NURS165 exam 5

the client has been prescribed an MAO inhibitor. as the nurse teaches the client about this medication, what foods will this client be instructed to avoid

aged cheeses and meats, concentrated yeast extracts, sauerkraut, and fava beans

a patient is receiving stoalol. which instruction would be most important for the nurse to provide to the patiet to ensure maximum effectiveness of the drug

be sure to take the drug on an empty stomach -sotalol is used to treat potentially life threatening arrhythmias

a client is experiencing urinary retention. the client has been prescribed terazosin. what condition contributes to the urinary retention

benign prostatic hypertrophy

a client with asthma is prescribed albuterol to dilate the bronchioles. the nurse understands that this drug is likely acting on which receptors

beta-2

the nurse knows that which class of drugs prevents epinephrine and norepinephrine from occupying receptor sites on the cell membrance

beta-adrenergic blocking drugs

a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is experiencing bronchoconstriction. when choosing interventions to address this problem, the nurse should aim to influence the clients autonomic nervous system by stimulating

beta-adrenergic receptors

a client with a longstanding diagnosis of depression is being treated with phenelzine. the client reports the recent use of some OTC flu and cold remedies and has consequently been admitted for observation and client teaching. what assessment should the nurse prioritize

blood pressure monitoring

which functions are controlled by the autonomic nervous system

blood pressure, digestion, heart rate, metabolism

what would be considered a peripheral anticholinergic effect of anticholinergic drug therapy

blurred vision

a nurse is caring for 70 year old patient who is undergoing anticholinergic drug therapy. the nurse should assess for which condition when caring for this elderly patient

confusion and disorientation

the client is taking cyclobenzaprine for muscle spams secondary to an injury to the lumbar spine that occurred while lifting a motor at work. the client is being seen for a follow up visit by the health care provider. the client reports dry mouth, blurred vision, and constipation. why is the client having these side effects from cyclobenzaprine

cyclobenzaprine produces an anticholinergic response

a client with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is experiencing muscle spasticity. which drug would the nurse expect the physician to order

dantrolene

a client has been prescribed a beta blocker. the nurse knows that beta blockers can have which effect on the heart

decrease the HR

the nursing instructor is explaining the role of the parasympathetic nervous system in influencing body functions. which change in a patiens body functions would be directly related to the stimulation of the parasympathtic nervous system

decreased HR

the nursing instructor is explaining the roloe of the parasympathetic nervous system in influencing body funcitons. which change in a patients body functions would be directly related to the stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system

decreased HR

the nurse is caring for a client who is known to have deficient levels of dopamine because of a dietary lack of tyrosine. the nurse should expect to assess for evidence of

decreased adrenergic response

when there is stimulation of the SNS, blood is diverted away from the GI tract. what inidicates this diversion

decreased bowel sounds

when there is stimulation os the SNS, blood is diverted away from the GI tract. what indicates this diversion

decreased bowel sounds, sphincters are constricted, and bowel evacuation cannot occur

a 30 yo client is taking phenelzine 30mg po TID. the nurse knows that at that dosage, the client will need to be carefully monitored for which

dizziness -other adverse effects of this medication is constipation and dry mouth

one ofthe neurotransmitters can become decreased in the area of the corpus striatum. this results in the manifestations of parkinsons disease. which neurotransmitter will cause this

dopamine

antipsychotic drugs are basically

dopamine receptor blockers

a client with severe depression has been hospitalized, and the health care provider has ordered amitriptyline. what common adverse effect might this client have

dry mouth

adverse effects associated with antipsychotic drugs are related to the drugs effects on receptor sites and can include

dry mouth, hypotension, and glaucoma

when the client prescribed entacapone asks the nurse to describe exacly how this medication works, what response is most appropriate

entacapone inhibits COMT so that dopamine is active for a longer time

which herbs has been removed from most weight loss medications due to potential legal liability

ephedra -adverse reactions: hypertensions, irregular heart beat

an instructor is preparing a teaching plan for a group of students about adrenergic agonists. which would the nurse include as an alpha and beta adrenergic agonist

epinephrine

which would the nurse expect to be prescribed to a client experiencing acute bronchospasm

epinephrine

during ambulation after surgery, the skeletal muscle produces contraction. what receptor is located in motor nerves and skeletal muscle

nicotinic -when nicotinic receptos are activated by acetylcholine, the cell membrane depolarizes and produces muscle contraction

the body uses tyrosine in the diet to make what substance

norepinephrine

to be an adrenergic nerve, a nerve must contain all o the enzyme and building blocks necessary to produce what neurotransmitter?

