NR222 Exam Review Unit 6,7
The nurse is completing an admission assessment with an 80-yearold man who experienced a hip fracture following a fall. He is alert, lives alone, and has very poor hygiene. He reports a 20-pound weight loss in the last 6 months following his wife's death, as well as estrangement from his only child. He admits to falls before this most recent fall. What should the nurse suspect? Dementia. Elder abuse. Delirium. Alcohol abuse.
Alcohol abuse.
Sexuality is maintained throughout our lives. Which of the following answers best explains sexuality in an older adult? When the sexual partner passes away, the survivor no longer feels sexual. A decrease in an older adult's libido occurs. Any outward expression of sexuality suggests that the older adult is having a developmental problem. All older adults, whether healthy or frail, need to express sexual feelings.
All older adults, whether healthy or frail, need to express sexual feelings.
The nurse is aware that preschoolers often display a developmental characteristic that makes them treat dolls or stuffed animals as if they have thoughts and feelings. This is an example of: Logical reasoning. Egocentrism. Concrete thinking. Animism.
Animism.
When nurses are communicating with adolescents, they should: Be alert to clues to their emotional state. Ask closed-ended questions to get straight answers. Avoid looking for meaning behind adolescents' words or actions. Avoid discussing sensitive issues such as sex and drugs.
Be alert to clues to their emotional state.
The nurse sees a 76-year-old woman in the outpatient clinic. She states that she recently started noticing a glare in the lights at home. Her vision is blurred; and she is unable to play cards with her friends, read, or do her needlework. The nurse suspects that the woman may have: Presbyopia. Presbycusis Cataract(s). Depression.
Cataract(s).
Which of the following statements is most descriptive of the psychosocial development of school-age children? Boys and girls play equally with each other. Peer influence is not yet an important factor to the child. They like to play games with rigid rules. Children frequently have "best friends."
Children frequently have "best friends."
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) continue to be a major health problem in young adults. Men ages 20 to 24 years have the highest rate of which STI? Chlamydia Syphilis Gonorrhea Herpes zoster
Chlamydia
You are working in an adolescent health center when a 15-year-old patient shares with you that she thinks she is pregnant and is worried that she may now have a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Her pregnancy test is negative. What is your next priority of care? Contact her parents to alert them of her need for birth control. Refer her to a primary health care provider to obtain a prescription for birth control. Counsel her on safe sex practices. Ask her to have her partner come to the clinic for sexually transmitted infection testing.
Counsel her on safe sex practices.
The nurse is completing a health history with the daughter of a newly admitted patient who is confused and agitated. The daughter reports that her mother was diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease 1 year ago but became extremely confused last evening and was hallucinating. She was unable to calm her, and her mother thought she was a stranger. On the basis of this history, the nurse suspects that the patient is experiencing: Delirium. Depression. New-onset dementia. Worsening dementia.
Delirium.
A 50-year-old male patient is seen in the clinic. He tells a nurse that he has recently lost his job and his wife of 26 years has asked for a divorce. He has a flat affect. Family history reveals that his father committed suicide at the age of 53. The nurse assesses for the following: Cardiovascular disease Depression Sexually transmitted infection Iron deficiency anemia
Depression
A nurse conducted an assessment of a new patient who came to the medical clinic. The patient is 82 years old and has had osteoarthritis for 10 years and diabetes mellitus for 20 years. He is alert but becomes easily distracted during the assessment. He recently moved to a new apartment, and his pet beagle died just 2 months ago. He is most likely experiencing: Dementia. Depression. Delirium. Hypoglycemic reaction.
Depression.
The nurse is teaching a class to students of pediatric nursing on comparing the concepts of growth and development. Which statement most accurately represents these concepts? Growth patterns are qualitative changes. Growth is from the head to toe or cephalocaudal. Development reflects an increase in the number and size of cells. Development is a gradual change that includes advances in skills.
Development is a gradual change that includes advances in skills.
The type of injury to which a child is most vulnerable at a specific age is most closely related to which of the following? Provision of adult supervision Educational level of the parent Physical health of the child Developmental level of the child
Developmental level of the child
An 18-month-old child is noted by the parents to be "angry" about any change in routine. This child's temperament is most likely to be described as: Slow to warm up. Difficult. Hyperactive. Easy.
Difficult.
