Music Exam 2
In modern Europe, Sámi populations were subject to oppression and suppression via the following imperial technique:
all
Which of the following are responsibilities of the dhalang in wayang kulit?
all of the above
Which of the following was of paramount concern for American folklorist Alan Lomax?
b) He sought to preserve songs.
The Malay world was first colonized by Portuguese, Dutch, and British forces. During the Second World War, ____ forces occupied Southeast Asia.
b) Japanese
German-born composer Ludwig van Beethoven is framed as a timeless and universal composer due to the process of ____, in which people or works are deemed to be of greater value than others and thus necessary to know.
b) canonization
Which of the following is an accurate statement about the Balinese gamelan gong kebyar style?
b) performances are characterized by a shimmering quality
Berlin-based Lebanese graphic artist and musical improviser Mazen Kerbaj reconfigures the trumpet through extended techniques. Which of the following is a non-standard way of playing the trumpet?
b) removing the mouthpiece and breathing heavily (without pitch) into the instrument
Place the following terms in correct order. A longtime trading post between East and Southeast Asia, ____ was known as the independent ___ Kingdom before the Japanese government annexed the islands in 1879. Today it is the southernmost prefecture of Japan.
c) Okinawa, Ryūkyū
Which of the following best defines "Orkès Melayu"?
c) a generic term for Malay songs harmonized by European instruments
Which of the following is not a drum used in Malay musics?
c) gambus refers to oud / lute
The erhu is:
All of the above
True or False? Cumbia music originally emerged primarily as a narrative form, favoring complex lyrics and a unique style of singing.
Answer: False, Cumbia originally was primarily instrumental
True or False? Nortec is a genre based in rural Mexico.
Answer: False, it is largely an urban genre.
True or False? The performers of the candomblé ritual consist of solo male voice and the female chorus
Answer: False, the ensemble consists of three drums
True or False? The Peruviano wayno ensemble consists of only Amerindian instruments.
Answer: False, the wayno ensemble reflects the region's long history of contact with European musical ideas
What type of music is Champeta ?
Answer: a) A popular Afrio-Colombia dance music
Sanshin, a three-stringed long-necked lute, is Okinawa's quintessential musical instrument. While it is popular across Japan today, it initially was brought from ___.
Answer: a) China
In which of the following political entities is Cantonese the most widely spoken language?
Answer: a) Hong Kong
Yuanzhumin refers to
Answer: a) Indigenous peoples of Taiwan
An important characteristic of traditional Korean music is _______.
Answer: a) flexibility and modification by the individual performer
As a type of frame drum, the kompang is a
Answer: a) membranophone
The United Nations estimates that, by 2050, _______.
Answer: b) 9 out of 10 Latin American citizens will live in a city.
Which of the following can be heard in chindon-ya, a type of distinctly Japanese street advertisement band that originated in the late 1800s?
Answer: b) enka
The ____ is an Ainu mouth harp that generates buzzing sounds with shifting overtones.
Answer: b) mukkuri
There was an attempt to re-Africanize the Brazilian carnival in what decade?
Answer: b) the 1970s
"Dance of the Golden Snake" by Nie Er was written for an ensemble called
Answer: c) Modern Chinese Orchestra
The largest drum used in the llamadas candombe drum ensemble, is called the _________.
Answer: c) Piano
Minyo means _____.
Answer: c) a free-rhythm folk song
A core concept for Javanese gamelan coined by Dutch ethnomusicologist Jaap Kunst, ____ denotes when musical instruments mark off recurring points of time in relation to one another.
Answer: c) colotomic structure
In what way is "Shaoshan," a piece composed by Liu Baozhong during the Cultural Revolution, indicative of the music promoted by the Communist Party of China in the 1960s and 1970s?
Answer: d) all of the above
The Ainu faced discrimination under the Japanese government via:
Answer: e) all of the above
True or False? Europe is relatively easy to define—its meaning is containable within the boundaries of the "European Union."
