) João gosta de relaxar depois dos jogos. = João likes to relax after the games. 6) Vire à esquerda depois do sinal. = Turn left after the light. 3. Depois que + Past tense Use the past tense when talking about the past. 1) Depois que ele saiu, todos ficaram mais à vontade. = Afte he left, everyone felt more at ease. 2) Não pude dormir depois que falei com você. = I could not sleep after I spoke with you. 3) Joana foi para casa depois que terminou o relatório. = Joana went home after she finished the report. 4. Depois que + Future subjunctive Certain conjunctions require the use of the future subjunctive when they refer to an action that will happen in the future. Depois que is one of these conjunctions. 1) Vou ligar para Paulo depois que terminar esse relatório. = I will call Paulo after I finish this report. 2) Só posso sair para almoçar depois que fizer essa ligação. = I can only leave for lunch after I make this call. 3) Joana vai falar com o cliente depois que tiver as informações necessárias. = Joana will speak with the client after she has the necessary information.

before and after

great

beleza

acreditar

believe

crer

believe / think /

beneficario/a

beneficiary

trair

betray

melhor

better.best

ponte

birdge

nascimento

birth

bocado

bit

bloco

block

barco

boat

cupcake

bolinho

adj that precede noun

bom belo (beautiful) mau grande longo breve novo muito primeiro, segundo

chato / aborrecido/ enfadonho/ tedioso

boring

patrao

bos

patrão

boss

ambos/as

both

garrafa

bottle

a tigela

bowl

debate

divida

debt

derrota

deeat

derrota

defeat

entrega

delivery

too much

demais

How to Make Comparisons Using More than more than = mais que OR mais do que You can use adjectives, adverbs, or nouns in your comparisons. Example 1 Diogo é mais alto que Tiago. Or: Diogo é mais alto do que Tiago. = Diogo is taller than Tiago. Example 2 Diogo dirige mais cuidadosamente que Tiago. Or: Diogo dirige mais cuidadosamente do que Tiago. = Diogo dirige more carefully than Tiago. Example 3 Essa casa tem mais quartos que aquela outra. Or: Essa casa tem mais quartos do que aquela outra. = This house has more rooms than that other one. Moral of the story: In Portuguese, the size of the word does not matter in comparisons as it does in English (taller, more responsible). To make comparisons using "more than", you simply use: mais _____ que mais _____ do que Using que or do que is up to you. They are both correct and they mean exactly the same. What to avoid I often hear this version of comparisons: (wrong) Diogo é mais alto de Tiago. This is incorrect. You need to use either que or do que in the second part of the comparison. Also avoid "de que". How to Make Comparisons Using Less than It is the same as shown above. You just use menos = less, instead of mais. less than = menos que OR menos do que Example 1 Daniela é menos tímida que Camila. Or: Daniela é menos tímida do que Camila. = Daniela is less shy than Camila. Example 2 Camila é menos ocupada que Daniela. Or: Camila é menos ocupada do que Daniela. = Camila is less busy than Daniela. Example 3 Camila trabalha menos que Daniela. Or: Camila trabalha menos do que Daniela. = Camila works less than Daniela. Example 4 Camila tem menos amigos que Daniela. Or: Camila tem menos amigos do que Daniela. = Camila has fewer friends than Daniela. Did you notice? Did you notice that in Portuguese we say menos both for "less" (less shy = menos tímida) and for "fewer" (fewer friends = menos amigos)? Next time your Brazilian friends mix those two up, you know why What to avoid Please do not say "menas". Never say "menas". Some Brazilians do, but the word doesn't even exist. This is a bad mistake. Yes, There Are Exceptions Of course there are exceptions Some comparatives are irregular. They are not many and it's easy to learn them. You will sound much better in Portuguese if you use the irregular comparatives correctly.

comparisons in portuguese

compaixao

compassion

competicao

competition

competitivo

competitive

completar

complete

cumprir

comply with meet (my

conceito

concept

preocupacao

concern

confianca

confidence

confiante

confident

confronto

confrontation

confuso

confusing

to know people, place, things

conhecer

ligado

connected

considerar

consider

consulta

consultation

conter

contain

concurso

contest

contribuir

contribute assist help

converter

convert/turn/ transform/

convencer

convince

gente boa

cool

legal

cool

bacana

cool, nice good

copias

copies

certo

correct

corrigir correjo

correct/fix

casal

couple

coragem

courage

doida

crazy

Maluco means crazy, nuts. But as a slang it is used as "dude", "guy", or "girl". For example: Carol: Maluco, foi um jogo super difícil. Translation: Carol: Dude, it was a very difficult game. Pedro: Você conhece aquela maluca? Estudei com ela na faculdade. Translation: Pedro: Do you know that girl? I went to college with her.

crazy/ nuts

criar

create

chorar

cry

cristal

crystal

a xicara

cup

curiouso/a

curious

atualmente, hoje em dia

currently, nowadays

cortar

cut cut off chop

fofa

cute

gracinha

cute

cute thing - coisa bonita lindo fofa

cute phrases

cotume

cutom

papa

dad

droga

damnit

danca

dance

dancar

dance

perigo

danger

perigoso

dangerous

Tempo, Vez and Hora are words that might be easily misused among the meanings of the Portuguese vocabulary if we don't understand them properly:In Portuguese you'd use the word "Vez" to describe a "turn" ("Agora é a minha vez." - "Now it's my turn"). However, there are situations that we might incorrectly tend to say "tempo" instead of "vez" (e.g. "Esta vez vou de carro" - "This time I'll go by car"). Here we are using the word "time", but what we really mean is "this turn, i'm going by car".Tempo is more like measuring a period of time, for instance asking "how long" something is going to take ("Quanto tempo é a reunião? Muito tempo?" - "How long is the meeting? Very long?").Hora(s) is used to specify for instance a flight time, or the specific time of a flight ("A que horas é o vôo? As 14.30?" - "What time is the flight? At 14.30?").

different ways of time

1. Small size Imagine that you are walking down the street and you see one of those tiny, super cute dogs. You can say: Que cachorrinho tão fofo! = What a cute little dog. 2. Affection Diminutives are often used to refer to people you like. Você é meu anjinho. = You are my little angel. Gosto muito de você, Leãozinho. = I like you very much, little lion. This phrase is from Caetano Veloso's song Leãozinho. 3. Irony or sarcasm Diminutives are a common way to express irony or sarcasm, as in the example below: Posso imaginar a casinha onde Bill Gates mora. = I can imagine the "little" house where Bill Gates lives. I don't know Bill Gate's house, but I bet is isn't a small place, right? 4. Putting something or someone down Este é um jornalzinho sem qualidade. = This is a bad quality newspaper. This newspaper may be the biggest in the country. The use of a diminutive here is not about size. The tone of the speaker will help you understand that s/he does not like the newspaper. 5. Lessening the importance of something Estou com uma dorzinha de cabeça chata. = I have a minor headache that is bothering me. 6. Emphasizing something Preciso acordar bem cedinho amanhã. = I need to wake up very early tomorrow. 7. We often use the diminutive because it sounds friendly and informal Pode me dar uma mãozinha? = Can you give me a hand? I might be asking for a huge favor and still use mãozinha. It makes the request more friendly and smoother. Vamos pegar um cineminha hoje? = Let's catch a movie today. It might be a 3-hour long movie. It isn't about size. A gente vai tomar uma cervejinha mais tarde. = We are going to get a beer later today. We might drink all the beer in the world. The diminutive here is not about quantity. It is just a casual and friendly way to speak. How to Form the Diminutive By the way, in Portuguese diminutive = Diminutivo. Here are the 6 rules that you need to know to form the diminutives correctly. It's pretty easy. 1. Words that end in a non-stressed vowel When the word ends in a vowel and the last syllable is not the stressed (stronger) syllable of the word: Remove the final vowel Add -inho or -inha The general rule is that masculine words will end in -inho and feminine words will end in -inha. However there are funny words, such as cinema which is a masculine noun that ends in a. When that is the case, use -inha even though it is a masculine noun. Examples: Uma casa (house): uma casinha Uma garota (girl): uma garotinha Um carro (car): um carrinho Um cachorro (dog): um cachorrinho Um monte (a mount; a bunch of something): um motinho 2. Words that end in a stressed vowel When the word ends in a stressed vowel, that is, it ends in a vowel and the last syllable is the stressed (stronger) syllable of the word: Remove the graphic accent, if there is one Add -zinho (masculine words) or -zinha (feminine words) Examples: O pé (foot): o pezinho O sofá (couch): o sofazinho O café (coffee): o cafezinho O tatu (armadillo): o tatuzinho 3. Words that end in a consonant When the word ends in consonant: Add -zinho (masculine words) or -zinha (feminine words) Examples: O papel (paper): o papelzinho A flor (flower): a florzinha O amor (love): o amorzinho When the word ends in M, replace it with an N: Bom (good): bonzinho Neném (baby): nenenzinho 4. Words that end in a diphthong A diphthong is a sound formed by the combination of two vowels in a single syllable. When you have that: Add -zinho (masculine words) or -zinha (feminine words) Examples: O coração (heart): o coraçãozinho O pão (bread): o pãozinho A mão (hand): a mãozinha 5. Words that end in -ca, -co, In addition to adding -inho or -inha as seen in rule 1 above, there is a spelling rule for words that end in -ca or -co: Replace the last C with QU Examples: O macaco (monkey): o macaquinho A vaca (cow): a vaquinha 6. Words that end in -ga, -go, In addition to adding -inho or -inha as seen in rule 1 above, there is a spelling rule for words that end in -ga or -do: Replace the last syllable G with GU Examples: O lago (lake): o laguinho A manga (mango): a manguinha With the rules above in mind, what is the diminutive of your name? Mine is Lucianinha My mom calls me like that sometimes <3

diminutives

jantar

dinner

directo

direct

indirect/ object pronouns

direct: me te voce o a nos os as voces indirect (to) me (to) te (to) lhe nos (to) a voce

loira suja

dirty blonde

descobrir (participle: descoberto)

discover / find out / figure it out

discutir

discuss argue

discussao

discussion

desaparecer

dissapear/ go away

decepcionado/a // desapontado/a decepcao (f) , despontamento (m)

disspointed disspointment

distintivo

distinctive

fun

diversao

tem horas?

do you have the time

voce gosta de se divertir ou e chato

do you like to have fun or are you boring?

feito

done

nao fique triste

dont be sad (put any emotions)

nao se preocupe comigo

dont worry about me

descer

down / go down

elaborar

draw up/ develop

desenhos

drawings

vestido

dress

conduzir

drive lead conduct

Cara By itself, cara can mean "dude". Examples: 1) Cara, estou exausto hoje. = Dude, I am exhausted today. 2) Calma, cara. Você não vai resolver nada dessa forma. = Calm down, dude. You won't find a solution to anything this way.

dude

is it far/near

e longe? e perto?

estabelecer

e sta blish set

cedo

early

brinco

earring

esforco

effort

qualquer um

either one

electricidade

electrcitiy

in, on, at

envergonhado

embarassed

menina

girl

namorada

girlfriend

embarassing situations

prenouncing pronouns

emember to pronounce the Portuguese version differently to the English! (Sort of a weak 'muh', rather than a 'mee').

emocao

emotion

emoção

emotion

emocional

emotional

empregado

employee

vazio

empty

incentivar

encourage / promote/ stiumulate

inimigo

enemy

desfrutar

enjoy indulge take advantage

suficiente

enough

entram

enter

-o -es -e -emos em i este eu emos eram ia ias ia iamos iam

er verbs

escapar

escape get away/out

fugir

escape run away

animada

escited

office

escritório

estou esta estamos estao estive esteve estivimos estiviram estava estava estavamos estavam

estar

estou estás está estamos estão estive estiveste esteve estivemos estiveram estava estavas estava estávamos estavam

estar

to be tired

estar cansado

this, these, that, those + prepositions

este, estes (this, these) esta, estas, (this, these) esse, esses (that, those) essa, essas (that, those) aquele, aquelas that, those (something farther away aqueles, aquelas that, those (something farther away) de: deste, destes (of this desta, destas (of these desse, desses (of that dessa, dessas (of those daquele, daqueles, daquerla, daquerlas em: neste, nestes ( in this, in these nesta, nestas (in this, these nesse, nesses (in that, in those nessa, nessas (in that, in those naquele, naqueles (in that, in those naquela, naquelas (in that, in those a: aquele, aqueles, aquela, aqeulas

it is there

está lá

i don't understand

eu nao entendo

i want to go there. it is there.

eu quero ir lá. está lá.