Which play activity would the nurse plan for a 4-year-old girl 2 days after undergoing an appendectomy? Playing a game of Monopoly Dressing up in a Cinderella gown Participating in a game of hopscotch Drawing pictures of her mother and father
Drawing pictures of her mother and father
The school nurse assesses preschoolers for genetic conditions such as: Down syndrome. congenital hypothyroidism. sickle cell disease. Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
Duchenne muscular dystrophy.
You are caring for a recently retired man who appears withdrawn and says he is "bored with life." Applying the work of Havinghurst, you would help this individual find meaning in life by: Encouraging him to explore new roles. Encouraging relocation to a new city. Explaining the need to simplify life. Encouraging him to adopt a new pet.
Encouraging him to explore new roles.
Which approach would be best for a nurse to use with a hospitalized toddler? Always give several choices. Set few limits to allow for open expression. Use noninvasive methods when possible. Establish a supportive relationship with the mother.
Establish a supportive relationship with the mother.
An 8-year-old child is being admitted to the hospital from the emergency department with an injury from falling off her bicycle. Which of the following will most help her adjust to the hospital? Explain hospital routines such as mealtimes to her. Use terms such as "honey" and "dear" to show a caring attitude. Explain when her parents can visit and why siblings cannot come to see her. Since she is young, orient her parents to her room and hospital facility.
Explain hospital routines such as mealtimes to her.
A single young adult interacts with a group of close friends from college and work. They celebrate birthdays and holidays together. In addition, they help one another through many stressors. These individuals are viewed as: Family. Siblings. Substitute parents. Alternative family structure.
Family.
Nine-year-old Brian has a difficult time making friends at school and being chosen to play on the team. He also has trouble completing his homework and, as a result, receives little positive feedback from his parents or teacher. According to Erikson's theory, failure at this stage of development results in: A sense of guilt. A poor sense of self. Feelings of inferiority. Mistrust.
Feelings of inferiority.
Older adults frequently experience a change in sexual activity. Which best explains this change? The need to touch and be touched is decreased. The sexual preferences of older adults are not as diverse. Physical changes usually do not affect sexual functioning. Frequency and opportunities for sexual activity may decline.
Frequency and opportunities for sexual activity may decline.
A 50-year-old woman has elevated serum cholesterol levels that increase her risk for cardiovascular disease. One method to control this risk factor is to identify current diet trends and describe dietary changes to reduce the risk. This nursing activity is a form of: Referral. Counseling. Health education. Stress-management techniques.
Health education.
Allison, age 15 years, calls her best friend Laura and is crying. She has a date with John, someone she has been hoping to date for months, but now she has a pimple on her forehead. Laura firmly believes that John and everyone else will notice the blemish right away. This is an example of the: Imaginary audience. False-belief syndrome. Personal fable. Personal absorption syndrome.
Imaginary audience.
The nurse teaches parents how to have their children learn impulse control and cooperative behaviors. This would be during which of Erikson's stages of development? Trust versus mistrust Initiative versus guilt Industry versus inferiority Autonomy versus sense of shame and doubt
Initiative versus guilt
A nurse is completing an assessment on a male patient, age 24. Following the assessment, the nurse notes that his physical and laboratory findings are within normal limits. Because of these findings, nursing interventions are directed toward activities related to: Instructing him to return in 2 years. Instructing him in secondary prevention. Instructing him in health promotion activities. Implementing primary prevention with vaccines.
Instructing him in health promotion activities.
Dave reports being happy and satisfied with his life. What do we know about him? He is in one of the later developmental periods, concerned with reviewing his life. He is atypical, since most people in any of the developmental stages report significant dissatisfaction with their lives. He is in one of the earlier developmental periods, concerned with establishing a career and satisfying long-term relationships. It is difficult to determine Dave's developmental stage since most people report overall satisfaction with their lives in all stages.
It is difficult to determine Dave's developmental stage since most people report overall satisfaction with their lives in all stages.
Which theorist developed his ideas based on interviews that focused on hypothetical moral dilemmas? Gilligan Kohlberg Piaget Erikson
Kohlberg
A patient is laboring with her first baby, who is about to be delivered 2 weeks early. Her husband is in the military and might not get back in time, and both families are unable to be with her during labor. The doctor decides to call in which of the following people employed by the birthing area as a support person to be present during labor? Nurse Midwife Geneticist Lay doula
Lay doula
When determining the amount of information that a patient needs to make decisions about the prescribed course of therapy, many factors affect his or her compliance with the regimen, including educational level and socioeconomic factors. Which additional factor affects compliance? Gender Lifestyle Motivation Family history
Motivation
In an interview with a pregnant patient, the nurse discussed the three risk factors that have been cited as having a possible effect on prenatal development. They are: Nutrition, stress, and mother's age. Prematurity, stress, and mother's age. Nutrition, mother's age, and fetal infections. Fetal infections, prematurity, and placenta previa.
