Muscle Origin, Insertion, Actions, Innervations
Biceps Brachii Muscle Origin
(Short head) coracoid process of the scapula; (long head) supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula.
Scapulohumeral Intrinsic Shoulder Muscles
- Deltoid Muscle - Teres major muscle - Teres minor muscle - Supraspinatus muscle - Infraspinatus muscle - Subscapularis muscle
Axioappendicular Extrinsic Shoulder Muscles Deep
- Levator Scapulae Muscle - Rhomboid Major Muscle - Rhomboid Minor Muscle
Posterior Axioappendicular Extrinsic Shoulder Muscles Superficial
- Trapezius Muscle - Latissimus Dorsi Muscle
Teres Major Muscle Action
Adducts and medially rotates arm.
Subclavius Muscle Origin
Junction of rib and costal cartilage 1.
Pectoralis Minor Muscle Action
Stabilizes scapula.
Subscapularis Muscle Origin
Subscapular fossa of scapula.
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Innervation
Thoracodorsal nerve.
Pectoralis Major Muscle Action
Adducts and medially rotates humerus.
Subclavius Muscle Action
Anchors and depresses clavicle.
Pectoralis Major Muscle Origin
Anterior medial clavicle (clavicular head); anterior sternum costal cartilages 1-6 (sternocostal head).
Serratus Anterior Muscle Insertion
Anterior surface of medial border of scapula.
Deltoid Muscle Action
Anterior: Flexes and medially rotates arm. Posterior: Extends and laterally rotates arm.
Deltoid Muscle Innervation
Axillary Nerve
Teres Minor Muscle Innervation
Axillary Nerve.
Pectoralis Minor Muscle Insertion
Coracoid process of scapula.
Coracobrachialis Muscle Origin
Coracoid process.
Brachialis Muscle Insertion
Coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity.
Deltoid Muscle Insertion
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus.
Brachialis Muscle Origin
Distal half of anterior humerus.
Levator Scapulae Muscle Innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve.
Rhomboid Major Muscle Innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve.
Rhomboid Minor Muscle Innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve.
Levator Scapulae Muscle Action
Elevates and downwardly rotates scapula.
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Action
Extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus, and raises body toward arms.
Serratus Anterior Muscle Origin
External and lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8/9.
Trapezius Muscle Origin
External occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, and spinous processes of C7-T12.
Brachialis Muscle Action
Flexes forearm.
Coracobrachialis Muscle Action
Helps flex and adduct arm, resists dislocation of shoulder.
Subclavius Muscle Insertion
Inferior surface of middle 1/3 of clavicle.
Teres Minor Muscle Insertion
Inferior, posterior surface of greater tubercle of humerus.
Triceps Brachii Muscle Origin Long head
Infraglenoid tubercle of scapula.
Infraspinatus Muscle Origin
Infraspinous fossa of scapula.
Supraspinatus Muscle Action
Initiates and assists deltoid in arm abduction, holds the humeral head in glenoid.
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Insertion
Intertubercular Sulcus of humerus.
Pectoralis Major Muscle Innervation
Lateral and medial pectoral nerves.
Pectoralis Major Muscle Insertion
Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus on humerus.
Deltoid Muscle Origin
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula.
Trapezius Muscle Insertion
Lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula.
Infraspinatus Muscle Action
Laterally rotates arm, and holds humeral head in glenoid.
Teres Minor Muscle Action
Laterally rotates arm, and holds humeral head in glenoid.
Subscapularis Muscle Insertion
Lesser tubercle of humerus.
Subacromial Bursa
Located between the acromion process, coracoacromial ligament, deltoid muscle, and supraspinatus tendon
Serratus Anterior Muscle Innervation
Long thoracic nerve.
Teres Major Muscle Innervation
Lower subscapular nerve.
Triceps Brachii Muscle Action
Main extensor of forearm, long head resists posterior dislocation of humerus.
Rhomboid Major Muscle Insertion
Medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle.
Levator Scapulae Muscle Insertion
Medial border of scapula superior to scapular spine.
Rhomboid Minor Muscle Insertion
Medial end of scapular spine.
Teres Major Muscle Insertion
Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus.
Pectoralis Minor Muscle Innervation
Medial pectoral nerve.
Subscapularis Muscle Action
Medially rotates arm, and helps hold humeral head in glenoid.
Teres Minor Muscle Origin
Middle part of lateral border of scapula.
Coracobrachialis Muscle Insertion
Middle third of medial surface of humerus.
Infraspinatus Muscle Insertion
Middle, posterior surface of greater tubercle of humerus.
Brachialis Muscle Innervation
Musculocutaneous Nerve.
Corachobrachialis Muscle Innervation
Musculocutaneous Nerve.
Biceps Brachii Muscle Innervation
Musculocutaneous nerve.
Subclavius Muscle Innervation
Nerve to subclavius.
Rhomboid Minor Muscle Origin
Nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 and T1 vertebrae.
Triceps Brachii Muscle Insertion
Olecranon process of ulna.
Triceps Brachii Muscle Origin Medial head
Posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove.
Triceps Brachii Muscle Origin Lateral head
Posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove.
Teres Major Muscle Origin
Posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula.
Levator Scapulae Muscle Origin
Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae.
Serratus Anterior Muscle Action
Protracts and rotates scapula, holds scapula against thoracic wall.
Triceps Brachii Muscle Innervation
Radial Nerve
Biceps Brachii Muscle Insertion
Radial tuberosity.
Rhomboid Major Muscle Action
Retract and downwardly rotate scapula.
Rhomboid Minor Muscle Action
Retract scapula and downwardly rotate.
Pectoralis Minor Muscle Origin
Ribs 3-5.
Trapezius Muscle Innervation
Spinal accessory n. (CN XI)
Rhomboid major Muscle Origin
Spinous processes of T2-T5 vertebrae.
Latissimus Dorsi Muscle Origin
Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest.
Supraspinatus Muscle Insertion
Superior part of greater tubercle of humerus.
Biceps Brachii Muscle Action
Supinates and flexes forearm.
Infraspinatus Muscle Innervation
Suprascapular nerve.
Supraspinatus Muscle Innervation
Suprascapular nerve.
Supraspinatus Muscle Origin
Supraspinous fossa of scapula.
Subscapularis Muscle Innervation
Upper and lower subscapular nerves.
Trapezius Muscle Action
Upper fibers (1) elevate scapula; lower fibers (3) depress scapula; middle fibers (2) retract scapula; upwardly rotate scapula.