Nutrition Test 3 Practice Test
Which of the following foods is the best source of preformed vitamin A? Apples Soybeans Liver Carrots
Liver
The ________ is the primary site for nonessential amino acid production in humans. pituitary gland liver pancreas small intestine
liver
______ cancer causes the most cancer-related deaths among American men and women. liver pancreatic bladder lung
lung
Normal blood pressure is important for good health. Obesity and the intake of too much _____________, can increase the risk of hypertension. carbohydrates protein fat salt
salt
Three-year-old Jamie is a healthy, active child. Based on this information, his body is in ________ nitrogen balance. activated positive pediatric inverse
positive
Scientists have discovered all essential vitamins. false true
true
Threonine is an essential amino acid. false true
true
Threonine is an essential amino acid. true false
true
When healthy skin is exposed to sunshine, it forms a substance that the body converts to vitamin D. true false
true
Fat soluble vitamins act as co-enzymes, assisting enzymes with chemical reactions. True False
False
In 2015-2016, American's typical consumption of fish and shellfish increased compared to 1999. true false
False
Phenylalanine is not an essential amino acid. (Can it be made in the human body = non-essential) false true
False
Since food insecurity is common in the US, so is protein deficiency. True False
False
Trace Minerals are essential mineral elements required in amounts of 100 mg or more per day. True False
False
Vitamins are routinely approved to be used as medicines. True False
False
Which of the following foods is a natural source of vitamin D? Fresh fruit Whole-grain breads and cereals Fatty fish Dark orange and yellow vegetables
Fatty fish
Which of the following substances is usually the limiting amino acid in foods, particularly those of plant origin? Glycine Alanine Lysine Isoleucine
Lysine
Which of the following substances is usually one of the limiting amino acid in foods, particularly those of plant origin? Leucine Phenylalanine Methionine Arginine
Methionine
_______ is added to refined rice during the grain enrichment process. Riboflavin Pantothenic acid Vitamin D Vitamin B-6
Riboflavin
Which of the following menu items does not contain complementary protein? Salad made with apples, pears, and grapes Pita bread dipped in mashed chickpeas Whole-wheat crackers spread with soy nut butter Kidney beans mixed with rice
Salad made with apples, pears, and grapes
Which of the following foods is a good source of high-quality protein? Orange juice Soy milk Leaf lettuce Boiled cabbage
Soy milk
Vitamin D helps the body absorb ________. iron and copper sodium and potassium phosphorus and calcium magnesium and iodine
phosphorus and calcium
A gene is a _________. type of lipoprotein that transports certain vitamins in the bloodstream structure that helps transfer amino acids to ribosomes cellular organelle that helps maintain proper acid-base balance piece of DNA that codes for a specific protein
piece of DNA that codes for a specific protein
A deficiency of vitamin ________ results in deterioration of epithelial cells. A B-6 K B-12
A
Lily is 22 years of age. She usually consumes about 1800 kcal per day. According to AMDR guidelines, protein should comprise ________% of her total energy intake. 10 to 35 20 to 45 40 to 65 30 to 55
10 to 35
Marta is 22 years of age and weighs 132 pounds. Based on her body weight, her RDA for protein is ________ grams. 88 108 68 48
48 (multiply your weight in pounds by 0.36)
A good food source of Calcium Cheese Yogurt Milk All
All
Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids? Sesame seeds Peanuts Fat-free milk Apple
Apple
Which of the following foods is a good source of thiamin? Milk Cheddar cheese Corn oil Bread made from enriched wheat flour
Bread made from enriched wheat flour
Which of the following foods is a rich source of vitamin C? Ground beef Fat-free milk Broccoli Whole-wheat bread
Broccoli
Which of the following foods is not usually responsible for causing allergic responses? Carrots and celery Wheat and shellfish Peanuts and other nuts Fish and shellfish
Carrots and celery
Which of the following substances is a rich source of vitamin D? Collagen Fresh lime juice Cod liver oil Tryptophan
Cod liver oil
Instructions for making proteins are coded in a cell's ________. ribosomes DNA plasma membrane golgi apparatus
DNA
Which of the following foods are a good source of vitamin B-12? Whole-wheat breads Peanuts Apples Eggs
Eggs
Children lacking ___________ have weaker bones and teeth. Sulfur Chloride Iron Flouride
Flouride
One mineral that is usually added to public water supply for teeth health is Iron Zinc Flouride Selenium
Flouride
Which of the following foods is a good source of vitamin K? Green leafy vegetables Citrus fruit Butter Processed poultry products
Green leafy vegetables
Megan takes megadoses of vitamin B-6 because she thinks it benefits her health. After learning about this vitamin in your nutrition class, which of the following statements about vitamin B-6 would be the most accurate information to tell her? Ingesting large doses of vitamin B-6 can cause nerve damage. Vitamin B-6 is the least toxic of the B vitamins. Megadoses of vitamin B-6 can result in calcification of soft tissues. Women who take megadoses of vitamin B-6 are healthier than those who do not take such high doses the vitamin.