I'm twenty-five years old

eu tenho vinte e cinco anos de idade

evento

event

eventualmente

eventually

todo mundo

everyone

evolucao

evolution

exame

exam

examinar

examine

analisar

examine analyze review look at

troca

exchange

emocionante

exciting

expanao

expanion

despesa

expene

elderly

idoso

se eu sair com ela,

if i hang out with her

A Street Smart Way to Say Something is Expensive in Portuguese Posted on 06.01.16 No Comment Custa os olhos da cara!!! Colloquial expressions enrich the language and are so much fun, don't you think? They make you sound more natural speaking the language. In this video lesson, I show you a great Brazilian Portuguese expression to say that something is very expensive. It is the equivalent of saying that something will cost you and arm and a leg, but it uses different body parts I will also show you the regular word for expensive and how to use it with the verbs Ser and Estar. Watch the video: Expensive = Caro, Cara Let's start with the basics: Caro, cara = expensive Because expensive is an adjective, it needs to agree in gender and number with the noun. Here is a lesson on the gender of adjectives. Here is one on the gender of nouns. É caro or Está caro? Ser or Estar? Both are correct. They communicate slightly different ideas. Using the Verb Ser In the beginning of your Portuguese journey, you learned that the verb Ser is used to describe permanent qualities. Yes, this is an over-simplification, but it will work for our case here. When I am talking about things that are expensive in general (not just expensive right now or at this store), I use the verb Ser. No Brasil, carros são caros. = In Brazil, cars are expensive. É muito caro comprar uma casa em São Francisco. = It's very expensive to buy a house in San Francisco. Using the Verb Estar When you first studied the verb Estar, you learned that it is used for temporary states and things that are not permanent. Observe the examples below to see how this applies to our study of the word Caro. 1) You want to buy a car. Say you walk into a dealership and see a really good deal. You can say: Esse carro não está caro. = This car is not expensive. It is like saying that this car is not expensive at the moment or at this place. 2) É caro comprar uma casa em São Francisco. Agora, com uma economia forte, está ainda mais caro. = It is expensive to buy a house in San Francisco. Now, with a strong economy, it is more expensive. The Verb Custar Custar means to cost, such as in: Quanto custa? = How much is it? How much does it cost? Essa mesa custa R$200,00. = This table is R$200,00. Custar os Olhos da Cara This is the expression that I wanted to show you today. Custar os olhos da cara = to be very expensive In English, some things can cost you an arm and a leg. In Portuguese, they will cost you your eyes. Or, translating the expression literally, they will cost you "the eyes of your face". Remember to conjugate the verb Custar in your sentences to agree with the object you are talking about. Here are three examples using the expression: 1) Essa loja é caríssima. Tudo aqui custa os olhos da cara. = This store is very expensive. Everything here costs you an arm and a leg. 2) Produtos de tecnologia custam os olhos da cara no Brasil. = Technology products cost you an arm and a leg in Brazil. 3) Reformar a casa vai custar os olhos da cara! = It will cost us an arm and a leg to renovate the house!

expensive

experimentar

experience/try

exploracao

exploration

exploração

exploration

explorar

explore

ja e Já é is used to express agreement to invitations. It is used as a synonym of combinado. For example: Carol: Tenho dois ingressos para o jogo de amanhã. Quer ir comigo? Pedro: Já é. Te pego às 3. Translation: Carol: I have two tickets to see the game tomorrow. Want to come with me? Pedro: Deal. I will pick you up at 3.

express agreement to invitations

as a reuniao comeca as 10:00 the meeting starts at 10

expressing an event occurs at a specific time

extensao

extension

enfrentar

face confront tackle address meet deal with fight

facilitar

facilitate ease make it easier enable simplify

faith

fiel

faithful

falso

fake

cair

fall drop fall down crash hit

fama

fame

longe de

far from

moda

fashion

culpa

fault

fique a vontade

feel free

sentimento

feeling

lutar

fight

lutador

fighter

preencher

fill / fill out/ fill in

Até que enfim First I will show you the expression: Até que enfim. It means: finally, at last. Examples: Até que enfim você chegou! Eu estava preocupada. = You're finally here! I was worried. Até que enfim terminei a mudança. Deu muito trabalho. = At last I am done moving. It was a lot of work. Até que enfim você decidiu! Já estava em tempo. = You have finally made up your mind! It was about time. Finalmente Finalmente is even easier to remember because it is similar to English. It also means: finally, at last. Até que enfim and finalmente can be used interchangeably. Examples: Finalmente terminei o relatório. = I finally finished the report. Finalmente vou conhecer seu namorado. = At last I am going to meet your boyfriend. Finalmente o verão chegou. = Summer is finally here. Now practice these expressions by using them in real-life conversations with your Portuguese instructor and your friends. Practice makes new learning permanent and it is the best way to see if you really got it. Divirta-se!

finally, at last

financeiro

financial

voar

fly

seguir

follow take

rango

food

estrangeiro

foreign

esquecer

forget,. get over let go move past

o garfo

fork

senhor, senhorita, senhora

formal- young women, man, old women

ja e

forsure

fresco

fredsh

com frequencia

frequently

amigavel, simpatico

friednly face/smile.

amigaveis

friendly

o give a ride = Dar uma carona First, let me say that this lesson refers to free rides, such as when a coworker gives you a ride home or a friend gives you a ride to a birthday party. We are not talking about paid rides. Dar uma carona is literally to give a ride. The verb Dar is irregular. In fact, it is very irregular. Many Portuguese learners have trouble conjugating Dar correctly. But you don't have to struggle! I have a flashcard app for Android devices that will help you practice the present and past tenses of irregular verbs Dar and Fazer. These are extremely useful verbs as they are present in a great number of colloquial expressions. Get the app here. Let's see some examples with Dar uma carona in different verb tenses: 1) Você vai à festa da Ana, né? Pode me dar uma carona? = You're going to Ana's party, right? Can you give me a ride? 2) Eu não dou carona a pessoas que eu não conheço. = I don't give rides to people that I don't know. 3) Ontem dei uma carona ao Rodrigo. = Yesterday I gave Rodrigo a ride. To get a ride = Pegar uma carona The verb Pegar is regular. You just need to pay attention to the extra "u" in the past tense as in examples 2 and 3 below. 1) Carla, posso pegar uma carona com você hoje? = Carla, may I get a ride with you today? 2) Ana: Como você foi pra casa ontem? Rui: Peguei uma carona com o André. Translation: Ana: How did you get home yesterday? Rui: I got a ride with André. 3) Não pegue carona com estranhos. É perigoso. = Don't get a ride with strangers. It's dangerous.

give a ride/ get a ride

desistir

give up quit walk away

evento de oferta.

giveaway

a taca

glass of wine

cabra

goat

Bom = good. Memorization tip: Both words have the letter O Bom is an adjective, therefore is has a feminine form and a plural form The feminine of bom is boa The plural forms are: bons and boas The opposite of bom is mau (with U at the end) The feminine of mau is má The plural forms are maus e más Tiago é um bom aluno e tem bom comportamento. = Tiago is a good student and has good behavior. O mau comportamento das crianças torna o trabalho do professor mais difícil. = The bad behavior of children makes the teacher's job harder. Clarinha é boa aluna, mas Ana é má aluna. = Clarinha is a good student, but Ana is a bad student. Os pais têm que dar bons exemplos aos filhos. = Parents have to give good examples to their kids. Pais que têm maus hábitos são uma má influência para os filhos. = Parents that have bad habits are bad influence for their kids. Como foi a sua viagem ao Brasil? Foi boa? = How was your trip to Brasil? Was it good? Como foi o seu dia? Foi bom? = How was your day? Was it good? Antônio é um bom cozinheiro. = Antônio is a good cook Bem = well. Memorization tip: Both words have the letter E Bem is an adverb, therefore it doesn't have a plural or feminine form The opposite of bem is mal (with L at the end) Bem and Mal do not have a plural or feminine form Here are examples using these words: Márcia não está se sentindo bem hoje. Ela dormiu mal e acordou gripada. = Márcia is not feeling well today. She slept badly and woke up with a cold. No escritório, todo mundo percebeu que Márcia estava se sentindo mal. = At the office, everyone noticed that Márcia was feeling unwell. Antônio cozinha muito bem. = Antônio cooks really well.

good and bad

um gato/gata

good looking guy/girl

to like

gostar + de Use DA in front of a feminine noun (or DAS for plural) Use DO in front of a masculine noun (or DOS for plural) When you have Gostar with a Verb This is very easy. Always use DE in front of verbs and the verb comes in the infinitive: Gosto de comer chocolate. = I like to eat chocolate. Ele gosta de cozinhar. = He likes to cook. Contracting De with Esse, Essa The preposition DE also contracts with the demonstrative pronouns. Examples: Não gosto desse = I don't like this chocolate. Gosto dessa = I like this store. Eu sei que você não gosta disso. = I know that you don't like this. Diana não gosta daquele = Diana doesn't like that restaurant. Contracting De with Ele, Ela The preposition DE also contracts with the personal pronouns Ele and Ela (and the plural forms). Examples: Você conhece o João? Você gosta dele? = Do you know João? Do you like him? Davi não gosta da Ana, mas eu gosto dela. = Davi doesn't like Ana, but I like her. If you want to say that you like something a lot, place the word Muito right after the verb Gostar and before the object of your affection. Examples: Gosto muito de chocolate. = I like chocolate very much. Não gosto muito de nadar. = I don't like swimming very much. When expressing your opinion, use the verb gostar in the past tense. For general likes and dislikes (I like chocolate. I don't like violence.), use the verbs in the present tense.

neto

grandson

otimo/a

great

solo

ground

terreno

ground

crescer

grow grow up mature get big evolve get oleer incrase

orientacao

guidance

orientação

guidance

culpado

guilty

galera

guys

academia

gym

bolsa

handbag

feliz

happy

se eu ficar com ela, ela esta segura

if i spend time w her, is she safe?