Nutrition, stress, and mother's age.
When Ryan was 3 months old, he had a toy train; when his view of the train was blocked, he did not search for it. Now that he is 9 months old, he looks for it, reflecting the presence of: Object permanence. Sensorimotor play. Schemata. Magical thinking.
Object permanence.
The nurse is teaching parents about typical sleep disturbances of the preschooler. Which recommendation would the nurse make to the parents? Bedtime rituals of 1 hour or more should decrease sleep disturbances Frightening television shows and stories should be banned before bedtime Parents should help the child differentiate between "pretend" and "real" occurrences When the child has night wakening events, reassurance occurs when the child is taken to the parent's bed
Parents should help the child differentiate between "pretend" and "real" occurrences
Sharing eating utensils with a person who has a contagious illness increases the risk of illness. This type of health risk arises from: Lifestyle. Community. Family history. Personal hygiene habits.
Personal hygiene habits.
Which theory of development asserts that learning precedes development? Vygotsky's theory of cognitive development Piaget's theory of cognitive development Erikson's theory of psychosocial development Kohlberg's theory of moral development
Piaget's theory of cognitive development
When preparing a 4-year-old child for a procedure, which method is developmentally most appropriate for the nurse to use? Allowing the child to watch another child undergoing the same procedure Showing the child pictures of what he or she will experience Talking to the child in simple terms about what will happen Preparing the child through play with a doll and toy medical equipment
Preparing the child through play with a doll and toy medical equipment
At a well-child examination, the mother comments that her toddler eats little at mealtime, will only sit briefly at the table, and wants snacks all the time. Which of the following should the nurse recommend? Provide nutritious snacks. Offer rewards for eating at mealtimes. Avoid snacks so she is hungry at mealtime. Explain to her firmly why eating at mealtime is important.
Provide nutritious snacks.
The nurse is working with an older adult after an acute hospitalization. The goal is to help this person be more in touch with time, place, and person. Which intervention will likely be most effective? Reminiscence Validation therapy Reality orientation Body image interventions
Reality orientation
You are caring for a 4-year-old child who is hospitalized for an infection. He tells you that he is sick because he was "bad." Which is the most correct interpretation of his comment? Indicative of extreme stress Representative of his cognitive development Suggestive of excessive discipline at home Indicative of his developing sense of inferiority
Representative of his cognitive development
Elizabeth, who is having unprotected sex with her boyfriend, comments to her friends, "Did you hear about Kathy? You know, she fools around so much; I heard she was pregnant. That would never happen to me!" This is an example of adolescent: Imaginary audience. False-belief syndrome. Personal fable. Sense of invulnerability.
Sense of invulnerability.
A 34-year-old female executive has a job with frequent deadlines. She notes that, when the deadlines appear, she has a tendency to eat high-fat, high-carbohydrate foods. She also explains that she gets frequent headaches and stomach pain during these deadlines. The nurse provides a number of options for the executive, and she chooses yoga. In this scenario yoga is used as a (n): Outpatient referral. Counseling technique. Health promotion activity. Stress-management technique.
Stress-management technique.
Which of the following statements accurately describe biological growth? (select all that apply) Select all that apply. a. Expected growth patterns exist in infants and children. b. Growth is steady throughout life. c. Extremely rapid growth occurs in the prenatal, infancy, and adolescent periods. d. Slower rates of growth occur during the toddler, preschool, and school-age periods. e. Infants typically double their birth weight by 6 months of age.
c. Extremely rapid growth occurs in the prenatal, infancy, and adolescent periods. d. Slower rates of growth occur during the toddler, preschool, and school-age periods. e. Infants typically double their birth weight by 6 months of age.
Piaget's stage of cognitive development states that characteristics of the sensorimotor stage include: development of egocentric animistic and magical thinking. development of the concept of object permanence. consideration of others' points of view. thought dominated by senses.
development of the concept of object permanence.
The nurse assesses the preschooler's coping mechanisms as being developmentally appropriate through observation of: temper tantrums. fantasy play. separation anxiety. flexible bedtime rituals.
fantasy play.
