Nutrition Midterm Exam
Alfonzo likes to drink tomato juice. Yesterday he drank 1.5 cups of tomato juice which is equivalent to eating ___ of cooked green beans 1.5 cups 1 cup 1/2 cup 3 cups
1.5 cups
Although Sondra is allergic to raw fruit, she can consume cooked or canned forms of fruit. According to the USDA she can substitute _____ of canned orange juice for 1 small fresh orange. 4 cups 2 cups 1/2 cup 1 cup
1/2 cup
According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans people should limit their added sugars intake to less than _% of total daily calories 5 10 25 20
10
Sondra is allergic to raw fruit. When she eats fresh apples, for example, her lips soon begin to swell and feel like they've been burned. Although she can't eat fresh fruit, she can consume cooked, canned, or juiced forms of fruit. According to the USDA, she can substitute ___ of canned applesauce for 2 small fresh apples. 2 cups 1/2 cup 1 cup 4 cups
2 cups
Although Alfonzo doesn't like many kinds of vegetables, he is willing to eat large salads that are made with leafy greens with meals. According to the USDA, Alfonzo can count ____ as a serving of a vegetable. 3 cups raw leaf lettuce 1/2 cup raw romaine lettuce 1 cup raw kale 2 cups of raw spinach
2 cups of raw spinach
Ads for a popular over-the-counter cold remedy that contains vitamin C suggest that megadoses of the vitamin help prevent or minimize the effects of the common cold. If the label on the product's package states that each pill contains 2,000 mg of vitamin C, how many grams of vitamin C is in each pill? 2,000 grams of vitamin c 20 grams of vitamin c 200 grams of vitamin c 2 grams of vitamin c
2 grams of vitamin c
Jackson consumes an average of 2700 kcal/day. He would like to follow the recommendation concerning added sugars intake that is highlighted in the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Based on this information, Jackson should limit his added sugar intake to less than ____ kcal/day. 540 130 390 270
270
According to the nutrition facts panel on a box of granola bars a single bar provides 5 grams of fat 19 grams of carbohydrates and 7 grams of protein. After working out Carter ate 4 of the granola bars. Calculate the number kcal he consumed by eating the 4 bars 600 kcal 450 kcal 150 kcal 300 kcal
600 kcal
A scientist obtains a $200,000 grant from a group of soft drink manufacturers to design and conduct a study. According to the scientist results of his study proved that consuming up to 10 sugar-sweetened soft drinks/day doesn't increase the risk of any serious chronic health problems. Two years after these findings were published, another researcher tried to repeat the study. She determined that the scientist who conducted the original study ignored data from 66% of the subjects. This case is an example of research bias on the part of the scientist who accepted the grant from the soft drink manufacturers. True or False
True
Physicians generally recommend a special multivitamin and multimineral (MV/M) supplement for their pregnant patients. True or False
True
as a baby grows its body undergoes more anabolic metabolic activities than catabolic metabolic activities. True or false
True
which of the following substances isn't classified as a nutrient fat alcohol capsaicin caffeine water
alcohol capsaicin caffeine
Which of the following functions is not a role of the food and drug administration that involves food labeling? establishing health claims that food manufacturers are allowed to use on labels requiring packaging labels to include the packaged food's weight per container and food manufacturer's name and address permitting certain nutrient content claims on packaged food allowing a food manufacturer to claim that a food is nutrient dense because it provides 100 kcal or less per serving
allowing a food manufacturer to claim that a food is nutrient dense because it provides 100 kcal or less per serving
Insulin ____ releases glucose from cells breaks down glucose in the blood allows cells to take in glucose prevents cells from taking in glucose
allows cells to take in glucose
This semester, Darlene is taking an introductory microbiology class. During the laboratory component of the course, Darlene's instructor gives her a small sealed container with bacteria in it. The instructor tells Darlene to identify the kind of bacteria that's in the container. While performing tests on the bacterial sample, Darlene determines that the bacteria don't need air to survive. Based on this information, Darlene notes that the bacteria peristaltic anaerobic aerobic metabolic
anaerobic
Identify the three main components of a whole grain kernel
bran endosperm germ
Devin has type 2 diabetes. Compared to a healthy person, his blood sugar levels remain higher after a meal, because his ______. cells don't respond to the insulin that his pancreas releases body releases too much insulin kidneys release too much urine small intestine doesn't release digestive enzymes
cells don't respond to the insulin that his pancreas releases
choose the answer that best describes human cells: cells do not use energy when you are sleeping metabolism occurs outside the cell cells use nutrients from food to carry out their metabolic activity cells need food to survive
cells use nutrients from food to carry out their metabolic activity
While Eric was taking a nutrition class, he learned that the human body is organized into organ systems. His professor mentioned ____ is a primary function of the heart and blood vessels. circulating blood throughout the body exchanging oxygen and carbon monoxide maintaining energy balance enabling the body to move around and supporting the skeleton
circulating blood throughout the body
Tia experiences acid reflux from time to time. To help prevent bouts of acid reflux, Tia should take all of the following steps, except sit up for a few hours after eating drink milk and cream with meals avoid eating peppermint and chocolate drink less alcohol
drink milk and cream with meals
Which of the following factors doesn't increase a person's risk of a peptic ulcer? using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, regularly smoking cigarettes eating too many sugary foods Having Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria in the stomach
eating too many sugary foods
Proteins that help chemical reactions occur are enzymes hormones lipoproteins chylomicrons
enzymes
Which of the following digestive system structures are listed in the correct order for food/chyme to move through them? esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum mouth, esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine, liver Small intestine, stomach, esophagus, pancreas, large intestine Mouth, stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine, rectum
esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum
True statements about nutrients the body makes enough of the essential nutrients to meet its needs there are no signs and symptoms of a deficiency disease essential nutrients must be supplied by food to prevent a deficiency water is the most essential nutrient if the nutrient is missing from the diet, a deficiency disease will eventually develop the essential nutrients support normal body functions
essential nutrients must be supplied by food to prevent a deficiency water is the most essential nutrient if the nutrient is missing from the diet, a deficiency disease will eventually develop the essential nutrients support normal body functions
While Eric was taking a nutrition class, he learned that the human body is organized into organ systems. His professor mentioned ____ is a primary function of the lungs. exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide enabling the body to move around and supporting the skeleton circulating blood throughout the body maintaining fluid balance
exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide
A tissue is a collection of organs that have a closely related function. True or false
false
Abbey Farmer wants to raise dairy cattle, which would produce milk that can be certified and labeled as organic. If several of her cows develop a bacterial infection, she cold treat the animals with antibiotics, and the USDA would still allow the milk from those cows to be labeled as being organic. T or F?