As I was drifting into sleep, I said aloud about the scene: Que bate-boca horrível. So I thought it would be useful for you to learn this expression: bater boca. Your Portuguese will sound very natural when you use it at the right time. I will show you how to use the expression as a verb and as a noun. Verb: Bater boca = to have a heated argument, to argue noisily Bater is a regular verb. To use the expression, simply conjugate the verb bater in the tense that you need. Examples: Tiago e Camila têm uma relação difícil. Eles batem boca com frequência. = Tiago and Camila have a difficult relationship. They frequently have heated arguments. Prefiro lidar com os problemas com calma. Não gosto de bater boca. = I prefer to deal with problems calmly. I don't like to argue. Ontem meu chefe e um colega bateram boca o dia todo. = Yesterday my boss and a colleague argued all day long. Noun: O bate-boca = a heated argument, a brawl, a noisy argument Examples: Tiago e Camila tiveram o maior bate-boca ontem. = Tiago and Camila had the biggest argument yesterday. Tiago e Camila têm muitos bate-bocas. (notice the plural) = Tiago and Camila have many heated arguments. Parem com esse bate-boca! Vocês não vão resolver nada assim. = Stop this brawl! You won't solve anything like this. `

heated argument

capacete

helmet

here

hereaqui

Ó pá / e pa

hey man, damn man

esconde r

hide conce al

elevado

high

altamente

highly

bate r

hit beat knock

segurar

hold / handle/ insure / secure

honra

honor

que tal jantar

how about dinner

qut tal jantar

how about dinner

Oi! e aí?

how are you? watsup?

How long have you been traveling? In Portuguese, use the present progressive tense. Example 1 Q: Há quanto tempo você está viajando? = How long have you been traveling? A: Estou viajando há duas semanas. = I've been traveling for two weeks. Good to know: Há is the present tense of the verb Haver. We use it to indicate time periods that have passed. How long? = Quanto tempo? Visit these other lessons to learn a lot more: Video lesson: How to use the present progressive + Tip to sound natural in Brazil. This is the verb tense to talk about what is happening at the moment. How to use the verb Haver to indicate a period of time How to use the verb Fazer to indicate a period of time Example 2 Q: Há quanto tempo você está aprendendo português? = How long have you been learning Portuguese? A: Estou aprendendo português há três anos. = I have been learning Portuguese for three years. How long will you ...? Use the simple future in Portuguese. Example Q: Quanto tempo você vai ficar? = How long will you be staying? A: Vou ficar três semanas no Brasil. = I will be in Brazil for 3 weeks. Learn how to use the verb Ir in Portuguese + 5 Street Smart tips that will make your Portuguese better and more natural. How long ago...? In Portuguese, use the simple past tense. Example Q: Há quanto tempo vocês se conheceram? = How long ago did you meet? A: A gente se conheceu há cinco anos. = We met five years ago. Practice the simple present and simple past of regular verbs with our flashcards app for Android devices. Bonus Phrase When we talk to a friend who we haven't seen in a while, we say: Há quanto tempo! = Long time, no see! Or: It's been a while! That's pretty much it for today. Now you need to practice to make sure you know how to use these questions and answers when you need them. Practicing with other people is critical to retain your new knowledge and make sure you get it right.

how long

quanto quantos

how much how many

com que frequencia

how often

contudo

however

to brincando to tirando onda voce ta brincando?

im kidding are you kidding?

lara is to going to pick Daniela up at work so they can go get dinner together. Clara is ready to leave the office. She calls Daniela and says: Estou saindo. Você está pronta? = I'm leaving. Are you ready? Learn the -ing form in Portuguese. Example 2 Bianca is waiting for Antônio at the restaurant. He is running late, so she calls and asks if he is on his way. He says: Estou saindo do escritório agora. Chego em dez minutos. = I'm leaving the office now. I'll be there in 10 minutes.

im leaving

Joana is just about to step out of the house to go to a doctor appointment when her cell rings. It is her husband. She answers and says: Estou de saída. Não posso falar agora. Te ligo depois, tá? = I'm on my way out. I can't talk now. I will call you later, OK? Example 2 It is 7pm and Joana is still at work. When she is just about to step out of her office, her manager shows up to talk to her. She says: Eu estava de saída. Podemos conversar amanhã? = I was on my way out. Can we talk tomorrow? What phases would you like to learn next? Let me know in the comments!

im on my way out

sinto muito

im sorry

contudo 1) Eu fui dormir cedo ontem. Contudo só levantei às 10h hoje. = I went to sleep early yesterday. However, I only got up at 10am today. 2) Eu tinha a intenção de malhar hoje de manhã. Isso não aconteceu, contudo, porque acordei tarde. = I intended to work out this morning. This did not happen, however, because I woke up late. 2) Entretanto 1) Nós íamos acampar no fim de semana passado. Entretanto a chuva nos fez cancelar a viagem. = We were going to camp last weekend. However, the rain made us cancel the trip. 2) Eu adoro acampar. Prefiro, entretanto, ficar em casa quando está chovendo. = I love camping. However, I prefer to stay home when it is raining. 3) No entanto 1) John sempre quis aprender português. No entanto só recentemente ele começou a fazer aulas. = John always wanted to learn Portuguese. However, he only recently started taking classes. 2) As aulas de português do John tomam tempo. O prazer de falar português, no entanto, faz valer a pena. = John's Portuguese classes take time. The pleasure of speaking Portuguese, however, makes it worthwhile. 4) Todavia 1) Regina tem um temperamento difícil. Todavia ela tem bom coração. = Regina has a difficult temper. However, she has a good heart. 2) Regina intimida as pessoas quando dá feedback. A intenção dela, todavia, é ajudar. = Regina intimidates people when she gives feedback. Her intention, however, is to help. 5) Porém 1) Eu adoro lasanha; porém não posso comer glúten. = I love lasagna; however, I can't eat gluten. 2) Não posso comer glúten. Isso não significa, porém, que eu não como pães e massas - sem glúten, claro = I can't eat gluten. This does not mean, however, that I don't eat bread and pasta - gluten free, of course

however

no entanto

however

Como vão as coisas?

hows everything going

como vao as coisas

hows everything going

4850

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Frequency_lists/BrazilianPortuguese_wordlist

abraco

hug

enormes

huge

humilhar

humiliate

centena

hundred

com fome

hungry

doem

hurt

magoar

hurt / harm /

as ordens

i am at your disposal

vou fazer exercicio

i am going to exercise

Estou com fome. = I am hungry. Estou faminta/o. = I am starving. Estou esfomiada/o. = I am starving. Estou morrendo de fome. = I am starving. Verde de fome And here is the cool colloquial expression that came to my mind when my stomach growled: Estou verde de fome. = I am starving. Literally it translates as: I am green of hunger. Remember to Conjugate the Verb Estar To use any of the expressions above to address other people, simply conjugate the verb Estar. For example: Vocês estão com fome? = Are you guys hungry?

i am hungry

estou brincando

i am kidding

nao acredito

i cant believe it

Não Tô Nem Ai Literally: "I'm not even there." Não tô nem ai is an informal way of saying "I don't even care"(or "I couldn't care less"). "I don't care about where we eat", the expression is da igual ("it's the same", literally: "it gives equal") or não ligo ("I don't care", literally: "I don't connect"). On the other hand, if you want to say "I don't care" in the sense that "It is not a big deal", the expression would be não importa ("It's not important.") Most often, it means "Who knows?" For example: Gabriel: Por que ele fez isso?! ("Why did he do that?") Mateus: Sei la mano ("Who knows, man.") It can also be used to mean "I have no idea." For example: Gabriel: Sei la o que vou fazer mano... ("I have no idea what I'm going to do man.") In a more aggressive way, it can also mean it doesn't matter or who cares. For example: Gabriel: O que deveria fazer? ("What should I do?") Mateus: Sei la cara, o problema é seu ("I don't care bro, it's your problem.")

i dont care

da igual / nao ligo / nao to nem ai igual - iguais plural

i dont care about where we eat

cresci

i grew up

Eu ainda não VISITEI

i havent visited yet

faco questao This is how you say "I insist" in situations in which someone insists on doing something for someone else. Below are a couple of additional examples in different situations and using the phrase with different conjugations. Notice that you use this phrase with the preposition de: Example 1: Cris: Os pais da Mila são muito animados. Eles sempre fazem questão de juntar os amigos e a família para celebrar datas especiais. Translation: Cris: Mila's parents are a lot of fun. They always insist on getting friends and family together to celebrate special dates. Example 2: Clara: Como você voltou pra casa ontem? Bianca: O João fez questão de me dar uma carona. Translation: Clara: How did you go home yesterday? Bianca: João insisted on giving me a ride.

i insist

eu so quero um boquete

i just want a *******

eu saio em breve

i leave soon

eu amo seu/sua sorriso

i love your smile

quero dizer cerca

i mean like

sitno falta da minha mae

i miss my mom

eu sinto sua falta

i miss you

eu deveria. voce deve. deveriamos. eles deviam.

i should. you should. we should. they should.

Tô quebrado/a Paulo tá quebrado. = Paulo is broke.

i'm broke

ideia

idea

identificar

identify pinpoint spot

dumb

idiota

The phrase is: ser por conta. Below are additional examples using the phrase ser por conta with different conjugations. Notice that you need the preposition de, or one of its contractions, after the phrase and before the person who is paying for it. Example 1: Mila: A gente vai comemorar o aniversário da minha mãe num hotel fantástico em Porto de Galinhas. Vai a família toda. Rosa: Vai ser caro! E você está lisa. Mila: Vai ser tudo por conta do meu pai. Translation: Mila: We're going to celebrate my mom's birthday in a fantastic hotel in Porto de Galinhas. The whole family is coming. Rosa: It will be expensive! And you are broke. Mila: It will be on my dad. Example 2: Clóvis: Esse restaurante é super famoso. Vou aproveitar para tomar um bom vinho já que é por conta da empresa. Translation: Clóvis: This restaurant is very famous. I will take the opportunity to have a good wine since it is on the company. Learn the present tense of the verb Ser with our free flashcard app for Android devices.

its on me

e possivel que

its ossible that

e macio

its soft

cadeia

jail

caramba

jeez/ hell

dever

job homework duty

alegria

joy

alegre alegria

joyful joy

julgamento

judgment

past tense acabar + de + infinitive

just done somethign " i just"

ainda agora

just now

apena. apenas

just/only

chutar

kick

pele

kin

gentil

kind

a faca

knife

bia da fato

know the fact

linguagem

languag

ultimo

last

ultima hora

last minute

atrasado

late

tarde. mais tarde.

late/later

risada

laugh

riso rindo

laugh laughing

camada

layer

lideranca lider

leadership leader

couro

leather

partir

leave depart break it down

sono

leep

comprimento

length

menos

less

vamos namorar vamos em um encontro

lets date. lets go on a date.

