NURS165 exam 5
the client has been prescribed an MAO inhibitor. as the nurse teaches the client about this medication, what foods will this client be instructed to avoid
aged cheeses and meats, concentrated yeast extracts, sauerkraut, and fava beans
a patient is receiving stoalol. which instruction would be most important for the nurse to provide to the patiet to ensure maximum effectiveness of the drug
be sure to take the drug on an empty stomach -sotalol is used to treat potentially life threatening arrhythmias
a client is experiencing urinary retention. the client has been prescribed terazosin. what condition contributes to the urinary retention
benign prostatic hypertrophy
a client with asthma is prescribed albuterol to dilate the bronchioles. the nurse understands that this drug is likely acting on which receptors
beta-2
the nurse knows that which class of drugs prevents epinephrine and norepinephrine from occupying receptor sites on the cell membrance
beta-adrenergic blocking drugs
a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing bronchoconstriction. when choosing interventions to address this problem, the nurse should aim to influence the clients autonomic nervous system by stimulating
beta-adrenergic receptors
a client with a longstanding diagnosis of depression is being treated with phenelzine. the client reports the recent use of some OTC flu and cold remedies and has consequently been admitted for observation and client teaching. what assessment should the nurse prioritize
blood pressure monitoring
which functions are controlled by the autonomic nervous system
blood pressure, digestion, heart rate, metabolism
what would be considered a peripheral anticholinergic effect of anticholinergic drug therapy
blurred vision
a nurse is caring for 70 year old patient who is undergoing anticholinergic drug therapy. the nurse should assess for which condition when caring for this elderly patient
confusion and disorientation
the client is taking cyclobenzaprine for muscle spams secondary to an injury to the lumbar spine that occurred while lifting a motor at work. the client is being seen for a follow up visit by the health care provider. the client reports dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. why is the client having these side effects from cyclobenzaprine
cyclobenzaprine produces an anticholinergic response
a client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is experiencing muscle spasticity. which drug would the nurse expect the physician to order
dantrolene
a client has been prescribed a beta blocker. the nurse knows that beta blockers can have which effect on the heart
decrease the HR
the nursing instructor is explaining the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in influencing body functions. which change in a patiens body functions would be directly related to the stimulation of the parasympathtic nervous system
decreased HR
the nursing instructor is explaining the roloe of the parasympathetic nervous system in influencing body funcitons. which change in a patients body functions would be directly related to the stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system
decreased HR
the nurse is caring for a client who is known to have deficient levels of dopamine because of a dietary lack of tyrosine. the nurse should expect to assess for evidence of
decreased adrenergic response
when there is stimulation of the SNS, blood is diverted away from the GI tract. what inidicates this diversion
decreased bowel sounds
when there is stimulation os the SNS, blood is diverted away from the GI tract. what indicates this diversion
decreased bowel sounds, sphincters are constricted, and bowel evacuation cannot occur
a 30 yo client is taking phenelzine 30mg po TID. the nurse knows that at that dosage, the client will need to be carefully monitored for which
dizziness -other adverse effects of this medication is constipation and dry mouth
one ofthe neurotransmitters can become decreased in the area of the corpus striatum. this results in the manifestations of parkinsons disease. which neurotransmitter will cause this
dopamine
antipsychotic drugs are basically
dopamine receptor blockers
a client with severe depression has been hospitalized, and the health care provider has ordered amitriptyline. what common adverse effect might this client have
dry mouth
adverse effects associated with antipsychotic drugs are related to the drugs effects on receptor sites and can include
dry mouth, hypotension, and glaucoma
when the client prescribed entacapone asks the nurse to describe exacly how this medication works, what response is most appropriate
entacapone inhibits COMT so that dopamine is active for a longer time
which herbs has been removed from most weight loss medications due to potential legal liability
ephedra -adverse reactions: hypertensions, irregular heart beat
an instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of students about adrenergic agonists. which would the nurse include as an alpha and beta adrenergic agonist
epinephrine
which would the nurse expect to be prescribed to a client experiencing acute bronchospasm
epinephrine
during ambulation after surgery, the skeletal muscle produces contraction. what receptor is located in motor nerves and skeletal muscle
nicotinic -when nicotinic receptos are activated by acetylcholine, the cell membrane depolarizes and produces muscle contraction
the body uses tyrosine in the diet to make what substance
norepinephrine
to be an adrenergic nerve, a nerve must contain all o the enzyme and building blocks necessary to produce what neurotransmitter?