Ingesting large doses of vitamin B-6 can cause nerve damage.
Which of the following foods provides the most beta-carotene per serving? Plain yogurt, 1/2 cup Pear, 1 medium, raw Bacon, 1 strip, cooked Mango, 1 medium, raw
Mango, 1 medium, raw
Matt is a vegan. As a result of his diet, he consumes no sources of preformed vitamin A. Which of the following statements explains why he has not developed a deficiency of vitamin A? Matt's diet is rich in vitamin C, which reduces his need for vitamin A. Matt eats plenty of vitamin B-enriched cereal products. Matt's diet contain high amounts of tryptophan. Matt's diet supplies high amounts of beta-carotene.
Matt's diet supplies high amounts of beta-carotene.
Tessa, a healthy, active teenager, was diagnosed with PKU when she was an infant. In addition to foods that are manufactured to be low in phenylalanine, which of the following foods can she eat to meet her protein needs safely? Eggs Chicken Pasta Yogurt
Pasta
Which of the following foods are legumes? Mushrooms Onions Potatoes Peanuts
Peanuts
Which of the following foods is often responsible for causing an allergic response in susceptible persons? Peanuts Broccoli Blueberries Grapes
Peanuts
When combined, which of the following groups of foods forms a complementary protein dish? Peaches, bananas, and apricots Peanuts, rice, and cashews Iceberg lettuce, carrots, and tomatoes Sesame, sunflower, and pumpkin seeds
Peanuts, rice, and cashews
Which of the following substances is an enzyme that participates in the digestion of proteins? Amylase Lipase Mucus Pepsin
Pepsin
Which of the following foods is the least expensive per ounce? Frozen sliced peaches at $2.99 per 16-ounce bag Sliced peaches at $1.29 per 12-ounce can Sliced peaches at $1.49 per 16-ounce can Frozen sliced peaches at $2.59 per 10-ounce bag
Sliced peaches at $1.49 per 16-ounce can
Which of the following statements is true about vitamins? They are usually in foods that Americans commonly eat. Compared to protein, the body requires vitamins in larger quantities. They are the same as minerals. Excesses can be converted to glucose for energy
They are usually in foods that Americans commonly eat.