The hallmark of the first substage of Piaget's preoperational stage is the ability of the preschooler to function using: abstract thinking. concrete thinking. auditory cues. language.
language.
The process of gaining specific knowledge or skills that result from exposure, experience, education, and evaluation is known as: maturation. growth. development. learning.
learning.
The most common childhood school-age cancer is: retinoblastoma. neuroblastoma. Wilms tumor. leukemia.
leukemia.
The nurse in the well-baby clinic informs the mother of a 6-month-old infant about introducing solid foods by instructing her to: feed the baby solids before the milk. make the baby's solid foods smooth and runny. introduce solid foods by adding it to the baby's formula bottle. mix a little honey in the fruit to stimulate the infant's taste buds.
make the baby's solid foods smooth and runny.
Nurses caring for the toddler population instruct parents that one of the leading causes of visits to health care providers is: amblyopia. otitis media. burns. neglect.
otitis media.
When the nurse is assessing a toddler for signs of child abuse, observations of parental behavior may include: difficulty leaving the child. parental delays in seeking help. spontaneous reporting of the details of the injury. parental questions about progress and discharge.
parental delays in seeking help.
The nurse is teaching prenatal couples about the critical principles of attachment. These principles include: parents of sick infants become attached as quickly as those of healthy infants. the mother and father should have close contact with their infant within minutes after birth. it is mandatory for the father to witness the birth process so that bonding and attachment will occur. parents take on the active role when interacting with their infant, realizing that their infant will be unresponsive.
parents of sick infants become attached as quickly as those of healthy infants.
The nurse is teaching a group of mothers about toddlers and their play activities by explaining that toddlers: participate in parallel play. demonstrate skill in sharing and cooperative play. enjoy playing together with a group of toddlers. learn best with intensive drill during play.
participate in parallel play.
The nurse suggests stimulating experiences for development of their infant to the parents of a 6-month-old infant. These experiences would include: singing lullabies to the baby. inviting another infant over to play. keeping the top of the crib free of hanging mobiles. providing a toy that emits animal sounds when the buttons are pushed.
providing a toy that emits animal sounds when the buttons are pushed.
When evaluating the health perception of a preschooler, the nurse understands that this age group views pain or illness as: punishment. separation anxiety. a result of their actions. painful regardless of the intervention.
punishment.
The time during which infants develop the coordination to master activities which allow them to interact with the environment is known as the: reflexive period. psychosocial period. sensorimotor period. immunological period.
sensorimotor period.
The nurse assessing a 24-month-old toddler expects expressive language to include: repeats 2 digits from memory. jargon and echolalia are predominately used. talks in word phrases, and 2 to 3 word sentences. average sentence length is approximately 2½ words.
talks in word phrases, and 2 to 3 word sentences.
The preoperative stage of thinking is displayed by the child as: transductive reasoning. the trait of irreversibility. understanding the perspectives of others. an ability to consider more than one factor when solving simple problems.
transductive reasoning.
The nurse, presenting a class on strategies to prevent drowning in toddlers, instructs parents to: teach their toddler how to swim. place the toddler in the tub with 1 or 2 inches of water. make sure pails of water are less than ½ full. use personal flotation devices on the toddler when boating.
use personal flotation devices on the toddler when boating.
Which of the following activities are examples of the use of activity theory in older adults? Select all that apply. a. Teaching an older adult how to use e-mail to communicate with a grandchild who lives in another state b. Introducing golf as a new hobby c. Leading a group walk of older adults each morning d. Engaging an older adult in a community project with a short-term goal e. Directing a community play at the local theater
a. Teaching an older adult how to use e-mail to communicate with a grandchild who lives in another state b. Introducing golf as a new hobby d. Engaging an older adult in a community project with a short-term goal Explanation: Activity theory aids cognitive performance by using new approaches. A daily walk would not be a new activity, and the repetitiveness of it would not meet the definition of Activity Theory. Activities that have short-term goals can be engaging for older adults
A 63-year-old patient is retiring from his job at an accounting firm where he was in a management role for the past 20 years. He has been with the same company for 42 years and was a dedicated employee. His wife is a homemaker. She raised their five children, babysits for her grandchildren as needed, and belongs to numerous church committees. What are the major concerns for this patient? Select all that apply. a. The loss of his work role b. The risk of social isolation c. A determination if the wife will need to start working d. How the wife expects household tasks to be divided in the home in retirement e. The age the patient chose to retire
a. The loss of his work role d. How the wife expects household tasks to be divided in the home in retirement
Erikson's theory of psychosocial development identifies the toddler stage as: trust versus mistrust. initiative versus guilt. industry versus inferiority. autonomy versus shame and doubt.
autonomy versus shame and doubt.