norepinephrine
a client who has been receiving long term levodopa therapy tells the nurse "I was making good progress and then ti was like the drug stopped working" the nurse interprets this as whic hof the following
on-off phenomenon
a client is receiving levodopa as treatment for parkinsons disease. the nurse would instruct the client to avoid foods high in which vitamin to prevent a reduction in the effect of levodopa
pyridoxine (vitamin b6)
the nurse is reviewing information collected from the parent of a pediatric client who uses the adrenergic drug albuterol inhaler as prescribed for asthma. which information would the nurse suspect caused the client to have the extreme reaction to the adrenergic drug
received an OTC cold remedy -because phenylephrine is often found in OTC allergy/cold meds, parents need to be instructed to be careful
a male client routinely takes baclofen as a skeletal muscle relaxant for a neuromuscular disorder. his las lab results indicate that he is experiencing renal insuffieciency. based on this data, what would the nurse expect the health care provider to do
reduce the dose
which would a nurse identify as least likely to contribute to a decrease in the effectiveness of levodopa
st johns wort
a black box warning alerts health care providers to risks in young adults 18 to 24 years of age when taking antidepressant medications. which symptoms of concern should be included
statements of resignation and futility and a desire to die
which agent would a nurse likely identify as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor
fluvoxamine
the nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is taking rivastigmine. what precaution should the nurse teach the client and family to minimize the risk of adverse GI effects
having small, frequent meals
what would be a contraindication to the use of a non selective adrenergic blocker
heart block
therapeutic effect of benztropine
helps to reduce the severity of rigidity, akinesia, tremors, peripheral anticholinergic effects help to reduce drooling
a nurse is caring for a client in the critical care unit. phentolamine has been ordered for the management of tissue necrosis caused by extravasation of paraenterally administered drugs. before administering this drug, the nurse will check the clients chart for indications o
history of acute myocardial infarction
the nurse creates a nurses note after completing a brief physical assessment prior to sending the client for a surgical procedure. for which reason would the nurse question giving the client the preoperative medication atropine
history of glaucoma -possibility of increasing ocular pressure
a male client is prescribed an adrenergic ophthalmic medication. what should the nurse include in the teaching plan
hypertension may be a side effect of the medication
when diagramming the main nerve centers for the ANS, where would a student locate them?
hypothalamus, spinal cord, medulla
a client with MS is experiencing painful muscle spasticity and has been prescribed a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant. what should the nurse include in the clients plan of care
implement non-pharmacological pain relief measures as needed
a nurse in the ICU is caring for a client in shock and has started IV administration of dopamine. for a client in shock, dopamine helps to
increase blood pressure
a patient with dementia of alzheimers disease is administered donepezil HCL. what are the actions associated with cholinesterase inhibitors
increase in the level of acetylcholine in the CNS
what is the resulting physiologic effect when the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated
increased GI motility
what is the resulting physiologic effect when the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated
increased GI motility -PNS: decreased GI secretions, decreased HR, pupillary constriction
beta-1 receptor stimulation
increased HR
a nurse is caring for a client with depression. the client has been prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant. the nurse obtains the medical history of the client, which states that the client has also been receiving a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) for 2 weeks. which should the nurse identify as the possible effects of interaction between a tricyclic antidepressant and an MAOI
increased risk for hypertensive episodes, increased risk for severe convulsions, increased risk for hyperpyretic episodes
Dantrolene indications
malignant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, treats upper motor neuron spasticity in children, and muscle spasms associated with spinal cord injuries, stoke, MS, or cerebral palsy
a client who has been prescribed long term lithium therapy reports taking the medication only erratically since starting a new job. what assessments should the nurse prioritize?
manic behavior, mood swings
the nurse notes that a client is prescribed midodrine. which action should the nurse take before giving the client this medicaiton
measure orthostatc blood pressure -midodrine is an alpha-1 adrenergic agent used to treat orthostatic hypotension in clients
a nurse is caring for a client with urinary retention who is receiving cholinergic drug therapy. after administering the drug, which information would the nurse include in the ongoing assessment?