Carmen is an activechild who is allergic to peanuts. While attending a classroom party, Carmen accidentally was exposed to trail mix that contained peanuts, and she rapidly developed ________ as a result. gluten sensitivity positive protein balance cirrhosis of the liver anaphylactic shock
anaphylactic shock
An ________ is a substance that protects vulnerable molecules from radicals. enzyme antioxidant ion oncogene
antioxidant
An ________ is a substance that protects vulnerable molecules from radicals. oncogene antioxidant enzyme ion
antioxidant
When Thompson was 5 years of age, he began to complain that his stomach hurt, especially after eating meals and snacks. He also experienced chronic diarrhea. His parents noticed that he could eat poultry, meat, dairy foods, fruits, and vegetables without developing any intestinal problems, but he would get a "tummy ache" soon after eating sandwiches, cookies, crackers, or pancakes. Based on this information, Thompson's parents should have him evaluated for ________. irritable bowel syndrome colon cancer celiac disease cystic fibrosis
celiac disease
As a result of an inherited metabolic defect, Christopher's cells have difficulty converting homocysteine to________. folate vitamin B-6 cysteine tryptophan
cysteine
All proteins have potassium in their chemical structures. false true
false
Compared to a triglyceride molecule, a protein molecule ________. is comprised of glucose units has nitrogen in its chemical structure provides more energy has three fatty acids attached to glycerol
has nitrogen in its chemical structure
Compared to a triglyceride molecule, a protein molecule ________. provides more energy has nitrogen in its chemical structure is comprised of glucose units has three fatty acids attached to glycerol
has nitrogen in its chemical structure
Which mineral is necessary for normal thyroid function? iron iodine calcium zinc
iodine
Routine vitamin C supplementation ________. may reduce the duration of cold symptoms by a day or so prevents cancers among the general population prevents Alzheimer's disease may reduce the risk of kidney stones
may reduce the duration of cold symptoms by a day or so
A child with protein-energy malnutrition has a high risk of dying from ________. hyperglycemia measles celiac disease diabetes
measles
Bernard has been suffering from a viral infection for over a week. As a result of the illness, he has a fever and has lost his appetite. Based on this information, his body is in ________ nitrogen balance. positive facilitated deactivated negative
negative
Cooper eats a lot of refined grain products that have not been enriched with nutrients. He likes to eat fresh fruit, cabbage, and corn; but he avoids pork, beef, poultry, chicken, eggs, and dairy foods. Recently, he has been feeling tired, and his muscles are not as strong as they used to be. The skin of his face and neck has red and scaly patches. For the past couple of days, he has had bouts of diarrhea. Based on this information, Cooper probably is suffering from________. scurvy xerophthalmia pernicious anemia pellagra
pellagra
Marta is a teenager who doesn't eat fruits and vegetables. Her diet consists primarily of chicken, cottage cheese, yogurt, white bread, and butter. Furthermore, she doesn't take dietary supplements. Based on this information, Marta has a high risk of________. osteomalacia pellagra beriberi scurvy
scurvy
Ron's diet lacks niacin. He hasn't developed pellagra, because he consumes a high-protein diet that contains plenty of ________, the precursor for niacin. alpha-tocopherol tryptophan alanine beta-carotene
tryptophan
Which of the following statements is true? Vitamins supply about 2 kcal per gram. Most vitamins cannot be synthesized by the human body. The body stores vitamins in the liver, spleen, and bones. The body excretes fat-soluble vitamins more easily than water-soluble vitamins.
Most vitamins cannot be synthesized by the human body.
