Nutrition ATI Adaptive Quizzes
A nurse is teaching about a low-cholesterol diet to a client who had a myocardial infarction. Which of the following meal selections by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching? A. Chicken breast and corn on the cob B. Shrimp and rice C. Cheese omelet and turkey bacon D. Liver and onions **Tip: Think of foods included in a HEART healthy diet. These patients want to reduce intake of saturated fats, sugar, and sodium.
A. Chicken breast and corn on the cob The nurse should identify that chicken breast is LOW IN CHOLESTEROL, and all vegetables, including corn, are CHOLESTEROL-FREE therefore, this food selection by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching. **Cholesterol is a type of FAT. High levels of cholesterol are to be avoided with heart disease** Incorrect Answers: B. Shrimp are HIGH in cholesterol and should be eaten in moderation; therefore, this food selection does not indicate an understanding of a low-cholesterol diet. C. Eggs and cheese are HIGH in cholesterol; therefore, this food selection does not indicate an understanding of a low-cholesterol diet. D. Liver and other organ meats are HIGH in cholesterol; therefore, this food selection does not indicate an understanding of a low-cholesterol diet.
A nurse is teaching a client who has lactose intolerance about dietary modifications. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend? A. Bread B. Soy cheese C. Luncheon meats D. Instant mashed potatoes
Correct Answer: B. Soy cheese The nurse should recommend lactose-free food items like soy cheese, soy yogurt, almond milk, and lactose-free milk. Incorrect Answers: A. Foods that might contain lactose include bread and breakfast cereals. C. Foods that might contain lactose include luncheon meats, margarine, and salad dressings. D. Foods that might contain lactose include instant mashed potatoes and instant soups.
A nurse is providing teaching about nutritious diets to a group of adult women. Which of the following statements should the nurse include? A. "Include at least 3 g of sodium in your daily diet." B. "Limit wine consumption to 230 mL daily." C. "Include 2.5 cups of vegetables in your daily diet." D. "Limit water intake to 1.5 L each day." **Tip... know your conversions.
Correct Answer: C. "Include 2.5 cups of vegetables in your daily diet." Nutritious diets contain a variety of foods to ensure the required daily allowance of nutrients is ingested. The nurse should instruct the women to include 2.5 cups of vegetables and 2 cups of fruit in their daily diets. Fruits and vegetables should be a variety of colors to provide an assortment of nutrients. Incorrect Answers: A. The nurse should instruct the women to consume sodium in moderation. The American Heart Association recommends consuming less than 2.5 g of sodium daily, and the adequate intake (AI) is 1.5 g. Excessive intake of sodium can lead to hypertension. B. Although certain alcoholic beverages, such as red wine, contain phytochemicals that can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease and offer anti-inflammatory properties, excessive intake can lead to a deficiency in other nutrients. The recommended amount of alcohol for women is a drink per day, which is equivalent to 350 mL (12 oz) of beer, 148 mL (5 oz) of wine, or 44 mL (1.5 oz) of hard alcohol that is over 80 proof. D. Water is an important component of a nutritious diet because it is necessary for the digestion, absorption, and transport of nutrients. The nurse should instruct these women to drink between 2 and 3 L of water daily to maintain homeostasis, based on client comorbidities, the climate, and the client's activity level.
A nurse is teaching a group of parents of toddlers about measures to reduce the risk of choking. Which of the following foods increase the risk of choking in toddlers? (Select all that apply.) A. Hot dogs B. Grapes C. Bagels D. Marshmallows E. Graham crackers
Correct Answers: A. Hot dogs B. Grapes C. Bagels D. Marshmallows Foods that are shaped like a TUBE, such as hot dogs and grapes, place toddlers at risk for choking because they can completely BLOCK THE THROAT when swallowed WHOLE due to their shape and solidity. Foods that are HARD TO CHEW, such as bagels and marshmallows, place toddlers at risk for choking; if swallowed before they are adequately chewed, they can block the airway. Incorrect Answer: E. ALL foods and fluids can potentially cause choking. However, graham crackers become SOFT QUICKLY when MIXED with SALIVA. Their consistency when wet is more like COOKED CEREAL or SOFT COOKIES SOAKED IN MILK. Therefore, graham crackers do not pose an increased choking hazard for toddlers.
A nurse is reviewing a client's 24 hr dietary recall. The client reports eating a slice of toasted white bread with butter, a banana, a glass of milk, and a cup of coffee for breakfast; grilled chicken, a baked potato, and a glass of milk for lunch; an apple and cheddar cheese for a snack; and 2 servings of chicken, 2 cups of steamed broccoli, and a glass of milk for dinner. This client's diet is deficient in which of the following food groups? A. Dairy B. Vegetables C. Fruits D. Grains **Tip: Add up all the food groups and look for the deficiency
This client only consumed 1 serving of grains on the day of the 24-hour dietary recall. USDA dietary guidelines recommend 3 or more ounce-equivalents of whole-grain products per day. Additionally, the choice of white bread is low in fiber, which can lead to constipation and an increased risk of developing hyperlipidemia. The USDA guidelines recommend that at least half of the grains consumed should be whole grain. Incorrect Answers: A. The client consumed 3 servings of dairy throughout the day, which is the recommended daily amount according to USDA dietary guidelines. B. The client consumed 2.5 cups or more of vegetables, which is the recommended daily amount according to USDA dietary guidelines. C. The client consumed 2 servings of fruit, which is the recommended daily amount according to USDA dietary guidelines.