A nurse is providing information on prevention of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) to the mother of a young infant. Which of the following statements indicates that the mother has a good understanding? Select all that apply. a. "I won't use a pacifier to help my baby sleep." b. "I'll be sure that my baby doesn't spend any time on her abdomen." c. "I'll place my baby on her back for sleep." d. "I'll be sure to keep my baby's room cool." e. "I'll keep a crib bumper in the bed to prevent drafts."
b. "I'll be sure that my baby doesn't spend any time on her abdomen." c. "I'll place my baby on her back for sleep." d. "I'll be sure to keep my baby's room cool
A patient's family member is considering having her mother placed in a nursing center. The nurse has talked with the family before and knows that this is a difficult decision. Which of the following criteria does the nurse recommend in choosing a nursing center? Select all that apply. a. The center needs to be clean, and rooms should look like a hospital room. b. Adequate staffing is available on all shifts. c. Social activities are available for all residents. d. The center provides three meals daily with a set menu and serving schedule. e. Staff encourage family involvement in care planning and assisting with physical care.
b. Adequate staffing is available on all shifts. c. Social activities are available for all residents. e. Staff encourage family involvement in care planning and assisting with physical care.
A nursing student is caring for a 78-year-old patient with multiple sclerosis. The patient has had an indwelling Foley catheter in for 3 days. Eight hours ago the patient's temperature was 37.1° C (98.8° F). The student reports her recent assessment to the registered nurse (RN): the patient's temperature is 37.2° C (99° F); the Foley catheter is still in place, draining dark urine; and the patient is uncertain what time of day it is. From what the RN knows about presentation of symptoms in older adults, what should he recommend first? Tell the student that temporary confusion is normal and simply requires reorientation Tell the student to increase the patient's fluid intake since the urine is concentrated Tell the student that her assessment findings are normal for an older adult Tell the student that he will notify the patient's health care provider of the findings and recommend a urine culture
Tell the student that he will notify the patient's health care provider of the findings and recommend a urine culture
The nurse assessing conventional level moral development in 12-year-old children would expect to see which behaviors? The child looks to others for approval. The child views behavior as completely right or wrong. The child behaves because there is a fear of punishment. The child's moral development is characterized by self-interest.
The child looks to others for approval.
Which physical growth and development change in toddlers places them at risk for airway obstruction? The diameter of the upper respiratory tract is small. The respiratory rate decreases to 25 breaths per minute. All 20 primary or deciduous teeth erupt be the end of toddlerhood. The swallowing pattern using the tongue is fully developed.
The diameter of the upper respiratory tract is small.
Middle-age adults frequently find themselves trying to balance responsibilities related to employment, family life, care of children, and care of aging parents. People finding themselves in this situation are frequently referred to as being a part of: The sandwich generation. The millennial generation. Generation X. Generation Y.
The sandwich generation.
Parents are concerned about their toddler's negativism. To avoid a negative response, which of the following is the best way for a nurse to demonstrate asking the toddler to eat his or her lunch? Would you like to eat your lunch now? When would you like to eat your lunch? Would you like apple slices or applesauce with your sandwich? Would you like to sit at the big table to eat?
Would you like apple slices or applesauce with your sandwich?
According to Piaget's cognitive theory, a 12-year-old child is most likely to engage in which of the following activities? Using building blocks to determine how houses are constructed Writing a story about a clown who wants to leave the circus Drawing pictures of a family using stick figures Writing an essay about patriotism
Writing a story about a clown who wants to leave the circus
Which of the following are goals of Gilligan's stages of moral development for women in the postconventional stage? (select all that apply) Select all that apply. a. Agree upon rights b. Principle of nonviolence c. Justice d. Personal moral standards e. Do not hurt self or others
b. Principle of nonviolence e. Do not hurt self or others
The nurse caring for the infant in the community setting observes for which of the following passive manifestations of abuse? (select all that apply) Select all that apply. a. Poor nutrition b. Neglected visits to primary care providers c. Soft tissue injuries d. Fractures in varying stages of healing e. Emotional neglect
a. Poor nutrition b. Neglected visits to primary care providers e. Emotional neglect
The nurse is teaching parents about strategies to help reduce preschooler unintentional poisonings in the home. Instructions would include: which of the following?(select all that apply) Select all that apply. a. Post the poison control number near every telephone. b. Administer ipecac syrup immediately to the child suspected of swallowing poison. c. Transfer cleaning supplies to old, unattractive canisters. d. Teach the child about poisons at an early age. e. Use safety latches for drawers and cabinet doors. f. Store products in their original container.
a. Post the poison control number near every telephone. d. Teach the child about poisons at an early age. e. Use safety latches for drawers and cabinet doors. f. Store products in their original container.