Proteins help the body maintain its proper acid-base balance. true false
true
Isabella is 24 years of age and weighs 156 pounds. Based on her body weight, her RDA for protein is about ________ grams. 125 345 57 47
57 (multiply by .36)
How many grams of protein a day does an individual who weights 78 kg need? 62.4g 78 g 7.8 g 0.8 times their weight in pounds
62.4g
Fluid Balance is maintained in the body by Electrolytes No answer text provided. All Water intake and output
All
According to the Nutrition Facts panel on a can of tuna, one serving of the fish supplies 16 g of protein. The DV for protein is 50 g. Estimate the %DV for protein in a serving of the tuna. 32% 800% Cannot be determined by using the information provided in the question 3.125%
Answer: 32% Explanation: 16x100/50 = 32% Daily Value
Fred is a lactovegetarian. Which of the following foods does he eat? Eggs Fish Cheese Chicken
Cheese
Fred is a lactovegetarian. Which of the following foods does he eat? Cheese Chicken Eggs Fish
Cheese (does not eat meat nor eggs but consumes dairy products)
Felicity's LDL cholesterol level is too high. To lower her cholesterol level, she took large doses of a certain vitamin supplement, but she experienced gastrointestinal ulcers and liver damage as a result. Based on this information, which vitamin did she take? B-12 Vitamin C Niacin Riboflavin
Niacin
________ are water-soluble vitamins. Niacin, riboflavin, and thiamin Pantothenic acid, vitamin A, and choline Vitamins B-12, B-6, and E Vitamins K, D, and E
Niacin, riboflavin, and thiamin
Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids? Cottage cheese Chicken Pistachio nuts Onions
Onions
Which vitamin is needed to make coenzyme A? Pantothenic acid Vitamin B-6 Vitamin A Biotin
Pantothenic acid
Which vitamin is needed to make coenzyme A? Vitamin A Biotin Vitamin B-6 Pantothenic acid
Pantothenic acid
Which vitamin is needed to make coenzyme A? Vitamin B-6 Vitamin A Pantothenic acid Biotin
Pantothenic acid
________ are water-soluble vitamins. Thiamin, vitaminK, and niacin Vitamin A, riboflavin, and vitamin C Pantothenic acid, vitamin C, and thiamin Vitamin D, A, andE
Pantothenic acid, vitamin C, and thiamin
Which of the following hormones acts to increase calcium absorption and decrease urinary calcium excretion? Antidiuretic hormone Insulin Glucagon Parathyroid hormone
Parathyroid hormone
Which of the following statements is true? People can survive for years by only consuming formula diets that contain all known vitamins Biotin is a vitamin-like substance for humans. Vitamins are classified as being soluble in either alcohol or fat. Scientists are conducting research on plants to discover more vitamins that are essential for human beings.
People can survive for years by only consuming formula diets that contain all known vitamins
You are planning a party for a group of friends. Which of the following foods can you serve to everyone at the party, without having to worry about your friend who has celiac disease? Corn beef on rye bread Pieces of melon and berries Cheddar cheese on wheat crackers Pizza made with whole-grain flour
Pieces of melon and berries
Buddy is a vegan. Which of the following foods does he eat to supply his diet with protein? Eggs Fat-free milk Quinoa Butter
Quinoa
Which of the following foods is a poor source of essential amino acids? Cashew nuts Red cabbage Fat-free milk Sunflower seeds
Red cabbage
Which of the following vitamins plays a direct role in energy metabolism? Vitamin A Vitamin K Riboflavin Vitamin C
Riboflavin
During digestion, which of the following substances denatures the proteins in food? Amylase Stomach acid Intrinsic factor Mucus
Stomach acid
Of the following foods, which is the best source of essential amino acids? Leaf lettuce Sunflower seeds Grape juice Carrots
Sunflower seeds
Which of the following statements is true? The human body normally uses very little protein for energy. Proteins are comprised of phosphorus, oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon. The body needs protein to make sodium, calcium, and other mineral elements. Proteins are comprised of smaller chemical units called nucleic acids.
The human body normally uses very little protein for energy.