false
Five year old Sheba fell into a pond. Because she couldn't swim, she began to drown. Within a few minutes, Sheba's older brother rescued his little sister and performed CPR. While she was underwater however, Sheba's brain didn't get any oxygen. As a result her brain was damaged because it formed to much ATP. True or false
false
Lactose intolerance is a form of milk allergy. True or false
false
Lucia usually puts her 7-month-old infant to bed with a baby bottle that contains an iron-fortified infant formula. This particular formula provides about 1g protein, 1g fat, and 2 g carbohydrate per ounce. Because Lucia's baby is consuming the formula at bedtime, the child has a high risk of developing gallstones. true or false
false
A healthy diet_____ should contain the same foods every day generally changes during different stages of life provides specific foods which are based on ones personality traits is the same regardless of whether a person is healthy or chronically ill
generally changes during different stages of life
Physicians may provide nutrition information to their patients. Nevertheless many physicians aren't nutrition experts because they are only required to take a basic food chemistry class during their first year of medical school only study the dietary aspects of herbal medicine while in medical school often fail to apply for a nutrition license generally don't take human nutrition courses while in medical school
generally don't take human nutrition courses while in medical school
The endocrine system has ____ that secrete hormones muscles glands vessels bones
glands
Individuals with Type 1 diabetes have cells that overproduce insulin have cells that don't produce insulin are allergic to insulin have cells that don't respond to insulin are unable to break down insulin properly
have cells that don't produce insulin
What are the top two leading causes of death in the United States that are associated with poor diet? diabetes and accidents heart disease and cancer Alzheimer's disease chronic lower respiratory infections and stroke cancer and kidney disease
heart disease and cancer
Brandon has untreated type 1 diabetes. His blood sugar level remains high after a meal because ________. his pancreas doesn't release insulin his body releases to much insulin his kidneys aren't working the protein is his cells are converted to glucose
his pancreas doesn't release insulin
In a healthy person, blood sugar levels ___ soon after eating. remain steady decrease and then increase rapidly increase decrease
increase
the treatment for type 1 diabetes always includes a high carbohydrate diet glucagon a low FODMAPs diet insulin
insulin
Darryl is a healthy 21-year-old. After he eats a meal, his beta cells release ______, which causes his blood glucose level to _______. amylase, increase insulin, increase insulin, decrease amylase, decrease
insulin, decrease
Over the past few months, Scott has experienced bouts of being constipated for several days, followed by having loose stools for a day or two. According to Scott's physician, a change in diet, such as consuming probiotics and avoiding FODMAPs, as well as getting psychological counseling and taking antidepressant medication might help relieve the problem. According to the doctor, Scott's condition is not likely to increase his risk of colorectal cancer. Based on this information, Scott probably has which of the following conditions? gallstones ulcerative colitis irritable bowel syndrome peptic ulcer
irritable bowel syndrome
commonly referred to as milk sugar ____ is comprised of a glucose and a galactose molecule lactose fructose maltose sucrose
lactose
Haruka is 18 years of age and has Asian ancestry. She doesn't drink milk because it "upsets her stomach," that is, she develops intestinal cramping and gas not long after she consumes the beverage. She can drink soy "milk" and eat yogurt and some hard cheeses. Based on this information, Haruka probably has _________. lactose intolerance milk allergy dairy related protein insufficiency milk antigen syndrome
lactose intolerance
Over the past few weeks, Corrie has been experiencing a dull pain in his stomach area when he hasn't eaten food in awhile. Recently he noticed his stools had changed from being normal to being black and "sticky" Based on this information Corrie probably has which of the following conditions irritable bowel syndrome constipation gallstones peptic ulcer
peptic ulcer
A group of scientists design a study to determine whether people who take vitamin d supplements regularly are less likely to develop colon cancer than people who don't take vitamin d. Match the term with the personal statement. Peer review treatment placebo scientific question population study single-blind study double-blind study I'm in a group of healthy people who are being studied for the next 10 years. As participants in the study, scientists have us complete surveys about our personal medical histories, environmental exposures, and dietary practices.