bora

lets go

mentirosa/o

liar

mentir

lie

levantar

lift raise get up

gostar

like enjoy love care appreciate

limitar

limit

labio

lip

lista

list

escuta

listen

animado

lively

longas

long

comprido

long in length

Ninguém means no one, nobody. The trick is to learn how to use it correctly in Portuguese. The dialogue below uses ninguém in context: Marta: Onde você estava ontem à noite? Liguei para a sua casa, mas ninguém atendeu. Leila: Ontem a gente foi ao aniversário da Maria. Por isso não tinha ninguém em casa. Translation: Marta: Where were you last night? I called your home, but no one answered. Leila: Yesterday we went to Maria's birthday. That's why there wasn't anyone at home. As you can see, in English you use two different words no express that no one answered the phone and no one was at home. In Portuguese, it is different. We use the same word because we have no problem with the double negative. In fact, we often need to use a double negative. Four Power Tips to Use Ninguém Correctly Tip 1 Ninguém may come before or after the verb. If you place it after the verb, you need to use the word não before the verb. Ninguém estava em casa. = Não havia ninguém em casa. = There was no one home. Tip 2 Ninguém always refers to people, never to objects. It means no one or anyone. It does not mean nothing or anything. Ninguém fala francês aqui. = No one speaks French here. Tip 3 Ninguém is never followed by a noun and never has a noun right before it. In other words, you cannot say "ninguém pessoa". Just say ninguém. Ninguém quer provar meu bolo? = Doesn't anyone want to try my cake? Ninguém me convidou para a festa. = No one invited me to the party. Tip 4 Embrace the double negative. You will need it. And because in Portuguese we use the double negative, we don't need to change from "no one" to "anyone". We simply use ninguém. Parece que não tem ninguém em casa. = It seems that nobody is home. Não quero falar com ninguém hoje. = I don't want to speak with anyone today. Eu não conheço ninguém aqui. = I don't know anyone here.

no one

barulhento

noisy

nenhum/a/ns/as ninguém nunca, jamais

none, nobody/anybody never, ever

wow

nossa

nao...mais

not + (verb or noun) + anymore

as much. too much

nós comemos tanta comida

the

o os a as agrees in gender and number with noun most nouns end in a vowel nouns ending in o, im om and un are masculine nounds ending in a cao dade gem are femnine nounds ending in r z add es to form plural ex. mulher nouns ending in m change to ns homem homens nounds ending in al el ol and ul change their l to is ex. sol, sois, papel, papeis nouns ending in s last syllable stressed pais- paises last syllable unstressed stays the same

the system

o sistema

articles

o, os, a, as um, uma um, umas

observacao

observation

observar

observe

claro

of course

fuleiro Esse sapato é fuleiro. these shoes are bad quality Que bolsas fuleiras! Não vão durar muito. = How cheap these purses are! They won't last long. Alberto é muito fuleiro. Não dá pra contar com ele pra nada.

of poor. bad quality not reliable

proporcionar

offers delivers

frequentements, raramente, uma semana atras, um mes atras

often. rarely. a week ago. a month ago.

esta bem

ta entendo

ok got it

okay

uma vez

once

de vez em quando xample 1 Janete: Você vem sempre a esse restaurante? Diogo: Só de vez em quando porque não é muito perto da minha casa. Translation: Janete: Do you come frequently to this restaurant? Diogo: Only once in a while because it's not very close to my place. Example 2 Janete: Como você mantém contato com sua rede de relacionamentos? Diogo: De vez em quando eu envio uma mensagem rápida para as pessoas com quem não tenho contato frequente. Translation: Janete: How do you keep in touch with your network? Diogo: Once in a while I send a quick message to the people with whom I don't have frequent contact.

once in awhile

where/ how/ which/ what/which/ how many how much/ why, when,

onde, como, que, qual/ quantos, quanto, porque, quando

falta um

one left

cacao

ong

apanas

only

alberto

open

When to use O QUE O que = what The textbook explanation is that you use o que when you are asking for a definition or an explanation. Pro tip: O que is followed by a pronoun (você, ele, esse) or a verb (ser, acontecer). O que você vai pedir? = What are you going to order? O que ele disse? = What did he say? O que esse homem quer comigo? = What does this man want with me? O que é "zero bala"? = What is "zero bala"? O que aconteceu? = What happened? In Portugal, these four questions would probably just use Que. In Brazil we use O que. Keep this in mind: O que is never followed by a noun. That's when we use que instead. Keep reading. When to use QUE (and not to use O QUE) Que = what The textbook explanation is that you use o que when you are asking for a definition or an explanation (same as above). Pro tip: Que is followed by a noun. Que tipo de música você mais escuta? = What kind of music do you listen to the most? Que livro você está lendo? = What book are you reading? Que comidas eles serviram na festa? = What foods did they serve at the party? Que cidades você já visitou no Brasil? = What cities have you visited in Brazil? Que barulho é esse? = What is this noise? How about QUAL? Qual = what The textbook explanation is that you use qual to ask what when the answer is not a definition or an explanation. Here's how I think about qual: The answer is usually one of many options in a list of possibilities. It's as if you are asking: "Out of all the possibilities of ..., which one is it?" This sounds a bit awkward, but it will help you understand when to use qual. With practice, it will get into auto-pilot mode and you won't have to think about it anymore. Let me clarify with examples. Notice that in the examples qual is followed by the verb ser. The verb could be omitted from these questions. Qual é o seu telefone? = What is your phone (number)? (Out of all the possible phone numbers, which one is yours?) Qual é o seu endereço? = What is your address? (Out of all the addresses in the phone book, which one is yours?) Qual é o seu gênero de filme preferido? = What is your favorite movie genre? Qual é o cargo dele na empresa? = What is his position with the company? More about QUAL Qual = which When qual means which, it is followed by a noun. You can usually use either qual or que with this meaning. Qual carro você comprou? = Which car did you buy? Que carro você comprou? = What car did you buy? Qual proposta você vai aceitar? = Which offer will you accept? Que proposta você vai aceitar? = What offer will you accept? The plural of QUAL is QUAIS You need the plural when the noun that follows qual is in its plural form. Quais livros você leu recentemente? = Which books have you read recently? Que livros você leu recentemente? = What books have you read recently? Quais restaurantes você recomenda em Salvador? = Which restaurants do you recommend in Salvador? Que restaurantes você recomenda em Salvador? = What restaurants do you recommend in Salvador?

que and qual variations

Que tal...? Imagine this situation: Fátima and João are planning to go out for dinner tonight. Here is their dialogue: JOÃO: O que você quer comer? FÁTIMA: Que tal frutos do mar? JOÃO: Tá ótimo. Te pego às 8. Translation: JOÃO: What do you want to eat? FÁTIMA: How about seafood? JOÃO: Sounds great. I will pick you up at 8. In Portuguese, Que tal...? = How about...? What do you think of...? Pronunciation Watch this video lesson to learn how to pronounce the letter L when it is the last letter of the word or syllable, as in tal, Brasil, futebol, and carnaval. These little things make a positive difference in your Portuguese. Additional Examples with Que tal Situation 1 After dinner, João asks: Que tal pegar um cineminha na sexta? = How about catching a movie on Friday? Situation 2 When Fátima was getting ready to meet João, she asked her sister: Que tal esse vestido? Estou bonita? = How about this dress? Do I look pretty? In the example above you can also translate Que tal as: What do you think of...? Situation 3 Cristiana thinks her roommate is too bossy. One day during an argument she says: Que tal falar menos e ajudar mais? = How about talking less and helping more?

que tal

break

quebrar

rainha

queen

depressa

quickly

calmo

quiet

demitir

quit - resign

reaccao

reaction

ler leio le lemos leem li leu lemos leram

read

percebem

realize

perceber

realize understand

e mesmo

really?

razoavael

reasonable

receita

recipe

reconhecer

recognize

gravar

record / save /

recuperar

recover retrieve regain restore reclaim recuperate heal

reduzir

reduce

reserva

reervation

Eu me cortei cozinhando. = I cut myself cooking. The verb Cortar is conjugated in the past tense. Nothing new here: Eu cortei. Now notice that ME before the verb. That is the reflexive pronoun associated with Eu. In this sentence, it works as "myself" in English. Example 2: Ana se cortou cozinhando. = Ana cut herself cooking. The verb Cortar is conjugated in the past tense: Ana cortou. Before the verb, you see the reflexive pronoun SE which is associated with Ele, Ela. In English you use "herself" or "himself" Reflexive Pronouns Personal PronounReflexive PronounExempleEumeEu me cortei. (I cut myself)TuteTu te cortaste. (You cut yourself)VocêseVocê se cortou. (You cut yourself)EleseEle se cortou. (He cut himself)ElaseEla se cortou. (She cut herself)A genteseA gente se cortou. (We cut ourselves)NósnosNós nos cortamos. (We cut ourselves)VocêsseVocês se cortaram. (You cut yourselves)ElesseEles se cortaram. (They cut themselves)ElasseElas se cortaram. (They cut themselves) A verb can be reflexive in Portuguese, but not in English Often times a verb is reflexive in Portuguese, but not in English. That is, it would not take "myself", "himself", etc. in English, but it is reflexive in Portuguese. Example: As crianças se divertem no parque. = Kids have fun in the playground. So how do you know when you need to use a reflexive pronoun? You just know. There is no simple rule here. You need to learn which verbs are reflexive and when. Check out our flashcards below to learn 29 common reflexive verbs. Should you place the reflexive pronoun before or after the verb? Usually you have the option to place the pronoun before or after the verb. In writing, especially formal writing for business or school, the preference is to place the pronoun after the verb. Ana cortou-se cozinhando. = Ana cut herself cooking. Use a hyphen when you place the pronoun after the verb,. In spoken Brazilian Portuguese, we usually put the reflexive pronoun before the verb: Ana se cortou cozinhando. = Ana cut herself cooking. With that said, there are a few situations in which you need to place the pronoun before the verb even in formal Portuguese. You don't have an option in these situations. When You Need to Place the Pronoun Before the Verb When you have a negative word in the sentence Eu não me cortei. = I didn't cut myself. Paulo nunca se diverte nas festas. = Paulo never has fun at the parties. Ninguém se cortou. Que bom! = No one got cut. That's nice! When you have a question word in the sentence Quem se cortou? = Who got cut? Quando Ana se cortou? = When did Ana cut herself? After relative pronouns such as que and quem Ana é a pessoa que mais se corta na cozinha. = Ana is the person who cuts herself the most in the kitchen. There are a few other rules. These are the most common. When You Have Two Verbs When you have two verbs in a row, you can place the reflexive pronoun: between the two verbs; do not use a hyphen in Brazil or after the second verb, using a hyphen In spoken Brazilian Portuguese, it is more common to place it between the verbs. Eu vou me vestir. = I am going to get dressed. Eu vou vestir-me. = I am going to get dressed. Diana quer se levantar. = Diana wants to get up. Diana quer levantar-se. = Diana wants to get up. When You Cannot Place the Pronoun Before the Verb You cannot start a sentence with a reflexive pronoun. But I need to say that this may be the most disrespected grammar rule in spoken Brazilian Portuguese. In fact, I will even recommend that you break the rule in order to sound more natural in Brazil. Chamo-me Luciana. = My name is Luciana. (This sounds very formal in Brazil) Me chamo Luciana. = My name is Luciana. (This sounds more natural in Brazil) Do Brazilians Always Use Reflexive Verbs? Well, they should. But as you know, sometimes people develop different ways of speaking in different parts of the country. The rules above are the official rules for the whole country. But in some parts of Brazil you will hear some reflexive verbs used without the reflexive pronouns. Should you do the same? If you live in one of these parts of Brazil, you may find it easier to speak like everyone else. But keep in mind that it sounds wrong to those who use the reflexive verbs correctly. 13 Examples with Common Reflexive Verbs Cristina se apaixonou pelo Brasil. = Cristina fell in love with Brazil. João e Clara se apaixonaram à primeira vista. = João and Clara fell in love at first sight. Daniel se arrependeu de ter saído do emprego. = Daniel regretted leaving his job. Ana está se arrumando para ir ao casamento de Priscila. = Ana is getting ready to go to Priscila's wedding. Ana geralmente não gosta de se maquiar. = Usually Ana does not like to put on makeup. Ana se veste rápido. = Ana gets dressed quickly. João não gosta de se barbear. = João doesn't like to shave. Eu te dei o endereço errado. Desculpe. Eu me enganei. = I gave you the wrong address. Sorry. I made a mistake. Eu me levanto às 7 durante a semana. E você? = I get up at 7 during the week. How about you? Como você se chama? = What is your name? (Literally: How are you called?) A gente se divertiu muito no casamento. = We had a lot of fun at the wedding. Cadê a Ana? Ela foi embora sem se despedir? = Where is Ana? Did she leave without saying goodbye? Não estou me sentindo muito bem hoje. = I am not feeling very well today. Flashcards: 29 Reflexive Verbs Tips to use the flashcards Use the dropdown menu below the cards to choose a study mode. In Flashcard mode, click Options on the top right side to enable sound and choose if you want to see the English or the Portuguese card first, or if you prefer to see both cards at the same time. Try the different study modes to make it more fun and see what works better for you. If you like games, choose Scatter or Space Race study modes.