The nurse working with the preschool age group educates parents about which of the following nutritional guidelines? (select all that apply) Select all that apply. a. Preschool children should eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables per day. b. Children aged 3 to 5 should receive 1000 to 1200 calories per day. c. Preschool children should consume approximately half of their diet in carbohydrates. d. Fat requirements in preschool children are higher than those for older children. e. Preschool fat intake should consist of saturated fats.
a. Preschool children should eat at least five servings of fruits and vegetables per day. c. Preschool children should consume approximately half of their diet in carbohydrates. d. Fat requirements in preschool children are higher than those for older children.
Which of the following techniques will help the infant development of trust vs. mistrust? (select all that apply) Select all that apply. a. Respond to the infant in a consistent manner. b. Allow the infant to cry to avoid spoiling the child, particularly if the infant has just been fed and diapered. c. Respond to the infant in a prompt manner even if the child has physical needs met. d. Use a pacifier to soothe the infant when crying. e. Provide the infant with predictable and organized routines.
a. Respond to the infant in a consistent manner. c. Respond to the infant in a prompt manner even if the child has physical needs met. e. Provide the infant with predictable and organized routines.
Which of the following physical activities are most appropriate for the preschool age group? (select all that apply) Select all that apply. a. Ring around the Rosy b. Watching television c. Electronic video games d. Tee ball e. Paintball
a. Ring around the Rosy d. Tee ball
Formation of positive health habits may prevent the development of chronic illness later in life. Which of the following are examples of positive health habits? Select all that apply. a. Routine screening and diagnostic tests b. Unprotected sexual activity c. Regular exercise d. Excess alcohol consumption e. Consistent seat belt use
a. Routine screening and diagnostic tests c. Regular exercise e. Consistent seat belt use
A nurse is caring for a patient preparing for discharge from the hospital the next day. The patient does not read. His family caregiver will be visiting before discharge. What can the nurse do to facilitate the patient's understanding of his discharge instructions? Select all that apply. a. Yell so the patient can hear you. b. Sit facing the patient so he is able to watch your lip movements and facial expressions. c. Present one idea or concept at a time. d. Send a written copy of the instructions home with him and tell him to have the family review them. e. Include the family caregiver in the teaching session.
b. Sit facing the patient so he is able to watch your lip movements and facial expressions. c. Present one idea or concept at a time. e. Include the family caregiver in the teaching session.
The nurse, teaching a class to primiparas about risk factors associated with sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), explains that prevention strategies include: (select all that apply) Select all that apply. a. Prone sleeping position b. Supine sleeping position c. Postnatal smoking d. Sleeping on soft surfaces e. Sleeping on firmer surface f. Overwrapping the baby g. Allowing the baby to sleep with the parents h. Breast-feeding the baby
b. Supine sleeping position e. Sleeping on firmer surface h. Breast-feeding the baby
During a home health visit a nurse talks with a patient and his family caregiver about the patient's medications. The patient has hypertension and renal disease. Which of the following findings place him at risk for an adverse drug event? Select all that apply. a. Taking two medications for hypertension b. Taking a total of eight different medications during the day c. Having one physician who reviews all medications d. Patient's health history of renal disease e. Involvement of the caregiver in helping with medication administration
b. Taking a total of eight different medications during the day d. Patient's health history of renal disease
A nurse is participating in a health and wellness event at the local community center. A woman approaches and relates that she is worried that her widowed father is becoming more functionally impaired and may need to move in with her. The nurse inquires about his ability to complete activities of daily living (ADLs). ADLs include independence with: Select all that apply. a. Driving. b. Toileting. c. Bathing. d. Daily exercise. e. Eating.
b. Toileting. c. Bathing. e. Eating.
