NFS Chapter 12 Practice Questions

Dietary supplements are a _________ dollar a year industry

30 billion

There are ________ primary herbs with _______ names

550, 1800

Which of the following is NOT required on a supplement label?

An expiration date

An individual who is vegan would most likely benefit from which dietary supplement?

B12

An individual with lactose intolerance may benefit from taking

Calcium and vitamin D

Which of the following is NOT required on supplement labels?

Known adverse effects

Compounds found in foods that promote the growth of beneficial bacteria in the gut are:

Prebiotics

Dietary supplement labels may contain a ______, which describes how that product could affect the body's structure or function

Structure/function claim

Which of the following statements about the safety of dietary supplements is TRUE?

Supplements may provide dietary ingredients at levels that are toxic

Which of the following is NOT true of prebiotics?

They are typically dietary proteins

Which organization provides seals of quality for dietary supplements that have been tested?

US Pharmacopeial Convention

Which of the following disease and diet/nutrient link is NOT an approved health claim?

the common cold and vitamin C

What is the main difference between the "Facts Panel" of a supplement and of a food?

the supplement label can list ingredients that do not have recommended daily values

Which of the following is NOT a source of prebiotics? - onions - oatmeal - yogurt - black beans

yogurt

Which of the following is NOT true about the labeling of supplements

A cautionary statement must appear when there are known adverse effects

Which statement best describes the term dietary supplement?

A dietary supplement is a food or substance that supplements the diet and contains one or more dietary ingredients

Phytochemicals have _________ or hormone like properties which help to reduce the risk of disease

Antioxidant

A large research trial using a __________ supplement was stopped early due to evidence of possible harm

Beta carotene

Long term use of ________ may result in liver injury

Black cohosh

A plant of plant part valued for its health promoting properties, flavor, and or scent is a

Botanical

Examples of functional foods include all of the following except - strawberries - salmon - broccoli - vitamin D fortified milk - butter

Butter

Which of the following is NOT a good source of prebiotics?

Cow milk

The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics recommends that the best nutrition-based strategy for health is to

Eat a wide variety of foods

Most individuals who take dietary supplements have very poor diets or low nutritional status

False

Probiotics are a type of protein

False

Regular use of multivitamin/mineral supplements has been shown to decrease the risk of death or chronic disease

False

The FDA has strict guidelines for approving dietary supplements for safety before they are made available to consumers

False

The main difference between a health claim and a structure/function claim is that the FDA has NOT evaluated a health claim, and it HAS evaluated a structure/function claim

False

What law expanded the authority of the FDA to oversee new dietary ingredients?

Food safety modernization act

Foods that contain nutrients or other constituents that may enhance their contribution to health and disease prevention beyond their basic nutritional content are called

Functional foods

Foods that provide health benefits beyond the traditional nutrients they typically contain are

Functional foods

This group represents the HIGHEST percentage of new food products introduced to the market over the last decade

Functional foods

Which statement best describes the term Generally Recognized as Safe (GRAS)?

GRAS additives have been adequately shown by experts to be adequately safe to use.

Which botanical supplement may have adverse side effects?

Garlic

The amount of which of the following ingredients would not be shown on the Supplement Facts Panel?

Gelatin

GRAS stands for

Generally recognized as safe

Which of the following IS a botanical ingredient but is NOT an herbal ingredient?

Green tea extract

Which botanical supplement offers cardiovascular benefits?

Hawthorn

What type of claim can be used when there is significant scientific agreement on the relationship between a supplement ingredient and the reduced risk of a disease or condition?

Health claim

___________ supplements are dried preparations of flowers, leaves, roots, bark, or seeds

Herbal

Symptoms such as diarrhea, fatigue, nerve damage, birth defects, and nutrient interaction can all be a result of

Ingesting very high doses of certain supplements (about the ULs)

Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding the regulation of dietary supplements?

It is not uncommon for supplements to be contaminated with banned substances

Which of the following foods is NOT a source of probiotics? - lentils - buttermilk - yogurt - tempeh

Lentils

Which of the following is NOT an herbal supplement?

Liquid plant extracts

Which adverse effect is linked to high doses of the botanical supplement senna?

Liver failure

Which of the following is/are a way in which consumers can measure the quality of a supplement?

Look for the USP seal of approval and the NSF international seal of approval on the product label and for consumerlab.com testing and publication

A dietary supplement may contain which of the following dietary ingredients?

Minerals, herbs, vitamins, amino acids

The most common dietary supplement taken by Americans is

Multivitamin and multimineral

Which of the following is typically NOT a botanical supplement?

Multivitamin supplements

Which of the following is NOT true of botanical supplements?

Natural botanical supplements are nothing like prescription drugs.

Which of the following characteristics of a food's composition would NOT cause it to be considered a functional food?

Naturally high in several vitamins and minerals

Functional foods are also called

Nutraceuticals

Which of the following foods IS a source of probiotics?

Oatmeal

Which of the following is NOT a food source of probiotics?

Orange

Foods that contain live cultures of beneficial bacteria are

Probiotics

Which of the following are nutraceuticals that may be either added to, or naturally be a part of, functional foods

Probiotics, anthocyanins, fiber, lycopene

Which of the following is a TRUE statement regarding claims of supplement quality made on product labels?

Products with USP or NSF certification seals have been tested for quality and purity

The FDA routinely monitors supplements for

Reports of adverse reactions

The FDA routinely monitors supplements for:

Reports of adverse reactions

Which of the following would NOT be allowed on the Nutrition Facts Panel of a food but would be found listed in a Supplement Facts Panel?

Resverstrol

What is one new regulation proposed under the Food Safety Modernization Act?

Safety must be proven through a history of documentation detailing dosage, frequency, and duration of use

In which of the following circumstances is the use of a multivitamin/mineral supplement MOST likely to have a beneficial effect?

Smokers and alcohol dependent individuals

Mild to moderate depression may be helped by

St John's wort

Which of the following information for botanical ingredients will NOT be displayed in the supplement panel?

The country of the ingredient's origin

The DHSEA dictates that __________ is responsible for ensuring that a dietary supplement product is safe

The manufacturer of the product

Which of the following statements about the Supplement Facts Panel is TRUE?

The scientific names of botanicals are not always required

Which of the following types of statements is NOT allowed in structure/function claims?

The supplement may improve signs or symptoms associated with a disease

Which of the following is NOT regulated by DSHEA?

Topical oils

Which acronym may appear on a dietary supplement indicating that it has been certified by an independent labratory to be pure and produced using good manufacturing processes?

USP

New dietary ingredients in supplements are those that:

Were first used in supplements after enactment of DSHEA

A disclaimer stating that the FDA has NOT evaluated statements made on the product label must be included on the label of:

only supplements that make structure/function claims