reflexive verbs

a geladeira

refrigerator

familiares

relatives

relaxar

relax

lancar

release, throw, launch

confiavel

reliable

recordar

remember / recall/ remind you / point out/ mention /

remover

remove

reparar

repair

substituir

replace, substitute

representar

represent / act / play

solicitar

request

exigir

require demand

moradores

residents

reolucao

resolution

respeitar

respect

responder

respond answer reply

responsalidade

responsability

responsavel

responsible

descansar

rest / relax / sit/ take a break

resultar

result

regressar

return / go back / come back / get back

revelar

reveal

Alguém = Someone or anyone The examples below show how to use Alguém (someone) in context. Here are two things to notice: We use Alguém in affirmations and in questions We don't use Alguém with a negative word. If you need to say that there isn't anyone there, you need to use Ninguém, as in example 5 below. 1) Essa caixa está muito pesada. Alguém precisa me ajudar, por favor. Translation: This box is very heavy. Someone needs to help me, please. 2) Alguém deixou esse casaco aqui. Translation: Someone left this coat here. 3) Alguém está com fome? Translation: Is anyone hungry? 4) Alguém pode me dizer o que aconteceu? Translation: Can someone tell me what happened? 5) Dani: As luzes estão apagadas. Você acha que tem alguém em casa? José: Não, acho que não tem ninguém em casa. Translation: Dani: The lights are off. Do you think there is anyone home? José: No, I don't think there is anyone home. Qualquer pessoa: When Anyone is not Alguém Sometimes, Alguém translates as Anyone, as was the case in examples 3 and 5 above. However, this is not always the case. When the meaning of "anyone" is that any person can do something, you need to say qualquer pessoa. See the example below: Dani: Você acha que qualquer pessoa do seu time pode fazer esse trabalho? José: Sim, qualquer pessoa pode fazer isso. Translation: Dani: Do you think that anyone in your team can do this job? José: Yes, anyone can do this. Street Smart Brazil offers Brazilian Portuguese lessons via Skype. Our instructors are: Native Brazilian speakers Fluent in English and additional languages College-educated with learning experience both in Brazil and abroad Trained professionals with work experience in Brazil and abroad

someone/anyone

algo

something

as vezes

sometimes

algum lugar

somwhere

canção

song

breve

soon

logo

soon

como?

sorry? didnt get that

som

sound

ta otimo

sounds great

azedo

sour

gastar

spend/waste

picante

spicy

a colher

spoon

esporte

sport

praca

square

pessoal

staff

norma

standard

iniciar

start initiate begin engage

faminta

starving

In this lesson I will teach you two very useful uses of the word Ainda: Ainda = still, as in "I am still at work." Ainda não = not yet These little words can make your communication much more effective and natural. Ainda = Still Example 1 Clara: Você está a caminho? Paulo: Não, ainda estou no trabalho. Clara: Ainda? Translation: Clara: Are you on your way? Paulo: No, I am still at work. Clara: Still? Example 2 Clara: Ouvi dizer que aquele restaurante novo é ótimo. Paulo: Ainda preciso ir lá! Translation: Clara: I heard that new restaurant is great. Paulo: I still need to go there! Example 3 Clara: Vou sair do trabalho mais tarde hoje. Paulo: Lembre que você ainda tem que passar na casa da sua mãe. Translation: Clara: I will leave work later today. Paulo: Remember that you still have to stop by at your mom's. Ainda não = Not yet Example 1 Clara: Você está a caminho? Paulo: Ainda não. Ainda estou no trabalho. Clara: Ainda? Translation: Clara: Are you on your way? Paulo: Not yet. I'm still at work. Clara: Still? Example 2 Clara: Já almoçou? Paulo: Ainda não. Translation: Clara: Did you have lunch yet? Paulo: Not yet. Example 3 Clara: Já foi ao novo restaurante? Paulo: Ainda não. Translation: Clara: Have you been to the new restaurant? Paulo: Not yet. Ainda Não? in a Question Example 1 Clara: Você está a caminho? Paulo: Não, ainda estou no trabalho. Clara: Você ainda não saiu do escritório? Translation: Clara: Are you on your way? Paulo: No, I am still at work. Clara: You haven't left the office yet? Example 2 Hugo, Mel e Téo: Você ainda não colocou a comida da gente?!! Translation: Hugo, Mel, and Téo: You haven't put our food yet?!! There is more about Ainda Make sure you also visit my lesson showing how to use Ainda to say "even more", "even less", "even better", etc. Super useful. Visit the lesson now to make your Portuguese more effective. Ainda Bem

still

https://www.learn-portuguese-with-rafa.com/support-files/verb_table_subjunctive.pdf The similar expressions you use with the personal infinitive but this time followed by "que": É possível que... (It's possible that...) É preciso que... (It's necessary that...) É necessário que... (It's necessary that...) É bom que... (It's good that...) É mau que... (It's bad that...) É provável que... (It's likely that... / It's probable that...) É impossível que... (It's impossible (to believe) that...) É suciciente que... (It's sufice that...) Other frequently used expressions are: ...a menos que... (unless) ...antes (de) que ... (...before...) ...assim que... (...as soon as...) ...até que... (...until... (in the future)) ...con tal que... (...provided that...) ...desde que... (...provided that... (another way of saying it)) ...depois (de) que... (...after... (in the future) Duvidar que... (to doubt that...) embora... (although...) enquanto... (for as long as... (in the future)) esperar que... (to hope / to expect / to wish that...) ficar contente que... (to be happy that...) insistir em que... (to insist that...) lamentar que... (to regret that...) mais vale que... (it's better that...) não acreditar que... (not to believe that...) negar que... (to deny that...) oxalá... (hopefully...) para que... (in order that...) pedir que... (to ask that...) preferir que... (to prefer that...) quando... (when ... (in the future)) recomendar que... (to recommend that...) sugerir que... (to suggest that...) talvez... (maybe... / perhaps...

subjunctive

processar

sue / process

sofrer

suffer hurt to be in pain

sofrimento

suffering

south

sul

apoiar

support

suportar

support

supreendente

suprising

claro combinado

sure! deal!

surpresa

surprise

sobreviver

survive

suspicious

suspeito

doce

sweet

beleza

synonym or tdo bem

a n fim

t the end

tabela

table

pegar

take

tirar um cochilo

take a n

tirar ferias

take a vacation

ciudar

take care look after care for deal with

se liga

take note

tira mao

take your hand off

tirar

take. take off. remove. draw. pull. take away. get out.

conversar

talk chat discuss

alto

tall

maybe

talvez

also

também

so, so much

tao tanto

alvos

targets

provar

taste try

imposto

tax

Abrir o jogo translates literally to "open up the game," but is often employed as an expression that refers to telling the truth or detailing an entire situation. It can be used when talking about internal business situations or when dealing with clients: "Vamos abrir o jogo sobre as negociações com o concorrente." "Let's be transparent about the negotiations with the competitors."

telling the truth or detailing an entire situation

temporario/a

temporary

tensao

tension

ter vs haver

ter + que + action verb. tem = there are. ter= posession haver = existence or presence

to be afraid

ter medo

terrivel

terrible

Estar na cara Meaning: to be obvious. You know when you can tell that someone is upset (or happy or angry) just by looking at their face? Even if that person denies the emotion, we can see it clearly on their face. That is the meaning of "estar na cara". Literally it means "to be on the face". Want to sound more natural? You might already know that here in Brazil we rarely say the verb Estar with all its syllables. In spoken Brazilian Portuguese and in informal written Portuguese, we drop the first syllable. I will use the informal shortened Estar in the examples below to help you practice. Your Portuguese will sound more natural this way. For written professional communication, use the verb with all its syllables. Examples: 1) Leve um guarda-chuva com você. Tá na cara que vai chover. (opening picture) = Take an umbrella with you. It definitely looks like it will rain. 2) Tá na cara que você não acredita em mim. = It's obvious that you don't believe me. 3) Paulo devia estar aqui há 30 minutos. Tá na cara que ele não vem para a reunião. = Paulo should have been here 30 minutes ago. It is obvious that he is not coming to the meeting.

to be obvious

Ficar de cara Meaning: to feel surprised, to be in disbelief. Examples: 1) Todo mundo ficou de cara quando o Brasil perdeu de 7 a 1 para a Alemanha. = Everyone was in disbelief Brazil lost 7 - 1 to Germany. 2) Eu tenho um negócio inacreditável pra te contar. Você vai ficar de cara. = I have something unbelievable to tell you. You will be in disbelief. 3) Fiquei de cara quando Paloma pediu demissão do trabalho. = I was very surprised when Paloma quit her job.