population study
Dietary Supplements are not products that increase the intake of vitamins and minerals products that can obtain an herb or other plant product products that are always helpful and are never harmful products that contain a wide variety of phytochemicals
products that are always helpful and are never harmful products that contain a wide variety of phytochemicals
Dietary supplements are: products that increase the intake of vitamins and minerals products that can obtain an herb or other plant product products that are always helpful and are never harmful products that contain a wide variety of phytochemicals
products that increase the intake of vitamins and minerals products that can obtain an herb or other plant product
Match the phytochemical description or food source with its phytochemical category Beta-carotene Caffeine Capsaicin isoflavoinoids quercetin
quercetin: substance in fruits, vegetables and red wine that inhibit cancer and reduce the risk of heart disease
Glucagon is a hormone that is secreted by your pancreas. Glucagon___ helps you feel satisfied after eating a meal or snack promotes glycogen storage in the liver raises blood glucose level to normal lowers your blood glucose level
raises blood glucose level to normal
Nelson is a college freshman living on his own for the first time. He eats out a lot at fast food restaurants and snacks on foods that are high in empty calories from the vending machines on campus. Nelson spends much of his time sitting in classes or working online. Lately he has been noticing symptoms of constipation. All of the following recommendations might help Nelson alleviate his constipation, EXCEPT drinking more fluids, especially water eating more whole grain breads and cereals going to the bathroom as soon as he feels the urge to have a bowel movement reducing his consumption of whole fruits and vegetables
reducing his consumption of whole fruits and vegetables
Emmy is obese and has a condition called fatty liver disease. To help her liver heal, Emmy needs the advice of a specially trained health care professional. Her physician recommended a...____So Emmy can learn more about a healthy diet and how to safely lose about 40 pounds. nutritionist who publishes a blog about natural ways to cure fatty liver disease nutritionist who paid $2500 to purchase an online college degree registered dietician nutritionist who counsels patients in a hospital clinic doctor who calls herself a nutrition expert
registered dietician nutritionist who counsels patients in a hospital clinic
While Eric was taking a nutrition class, he learned that the human body is organized into organ systems. His professor mentioned ____ is a primary function of skin exchanging oxygen and carbon monoxide regulating body temperature circulating blood throughout the body enabling the body to move around and supporting the skeleton
regulating body temperature
phytochemicals from food sources provide many healthful benefits. Match the phytochemical with its description Saponins anthocyanins capsaicin lutein resveratrol
resveratrol: May inhibit cancer growth; found in red wine, grapes and chocolate
the Carbohydrates in your diet can contribute to tooth decay by coating the teeth with protective dental plaque reducing your intake of fiber which is needed to strengthen your teeth increasing the density of your teeth serving as food for the acid-producing bacteria that live on your teeth and gums
serving as food for the acid-producing bacteria that live on your teeth and gums
Most nutrient absorption occurs in the esophagus small intestine large intestine stomach
small intestine
Ryan is taking nutrition class and learning about the digestive process. When he learned that after a meal, the contents of the stomach become very acidic, he wondered why the acid in the stomach doesn't digest the organ. Why doesn't the acid break down the stomach's lining and cause holes to form in the stomach's walls? The stomach produces bile, which neutralizes the acid in the stomach and protects it the stomach contracts during peristalsis which pushes the acid out of the stomach and protects it the stomach produces bacteria which denature the acid in the stomach and protect it the stomach is lined with a layer of mucus that protects it
the stomach is lined with a layer of mucus that protects it
consuming excessive amounts of refined carbohydrates can contribute to health problems because _____ cells use them to make dietary fiber, which isn't digested by the human intestinal tract cells can't burn them for energy so they're stored as fat they may not satisfy hunger so people feel hungry soon after eating them they supply more calories per gram than protein or fat
they may not satisfy hunger so people feel hungry soon after eating them
A group of scientists design a study to determine whether people who take vitamin d supplements regularly are less likely to develop colon cancer than people who don't take vitamin d. Match the term with the personal statement. Peer review treatment placebo scientific question population study single-blind study double-blind study In an earlier study involving laboratory rats, adding a vitamin d supplement to the animals' diet for 12 months reduced the risk of cancer in rodents.