measuring and recording the fluid intake and output, monitoring voiding after drug administration, palpating the bladder to determine its size
the nurse is caring for a client with asthma who has been experiencing shortness of breath and who has been administered a medication to cause bronchodilation. what aspect of autonomic nervous function has the nurse most likely influenced
stimulation of beta adrenergic receptors
a client has begun to experience post op pain and the clients HR has increased from 72 beats per minute to 96 bpm. the nurse should attribute this change to the effect of
stimulation of beta1, receptors in the sympathetic nervous system
the nurse is providing medication education to a client prescribed an adrenergic blocker. which nervous system is the specific focus of this classification of medications
sympathetic
the adrenergic branch of the autonomic nervous system is also known by which name
sympathetic nervous system
the nures is teaching a client about safe use of adrenergic drugs. which statement should be included in the teaching
talk to your healthcare provider before taking any other medicaitons
the nurse is conducting an assessment of a newly admitted client. what ssessment finding should suggest to the nurse that the clients muscarinic cholinergic receptors are being stimulated
the client has "pinpoint" pupils
the nurse is conducting an asssessment of a newly admitted client. what assessment finding should suggest to the nure that the clients muscarinic cholinergic receptors are being stimulated
the client has pinpoint pupils
the nurse is assessing a client. what assessment finding is the clearest indicator of autonomic function
the clients RR is 22 BPM -autonomic NS functions to regulate respirations
a client has been prescribed a medication that antagonizes the beta receptos of the sympathetic nervous system. what assessment finding should the nurse attribute to the effects of this medication
the clients blood pressure is decreased
entacapone has been recently added to the medication regimen of a client with parkinsons disease. the nurse should recognize what is likely rationale for this change in medicaion regimen
the clietns sinemet was likely less effective than in the past
the nurse reviews information in a clients medication record before giving a newly prescribed medication. for which conditions would the nurse question giving the client a dose of a newly prescribed alpha adrenergic medication
type 2 diabetes, narrow angle glaucoma
the teaching priority for a diabetic male client being treated with a nonspecific beta blocker would be to
understand signs and symptoms of hypo- or hyperglycemic reaction
what instructions should a nurse include when teaching a client who has depression about the use of amitriptyline
use sugarless hard candies and gum to deal with dry mouth
baclofen therapeutic use
used to treat muscle spasticity for MS, spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy
norepinephirne is mainly:
an excitatory neurotransmitter that stimulates the brain to generalized increased activity
a nurse is caring for a patient who is having a sympathetic response. a sympathetic response involves
an increase in blood pressure, bronchi dilation, and decreased bowel sounds
the nurse is providing education to a client who has been prescribed an anticholinesterase drug. what caution would the nurse include in the teaching
anticholinsterase drugs should be taken with food or milk to decrease the risk of gastric distress and ulceration
a priority nursing assessment for a client who is to receive an alpha or beta adrenergic agonist would be to which action
assess heart rate
an older adult client diagnosed with parkinsons disease will soon begin treatment with levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone. prior to starting this course of treatment, the nurse must ensure the implementation of which intervention
assess renal function
when reviewing beta1 selective adrenergic blocking agents, which medication is found to be most often prescribed for clients diagnosed with hypertension
atenolol
nicotonic receptors are found in which area
autonomic basal ganglia
a patient is admitted to the emergency room after a car accident. based on the experience of the emergency room nurse, what system will affect a response to the emergency
autonomic nervous system
MAOI food restrictions
avoid foods high in tyramine (soy sauce) to prevent serious increases in BP and hypertensive crisis
a nurse is working with a client who is taking an MAOI. what would be the most important instruction to the client
avoid use of soy sauce in the diet -soy sauce contains high levels of tyramine which can be potentially fatal
which medication would the nurse expect to administer if prescribed to achieve skeletal muscle relaxation
baclofen
which skeletal muscle relaxant is also available in intrathecal form
baclofen
how long does a patient need to wait after stopping a phenelzine before starting paroxetine
14 days
the nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with both parkinsons disease and narrow angle glaucoma. what medication should cause the nurse concern