to be suprised

há houve havia haver = to be/to have (exist) But listening in on its actual use, you'll find that it's used just like the verb, TER. And then there's the fact that it appears to be yet another verb to express TO BE -- in a language that already has the two prominent verbs SER & ESTAR. And if you start investigating this whole mess you will soon run into long and detailed explanations (from linguists) about the subtle differences and uses of one vs. the other. More interesting (to me, at least) is how Brazilian actually use the Portuguese verb HAVER in conversation. Though you will hear HAVER used almost interchangeably with the verb TER, they actually use it in specific ways. Talking about something that happened some time ago. Há anos que eu moro aqui. > It's been years that I've lived here. Há cinco anos deixei de fumar. > It's been five years since I quit smoking. *Notice that haver is used in the PRESENT TENSE to talk about the PAST! That's because you are literally saying, there are x anos since y is happening. No past conjugation needed 😉 Now let's see what happens when we do conjugate haver in the past tense. O que que houve? > What happened? (literally: What was there?) *The grammatically correct way to say this is, O que é que houve? but conversational Portuguese has dropped the 'é'. Não houve aula de música hoje. > There was no music class today. Houve uma época em que não existia a internet / There was a time when there was no Internet. In this case houve (the simple past tense) translates to there was / there were. Talking about what exists right now. You will often hear people say for example, não há rather than não tem. In cases like this haver and ter are literally interchangeable. Há muito para fazer. > There's a lot to do. Há alguém que pode me ajudar? > Is there someone that can help me? You'll also see haver used to talk about the future, but only in magazine articles or news reports/ Like this: No futuro, haverá um aumento na temperatura. > In the future, the temperarure will rise.

to be/to have (exist) talking about something happened some time ago talking about what exists right now

melhorar

to better/to improve

empestar

to borrow

pegar emprestado/ tomar emprestado Vou pegar o carro do meu pai emprestado amanhã. = I will borrow my dad's car tomorrow. 2) Peguei alguns livros emprestados da Ana. = I borrowed some books from Ana. 3) Posso pegar a sua bicicleta emprestada? = Can I borrow your bike?

to borrow

trazer trago traz trazemos trazem trouxe trouxe trouxemos trouxeram trazia traziamos traziam

to bring

comprar

to buy

chamar

to call on, to call, bring up/ summon

carregar

to carry to load

apanhar

to catch to pick up to take

causar

to cause make result

venho vens vem vimos vêm participle: vindo vim vieste veio viemos vieram vinha vinhas vinha vinhamos vinham

to come

vir venho vem vimos vem vim veio viemos vieram vinha vinha vinhamos vinham chegar -- arrive

to come to arrive

comunicar

to communicate

prosseguir

to continue, to pursue, to proceed, to move on,

. Enganar = to deceive Enganar is a regular verb. Enganar = to deceive, to fool someone Examples: O João disse que não podia ir à festa de aniversário da Ana, mas depois apareceu lá de surpresa. Ele enganou todo mundo porque queria fazer essa surpresa. = João said that he couldn't come to Ana's birthday party, but then he showed up by surprise. He fooled everyone because he wanted to surprise us. Não confio no Tiago. Ele mente muito e está sempre enganando todo mundo. = I don't trust Tiago. He lies a lot and is always deceiving everyone. As aparências enganam. = Appearances deceive. (This is how we use this expression in Portuguese, instead of saying that appearances are deceiving.) 2. Ser enganado = To be deceived Use the verb Enganar in the past participle with the verb Ser to say that someone is being deceived or was deceived by someone else. Here are examples: Carlos comprou um carro usado, mas não foi um bom negócio. Ele pagou demais por um carro cheio de problemas. Ele foi enganado pelo vendedor. = Carlos bought a used car, but it wasn't a good deal. He paid too much for a car that is full of problems. He was fooled by the seller. Não seja enganado pela mídia! Pesquise as informações em fontes diferentes. = Don't be fooled by the media! Research information from different sources. 3. Enganar-se = To make a mistake, to be wrong When you use the verb Enganar as a Reflexive Verb, it means: to make a mistake, to be wrong. Examples: Joana and Carla are chatting: Joana: Feliz aniversário, Carla! Carla: Tá maluca? Meu aniversário é daqui a três meses. Joana: Poxa, foi mal. Eu me enganei. Translation: Joana: Happy birthday, Carla! Carla: Are you crazy? My birthday is in three months. Joana: Oops, my bad. I made a mistake. Ângela não confia no Pedro e ela nunca se engana com as pessoas. = Ângela doesn't like Pedro and she is never wrong about people. 4. Você está enganado = You are wrong We use the verb Enganar in the past participle with the verb Estar to say that someone is wrong. Examples: Eu pensei que Mirela morava em uma casa, mas ela mora em apartamento. Eu estava enganado. = I thought that Mirela lived in a house, but she lives in a condo. I was wrong. James não é americano. Você está enganada. Ele é canadense. = James isn't American. You're wrong. He is Canadian. 5. Cometer um engano = To make a Mistake Engano is a masculine noun. It means: a mistake. Cometer um engano = to make a mistake Notice that the literal translation of Fazer is to make. But we don't say "fazer um engano". In Portuguese we say: cometer um engano. Examples: Cometi um engano! Enviei o relatório de vendas para o cliente quando deveria ter enviado para o meu chefe. = I made a mistake! I sent the sales report to the client when I should have sent it to my boss. Errar é humano. Todos nós cometemos enganos na vida. = To err is human. We all make mistakes in life.

to deceive to make a mistake/ to be wrong you are wrong to make a mistake

entregar

to deliver to hand over

merecer

to deserv

to do/make participle: feito faco faz fazemos fazem fiz fez fizemos fizeram fazia fazia faziamos faziam Frank: De onde você é? = Where are you from? Janaína: Sou de Natal. = I'm from Natal. Frank: Faz quanto tempo que você mora aqui? = How long have you been living here? Janaína: Faz dois anos que moro aqui. = I've been living here for two years. Frank: Eu nasci em Curitiba. Faz seis anos que me mudei para São Paulo.= I was born in Curitiba. I moved to São Paulo six years ago. In Portuguese, we use the verb Fazer to indicate the duration of elapsed time. To express an ongoing action, use the main verb in the simple present (Eu moro) or in the present progressive (Estou morando). To indicate a past action, use the verb in the past tense (Eu me mudei). Examples: Faz dois anos que moro aqui. = I've been living here for two years. Faz dois anos que estou morando aqui. = I've been living here for two years. Faz seis anos que eu me mudei para São Paulo. = I moved to São Paulo six years ago. There are two ways to say this same thing: I can invert the sentence. Observe the use of "que" when I do that: Faz dois anos que moro aqui. Moro aqui faz dois anos. Faz 30 minutos que ele chegou. Ele chegou faz 30 minutos. Speak Correctly: In the previous post I promised to give you a tip to avoid a common mistake. Here it is: When used in this context, to indicate the duration of elapsed time, the verb Fazer is always used in the third person singular. You will hear people saying "Fazem dois anos", but this is bad grammar. You, as a Street Smart learner, should always use the verb in the singular. Let's see additional examples: 1. Faz quanto tempo que vocês estão juntos? = How long have you been together? 2. Faz mais de dois anos que Teresa estuda inglês. = Teresa has been studying English for more than two years. 3. Faz quanto tempo que você conhece Kátia? = How long have you known Kátia? 4. Eu conheço Kátia faz muito tempo. = I have known Kátia for a long time. 5. Você parece exausta. Faz quanto tempo que você está trabalhando neste relatório?= You look exhausted. How long have you been working on this report? 6. Faz sete horas que estou trabalhando neste relatório sem parar. =I've been working on this report for seven hours nonstop. 7. Faz dois anos que Léo não mora em São Francisco. = Léo hasn't been living in San Francisco for two years. 8. Faz uma semana que não vejo o sol. Que horror!= I haven't seen the sun in a week. How awful!

to do/make uses

dirigir

to drive

terminar

to finish

desculpar-se

to forgive

Dar-se bem = to get along well Here are examples of the expression in use: 1. A gente se dá bem. = We get along well. 2. Paco e Luca se dão super bem. = Paco and Cuca get along really well. 3. Ângelo e João não se dão muito bem. = Ângelo and João don't get along very well. Where to place the pronoun? You might be wondering why I am placing the reflexive pronoun in front of the verb. This is the preferred form in Brazil. Learn more about the pronoun placement here. What preposition to use? The sentences above don't need a preposition but, depending on how you build your sentence, you will need the preposition com. Here are examples: 1. Paco se dá super bem com Luca. = Paco gets along really well with Cuca. 2. Eu me dou bem com todo mundo no trabalho. = I get along well with everyone at work. 2. Dar-se bem = to do well You can also use the expression Dar-se bem to say that someone did well or was successful in a certain situation. Example: 1. João se deu bem: ele vendeu o negócio dele por uma fortuna. = João did well: He sold his business for a fortune. What preposition to use? Depending on how you build your sentence, you will need the preposition em or one of its contractions (na, no, nas, nos). Here are examples: 1) Me dei bem na entrevista. = I did well in the interview. 2) Você acha que se deu bem nas provas? = Do you think that you did well in the exams? Avoid this common mistake A literal translation of "to do well" will not work well here. Avoid saying "fiz bem na entrevista". It's incorrect. Say it like a Brazilian using Dar-se bem. The Opposite of Dar-se bem: Dar-se mal Here are examples: Milena se deu mal na entrevista. = Milena did poorly in the interview. Acho que me dei mal na prova. = I think I did poorly on the test. The Verb Dar

to get along well/badly

anoitecer During a car trip: Espero que a gente chegue antes de anoitecer. = I hope we get there before the night falls. 2) Anoitece cedo em Recife no inverno. = It gets dark early in Recife in the winter. 3. Almoçar Quer almoçar comigo? = Would you like to have lunch with me? 2) Ontem almocei em um restaurante maravilhoso. = Yesterday I had lunch at a wonderful restaurant. In Portuguese, we don't say "ter almoço" (= to have lunch) or "comer almoço"(= to eat lunch). We simply use the verb Almoçar. Keep this in mind

to get dark as teh night is falling to have lunch

dar dou da damos dao dei deu dimos daram dava dava davamos davam

to give

dou dás dá damos dão dei deste deu demos deram dava davas dava davamos davam

to give

odiar

to hate

tenho tens tem temos têm tive tiveste teve tivemos tiveram tinha tinhas tinha tinhamos tinhamTem um gato no sofá. = There is a cat on the couch. Tem três pessoas na reunião. = There are three people in the meeting. Tem muitos brasileiros aqui. = There are many Brazilians here. See what we are doing here? We are simply using the verb Ter in the third person singular conjugation, which is the same conjugation as "você", "ele" or "ela". That's it. Make sure you say it right The verb Ter used with this meaning is always conjugated in the singular, in the same conjugation as "você", "ele" or "ela". Technically we say that it is an impersonal verb when used in this function. It will be important to keep this in mind, especially when you use the verb in the past tense. Too many Brazilians will put the verb in the plural, which is a big mistake that you want to avoid. Here are two examples: Tinha dezoito pessoas na fila. = There were 18 people in line. Tinha muitas pessoas na festa. = There were many people at the party

to have

ter tenho tem temos tem tive teve tivemos tiveram tinha tinha tinhamos tinham

to have

almocar

to have lunch

transar

to have sex.