treatment
Shari is a 6-year-old who loves to play soccer. Recently her parents noticed that she's been too tired to play. Also, she's thirsty all of the time and she's developed breath that smells like overripe bananas. Based on this information, Shari's parents should have their daughter tested for_____ lactose intolerance insulin allergy type 1 diabetes gestational diabetes
type 1 diabetes
A nutrition scientist would like to evaluate the typical American diet to determine whether it supplies adequate amounts of micronutrients. Based on this information, the researcher would determine the _____content of the diet. (check all that apply) vitamin E Potassium protein resveratrol fat
vitamin e potassium
Identify the class of nutrients involved in each of the major body functions carbohydrates proteins lipids vitamins
vitamins: regulation of body processes, maintenance of immune function
A physician should be contacted when___ an adult doesn't have a bowel movement daily vomit appears to have coffee grinds in it an adult has 2 bowel movements in a 24 hour period vomit has partially digested food in it
vomit appears to have coffee grinds in it
from the choices below, check all the statements that apply to the description of white flour. (check all that apply) white flour contains the germ portion of the wheat kernel white flour is a 100% whole grain product white flour consists of the endosperm part of the wheat kernel white flour is an example of a processed food white flour includes the bran portion of the wheat kernel
white flour consists of the endosperm part of the wheat kernel white flour is an example of a processed food
Match the common metric unit with its corresponding value 1 gram 1 milligram 1 kilogram 1 microgram
1 gram: 1000 milligrams 1 milligram: 1000 micrograms 1 kilogram: 1000 grams 1 microgram: 0.001 milligram
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) for carbohydrates is ____ g per day. The amount of carbohydrates is enough to prevent ___ 2000; type 2 diabetes 130; excess ketone formation 60; metabolic syndrome 175; attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
130; excess ketone formation
Roberta consumes an average of 1600kcal/day. She would like to follow the recommendation concerning added sugars intake that is highlighted in the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans. Based on this information, Roberta should limit her added sugar intake to less than ____ kcal/day. 160 320 80 220
160
According to the package label, a bottle of a sugar-sweetened soft drink contains 24 ounces, and each 8-ounce serving of the drink provides 70 kcal. While eating lunch, Jared consumed the contents of an entire bottle of the drink. Based on this information, how many total kcal of the drink did he consume? 140 calories 70 calories 210 calories 200 calories
210 calories
According to the 2015-2020 Dietary Guidelines for Americans people should limit their sodium intake to ___mg per day 4600 230 2300 460
2300
According to the package label, a bag of potato chips weighs 32 ounces and each 8-ounce serving of the chips provides 200 kcal. While eating lunch, Lori consumed the contents of an entire bag of the chips. Based on this information, how many total kcal of the chips did she consume? 510 kcal 1360 kcal 400 kcal 650 kcal
400 kcal
The type of domain used in a website's URL can tell you what type of organization is behind the information contained on that website. Match the type of domain with the information found on each website A nationally accredited university publishes highlights of a recent study about the effects of beef intake on risk of heart disease. The Department of health and Human Services promotes a campaign to increase calcium consumption among pre-teen girls a commercial website contains ads for gluten-free food products and supplements that are targeted for people who have intestinal problems A nationally recognized not for profit health association provides information about choosing healthful foods for diabetes management.
A nationally accredited university publishes highlights of a recent study about the effects of beef intake on risk of heart disease. (.edu) The Department of health and Human Services promotes a campaign to increase calcium consumption among pre-teen girls (.gov) a commercial website contains ads for gluten-free food products and supplements that are targeted for people who have intestinal problems (.com) A nationally recognized not for profit health association provides information about choosing healthful foods for diabetes management. (.org)
Match the phytochemical description or food source with its phytochemical category Beta-carotene Caffeine Sulfur containing compounds isoflavoinoids Resveratrol
Beta-Carotene: body can convert some of this phytochemical into vitmain a
Match the phytochemical description or food source with its phytochemical category Beta-carotene Caffeine Capsaicin isoflavoinoids quercetin
Beta-carotene: Substance in orange, red and yellow fruits and vegetables that may reduce the risk of certain cancers and macular degeneration.
_____ are small pouches that can form in the lining of the intestines, especially the large intestine. If these pouches trap bacteria and feces they can become infected or inflamed which can be very painful. Diverticula Hemorrhoids peptic ulcers gallstones
Diverticula
Which of the following roles is a food regulatory function of the FDA (check all that apply) Establishing structure/function claims that food manufacturers are allowed to use on labels testing dietary supplements to make sure the ingredient contents are the same as listed on the label analyzing dietary supplements' manufacturers to use specific labeling statements that claim their products cure certain diseases, especially cancer receiving and monitoring reports of negative side effects that resulted from the use of dietary supplements.
Establishing structure/function claims that food manufacturers are allowed to use on labels receiving and monitoring reports of negative side effects that resulted from the use of dietary supplements.
What feature is required on labels of dietary supplements? FDA disclaimer if the FDA has not reviewed a claim List of at least 2 places where the product was clinically tested Green "S" symbol that certifies the ingredients have been tested for safety Red checkmark that indicates the ingredients are pure
FDA disclaimer if the FDA has not reviewed a claim
Determine which foods have a high energy value and which foods and beverages have a low energy value relative to the foods weight (1 oz) Apples, oranges, strawberries carrots, celery and broccoli Margarine Salad Dressing doughnuts broth based soup fried foods tea nuts cheese air popped popcorn
Foods that are energy dense: nuts doughnuts fried foods margarine salad dressing cheese
Determine which foods have a high energy value and which foods and beverages have a low energy value relative to the foods weight (1 oz) Apples, oranges, strawberries carrots, celery and broccoli Margarine Salad Dressing doughnuts broth based soup fried foods tea nuts cheese air popped popcorn
Foods that are not energy dense apples, oranges, strawberries carrots, celery and broccoli broth based soup tea air popped popcorn
Theo developed a disease that caused thick mucus to form in his small intestine. How was he affected by this disease? His ability to digest and absorb nutrients was reduced he formed extra villi in his large intestine to complete the digestion of nutrients in chyme he absorbed abnormally large amounts of glucose, fat and potassium his stomach acid production increased, which helped break down the extra mucus in the small intestine.