norepinephrine

a client who has been receiving long term levodopa therapy tells the nurse "I was making good progress and then ti was like the drug stopped working" the nurse interprets this as whic hof the following

on-off phenomenon

a client is receiving levodopa as treatment for parkinsons disease. the nurse would instruct the client to avoid foods high in which vitamin to prevent a reduction in the effect of levodopa

pyridoxine (vitamin b6)

the nurse is reviewing information collected from the parent of a pediatric client who uses the adrenergic drug albuterol inhaler as prescribed for asthma. which information would the nurse suspect caused the client to have the extreme reaction to the adrenergic drug

received an OTC cold remedy -because phenylephrine is often found in OTC allergy/cold meds, parents need to be instructed to be careful

a male client routinely takes baclofen as a skeletal muscle relaxant for a neuromuscular disorder. his las lab results indicate that he is experiencing renal insuffieciency. based on this data, what would the nurse expect the health care provider to do

reduce the dose

which would a nurse identify as least likely to contribute to a decrease in the effectiveness of levodopa

st johns wort

a black box warning alerts health care providers to risks in young adults 18 to 24 years of age when taking antidepressant medications. which symptoms of concern should be included

statements of resignation and futility and a desire to die

which agent would a nurse likely identify as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor

fluvoxamine

the nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a client who is taking rivastigmine. what precaution should the nurse teach the client and family to minimize the risk of adverse GI effects

having small, frequent meals

what would be a contraindication to the use of a non selective adrenergic blocker

heart block

therapeutic effect of benztropine

helps to reduce the severity of rigidity, akinesia, tremors, peripheral anticholinergic effects help to reduce drooling

a nurse is caring for a client in the critical care unit. phentolamine has been ordered for the management of tissue necrosis caused by extravasation of paraenterally administered drugs. before administering this drug, the nurse will check the clients chart for indications o

history of acute myocardial infarction

the nurse creates a nurses note after completing a brief physical assessment prior to sending the client for a surgical procedure. for which reason would the nurse question giving the client the preoperative medication atropine

history of glaucoma -possibility of increasing ocular pressure

a male client is prescribed an adrenergic ophthalmic medication. what should the nurse include in the teaching plan

hypertension may be a side effect of the medication

when diagramming the main nerve centers for the ANS, where would a student locate them?

hypothalamus, spinal cord, medulla

a client with MS is experiencing painful muscle spasticity and has been prescribed a centrally acting skeletal muscle relaxant. what should the nurse include in the clients plan of care

implement non-pharmacological pain relief measures as needed

a nurse in the ICU is caring for a client in shock and has started IV administration of dopamine. for a client in shock, dopamine helps to

increase blood pressure

a patient with dementia of alzheimers disease is administered donepezil HCL. what are the actions associated with cholinesterase inhibitors

increase in the level of acetylcholine in the CNS

what is the resulting physiologic effect when the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated

increased GI motility

what is the resulting physiologic effect when the parasympathetic nervous system is stimulated

increased GI motility -PNS: decreased GI secretions, decreased HR, pupillary constriction

beta-1 receptor stimulation

increased HR

a nurse is caring for a client with depression. the client has been prescribed a tricyclic antidepressant. the nurse obtains the medical history of the client, which states that the client has also been receiving a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) for 2 weeks. which should the nurse identify as the possible effects of interaction between a tricyclic antidepressant and an MAOI

increased risk for hypertensive episodes, increased risk for severe convulsions, increased risk for hyperpyretic episodes

Dantrolene indications

malignant hyperthermia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, treats upper motor neuron spasticity in children, and muscle spasms associated with spinal cord injuries, stoke, MS, or cerebral palsy

a client who has been prescribed long term lithium therapy reports taking the medication only erratically since starting a new job. what assessments should the nurse prioritize?

manic behavior, mood swings

the nurse notes that a client is prescribed midodrine. which action should the nurse take before giving the client this medicaiton

measure orthostatc blood pressure -midodrine is an alpha-1 adrenergic agent used to treat orthostatic hypotension in clients

a nurse is caring for a client with urinary retention who is receiving cholinergic drug therapy. after administering the drug, which information would the nurse include in the ongoing assessment?