ouvir

to hear

ouvir ouco

to hear

ficar com

to keep to stay with

saber sei sabe sabemos sabem soube soube soubemos souberam sabia sabia sabiamos sabiam

to know info/facts/skills not people

saber sei sabes sabe sabemos sabem soube soubeste soube soubemos souberam sabia sabias sabia sabiamos sabiam

to know something

rir

to laugh

sorrir

to laugh

aprender

to learn

saio sais sai saímos saem saí saíste saiu saímos saíram saia saia saiamos saiam

to leave

sair saio sai siamos saem sai saiu saimos sairam saia saia saiamos saiam

to leave

Deixar = To leave. quit, abandon, allow someone to do something, stop doing something 1. Nós deixamos o restaurante muito satisfeitos com a comida e o atendimento. = We left the restaurant very happy with the food and the service. 2. Deixei meu casaco no escritório. = I left my coat at the office. 3. Me deixa em paz! = Leave me alone! 2. Deixar = To abandon; to quit 1. Carla deixou o marido faz dois meses. Ele está arrasado. = Carla left her husband two months ago. He is devastated. Learn how to use the verb Fazer with time. Visit our lesson: Faz 2 anos - Use the Verb Fazer with Time 2. Vou deixar meu trabalho. Não aguento mais o meu chefe. = I will quit my job. I cannot stand my boss anymore. 3. Deixar = To let, to allow (someone to do something) 1. O professor deixou o aluno sair da aula mais cedo. = The teacher let the student leave class early. 2. Rosana não deixa ninguém falar. Ela está sempre interrompendo todo mundo. = Rosana doesn't let anyone speak. She is always interrupting everyone. 3. Mirela está de castigo. O pai dela não a deixou sair com as amigas hoje. = Mirela is grounded. Her father didn't allow her to go out with her friends today. 4. Deixar de = To stop (doing something) Notice that we use the second verb in its base form (infinitive). 1. José deixou de fumar há dois anos. = José quit smoking two years ago.

to leave, quit, abandon, allow someone to do something. stop doing something

emprestar Pai, me empresta o carro? = Dad, will you lend me the car? 2) Emprestei alguns livros ao Cláudio. Espero que ele devolva os meus livros! = I lent a few books to Cláudio. I hope he will return my books! 3) Alice: Que frio! Você pode me emprestar um casaco?Clara: Claro! Vou te emprestar um cachecol também. Translation: Alice: It's so cold! Can you lend me a coat?Clara: Sure! I will lend you a scarf too.

to lend

ficar. Ficar = to stay This is the literal translation of the verb Ficar. It means to stay. Examples: Meus pais vão ficar comigo por duas semanas. = My parents will stay with me for two weeks. Onde você vai ficar em São Paulo? Vai ficar na casa da Ana? = Where are you staying in São Paulo? Are you going to stay at Ana's? Quero ficar em casa e descansar no fim de semana. = I want to stay home and rest on the weekend. O pai da Sílvia faleceu. Fiquei muito triste com a notícia. = Sílvia's dad passed away. I was really sad with the news. Nós ficamos surpresos com o novo visual da Ana. = We were surprised by Ana's new look. Tenho uma surpresa para Camila. Acho que ela vai ficar muito feliz. = I have a surprise for Camila. I think that she will be very happy. Você precisa se cuidar melhor ou vai terminar ficando doente. = You need to take better care of yourself or you will end up getting sick. Quando Jaqueline saiu de casa, começou a chover. Ela ficou toda molhada. = When Jaqueline left her house, it started to rain. She got all wet. Use the verb Ser to indicate how someone is in general (not how they are feeling at the moment). Check out my lesson on how to use the verb Ser correctly here. Use the verb Estar to indicate how someone feels (or was feeling) at the moment. Check out my lesson on how to use the verb Estar correctly here. Use the verb Ficar in the past tense to say that someone "was sad" (or any emotion), meaning that they got sad because something caused them to feel sad. Look at examples 4 and 5 below. Examples Using Emotions Por que você está com raiva? O que aconteceu? = Why are you angry? What happened? Estou ansiosa porque tenho uma entrevista de trabalho amanhã. = I'm feeling anxious because I have a job interview tomorrow. Joana é sempre tão alegre. Infelizmente hoje ela está triste porque perdeu o emprego. = Joana is always so joyful. Unfortunately today she is feeling sad because she's lost her job. Ontem Ana deu um bolo em Mário. Ele ficou muito decepcionado. = Yesterday Ana stood Mário up. He was very disappointed. Parabéns pela promoção! Fiquei muito feliz com a notícia. = Congratulations on the promotion! I was very happy with the news. Não fique nervoso porque não adianta nada! = Don't get nervous because it doesn't help with anything.

to stay/ a transition of emtions

estudar

to study

jurar

to swear, promise

assumir

to take to assume take over accept adopt commit embrace presume

Um cochilo Uma soneca Tirar um cochilo Tirar uma soneca You can also say: Cochilar = to nap Both Tirar and Cochilar are regular verbs. You can practice the present and past tenses of regular verbs with my Flashcard App for Android devices. Examples: 1) Dizem que é saudável tirar um cochilo curto depois do almoço. = They say it's healthy to take a short nap after lunch. 2) Ontem eu tirei uma soneca rápida antes de pegar a estrada. = Yesterday I took a quick nap before hitting the road. 3) Você tem o hábito de cochilar de tarde? = Do you have the habit of taking an afternoon nap? 4) No Brasil, eu gosto de cochilar na rede. = In Brazil, I like to nap in the hammock.

to take a nap

puxar a alguem Camila adora cozinhar. Ela puxou à mãe. = Camila loves to cook. She takes after her mom. Sandrinho canta super bem. Ele puxou ao pai. = Sandrinho is a good singer. He takes after his father

to take after someone

tomar conta de algo n Portuguese, to take care of something or to look after something is: Tomar conta de algo You always need to use the preposition de or one of its contractions: With a general object: de With a feminine, specific object: da, das With a masculine, specific object: do, dos You will also need other contractions, such as dele, dela, daquele, etc. Examples: 1) Quem vai tomar conta da sua casa enquanto você estiver viajando? = Who will look after your house while you are traveling? 2) Você pode tomar conta da minha gata por duas semanas? = Can you take care of my cat for two weeks? 3) A Ana vai tomar conta do negócio quando eu me aposentar. = Ana will take care of the business when I retire. 4) Ela é babá, mas não gosta de tomar conta de crianças. = She is a nanny, but she doesn't like to look after children. Tomar conta de algo In Portuguese, to take care of something or to look after something is: Tomar conta de algo You always need to use the preposition de or one of its contractions: With a general object: de With a feminine, specific object: da, das With a masculine, specific object: do, dos You will also need other contractions, such as dele, dela, daquele, etc. Examples: 1) Quem vai tomar conta da sua casa enquanto você estiver viajando? = Who will look after your house while you are traveling? 2) Você pode tomar conta da minha gata por duas semanas? = Can you take care of my cat for two weeks? 3) A Ana vai tomar conta do negócio quando eu me aposentar. = Ana will take care of the business when I retire. 4) Ela é babá, mas não gosta de tomar conta de crianças. = She is a nanny, but she doesn't like to look after children. Cuidar de algo We can also use the verb Cuidar, which also means to take care of something. It is a regular verb. Obs: In the examples below notice how I add the adverb (bem, melhor) between the verb Cuidar and the preposition. You could also place the adverb at the end of the sentence, but I feel it is more natural to use it like I have done here. Examples: 1) Gosto de cuidar bem dos meus clientes. = I like to take good care of my clients. 2) Você precisa cuidar melhor da sua saúde! = You need to take better care of your health! Take care! At the end of conversations we often say: "Take care!". In Portuguese it is: Se cuide! (conjugation for você) Se cuida! (conjugation for tu) Example: Até mais. Se cuida! = See you later. Take care! We use the Imperative or Command tense for the verbs when we are telling someone to take care. I have a great lesson on Commands here. Check it out here. To Be careful To be careful in Portuguese is: Tomar cuidado Ter cuidado To tell someone to be careful with something we say: Tomar cuidado com algo Ter cuidado com algo Did you notice that the difference is the preposition? To take care of something or someone = Tomar cuidado de To be careful with something or someone = Tomar cuidado com Examples: 1) Tenha cuidado quando sair sozinha à noite. = Be careful when you go out alone at night. 2) Tenha cuidado com o chão molhado. = Be careful with the wet floor.

to take care of something or to look after something or someone. The kitty in the picture above is asking "Who is going to take care of me?" Take care! As we say at the end of a conversation To be careful with something or someone

tirar take a vacation take out/withdraw money take photos draw conclusions Vou tirar esse quadro do quarto e colocar na sala. = I'm going to take this painting out of the bedroom and put it in the living room. 2) A primeira coisa que eu faço quando chego em casa é tirar os sapatos. = The first thing I do when I get home is to take off my shoes. 3) Eu conheço um produto que tira todo tipo de mancha. = I know a product that removes any type of stain. 4) Você pode me ajudar? Não consigo tirar esse prego da parede. = Can you help me? I can't take this nail off the wall.

to take out, remove, to pull out, to pull of,

levar levar na brincadeira levar a serio Às vezes eu me irrito com Daniel porque ele leva tudo na brincadeira. = Sometimes I get annoyed with Daniel because he takes everything as a joke. 2) Não se zangue tão facilmente. Aprenda a levar certas coisas na brincadeira. = Don't get angry so easily. Learn to take certain things lightly. levar a serio Você precisa me ouvir e me levar a sério! = You need to listen to me and take me seriously! 2) Os pais se estressam quando os filhos não levam os estudos a sério. = Parents get stressed when their children don't take their studies seriously levar a cabo Meu chefe me deu dois meses para levar o projeto a cabo. = My boss gave me two months to carry out the project. 2) Você precisa ser mais persistente para levar a cabo seus planos de vida. = You need to be more persistent to bring your life plans to fruition. levar um fora João convidou Mariana para ir ao cinema, mas levou um fora. = João invited Mariana to go to the movies but got turned down. 2) Algumas pessoas são tão grosseiras! Perguntei se André queria ajuda, e levei um fora. = Some people are so rude! I asked if André wanted help, and he turned me down in a rude manner.

to take; to lead to take a joke, to not take something seriously, to take it lightly to take something seriously to carry something out to bring a project/activity to completion to bring something to fruition to be turned down, to be rejected to be dumped to get a rude negative answer

ensinar

to teach

ensinar

to teach educate to show

agradecer

to thank

tocar

to touch

viajar

to travel

viajar

to travel trip journey visit

Basically "Muito", "Demais" and "Demasiado" mean the same in some situations but different things in other situations. It depends on the context. Well, we know that "muito" means "a lot"- Eu tenho muito dinheiro (I have a lot of money). It also means "much" - Eu não tenho muito dinheiro. (I don't have much money). "Muito" also means "very" - A água está muito fria. (The water is very cold). However, "Muito" also means TOO. Not "too" meaning "as well" or "also" in English, but "too" meaning "too much" (e.g. A água está muito fria - The water is too cold). In this last case, you can replace the word "muito" by "demasiado" (A água está demasiado fria - The water is too cold (for your taste, for instance), and you are still saying the same thing. In Brazilian Portuguese, I notice that people use the word "demais" more often than in other Lusophone countries. So, say "A água está demasiado fria." and "A água está fria demais" mean exactly the same. And these two sentences, also mean "A água está muito fria". So, these three sentences mean exactly the same! Just be aware that the word "demais" is placed after the adjective, which in this case is "fria", whereas the other two words- "muito" and "demasiado" are placed before the adjective.