His ability to digest and absorb nutrients was reduced
A nutrition anecdote is not the same as a testimonial. Which of the following descriptions is an example of a testimonial a friend says that she started taking chromium supplements after reading a magazine article about how the mineral speeds up weight loss In a tv commercial, a famous football player claims that a popular energy drink has helped him improve his energy levels your roommate mentions that taking a creatine supplement daily helps him to build muscle faster while working out your physician tells you to take a multivitamin daily because you've been sick
In a tv commercial, a famous football player claims that a popular energy drink has helped him improve his energy levels
Match the phytochemical description or food source with its phytochemical category Beta-carotene Caffeine Capsaicin isoflavoinoids quercetin
Isoflavoinoids: substance in soybeans with antioxidant activity that may inhibit cancer and reduce risk of heart disease
Match the phytochemical description or food source with its phytochemical category Beta-carotene Caffeine Sulfur containing compounds isoflavoinoids Resveratrol
Isoflavoinoids: substances in legumes that have antioxidant activity and may reduce the risk of heart disease
There are legal definitions for some common nutrient content claims. Match the type of food with the product that is allowed to have that nutrient claim on its package label. Low Calorie Candy: Low Fat popcorn: Reduced Fat Crackers: Provides 40 calories or less per serving Provides 3 grams or less of fat per serving Has less than 25% of the fat in the regular product
Low Calorie Candy: Provides 40 calories or less per serving Low Fat popcorn: Provides 3 grams or less of fat per serving Reduced Fat Crackers: Has less than 25% of the fat in the regular product
Determine whether each label is associated with macronutrients or micronutrients body needs 130 milligrams of nutrient per day the body needs 10 micrograms of the nutrient per day minerals the body needs 50 grams of the nutrient each day fat carbohydrate energy yielding nutrient non energy yielding nutrient protein vitamins
Micronutrients Body needs 130 milligrams of nutrient per day vitamins minerals non energy-yielding nutrient the body needs 10 micrograms of the nutrient per day
Determine whether each label is associated with macronutrients or micronutrients vitamins carbohydrate body needs 130 milligrams of nutrient per day non-yielding-energy nutrient fat minerals Body requires 130 grams of the nutrient each day Energy yielding nutrient
Micronutrients: Body needs 130 milligrams of nutrient per day non-yielding-energy nutrient vitamins minerals
Undernutrition and overnutrition are both problems in the United States. Which of the following statements is false? Overnutrition is less common in the United States than undernutrition is. Overnutrition is a type of malnutrition Overnutrition can be caused by long term excessive energy intake overnutrition is characterized by obesity
Overnutrition is less common in the United States than undernutrition is.
A group of scientists design a study to determine whether older adults with memory loss may benefit from taking fish oil supplements. Complete the sentences by dragging the term to it's appropriate blank. treatment control scientific data subjects observation double-blind dietary supplement placebos single-blind People report that taking fish oil supplements improves their memory. This is an example of______ A scientist presents the following _____ question: "Does taking fish oil supplements improve memory? To study this possibility, the scientist uses two groups of people who are over 75 years of age and have mild memory loss. The ____ group receives 100 pills that contain fish oil. The ___ group receives similar pills that don't contain any active ingredients. These fake pills are called_____.
People report that taking fish oil supplements improves their memory. This is an example of______ (observation) A scientist presents the following _____ question: "Does taking fish oil supplements improve memory? (scientific) To study this possibility, the scientist uses two groups of people who are over 75 years of age and have mild memory loss. The ____ (treatment) group receives 100 pills that contain fish oil. The ___ (control) group receives similar pills that don't contain any active ingredients. These fake pills are called_____. (placebos)
Linda just finished taking the antibiotics prescribed by her physician to treat a bacterial infection. why would you recommend that Linda use a dietary supplement or food that contains probiotics? Probiotics in foods have been scientifically proven to reduce the risk of stomach cancer, especially after a person has been taking antibiotics Probiotics may help restore the healthy balance of bacteria in her intestines Probiotics are a rich source of key beneficial nutrients, such as fiber and vitamin k, which support her glandular system the dietary supplements that contain probiotics help prevent the development of gallstones which can block her small intestine.
Probiotics may help restore the healthy balance of bacteria in her intestines
phytochemicals from food sources provide many healthful benefits. Match the phytochemical with its description Saponins anthocyanins capsaicin lutein resveratrol
Saponins: May kill certain microbes; found in garlic
Which federal US agency enforces consumer protection laws and investigates complaints about false or misleading health claims that are used in advertising? The dept of health and human services (HHS) The federal trade commission (FTC) Food and Drug Admin. (FDA) The environmental protection agency (EPA)
The Federal Trade Commission (FTC)
There are a number of red flags for identifying nutrition-related misinformation. match the claim to the appropriate red flag. Disclaimers Money-back guarantees testimonial promises of quick and easy health remedies too good to be true
Too good to be true: Razz-berry Ketones diet pills will suppress your appetite, help you burn fat, and increase your metabolism. Melt away fat without diet and exercise! Try it today!