levodopa
which would be most important to monitor in a patient receiving carvedilol
liver function studies
the nervous system is closely linked with both the immune system and the endocrine system. what neurotransmitter is used by the preganglionic cells
acetylcholine
deactivation of norepinephrine (NE) occurs by breakdown of NE by which enzyme
COMT
when describing the parasympathetic nervous system to a group of students, which substance would the nursing instrutor discuss as being responsible for transmission of nerve impulses across this system
acetylcholine
muscle spasms are thought to arise from the flood of sensory impulses coming to the spinal cord from an injured area
true
Alzheimer's drug therapy effects
-Cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil) May cause sleepiness, dizziness, mood swings, and confusion. May also cause increased GI motility, diaphoresis, increased salivation, bradycardia, and urinary urgency
parkinson disease drug therapy adverse effects
-dopaminergics: CNS effects (anxiety, nervousness, flushing, sweating, photophobia, blurred vision, hypotension, arrhythmias, teratogenicity, retention) -anticholinergic agents: CNS effects (dizziness, confusion, memory loss, agitation, delirium, dry mouth, n/v, decreased GI motility) -adjunctive agents:
Anticholinergic agents & parkinsons disease
-oppose the effects of acetylcholine at receptor sites in the substancia nigra and the corpus striatum -ex: benztropine, diphenhydramine, and trihexyphenidyl -adverse effects: decreased GI motility, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision, and dilated pupils -when taken with other drugs that have anticholinergic properties (aka tricyclic antidepressants & phenzothiazines) there is a risk of potentially fatal paralytic ileus and increased risk of toxic psychoses
a client is receiving and SSRI. the nurse would inform the client that the full benefits of the drug may not occur for which time period
4 weeks
the nurse is caring for a client with premedication data as follows: blood pressure 88/40, HR 45, RR 12, BG 70, cardiac output 3.8. the nurse would predict which assessment findings after administering a sympathomimetic to the client
BP 100/60, BG 150, RR 20
a client with asthma is prescribed albuterol to dilate the bronchioles. the nurse understands that this drug is likely acting on which receptors
Beta-2 -bronchodilation occurs with stimulation of beta-2 receptor sites
Antiparkinsons medications
Dopaminergic medications: promote dopamine synthesis, activate dopamine receptors, prevent dopamine breakdown, promote dopamine release Ex: Levodopa/carbidopa, pramipexole, ropinirole, apomorpine, bromocriptine Used in combination with: COMT inhibitors to inhibit the metaboism of levodopa in the intestines (entacapone, tolcapone), MAO-B inhibitors (selegiline, rasagiline)
use of dopaminergic agents in parkinsons treatment
Ex: amantadine, levodopa, apomorphine, carbidopa-levodopa, pramipexole, ropinirole -does not cross the blood-brain barrier. the precursor of dopamine crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted into dopamine. used to increase the effects of dopamine at receptor sites, restoring the balance of neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia. adverse effects: increased HR, increased BP, decreased GI activity, urinary retention
a patient has just received carbachol. which statement indicates the patient understands the nurses teaching about this medication
I should expect the medication to decrease pressure in my eye
The nurse provides drug teaching to a client who has Parkinson's disease and who has been prescribed amantadine. How should the nurse describe the action of this drug?
It stimulates the natural release of dopamine
the nurse would contact the health care provider before administerin an adrenergic drug to a client who is also taking which drug
MAO inhibitor
Role of GABA and parkinsons disease
Parkinsons disease is characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. these symptoms have been related to an increased GABA inhibitory drive from globus pallidus onto the thalamus
when providing medication information to a prescribed a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), what herbal supplement should the client be cautioned to avoid
St. Johns wort -can increase the risk of developing a severe reaction including serotonin syndrome, and increased sensitivity to light
the nurse at an outpatient mental health unit is reviewing the black box warning that applies to clients who are taking antidepressants. to which of the nurses clients would the black box warning apply
a 14 yo client who has been diagnosed with major depression -black box warning to all antidepressants bringing attention to the increase in suicidality in children and adults when taking antidepressants
which patient should be advised by the nurse to avoid OTC cold and allergy preparations that contain phenylephrine
a 47 yo female with hypertension
which client, prescribed an adrenergic antagonist, will require the nurse to monitor closely for adverse reactions to the titrated dose?