measuring and recording the fluid intake and output, monitoring voiding after drug administration, palpating the bladder to determine its size

the nurse is caring for a client with asthma who has been experiencing shortness of breath and who has been administered a medication to cause bronchodilation. what aspect of autonomic nervous function has the nurse most likely influenced

stimulation of beta adrenergic receptors

a client has begun to experience post op pain and the clients HR has increased from 72 beats per minute to 96 bpm. the nurse should attribute this change to the effect of

stimulation of beta1, receptors in the sympathetic nervous system

the nurse is providing medication education to a client prescribed an adrenergic blocker. which nervous system is the specific focus of this classification of medications

sympathetic

the adrenergic branch of the autonomic nervous system is also known by which name

sympathetic nervous system

the nures is teaching a client about safe use of adrenergic drugs. which statement should be included in the teaching

talk to your healthcare provider before taking any other medicaitons

the nurse is conducting an assessment of a newly admitted client. what ssessment finding should suggest to the nurse that the clients muscarinic cholinergic receptors are being stimulated

the client has "pinpoint" pupils

the nurse is conducting an asssessment of a newly admitted client. what assessment finding should suggest to the nure that the clients muscarinic cholinergic receptors are being stimulated

the client has pinpoint pupils

the nurse is assessing a client. what assessment finding is the clearest indicator of autonomic function

the clients RR is 22 BPM -autonomic NS functions to regulate respirations

a client has been prescribed a medication that antagonizes the beta receptos of the sympathetic nervous system. what assessment finding should the nurse attribute to the effects of this medication

the clients blood pressure is decreased

entacapone has been recently added to the medication regimen of a client with parkinsons disease. the nurse should recognize what is likely rationale for this change in medicaion regimen

the clietns sinemet was likely less effective than in the past

the nurse reviews information in a clients medication record before giving a newly prescribed medication. for which conditions would the nurse question giving the client a dose of a newly prescribed alpha adrenergic medication

type 2 diabetes, narrow angle glaucoma

the teaching priority for a diabetic male client being treated with a nonspecific beta blocker would be to

understand signs and symptoms of hypo- or hyperglycemic reaction

what instructions should a nurse include when teaching a client who has depression about the use of amitriptyline

use sugarless hard candies and gum to deal with dry mouth

baclofen therapeutic use

used to treat muscle spasticity for MS, spinal cord injury, cerebral palsy

norepinephirne is mainly:

an excitatory neurotransmitter that stimulates the brain to generalized increased activity

a nurse is caring for a patient who is having a sympathetic response. a sympathetic response involves

an increase in blood pressure, bronchi dilation, and decreased bowel sounds

the nurse is providing education to a client who has been prescribed an anticholinesterase drug. what caution would the nurse include in the teaching

anticholinsterase drugs should be taken with food or milk to decrease the risk of gastric distress and ulceration

a priority nursing assessment for a client who is to receive an alpha or beta adrenergic agonist would be to which action

assess heart rate

an older adult client diagnosed with parkinsons disease will soon begin treatment with levodopa, carbidopa, and entacapone. prior to starting this course of treatment, the nurse must ensure the implementation of which intervention

assess renal function

when reviewing beta1 selective adrenergic blocking agents, which medication is found to be most often prescribed for clients diagnosed with hypertension

atenolol

nicotonic receptors are found in which area

autonomic basal ganglia

a patient is admitted to the emergency room after a car accident. based on the experience of the emergency room nurse, what system will affect a response to the emergency

autonomic nervous system

MAOI food restrictions

avoid foods high in tyramine (soy sauce) to prevent serious increases in BP and hypertensive crisis

a nurse is working with a client who is taking an MAOI. what would be the most important instruction to the client

avoid use of soy sauce in the diet -soy sauce contains high levels of tyramine which can be potentially fatal

which medication would the nurse expect to administer if prescribed to achieve skeletal muscle relaxation

baclofen

which skeletal muscle relaxant is also available in intrathecal form

baclofen

how long does a patient need to wait after stopping a phenelzine before starting paroxetine