Recently Belinda reported having stomach cramps and pain and being unusually tired and weak. Additionally, Belinda reported feeling nauseous so frequently, she didn't want to eat much food. After she lost 20 pounds within 4 months, she decided to see her physician. According to the physician, Belinda's medical tests indicated that she has blood in her stool and is anemic. According to the doctor, Belinda's condition is a form of inflammatory bowel disease that can increase her risk of colorectal cancer. Based on this information Belinda should undergo further testing to see if she has which of the following conditions Ulcerative Colitis Gallstones Irritable Bowel syndrome Swollen hemorrhoids
Ulcerative Colitis
This semester, Darlene is taking an introductory microbiology class. During the laboratory component of the course, Darlene's instructor gives her a small sealed container with bacteria in it. The instructor tells Darlene to identify the kind of bacteria that's in the container. While performing tests on the bacterial sample, Darlene determines that the bacteria does need air to survive. Based on this information, Darlene notes that the bacteria metabolic aerobic peristaltic anaerobic
aerobic
Skylar's gallbladder doesn't function properly. As a result of this disorder, which of the following foods does he have trouble digesting? fat free yogurt sugar sweetened cola beverage strawberries butter
butter
phytochemicals from food sources provide many healthful benefits. Match the phytochemical with its description Saponins anthocyanins capsaicin lutein resveratrol
capsaicin: May provide pain relief; found in chili peppers
Identify the class of nutrients involved in each of the major body functions carbohydrates proteins lipids vitamins
carbohydrates: source of energy (most forms)
____ refers to metabolic processes that break down larger substances into smaller ones anaerobic metabolism catabolism aerobic metabolism anabolism
catabolism
Which of the following responses lists the human body's organization from smallest functioning structure to largest functioning structure organism, tissue, organ system, organ, cell tissue, organism, organ system, cell, organ organ, cell, organ system, organism, tissue cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
cell, tissue, organ, organ system, organism
Wyatt is a healthy 23-year-old graduate student. When Wyatt hasn't eaten for a few hours, his blood glucose level ____ and he begins to feel hungry. decreases increases doesn't change, but his ketone bodies decrease increases, then rapidly decreases
decreases
Match the term to its definition diet lifestyle nutrients nutrition risk factor
diet: usual pattern of food choices lifestyle: includes diet, physical activity habits, use of tobacco and alcohol and other typical patterns of behavior nutrients: life sustaining chemicals in food that are necessary for proper body functioning nutrition: study of nutrients and how the body uses these substances risk factor: personal characteristic that increases a person's chance of developing a disease
Individuals with type 1 diabetes have cells that____ doesn't respond to insulin normally make too much insulin break down insulin to slowly don't produce insulin
don't produce insulin
Individuals with type 2 diabetes have cells that___ are allergic to insulin don't respond normally to insulin produce too much insulin break down insulin to slowly
don't respond normally to insulin
A group of scientists design a study to determine whether people who take vitamin d supplements regularly are less likely to develop colon cancer than people who don't take vitamin d. Match the term with the personal statement. Peer review treatment placebo scientific question population study single-blind study double-blind study I'm a subject in this study. I can't tell if I'm in the control group or the treatment group, and the researchers also don't know which group I'm in.
double-blind study
all of the following are lifestyle risk factors for chronic diseases except excessive alcohol consumption poor dietary choices cigarette smoking physical inactivity family history of the chronic disease
family history of the chronic disease
If your diet doesn't provide an adequate amount of carbohydrate, your body alters its metabolism of other nutrients to meet your energy needs. Insufficient dietary carbohydrate can lead to elevated levels of ketone bodies in the bloodstream. Ketone bodies result from the partial breakdown of _____. protein calcium fat fiber vitamin d
fat
According to the latest version of the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, ____ is a nutrient of public health concern because many Americans don't consume enough of it lactose fiber refined starch sugar
fiber
Which of the following personal characteristics is highly likely to influence a person's food choices (check all that apply) financial situation ability to prepare foods number of teeth blood type
financial situation ability to prepare foods number of teeth
Which of the following foods is an example of a "fortified" food fresh fat-free milk that has vitamins A and d added to it apple juice that has been heat treated to preserve it frozen orange juice concentrate that has water added to it refined white flour that has iron added to it
fresh fat-free milk that has vitamins A and d added to it
A nutrient content claim describes levels of nutrients in packaged foods the relationship between a food or a food ingredient and the reduced risk of a nutrition-related condition roles a nutrient plays in maintaining a structure of the body the health benefits of a food
levels of nutrients in packaged foods
Identify the class of nutrients involved in each of the major body functions carbohydrates proteins lipids vitamins
lipids: source of energy, absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, cellular development
phytochemicals from food sources provide many healthful benefits. Match the phytochemical with its description Saponins anthocyanins capsaicin lutein resveratrol
lutein: may reduce risk of macular degeneration, found in egg yolks
While Eric was taking a nutrition class, he learned that the human body is organized into organ systems. His professor mentioned ____ is a primary function of the kidneys. defending against infectious agents exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide circulating blood through the body maintaining fluid balance
maintaining fluid balance
Which of the following substances is a disaccharide that contains 2 glucose units fructose maltose lactose sucrose
maltose
Various tissues that function together in a related fashion form microorganisms organs diverticula cells
organs
After eating a meal, a healthy person's ___ nerves make glucose pancreas releases insulin liver metabolizes dietary fiber kidneys eliminate proteins
pancreas releases insulin
Waves of muscular activity help propel food material through the digestive tract. This muscular action is called chemical digestion aerobic digestion segmentation peristalsis
peristalsis
According to scientific research, certain antioxidants may ___. (check all that apply) reduce the risk of heart disease protect cells from harmful environmental factors increase the risk of inherited disorders stimulate iron and potassium production cure cases of food poisoning
reduce the risk of heart disease protect cells from harmful environmental factors
Dewayne is a 22 year old obese college student with Asian ancestry, who smokes cigarettes, doesn't drink alcohol, and doesn't like to eat fruits and vegetables. Which of the following characteristics increases Dwayne's risk of chronic diseases later in life? Check all that apply. Having Asian ancestry Smoking Being obese Being a 22 year old college student Avoiding alcohol
smoking being obese
Hydrochloric acid is secreted in the ___ esophagus stomach small intestine large intestine
stomach
False statement about nutrients: the body makes enough of the essential nutrients to meet its needs there are no signs and symptoms of a deficiency disease essential nutrients must be supplied by food to prevent a deficiency water is the most essential nutrient if the nutrient is missing from the diet, a deficiency disease will eventually develop the essential nutrients support normal body functions
the body makes enough of the essential nutrients to meet its needs there are no signs and symptoms of a deficiency disease
Match the phytochemical description or food source with its phytochemical category Beta-carotene Caffeine Capsaicin isoflavoinoids quercetin
Caffeine: Substance that has a stimulant effect that's in cocoa, coffee, and tea
Match the phytochemical description or food source with its phytochemical category Beta-carotene Caffeine Sulfur containing compounds isoflavoinoids Resveratrol
Caffeine:Stimulant in cocoa, coffee and tea
A group of scientists design a study to determine whether people who take vitamin d supplements regularly are less likely to develop colon cancer than people who don't take vitamin d. Match the term with the personal statement. Peer review treatment placebo scientific question population study single-blind study double-blind study Scientists think that taking Vitamin D supplements regularly is an effective way to reduce the risk of colon cancer.