a 70 year old diagnosed with primary hypertension -because older clients often also have renal or hepatic impairment they are more likely to have toxic levels of the drug related to changes in metabolism and excretion. the older client should be started on lower doses of the drugs and titrated upward
a RN who oversees the care in a large LTC facility cares for several clients with parkinsons disease. when reviewing the assessment findings from the practical nurses at the facility, what finding should the RN prioritize for follow up
a client who began taking a dopaminergic three days ago and who is uncharacteristically disoriented
the psychiatric mental health nurse is providing care for several clients. which client should the nurse monitor most closely for adverse medication effects
a client who has depression and who began taking phenelzine 15 mg PO tid last month
a male client has a history of hepatic dysfunction secondary to alcoholism. based on the clients diagnostic history, what would the nurse expect his health care provider to order
a lower dose of antidepressant
which client is most likely to benefit from the administration of an adrenergic agonist
a man who is in cardiogenic shock following a myocardial infarction
propranolol adverse effects
bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, AV block, orthostatic hypotension, rebound myocardium excitation, bronchoconstriction, glycogenolysis is inhibited. Avoid in clients who have asthma, clients who have diabetes mellitus are at an increased risk for harm from hypoglycemia because the process of converting glycogen into glucose is impaired monitor BG and HR
a nurse is preparing a presentation for a local group of emergency first responders about biological and chemical weapons. the nurse is describing the effects of exposure to nerve gas. what would the nurse include
bronchial constriction
which effect results from activation of beta2 receptors
bronchodilation
What can primrose do when taken with antidepressants
can increase the risk of seizure
a client wiht glaucoma is to recieve an opthalmic non-selective beta blocker. which agent would the nurse expect to be prescribed
carteolol
beta blockers have a variety of therapeutic uses. which agent is a beta blocker used for the treatment of heart failure
carvedilol -available only orally and is used to treat hypertension as well as congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction after an MI
a nurse observing a client receiving treatment with pyridostigmine for myasthenia gravis notices the client clenching the jaw, salivating excessively, and experiencing muscle weakness, rigidity, and spasm. the nurse interprets these as indicating which of the following
cholinergic crisis
a nurse is caring for a 49 yo who has been taking bethanechol for treatment of neurogenic bladder. after one week, the client develops sweating, heavy salivation, and bronchospasm. what would the nurse suspect is happening with this client
cholinergic crisis -overdoses of cholinergic agonists can lead to cholinergic crisis. Symptoms include: excessive stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system (excessive stimulation of sweating, salivation, gastric secretions, and respiratory secretions)
a group of students are reviewing information about tricyclic antidepressants and demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which drug as also being indicated for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder
clomipramine
the adrenergic receptors are categorized as alpha or beta. which action results from stimulation of alpha2 receptors
inhibited release of norepinephrine
which observation might indicate that timolol is achieving the desired effect in a client
intraocular pressure decreases
a client with spastic hypertonia resulting from cerebral palsy has not responded appreciable to oral baclofen. during the clients care conference, the nurse should anticipate a discussion about what possible treatment
intrathecal baclofen infusion
a nurse is educating a client who has parkinsons disease and family regarding possible adverse effects of carbidopa levodopa. the nurse emphasizes which should be a closely monitored effects
involuntary movements
what are chloriform movements
involuntary musculart twitching of the limb and facial muscles
signs and symptoms of parkinsons disease
lack of coordination, tremors, rigidity, weakness, difficulty maintaining posture, may develop bradykinesia (difficulties in performing intentional movments and extreme slowness)
a client got a cut on his hand while gardening one week ago and now shows signs and symptoms of tetanus. the nurse should anticipate the use of what medication
methocarbamol
nursing interventions of carisoprodol
monitor pt for potentially serious idiosyncratic reaciton, reduce dose with hepatic impairment, provide safety measures if CNS effects occur, drug may be habit forming so monitor pt
the nurse is teaching a new client who has been dianosed with parkinsons disease about levodopa. what should the nurse instruct the client to avoid using concurrently with L-dopa
multivitamn mineral preparations
the nurse administers a nicotonic receptor. what physiologic effects should the nurse expect
muscle contractions, release of norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla, signs and symptoms of a stress reaction
the nurse administers a nicotinic receptor. hat physiologic effect should the nurse expect