Which of the following physical changes are expected during the toddler years? (select all that apply) Select all that apply. a. Growth in height of 4 to 6 inches per year b. Weight gain of 4 to 6 pounds per year c. Urine specific gravity lower than that of an adult d. Bowel control generally occurs before urinary control e. Increase in heart rate because of increase in size
b. Weight gain of 4 to 6 pounds per year d. Bowel control generally occurs before urinary control
With the exception of pregnant or lactating women, the young adult has usually completed physical growth by the age of: 18. 20. 25. 30.
20.
A new mother asks the nurse when the baby's anterior fontanel will close. The nurse explains that it will close at: 2 months. 6 months. 12 months. 18 months.
18 months.
During a health screening of Hispanic children for lead poisoning, the initial question the nurse should ask is: "How old is the house you are living in?" "Do you eat canned foods from the United States only?" "Are there any areas in your home where paint is chipping off?" "Do you use ceramic containers made outside the United States for cooking?"
"Do you use ceramic containers made outside the United States for cooking?"
The nurse teaches new mothers about research on pacifiers and breast-feeding. Which statement by a mother indicates an understanding of the instruction? "I have no problem giving a pacifier to a breast-feeding baby." "I offer a pacifier after each feeding to satisfy my baby's sucking needs." "There is significant research that indicates harm is associated with occasional pacifier use." "I do not give my baby a pacifier because I know it is associated with shorter breast-feeding duration."
"I do not give my baby a pacifier because I know it is associated with shorter breast-feeding duration."
Which statement, if made by a parent after attending a teaching session on initiating a toilet training program for toddlers, indicates a need for further teaching? "I take my child to the potty after a meal." "I offer praise when my child uses the potty." "I require my child to sit on the potty until she goes." "I have given my child underpants as a reward for using the potty."
"I require my child to sit on the potty until she goes."
A parent has brought her 6-month-old infant in for a well-child check. Which of her statements indicates a need for further teaching? "I can start giving her whole milk at about 12 months." "I can continue to breastfeed for another 6 months." "I've started giving her plenty of fruit juice as a way to increase her vitamin intake." "I can start giving her solid food now."
"I've started giving her plenty of fruit juice as a way to increase her vitamin intake."
What is the proper order by age progression for the stages of Freud's psychosexual development?1. Phallic 2. Latent 3. Oral 4. Genital 5. Anal 3, 5, 1, 4, 2 3, 5, 2, 1, 4 5, 3, 2, 1, 4 3, 5, 1, 2, 4
3, 5, 1, 2, 4
What is the expected order of gross-motor development beginning with the earliest skill?1. Move from prone to sitting unassisted 2. Sit down from standing position 3. Sit upright without support 4. Roll from abdomen to back 5. Can turn from side to back 5, 4, 2, 1, 3 5, 4, 1, 2, 3 5, 4, 3, 1, 2 4, 5, 1, 3, 2
5, 4, 3, 1, 2
During the 1-month well-baby visit, a pediatric nurse explains to the mother that she should expect to hear babbling in her infant by: 2 months. 4 months. 6 months. 9 months.
6 months.
A nurse is assessing an older adult brought to the emergency department following a fall and wrist fracture. She notes that the patient is very thin and unkempt, has a stage 3 pressure ulcer to her coccyx, and has old bruising to the extremities in addition to her new bruises from the fall. She defers all of the questions to her caregiver son who accompanied her to the hospital. The nurse's next step is to: Call social services to begin nursing home placement. Ask the son to step out of the room so she can complete her assessment. Call adult protective services because you suspect elder mistreatment. Assess patient's cognitive status.
Ask the son to step out of the room so she can complete her assessment.
According to Erikson, what is the developmental task of toddlers? Doubt Shame Autonomy Preoperational
Autonomy
A 71-year-old patient enters the emergency department after falling down stairs in the home. The nurse is conducting a fall history with the patient and his wife. They live in a one-level ranch home. He has had diabetes for over 15 years and experiences some numbness in his feet. He wears bifocal glasses. His blood pressure is stable at 130/70. The patient does not exercise regularly and states that he experiences weakness in his legs when climbing stairs. He is alert, oriented, and able to answer questions clearly. What are the fall risk factors for this patient? Select all that apply. a. Impaired vision b. Residence design c. Blood pressure d. Leg weakness e. Exercise history
a. Impaired vision d. Leg weakness e. Exercise history
Which of the following are examples of the conventional reasoning form of cognitive development? Select all that apply. a. A 35-year-old woman is speaking with you about her recent diagnosis of a chronic illness. She is concerned about her treatment options in relation to her ability to continue to care for her family. As she considers the options and alternatives, she incorporates information, her values, and emotions to decide which plan will be the best fit for her. b. A young father is considering whether or not to return to school for a graduate degree. He considers the impact the time commitment may have on the needs of his wife and infant son. c. A teenage girl is encouraged by her peers to engage in shoplifting. She decides not to join her peers in this activity because she is afraid of getting caught in the act. d. A single mother of two children is unhappy with her employer. She has been unable to secure alternate employment but decides to quit her current job.