14 days

the nurse is caring for a client who has been diagnosed with both parkinsons disease and narrow angle glaucoma. what medication should cause the nurse concern

levodopa

which would be most important to monitor in a patient receiving carvedilol

liver function studies

the nervous system is closely linked with both the immune system and the endocrine system. what neurotransmitter is used by the preganglionic cells

acetylcholine

deactivation of norepinephrine (NE) occurs by breakdown of NE by which enzyme

COMT

when describing the parasympathetic nervous system to a group of students, which substance would the nursing instrutor discuss as being responsible for transmission of nerve impulses across this system

acetylcholine

muscle spasms are thought to arise from the flood of sensory impulses coming to the spinal cord from an injured area

true

Alzheimer's drug therapy effects

-Cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil) May cause sleepiness, dizziness, mood swings, and confusion. May also cause increased GI motility, diaphoresis, increased salivation, bradycardia, and urinary urgency

parkinson disease drug therapy adverse effects

-dopaminergics: CNS effects (anxiety, nervousness, flushing, sweating, photophobia, blurred vision, hypotension, arrhythmias, teratogenicity, retention) -anticholinergic agents: CNS effects (dizziness, confusion, memory loss, agitation, delirium, dry mouth, n/v, decreased GI motility) -adjunctive agents:

Anticholinergic agents & parkinsons disease

-oppose the effects of acetylcholine at receptor sites in the substancia nigra and the corpus striatum -ex: benztropine, diphenhydramine, and trihexyphenidyl -adverse effects: decreased GI motility, dry mouth, constipation, urinary retention, blurred vision, and dilated pupils -when taken with other drugs that have anticholinergic properties (aka tricyclic antidepressants & phenzothiazines) there is a risk of potentially fatal paralytic ileus and increased risk of toxic psychoses

a client is receiving and SSRI. the nurse would inform the client that the full benefits of the drug may not occur for which time period

4 weeks

the nurse is caring for a client with premedication data as follows: blood pressure 88/40, HR 45, RR 12, BG 70, cardiac output 3.8. the nurse would predict which assessment findings after administering a sympathomimetic to the client

BP 100/60, BG 150, RR 20

a client with asthma is prescribed albuterol to dilate the bronchioles. the nurse understands that this drug is likely acting on which receptors

Beta-2 -bronchodilation occurs with stimulation of beta-2 receptor sites

Antiparkinsons medications

Dopaminergic medications: promote dopamine synthesis, activate dopamine receptors, prevent dopamine breakdown, promote dopamine release Ex: Levodopa/carbidopa, pramipexole, ropinirole, apomorpine, bromocriptine Used in combination with: COMT inhibitors to inhibit the metaboism of levodopa in the intestines (entacapone, tolcapone), MAO-B inhibitors (selegiline, rasagiline)

use of dopaminergic agents in parkinsons treatment

Ex: amantadine, levodopa, apomorphine, carbidopa-levodopa, pramipexole, ropinirole -does not cross the blood-brain barrier. the precursor of dopamine crosses the blood-brain barrier and is converted into dopamine. used to increase the effects of dopamine at receptor sites, restoring the balance of neurotransmitters in the basal ganglia. adverse effects: increased HR, increased BP, decreased GI activity, urinary retention

a patient has just received carbachol. which statement indicates the patient understands the nurses teaching about this medication

I should expect the medication to decrease pressure in my eye

The nurse provides drug teaching to a client who has Parkinson's disease and who has been prescribed amantadine. How should the nurse describe the action of this drug?

It stimulates the natural release of dopamine

the nurse would contact the health care provider before administerin an adrenergic drug to a client who is also taking which drug

MAO inhibitor

Role of GABA and parkinsons disease

Parkinsons disease is characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. these symptoms have been related to an increased GABA inhibitory drive from globus pallidus onto the thalamus

when providing medication information to a prescribed a serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor (SNRI), what herbal supplement should the client be cautioned to avoid

St. Johns wort -can increase the risk of developing a severe reaction including serotonin syndrome, and increased sensitivity to light

the nurse at an outpatient mental health unit is reviewing the black box warning that applies to clients who are taking antidepressants. to which of the nurses clients would the black box warning apply

a 14 yo client who has been diagnosed with major depression -black box warning to all antidepressants bringing attention to the increase in suicidality in children and adults when taking antidepressants

which patient should be advised by the nurse to avoid OTC cold and allergy preparations that contain phenylephrine

a 47 yo female with hypertension

which client, prescribed an adrenergic antagonist, will require the nurse to monitor closely for adverse reactions to the titrated dose?