F
True or False? In modern Japan, gagaku, known as courtly or royal music, is not distinguished from vulgar or profane music.
F
True or False? Johann Gottfried Herder, a twentieth century Hungarian philosopher, promoted the idea that a folk song represents a particular ethnic group, regional population, or religious community.
F
True or False? Ongaku, the Japanese term for "music" used today, has held stable meaning since it was first used in the eighth century CE.
F
True or False? The Sámi practice of joiking, which utilizes vocal cords to unite head and chest voice for a nasal timbre, was perceived by Europeans as classically beautiful and proof that Sámi and European bodies were one and the same.
F
True or False? Western European art music was completely new to 1960s and 1970s China, the period of the Chinese Cultural Revolution.
F
Portuguese singer-songwriter Lula Pena participates in a genre called ___, which is cherished for its heartbreaking melancholy and invitation of audiences into raw emotional states in intimate café settings.
Fado
True or False? The borderline drawn between Southeast Asia and Asia through the middle of the Bay of Bengal is unproblematic, as populations seldom traded and migrated across the region.
False
True or False? Mainland Southeast Asia includes Myanmar/Burma, Indonesia, Vietnam, Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos.
False. Indonesia is part of island/maritime Southeast Asia.
True or False? During the Chinese Cultural Revolution, Mao Zedong banned all Western European musical elements from Chinese cultural production because they were imperialist and counter-revolutionary.
False. Mao made exceptions when incorporation of such elements were deemed beneficial for China and for the CCP
"Tanko Bushi" is a well-known bon-odori tune originating from the Chikuhō region in northern Kyūshū. Which of the following accurately describes the material conditions under which the song was sung?
Right - all of the above
True or False? "Noise" (or "Japanoise") denotes a process of cultural feedback, an acoustic phenomenon that exceeds the original input and spins out of control.
T
True or False? Between 1914 and 1923, the Ottoman Empire exterminated and expelled 1.5 million Armenians from what is now eastern Turkey. The Armenian diaspora today mainly resides in Russia, the United States, France, and Georgia.
T
True or False? Changga are songs typically based on popular Western folk songs and Christian hymns.
T
True or False? Denoting "Malay world," alam Melayu encompasses multiple sovereign nations.
T
True or False? Jo-ha-kyū is a musico-asthetic principle that governs the structure of an individual gagaku piece or suite. According to this trifold structure, a slow beginning is followed by a long central section with a more steady pulse. Thereafter, the piece or suite culminates in a short faster conclusion.
T
True or False? Music for the deceased Korean royalty is less prestigious than music that honors the Chinese Confucians.
T
True or False? The well-known song "Arirang" tells the story of Korea's fitful modernity. The well-known shinminyo "Arirang" (also known as "New Arirang") was inspired by one of many folk songs (minyo) with "arirang" in their titles.
T
True or False? The Central Javanese gamelan style features two sets of instruments tuned to two tuning systems: pelog, a seven-note scale of unevenly spaced pitches, and slendro, a five-tone scale of evenly spaced pitches.
True
Why does Bohlman problematize the Westminster Quarters?
a) It sounds ordinary
Which of the following is not part of bon-odori performances today?
a) household-level honoring of ancestors around Buddhist altar
Before American military vessels intimidated the Edo government into opening its borders, the "island country" of Japan subscribed to ____ from 1639 to 1854 CE.
d) isolationist policy
In a Javanese gamelan orchestra, the ____ is a large hanging gong, and is the most important instrument.
gong ageng
The ____ is an elite ensemble comprised of string, woodwind, brass, and percussion sections and coordinated by a conductor. This ensemble is the industry standard for classical music.
symphony orchestra
In her composition The Hebrides Suite, sound artist Cathy Lane offers a distorted remix of a ____ originally collected by Alan Lomax, in which women sang whilst pounding wool against a surface in order to soften it.
waulking song.