Nutrition Chpt 1
How many calories are in a kilocalorie?
1,000
How many kilocalories are provided from a food containing 4 grams of protein?
16
what percentage of the body's total weight is water?
50-70%
If a peach supplies 60,000 calories, it supplies _______ kilocalories.
60 kcal
How many calories are in one serving of a hypothetical food containing 10 grams of carbohydrate, 5 grams of fat, and 3 grams of protein?
97 kcal
Which of the following foods would be considered nutrient dense? Coca-Cola Candy Bar Baked Potato Vegetarian Pizza
Baked Potato Vegetarian Pizza
Which vitamin has the role of maintaining collagen?
C
Which of the following foods is the most nutrient dense? Fat-free milk Coca-Cola Coffee
Fat-free milk
Where is the best place to receive expert advice on nutrition?
RDN
Who is responsible for revising the Health People Report every 10 years?
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services
Choose examples of biological and physiological factors that influence food choices. age ability to perceive external sensory information ability to perceive internal sensory information past experiences, cultural practices, and religion
age ability to perceive external sensory info ability to perceive internal sensory info
stimulant effect found in cocoa, coffee, and tea
alkaloids: caffeine
Which of the following foods is naturally a rich source of phytochemicals? margarine chicken tuna blueberries
blueberries
A small apple supplies approximately 40,000
calories
nutrients is NOT involved in cellular development?
carbs
orange, red, and yellow fruits and veggies that may reduce risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration
carotenoids: beta-carotene
How is a disease classified when a disease takes many years to develop and has complex causes?
chronic
Choosing foods based on religious teachings is an example of ________ factors influencing eating habits.
cognitive
A child that eats macaroni and cheese for lunch and then vomits 2 hours later learns to dislike macaroni and cheese even though the macaroni and cheese did not cause the vomiting. This is an example of _____ influencing food choices.
cognitive and psychological factors
Certain ______ diseases can be cured by eating specific nutrients, but diet is just one aspect that influences health.
deficiency
Calories are measured through a process known as ______.
direct calorimetry
A nutrient that must be supplied by food and cannot be made in sufficient quantities by the body is called a(n) ____________ nutrient
essential
Alpha-linolenic, folate, iron, and glucose are all
essential nutrients
True or false: Nutrient adequacy is the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally.
false
Choose the nutrients that are considered essential. glucose linoleic acid alanine, glutamine, glycine water
glucose linoleic acid water
leading cause of death in America in 2017
heart disease
Which of the following diseases would be considered chronic? heart disease influenza cancer
heart disease cancer
The heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1000 grams of water 1 degree Celsius.
kilocalorie
A nutritionally balanced diet with nutrient-dense foods should ________ empty-calorie items.
limit
Which lipids are considered essential?
linoleic acid alpha-linolenic acid
is a state of health that occurs when the body is improperly nourished.
malnutrition
The term used to describe the intake of a vitamin or mineral that greatly exceeds the recommended amount is a
megadose
nutrients that do not provide energy to the body
minerals vitamins water
the study of how the body utilizes nutrients
nutrition
compound in onions that may improve immune system functioning and reduce the risk of heart disease
organosulfides: isothiocyanates
antioxidant activities from fruits, vegetables, and red wine may inhibit cancer growth and reduce heart risk disease
phenolics: quercetin
What is the term for a compound made by plants but not considered a nutrient?
phyochemical
Lifestyle is a person's way of living that includes _____.
physical activity diet
a term used when discussing aspects such as heredity, lifestyle, and nutritional choices that contribute to the development of a disease.
risk factor
Nutrient-dense foods have little or no _____.
sodium refined starches added sugars solid fats
An essential nutrient must be supplied by food because ______.
the body does not make enough of the nutrient to meet its needs and the body does not make the nutrient
What type of training has a registered dietitian nutritionist (RDN) completed?
trained in dietetics college trained with extensive knowledge in foods/nutrition
True or false: A gram of protein contains 4 kilocalories.
true
True or false: Your lifestyle may increase or reduce your chance of developing a chronic disease.
true
Which of the following are most likely to be taken as a dietary supplement?
vitamin mineral amino acid herb
Which nutrient comprises the largest percentage of the body of a healthy man or woman?
water
most essential nutrient
water
Women have less ______________ than men, and more _________
water; protein fat
pain-relieving properties found in chili peppers
capasaicinoids: capasaicin
What term describes the amount of a nutrient that is within the range of safe intake and enables the body to function optimally?
physiological dose
All of the following are macronutrients except ______.
vitamins lipids protein carbs
A person can only survive a few days without...
water
The body gets nutrients from...
food
Select the steps that are required to become a registered dietitian nutritionist. -Complete a fellowship in clinical nutrition -Earn (at a minimum) a bachelor's degree in nutrition or dietetics -Complete extensive supervised practice hours -Pass a national registration exam
earn a bachelor's degree in nutrition or dietetics complete extensive supervised practice hours pass a national registration exam
The Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 allows manufacturers to classify nutrient supplements and herbal products as _____.
foods
functions of vitamin C.
produce scar tissue, maintains collagen, and holds cells of blood vessels together
used when measuring caloric content of a food through direct calorimetry.
bomb calorimeter
The heat energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 gram of water 1 degree Celsius.
calorie
Currently, the FDA ______ regulate dietary supplements as strictly as prescription medications.
does not
Most Americans purchase less than recommended amounts of
fruits
Which of the following foods is both energy and nutrient-dense? raw apples strawberries peanut butter spinach
peanut butter
The taste, smell, and texture of foods and the internal sensations of hunger and thirst are ______ factors that influence food selections.
biological and physiological
Poor eating habits contribute to the leading causes of death to Americans. The top two leading causes of death to Americans are _____.
heart disease and cancer
What term describes a food or beverage that has more vitamins and minerals in relation to its energy value?
nutrient dense
The Dietary Supplement and Health Education Act of 1994 states that
nutrient supplements are classified as foods
Nutrition is the scientific study of....
nutrients
the life-sustaining substances in food
nutrients
A substance, such as carbon and oxygen, that cannot be separated into simpler substances is a(n)
element
A food that contains a large percentage of its calories from sugar, fat, and/or alcohol in relation to its content of micronutrients is considered a(n)
empty-calorie food
Foods that contain a high water content tend to be low in ______.
energy
The amount of energy (kcal) a food provides per given weight (grams) of the food is called
energy density
Which nutrient provides the most energy per gram?
fat
Which of the following are considered macronutrients? fats carbs vitamins protein
fats carbs protein
Which of the following is NOT a way that manufacturers target consumers? utilizing means of media advertising product placement in the supermarkets organization of nutrition label info food packaging of product
organization of nutrition label info
Select the ways grocery stores market their products. positioning on shelves end of isle displays time of day products are placed on shelves selection of flooring material
positioning on shelves end of isle displays selection of flooring material
Macronutrients and alcohol supply the body with energy in the form of ______.
calories