a 70 year old diagnosed with primary hypertension -because older clients often also have renal or hepatic impairment they are more likely to have toxic levels of the drug related to changes in metabolism and excretion. the older client should be started on lower doses of the drugs and titrated upward

a RN who oversees the care in a large LTC facility cares for several clients with parkinsons disease. when reviewing the assessment findings from the practical nurses at the facility, what finding should the RN prioritize for follow up

a client who began taking a dopaminergic three days ago and who is uncharacteristically disoriented

the psychiatric mental health nurse is providing care for several clients. which client should the nurse monitor most closely for adverse medication effects

a client who has depression and who began taking phenelzine 15 mg PO tid last month

a male client has a history of hepatic dysfunction secondary to alcoholism. based on the clients diagnostic history, what would the nurse expect his health care provider to order

a lower dose of antidepressant

which client is most likely to benefit from the administration of an adrenergic agonist

a man who is in cardiogenic shock following a myocardial infarction

propranolol adverse effects

bradycardia, decreased cardiac output, AV block, orthostatic hypotension, rebound myocardium excitation, bronchoconstriction, glycogenolysis is inhibited. Avoid in clients who have asthma, clients who have diabetes mellitus are at an increased risk for harm from hypoglycemia because the process of converting glycogen into glucose is impaired monitor BG and HR

a nurse is preparing a presentation for a local group of emergency first responders about biological and chemical weapons. the nurse is describing the effects of exposure to nerve gas. what would the nurse include

bronchial constriction

which effect results from activation of beta2 receptors

bronchodilation

What can primrose do when taken with antidepressants

can increase the risk of seizure

a client wiht glaucoma is to recieve an opthalmic non-selective beta blocker. which agent would the nurse expect to be prescribed

carteolol

beta blockers have a variety of therapeutic uses. which agent is a beta blocker used for the treatment of heart failure

carvedilol -available only orally and is used to treat hypertension as well as congestive heart failure and left ventricular dysfunction after an MI

a nurse observing a client receiving treatment with pyridostigmine for myasthenia gravis notices the client clenching the jaw, salivating excessively, and experiencing muscle weakness, rigidity, and spasm. the nurse interprets these as indicating which of the following

cholinergic crisis

a nurse is caring for a 49 yo who has been taking bethanechol for treatment of neurogenic bladder. after one week, the client develops sweating, heavy salivation, and bronchospasm. what would the nurse suspect is happening with this client

cholinergic crisis -overdoses of cholinergic agonists can lead to cholinergic crisis. Symptoms include: excessive stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system (excessive stimulation of sweating, salivation, gastric secretions, and respiratory secretions)

a group of students are reviewing information about tricyclic antidepressants and demonstrate understanding of the material when they identify which drug as also being indicated for the treatment of obsessive compulsive disorder

clomipramine

the adrenergic receptors are categorized as alpha or beta. which action results from stimulation of alpha2 receptors

inhibited release of norepinephrine

which observation might indicate that timolol is achieving the desired effect in a client

intraocular pressure decreases

a client with spastic hypertonia resulting from cerebral palsy has not responded appreciable to oral baclofen. during the clients care conference, the nurse should anticipate a discussion about what possible treatment

intrathecal baclofen infusion

a nurse is educating a client who has parkinsons disease and family regarding possible adverse effects of carbidopa levodopa. the nurse emphasizes which should be a closely monitored effects

involuntary movements

what are chloriform movements

involuntary musculart twitching of the limb and facial muscles

signs and symptoms of parkinsons disease

lack of coordination, tremors, rigidity, weakness, difficulty maintaining posture, may develop bradykinesia (difficulties in performing intentional movments and extreme slowness)

a client got a cut on his hand while gardening one week ago and now shows signs and symptoms of tetanus. the nurse should anticipate the use of what medication

methocarbamol

nursing interventions of carisoprodol

monitor pt for potentially serious idiosyncratic reaciton, reduce dose with hepatic impairment, provide safety measures if CNS effects occur, drug may be habit forming so monitor pt

the nurse is teaching a new client who has been dianosed with parkinsons disease about levodopa. what should the nurse instruct the client to avoid using concurrently with L-dopa

multivitamn mineral preparations

the nurse administers a nicotonic receptor. what physiologic effects should the nurse expect

muscle contractions, release of norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla, signs and symptoms of a stress reaction

the nurse administers a nicotinic receptor. hat physiologic effect should the nurse expect

muscles contractions, release of norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla, signs and symptoms of a stress reaction