too much, many, too, a lot

paeio

tour

passeio

tour

to work

trabalhar

faixa

track

treinar

train / practice / coach /

formacao

training

pisoteado

trampled

transformacao

tranormation

transferir

transfer / download

transformou

transformed

transmitir

transmit

lixo

trash

tratado

treated

tendencia

trend

viagem

trip

exchange

trocar

confiar

trust

testar

try out

virar

turn/ become/ turn around

atrasado 1) Tenho uma reunião importante hoje. Não posso chegar atrasada. = I have an important meeting today. I can't be late. 2) Your friend has left you waiting again. You say: Cara, você está meia hora atrasado de novo. = Dude, you're half an hour late again. 3) Gerente: O seu relatório de vendas está atrasado outra vez, João. Já devia estar pronto desde a semana passada. Manager: Your sales report is late again, João. It should have already been ready since last week. 4) Gustavo: Você vai ao jantar da Sílvia hoje à noite? Taciana: Vou, mas vou chegar atrasada porque vou trabalhar até tarde. Translation: Gustavo: Are you going to Sílvia's dinner tonight? Taciana: Yes, but I will get there late (=after the scheduled time) because I'm going to work until late. Remember this: Tarde means a late hour. It doesn't mean that you are running late or that something is happening later that it was scheduled to happen. For example, yesterday I went to bed at 11:30PM. I went to bed late (tarde), but I wasn't late (atrasada) for anything. Let me show you real-life examples of the two words in use. Here are Real-Life Examples The time can be Tarde 1) Taciana is at a party. She looks at her watch and says: Quase meia-noite! Está tarde. Preciso ir. = "Almost midnight! It's late. I need to go. 2) Gustavo: Vamos ao cinema hoje? Que tal a sessão das 9:45? Taciana: 9:45 é muito tarde. Prefiro ir mais cedo. Translation: Gustavo: Let's go to the movies tonight. How about the 9:45 session? Taciana: 9:45 is too late. I'd rather go earlier. 3) At the bar: Taciana: Tá ficando tarde. Tenho que ir embora. = It's getting late. I have to go home. Actions can happen Tarde Tarde can be used with action verbs for actions that happen at a late hour or time. Notice, however, that the example below doesn't indicate that something happened later than it was scheduled to happen. It simply happened at a late hour. Fabiana: A festa terminou tarde ontem? Taciana: Terminou super tarde, lá pelas 3 da madrugada. Translation: Fabiana: Did the party end late yesterday? Taciana: It ended super late, around 3AM. This lesson has everything you need to say the time

two didferent vocab late words

tipica

typical

of a, from, as

um uma uns, umas of a, from a, de + um/uns = duma/ duns de + uma/umas = duma/dumas in a, em + um/uns = nun, nuns em + uma/umas = num, numas

compreender

understand

infeliz

unhappy

universo

universe

a nao ser que

unless

Say What You Have Been Doing in Portuguese Observe the dialogue and the translation below it, and compare the verbs in bold in both versions. Dialogue Sueli: E aí, o que você tem feito ultimamente? Vânia: Tenho trabalhado bastante. E você, o que tem feito? Sueli: Nada demais. Tenho me sentido muito cansada. Translation: Sueli: So, what have you been doing lately? Vânia: I have been working a lot. How about you, what have you been doing? Sueli: Not much. I have been feeling very tired. In English, you call this tense the Present Perfect Continuous. In Portuguese, we call it Pretérito Perfeito Composto do Indicativo. But let's not get all hung up on these complicated tense names. Let's look at this in a practical way, and you will see that it is easy to say what you have been doing in Portuguese. Compare the structures in English and in Portuguese: Example 1: Eng: I have been working a lot. Port: Eu tenho trabalhado muito. Example 2: Eng: Paula has been traveling to different places. Port: Paula tem viajado a lugares diferentes. In short This parallel will always be true. So, to say what you have been doing in Portuguese, do the following: Use the present tense of verb Ter in place of "have been" in English Use the past participle of the main verb instead of the present continuous (-ing) in English Done The dialogue below has additional examples: Dialogue Sueli: O que você tem feito? Vânia: Eu tenho saído muito com meus amigos. Sueli: Aonde vocês têm ido? Vânia: Temos ido ao cinema. Sueli: Eu tenho passado os fins de semana em casa. Vânia: Fazendo o quê? Sueli: Tenho lido ótimos livros. Translation: Sueli: What have you been up to? Vânia: I have been going out a lot with my friends. Sueli: Where have you guys been going? Vânia: We've been going to the movies. Sueli: I've been spending the weekends at home. Vânia: Doing what? Sueli: I've been reading great books. E aí, o que você tem feito? Tem praticado português?

what you have been doing

sei la

whatever

tanto faz

whatever

qeal o seu nome

whats your name

quando voce esta dispinivel

when are you available

isto (this, this thing) isso that thing (near you )) aquilo (that, thath thing (over there)) ` + de: disto, disso, daquilo em: nisto, nisso, naquilo a: a So, one trick you can try when you see "this" in an English sentence is replacing it for "this thing/stuff" or for just "it". If it works, then you are dealing with "isto". (Notice that you wouldn't refer to people or to animals as "this thing" unless in specific contexts. Using "isto" is really treating things like objects) If it doesn't work, then try replacing it for "this one" or even "this noun". Now, that is surely "este/esta". And when you see "these", then you are sure it's "estes/estas", because "isto" just doesn't have a plural form. Well, the choice gets a lot easier when you remember that: isto = this thing (or just this) este = this one (singular masculine) estas = these ones (plural feminine) You will notice that "isto" never points to anything else in the sentence.

when referring to singular and neutral things (facts, ideas, vague objects but not persons)

para onde para que

where to? what for?

cadê / onde esta We use Cadê to ask about the temporary location of people, animals, or objects. When we use it, we are often looking for something or someone. Examples: Cadê você? = Where are you? (picture above) Cadê meus óculos? = Where are my glasses? Cadê o gato? = Where is the cat? onde e? ask about the permanent location of places and buildings, or where an activity takes place. You need to conjugate the verb. Onde é o banheiro? = Where is the restroom? Onde é o restaurante? = Where is the restaurant? Onde são suas aulas? = Where are your classes? We do not use Onde é to ask about the location of objects, people or animals since these are not fixed anywhere. The difference between using Onde é and Onde está relates to the difference between the verbs Ser and Estar. You can think about Onde fica? as: "Where is/are... located?" I don't mean where it is located right now or for the next few moments. I mean where its usual locations is. Remember to conjugate the verb. Onde fica o banheiro? = Where is the restroom located? Onde fica a farmácia mais próxima? = Where is the closest drugstore? Onde fica o restaurante? = Where is the restaurant? of it as "Where to". Let's see a few examples: Aonde você vai? = Where are you going? Aonde você vai me levar para jantar? = Where are you going to take me for dinner? Aonde ele foi nas férias? = Where did he go on vacation? Eu me perdi na cidade e não sabia aonde ir. = I got lost in the city and didn't know where to go. Não sei aonde chegaremos com essa discussão. = I don't know where we will get to with this argument. Onde Onde is used with verbs that do not express the idea of movement. Onde = Where. You can think of it as "In what place". Let's see a few examples: Onde você está? = Where are you? Onde você mora? = Where do you live? Onde é o restaurante? = Where is the restaurant? Para abrir a página, clique onde diz "Mais informações". = To open the page, click where it says "More information". Onde fica o banheiro? = Where is the bathroom?

where words

qual quais

which one? which ones?

ganhar // p participle ganho

win gain earn

ventar

windy

com conmigo contigo con ele /ela con eles/ elas

with with me with you with him/ her with them

retirar

withdraw/remove

sem

without

Without fail = Sem falta Example 1 Preciso terminar este relatório hoje, sem falta! = I need to finish this report today without fail! Example 2 José's mom is recovering from a surgery. He says: Preciso ligar pra* minha mãe hoje, sem falta. = I need to call my mom today without fail. Example 3 Você precisa comprar mais comida hoje sem falta!!! = You need to buy more food today without fail!!! Example 4 José: Você vai pra* festa da Marta? Lara: Vou, sim, sem falta. Ela não vai perdoar se eu não for. Translation: José: Are you going to Marta's party? Lara: Yes, without fail. She won't forgive it if I don't go. *Pra: Is it the same as Para? Yes! In spoken Brazilian Portuguese, we say "pra" instead of "para" and "para a". We also do that in very informal written Portuguese such as personal emails, Facebook posts, and text messages.

without fail

lobos

wolves

marvilhoso

wonderful

think you will be happy with how simple this conjugation is. Simply add the following verb endings to the infinitive form of the verb: Eu -> ia Você, Ele, Ela -> ia Nós -> íamos Vocês, Eles, Elas -> iam The stress is always on the "i" of the above terminations. Let's see the conjugation for the verb Gostar: Eu gostaria Você gostaria Nós gostaríamos Vocês gostariam Easy, right? Just remember that there are several details that you need to know in order to use the verb Gostar correctly. I have a lesson that tells you all you need to know. Check it out here. The Conditional conjugation is the same for any irregular verb. Let's look at the verb Poder: Eu poderia Você poderia Nós poderíamos Vocês poderiam The Only Exceptions to the Rule This conjugation pattern will work for almost all verbs in Portuguese, except those whose infinitive form end in -zer, such as Fazer, Dizer, and Trazer for example. For these verbs, you do the following: Remove the final syllable -zer Add the following verb endings:Eu -> riaVocê, Ele, Ela -> riaNós -> ríamosVocês, Eles, Elas -> riam The funny thing is that the verb endings above are the same as the imperfect past conjugation of the verb Rir (to laugh) The Conditional tense of Fazer is: Eu faria Você faria Nós faríamos Vocês fariam A Funny Thing about the Verb Querer In Brazil we never use the verb Querer in the Conditional tense. It follows the general conjugation rule, but sounds pretty strange. Look: Eu quereria Você quereria Nós quereríamos Vocês quereriam So, instead of using the conditional, we use an alternative structure to say the same thing. Let me show you: André: O que você faria se o proprietário do seu apartamento fosse desonesto? Melissa: Eu ia querer me mudar. Translation: André: What would you do if your landlord were dishonest? Melissa: I was going to want to move out. The English translation may sound a bit awkward, but in Portuguese that is a great structure. I will publish a lesson about this structure next week. It is very useful.

would and could

precisaria

would need

escrever (participle: escrito)

write write down

escrita

writing

errado

wrong

equivocada

wrong misguided misunderstood

. ontem. hoje. amanhã. Semana Anterior.

yesterday. today. tomorrow. last week

você e eu vamos para minha casa nos divertir um pouco

you and me go to my house for a little fun

vc esta distraindo

you are distracting

voce e meu anjinho

you are my little angel

voce parece problemas

you look like trouble

voce me lembra

you remind me?

vc me satisfaz

you satisfy me

salvaste

you saved

quiete

you wanted

vc esta indo

youa re going.

20/5000 você está a uma milha de distância

your one mile away

de nada

your welcome

valeu falou Não seja por isso

your welcome

juventude

youth

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