Scientific Question
Match the term with its definition anecdote First Amendment: Scare tactics testimonial
anecdote: report of personal experiences First Amendment: allows people to provide nutrition information that is not true Scare tactics: inspire mistrust in medical professionals testimonial: a personal endorsement of a product
phytochemicals from food sources provide many healthful benefits. Match the phytochemical with its description Saponins anthocyanins capsaicin lutein resveratrol
anthocyanins: Antioxidant activity; found in red, blue and purple fruits and vegetables
Organic farming refers to certain agricultural methods that are different than conventional farming methods. Which of the following substances are not permitted to be used for growing or raising certified 100% organic foods (check all that apply) synthetic fertilizers rainwater eroded rocks animal solid waste antibiotics
antibiotics synthetic fertilizers
Sharia is a 24 year old college student with white ancestry. Sharia doesn't smoke cigarettes, eats nuts and whole grains, drinks alcohol and she doesn't like to consume vegetables. Which of the following characteristics increases sharia's risk of chronic diseases later in life? Having white ancestry Avoiding Tobacco use Eating nuts Being a 24 year old college student Avoiding vegetables drinking alcohol
avoiding vegetables drinking alcohol
All of the following are major factors that increase the risk of peptic ulcers, except having a stomach that is infected with the Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) bacteria using nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin, regularly consuming a lot of alcohol regularly being in a stressful job
being in a stressful job
Match the phytochemical description or food source with its phytochemical category Beta-carotene Caffeine Capsaicin isoflavoinoids quercetin
Capsaicin: Substance with pain relieving properties found in chili peppers
The scientific method can be applied to your personal life. Organize the components of Connor's self-experiment as they relate to the order of typical steps of the scientific method. Connor suspected that there's something in yogurt that helps maintain regular bowel movements Connor decided that eating yogurt daily helped keep his bowel movements on a daily schedule Connor noticed that when he eats at least one serving of yogurt every day he has more regular bowel movements than when he doesn't eat yogurt regularly. to test his idea Connor avoided eating yogurt for one week, he recorded the number of bowel movements he had during that week. Then connor ate yogurt daily for a week and continued to record the number of bowel movements that he had during the week. Connor reviewed his records and noticed he had two bowel movements during the week he avoided yogurt and seven bowel movements the week that he ate yogurt.
Connor noticed that when he eats at least one serving of yogurt every day he has more regular bowel movements than when he doesn't eat yogurt regularly. Connor suspected that there's something in yogurt that helps maintain regular bowel movements to test his idea Connor avoided eating yogurt for one week, he recorded the number of bowel movements he had during that week. Then connor ate yogurt daily for a week and continued to record the number of bowel movements that he had during the week Connor reviewed his records and noticed he had two bowel movements during the week he avoided yogurt and seven bowel movements the week that he ate yogurt. Connor decided that eating yogurt daily helped keep his bowel movements on a daily schedule
There are a number of red flags for identifying nutrition-related misinformation. match the claim to the appropriate red flag. Disclaimers Money-back guarantees testimonial promises of quick and easy health remedies too good to be true
Disclaimers: The super cleanse diet system has a unique blend of herbs and probiotics that gently detoxifies your body's impurities. This new cleansing system also relieves gut sluggishness and improves intestinal tone. These statements have not been evaluated by the FDA.
The scientific method can be applied to your personal life. Organize the components of Luisa's self-experiment as they relate to the order of typical steps of the scientific method. Luisa tells her physician about her experiment and he agrees she is probably lactose intolerant. Luisa guesses that her abdominal upsets are caused by her inability to digest lactose, a type of carbohydrate that is milk and some other dairy products. Luisa reviews her records and determines that during the week in which she did not drink milk or eat foods that contained milk, she did not experience abdominal discomfort Luisa notes that her stomach (abdomen) hurts after she drinks milk, and she wonders why Luisa does a one week trial in which she eliminates all milk and foods that contain milk from her diet and she records whenever her stomach is upset.