a pt has been prescribed methocarbamol for fibromyalgia. the nurse has spent an hour educating the patient on the use of methocarbamol for muscle pain. which statement by the patient indicates that the patient has an understanding of at least one of the significatn side effects of methocarbamol

my urine could be discolored while I take this drug

the nurse is caring for a client who received pilocarpine eye drops as treatment for glaucoma. which findings indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing an adverse effect of this medication

nausea, flushing, bradycardia

alpha-2 stimulaiton

overstimulation of effector sites and moderate insulin release occurs

the nursing instructor is discussing cholinergic drugs. the nursing students understand what system is acted upon by this family of drugs

parasympathetic nervous system

a client with alzheimers disease is being treated with the medication exelon. the nurse knows that this drug is also used to treat which disorder

parkinsons disease

the nurse is preparing a teaching plan for a patient who is to receive a nonselective beta blocker. the nurse would make sure to address safety measures as a priority for the patient receiving

propranolol -crossess the blood brain barrier, so CNS effects happen

a client who has been on long term nonselective adrenergic blocking medication reports stopping all their medications a few days ago when they began feeling nauseated and starting vomiting. what nursing intervention will the nurse immediately implement to addresss the clients actions and assure their safety

perform a bedside ECG to assess for any arrhythmias - abruptly stoping nonselective adrenergic blocking drugs after long term therapy can result in MI, stroke, and arrhythmias related to an increased hypersensitivity

Serotonin & parkinsons disease

plays a large role in creating symptoms of parkinsons such as sleep problems, fatigue and anxiety

medication indicated for multiple sclerosis

prednisone

a client has been prescribed phenelzine sulfate. when providing teaching, which food should the nurse instruct the client to avoid eating

salami

mental disorders are nowt thought to be caused by some inherent dysfunction within the brain that leads to abnormal thought processes and responses. they include

schizophrenia

the nurse is reviewing new medication orders for a client with severe muscles spasms. for which condition would the nurse question providing the client with a dose of baclofen

seizure disorder

haloperidol adverse effects

seizures, drowsiness, tardive dyskinesia, hypotension, tachycardia, QT prolongation, torsade de pointes, ventricular arrhythmia, blurred vision, dry mouth, weight gain, respiratory depression, photosensitivity

lithium toxicity can be dangerous. patient assessment to evaluate for appropriate lithium levels would look for

serum lithium levels <1.5 mEq/L

a client who was previously taking paroxetine is being switched to phenelzine due to a lack of response. the nurse would expect that the phenelzine will be started at which time

several weeks after stopping the paroxetine

why are selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors considered the first line of drug therapy for patients with depression

the medications have fewer anticholinergic effects than alternatives -preferred over other tricyclic drugs and the MAOIs because they can be less damaging to the heart and have minimal anticholinergic and hypotensive effects. adverse effects: GI distress, headache, fatigue, insomnia, and sexual dysfunction

a client has been prescribed the nonselective beta adrenergic blocker, timolol for the treatment of open angle glaucoma. what instructions should the nurse provide to assure the effectiveness of the medication

the proper method for instilling eye drops

after teaching a group of students about the differences between the sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system, the instructor determines that the students have understood the information when they state

the sympathetic nervous system preganglionic fibers are short, while those in the parasympathetic nervous system are long

a student asks the pharmacology instructor to explain the action of anticholinergic agents. what would be the instructors best response

they act to block the effects of the parasympathetic nervous system

what is norepinephrine used for

to treat shock and during cardiac arrest to promote sympathetic activity

what is metaraminol used for

treat shock if norepinephrine or dopamine cannot be used

what is dopamine used for

treatment of CHF

Alpha-1 receptor stimulation

vasoconstriction and increased peripheral vasucal resistance

a patient is receiving an antidepressant that helps to decrease addictive behavior. which drug most likely would prescribed

venlafaxine

which statement that a client and family make to the nurse regarding discharge instruction, indicates understanding about cholinergic medication for myasthenia gravis

we will adjust the clients dose based on symptoms, as we were taught here at the hospital, if the client has severe abdominal cramps or jaw clenching, we wont give the dose and will seek medical care

what is drug holiday

what would be used to address the clients situation where the drug is completely withdrawn for 5 to 14 days and then gradually restarted with a lower dose

a nurse is caring for a patient who has been prescribed a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). what should the nurse ask the patient to avoid

yogurt