a. A 35-year-old woman is speaking with you about her recent diagnosis of a chronic illness. She is concerned about her treatment options in relation to her ability to continue to care for her family. As she considers the options and alternatives, she incorporates information, her values, and emotions to decide which plan will be the best fit for her. b. A young father is considering whether or not to return to school for a graduate degree. He considers the impact the time commitment may have on the needs of his wife and infant son. Explanation: Adults recognize that there are various solutions to problems and that different situations demand different solutions. Decision making includes consideration of the potential impact of a situation on others. Avoiding punishment is a pre-conventional stage of reasoning.
Intimate partner violence (IPV) is linked to which of the following factors? Select all that apply. a. Alcohol abuse b. Marriage c. Pregnancy d. Unemployment e. Drug use
a. Alcohol abuse c. Pregnancy d. Unemployment e. Drug use
Which entities recommend that health practitioners within the United States use growth charts for children from birth to 24 months? (select two that apply) Select all that apply. a. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention b. World Health Organization c. The Joint Commission d. Healthy People 2020
a. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention b. World Health Organization
A school nurse is counseling an obese 10-year-old child. Which factors would be important to consider when planning an intervention to support the child's health? Select all that apply. a. Consider both the child and the family when addressing the issue. b. Consider the use of medications to suppress the appetite. c. First plan for weight loss through dieting and then add activity as tolerated. d. Plan food intake to allow for growth. e. Consider consulting a bariatric surgeon if other measures fail.
a. Consider both the child and the family when addressing the issue. d. Plan food intake to allow for growth.
Chronic illness (e.g., diabetes mellitus, hypertension, rheumatoid arthritis) may affect a person's roles and responsibilities during middle adulthood. When assessing the health-related knowledge base of both the middle-age patient with a chronic illness and his family, your assessment includes which of the following? Select all that apply. a. The medical course of the illness b. The prognosis for the patient c. Socioeconomic status d. Coping mechanisms of the patient and family e. The need for community and social services
a. The medical course of the illness b. The prognosis for the patient d. Coping mechanisms of the patient and family e. The need for community and social services Explanation When assessing the patient with a chronic illness, it is important that the nurse know how much the patient and his family knows about how the illness has progressed and the long-term prognosis for the patient. This includes understanding the patient and families' ability and readiness to accept the illness and the outlook for the patient. Understanding the coping mechanisms used by the patient and family will help the nurse determine how to proceed to teach and counsel the patient and family regarding his treatment regimen and whether or not there is a need and acceptance for community or social services to assist the patient and family.
A 45-year-old woman who is obese tells a nurse that she wants to lose weight. After conducting a thorough assessment, the nurse concludes that which of the following may be contributing factors to the woman's obesity? Select all that apply. a. The woman works in an executive position that is very demanding. b. The woman works out at the corporate gym at 5 am two mornings per week. c. The woman says that she has little time to prepare meals at home and eats out at least four nights a week. d. The woman says that she tries to eat "low-cholesterol" foods to help lose weight. e. The woman says that she vacations annually to reduce stress.
a. The woman works in an executive position that is very demanding. c. The woman says that she has little time to prepare meals at home and eats out at least four nights a week. d. The woman says that she tries to eat "low-cholesterol" foods to help lose weight.
The nurse offers interventions to parents to enhance toddlers' nutritional pattern by telling the parents to (select all that apply) Select all that apply. a. avoid foods that may cause choking. b. serve the toddlers' favorite foods when he or she refuses to eat. c. send the toddler to bed if he or she does not want to eat. d. do not use food to bribe, reward, or punish the toddler. e. serve small portions, and let the toddler ask for more. f. serve single foods as mixtures of foods.
a. avoid foods that may cause choking. d. do not use food to bribe, reward, or punish the toddler. e. serve small portions, and let the toddler ask for more.