Luisa notes that her stomach (abdomen) hurts after she drinks milk, and she wonders why Luisa guesses that her abdominal upsets are caused by her inability to digest lactose, a type of carbohydrate that is milk and some other dairy products. Luisa does a one week trial in which she eliminates all milk and foods that contain milk from her diet and she records whenever her stomach is upset. Luisa reviews her records and determines that during the week in which she did not drink milk or eat foods that contained milk, she did not experience abdominal discomfort Luisa tells her physician about her experiment and he agrees she is probably lactose intolerant.
Determine whether each label is associated with macronutrients or micronutrients vitamins carbohydrate body needs 130 milligrams of nutrient per day non-yielding-energy nutrient fat minerals Body requires 130 grams of the nutrient each day Energy yielding nutrient
Macronutrient: Body requires 130 grams of the nutrient each day carbohydrate fat energy yielding nutrient
Determine whether each label is associated with macronutrients or micronutrients body needs 130 milligrams of nutrient per day the body needs 10 micrograms of the nutrient per day minerals the body needs 50 grams of the nutrient each day fat carbohydrate energy yielding nutrient non energy yielding nutrient protein vitamins
Macronutrients energy-yielding nutrient the body needs 50 grams of the nutrient each day carbohydrate fat protein
There are a number of red flags for identifying nutrition-related misinformation. match the claim to the appropriate red flag. Disclaimers Money-back guarantees testimonial promises of quick and easy health remedies too good to be true
Money back guarantees Arginne XXX will pump up muscles and rev up your workouts. For a limited time only $49.99 for a 30 day supply. No Risk! If you're not satisfied with the results, just return the bottle to receive a full refund.
Based on the information that is provided in the description, determine whether the source provides reliable nutrition A website that's url is www.eatright.org A peer reviewed article from the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Information at www.diabetes.org that discusses blood glucose testing Website that promotes and sells caffeine pills to prevent exhaustion during physical workouts
Non reliable source of nutrition information: Website that promotes and sells caffeine pills to prevent exhaustion during physical workouts
Based on the information that is provided in the description, determine whether the source provides reliable nutrition A nutrition blog about dietary fiber that has the health on the net symbol at the bottom of the website's main page A review about taking ginger to treat nausea that's at https://ods.od.nih.gov a pop-up ad for melatonin that promotes "safe sleep" appears on the main page of melatoninforgreatsleep.com A website that offers subscriptions for monthly supplies of a weight loss formula that accepts major credit cards
Non reliable source of nutrition information: a pop-up ad for melatonin that promotes "safe sleep" appears on the main page of melatoninforgreatsleep.com A website that offers subscriptions for monthly supplies of a weight loss formula that accepts major credit cards
A group of scientists design a study to determine whether people who take vitamin d supplements regularly are less likely to develop colon cancer than people who don't take vitamin d. Match the term with the personal statement. Peer review treatment placebo scientific question population study single-blind study double-blind study I'm a subject in this study, but I think the experimental pill that the researchers gave to me to take each day doesn't contain anything that reduces my risk of colon cancer.
Placebo
There are a number of red flags for identifying nutrition-related misinformation. match the claim to the appropriate red flag. Disclaimers Money-back guarantees testimonial promises of quick and easy health remedies too good to be true
Promises of quick and easy health remedies: Juicing is easy and fun! Start the juice it weight loss plan and lose 20 pounds in 2 weeks.
Identify the class of nutrients involved in each of the major body functions carbohydrates proteins lipids vitamins
Proteins: production of structural and functional components, fluid balance
Daniel has high blood pressure. His physician instructed him to obtain dietary counseling from a specially trained nutrition, foods, and dietetics expert who can help him control his blood pressure by improving his food selections. Based on this information, Daniel should seek someone who has _______ for credentials. ph.D NDM RDN D.Nutr
RDN
Based on the information that is provided in the description, determine whether the source provides reliable nutrition A nutrition blog about dietary fiber that has the health on the net symbol at the bottom of the website's main page A review about taking ginger to treat nausea that's at https://ods.od.nih.gov a pop-up ad for melatonin that promotes "safe sleep" appears on the main page of melatoninforgreatsleep.com A website that offers subscriptions for monthly supplies of a weight loss formula that accepts major credit cards
Reliable source of nutrition information: A nutrition blog about dietary fiber that has the health on the net symbol at the bottom of the website's main page A review about taking ginger to treat nausea that's at https://ods.od.nih.gov
Based on the information that is provided in the description, determine whether the source provides reliable nutrition A website that's url is www.eatright.org A peer reviewed article from the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Information at www.diabetes.org that discusses blood glucose testing Website that promotes and sells caffeine pills to prevent exhaustion during physical workouts
Reliable source of nutrition information: A website that's url is www.eatright.org A peer reviewed article from the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition Information at www.diabetes.org that discusses blood glucose testing
Match the phytochemical description or food source with its phytochemical category Beta-carotene Caffeine Sulfur containing compounds isoflavoinoids Resveratrol
Resveratrol: antioxidant in red wine, dark chocolate, and cocoa that may inhibit cancer growth
Match the phytochemical description or food source with its phytochemical category Beta-carotene Caffeine Sulfur containing compounds isoflavoinoids Resveratrol
Sulfur Containing compounds: substances in garlic, onions, and broccoli that may inhibit the growth of cancer
There are a number of red flags for identifying nutrition-related misinformation. match the claim to the appropriate red flag. Disclaimers Money-back guarantees testimonial promises of quick and easy health remedies too good to be true
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