muscles contractions, release of norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla, signs and symptoms of a stress reaction
a pt has been prescribed methocarbamol for fibromyalgia. the nurse has spent an hour educating the patient on the use of methocarbamol for muscle pain. which statement by the patient indicates that the patient has an understanding of at least one of the significatn side effects of methocarbamol
my urine could be discolored while I take this drug
the nurse is caring for a client who received pilocarpine eye drops as treatment for glaucoma. which findings indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of this medication
nausea, flushing, bradycardia
alpha-2 stimulaiton
overstimulation of effector sites and moderate insulin release occurs
the nursing instructor is discussing cholinergic drugs. the nursing students understand what system is acted upon by this family of drugs
parasympathetic nervous system
a client with alzheimers disease is being treated with the medication exelon. the nurse knows that this drug is also used to treat which disorder
parkinsons disease
the nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a patient who is to receive a nonselective beta blocker. the nurse would make sure to address safety measures as a priority for the patient receiving
propranolol -crossess the blood brain barrier, so CNS effects happen
a client who has been on long term nonselective adrenergic blocking medication reports stopping all their medications a few days ago when they began feeling nauseated and starting vomiting. what nursing intervention will the nurse immediately implement to addresss the clients actions and assure their safety
perform a bedside ECG to assess for any arrhythmias - abruptly stoping nonselective adrenergic blocking drugs after long term therapy can result in MI, stroke, and arrhythmias related to an increased hypersensitivity
Serotonin & parkinsons disease
plays a large role in creating symptoms of parkinsons such as sleep problems, fatigue and anxiety
medication indicated for multiple sclerosis
prednisone
a client has been prescribed phenelzine sulfate. when providing teaching, which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid eating
salami
mental disorders are nowt thought to be caused by some inherent dysfunction within the brain that leads to abnormal thought processes and responses. they include
schizophrenia
the nurse is reviewing new medication orders for a client with severe muscles spasms. for which condition would the nurse question providing the client with a dose of baclofen
seizure disorder
haloperidol adverse effects
seizures, drowsiness, tardive dyskinesia, hypotension, tachycardia, QT prolongation, torsade de pointes, ventricular arrhythmia, blurred vision, dry mouth, weight gain, respiratory depression, photosensitivity
lithium toxicity can be dangerous. patient assessment to evaluate for appropriate lithium levels would look for
serum lithium levels <1.5 mEq/L
a client who was previously taking paroxetine is being switched to phenelzine due to a lack of response. the nurse would expect that the phenelzine will be started at which time
several weeks after stopping the paroxetine
why are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors considered the first line of drug therapy for patients with depression
the medications have fewer anticholinergic effects than alternatives -preferred over other tricyclic drugs and the MAOIs because they can be less damaging to the heart and have minimal anticholinergic and hypotensive effects. adverse effects: GI distress, headache, fatigue, insomnia, and sexual dysfunction
a client has been prescribed the nonselective beta adrenergic blocker, timolol for the treatment of open angle glaucoma. what instructions should the nurse provide to assure the effectiveness of the medication
the proper method for instilling eye drops
after teaching a group of students about the differences between the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system, the instructor determines that the students have understood the information when they state
the sympathetic nervous system preganglionic fibers are short, while those in the parasympathetic nervous system are long
a student asks the pharmacology instructor to explain the action of anticholinergic agents. what would be the instructors best response
they act to block the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system
what is norepinephrine used for
to treat shock and during cardiac arrest to promote sympathetic activity
what is metaraminol used for
treat shock if norepinephrine or dopamine cannot be used
what is dopamine used for
treatment of CHF
Alpha-1 receptor stimulation
vasoconstriction and increased peripheral vasucal resistance
a patient is receiving an antidepressant that helps to decrease addictive behavior. which drug most likely would prescribed
venlafaxine
which statement that a client and family make to the nurse regarding discharge instruction, indicates understanding about cholinergic medication for myasthenia gravis
we will adjust the clients dose based on symptoms, as we were taught here at the hospital, if the client has severe abdominal cramps or jaw clenching, we wont give the dose and will seek medical care
what is drug holiday
what would be used to address the clients situation where the drug is completely withdrawn for 5 to 14 days and then gradually restarted with a lower dose
a nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). what should the nurse ask the patient to avoid
yogurt