Which of the following substances is usually one of the limiting amino acid in foods, particularly those of plant origin? Threonine Asparagine Phenylalanine Leucine
Threonine
Alanine is not an essential amino acid. true false
True
Which of the following vitamins does not play a direct role in energy metabolism? Niacin Thiamin Pantothenic acid Vitamin B-12
Vitamin B-12
Which of the following vitamins does not play a direct role in energy metabolism? Vitamin B-12 Pantothenic acid Thiamin Niacin
Vitamin B-12
Dorothy is a 65-year-old woman with pernicious anemia. What treatment would her doctor recommend? A vegan diet Iron supplements Vitamin C supplements Vitamin B-12 injections
Vitamin B-12 injections
________ are fat-soluble vitamins. Vitamins K, E, and D Niacin, riboflavin, and thiamin Pantothenic acid, vitamin A, and choline Vitamins B-12, B-6, and E
Vitamins K, E, and D
Which of the following foods is not a good source of thiamin? Whole milk Pork chops Bread made from enriched wheat flour Wheat germ
Whole milk
The building blocks of proteins are called ____________________ and there are ______ of them, ______ of which are essential for human.s amino acids, 20, 11 simple sugars, 4, 2 amino acids, 4, 2 none of the listed are correct
amino acids, 20, 11
The deamination process forms ________. urine ammonia trans fat glycogen
ammonia
A person suffering from celiac disease must avoid ________. lying down after meals eating foods that contain phenylalanine consuming foods that contain gluten taking dietary supplements that contain homocysteine
consuming foods that contain gluten
A person suffering from celiac disease must avoid ________. lying down after meals eating foods that contain phenylalanine consuming foods that contain gluten taking dietary supplements that contain homocysteine
consuming foods that contain gluten
You would like to bake a special birthday cake for a friend who has celiac disease. The original cake recipe is made with eggs, flour, milk, sugar, vanilla, and butter. To make a cake that is safe for your friend to consume, you plan to substitute ________ for the ________ in the recipe. cornmeal; flour aspartame; sugar margarine; butter water; milk
cornmeal; flour
The classic signs and symptoms of pellagra include________. heartburn dermatitis night blindness weak bones
dermatitis
A medical researcher has isolated a chemical from cigarette smoke. When the scientist mixes a small amount of the substance with living human cells, the chemical damages unsaturated fatty acids in the cells' plasma membranes. He is able to prevent this damage by adding vitamin E to the mixture of the chemical and cells. Based on this information, the scientist has ________. determined that the chemical in cigarette smoke is an oxidizing agent discovered a vitamin-based cure for lung cancer conducted an in vitro experiment under poorly controlled conditions identified vitamin E as a prooxidant
determined that the chemical in cigarette smoke is an oxidizing agent
The classic signs and symptoms of pellagra include________. diarrhea night blindness dry cough edema
diarrhea
The Nutrition Facts panel on a food label ________. does not include information about the product's protein quality does not provide information about the amount of protein in a serving of the food typically includes information about the bioavailability of protein in the product provides information about a product's essential amino acid content
does not include information about the product's protein quality
To prevent dehydration in a person with fever, vomiting and diarrhea, instead of just drinking water they should also include ________. calcium electrolytes nothing, just drink water copper
electrolytes
Plant-based diets may not supply enough ________ to meet a child's needs. magnesium vitamin C energy fiber
energy
Having excess body fat increases the risk of________. beriberi diverticulosis esophageal cancer pernicious anemia
esophageal cancer
During the grain enrichment process, refined wheat flour has vitamins E, C, and D added to it. true false
false
Gluten sensitivity is the medical name for celiac disease. false true
false
In 2020, the stomach was the leading site for new cases of cancer among American women. true false
false
In humans, the pancreas is the main site for nonessential amino acid production. true false
false
Lysine is not an essential amino acid. true false
false
Peaches and apricots are classified as legumes. false true
false
The Nutrition Facts panel provides information concerning amounts of seven essential amino acids in a serving of food. true false
false
Vitamin K is a powerful antioxidant. false true
false
An amino acid does not contain a(an) ________. fatty acid acid group nitrogen-containing group carbon skeleton
fatty acid
Which food source is best for incorporating Vitamin D into a diet? fatty fish citrus fruits red, orange and yellow vegetables leafy greens
fatty fish
Pregnant women who have a history of inadequate ________ intakes are at risk of having babies with neural tube defects. iron vitamin A selenium folate
folate
Niacin is a water-soluble vitamin. true false
true
Gina is pregnant. Although Gina's physician prescribed a prenatal vitamin for her to take daily, Gina thought she could have a very healthy baby by taking extra vitamins, so she took several other dietary supplements, including those that contained vitamin A. As a result, her total intake of vitamin A was over 5000 mcg RAE/day. Based on this information, Gina is at risk of ________. developing gestational diabetes mellitus giving birth to a baby with birth defects giving birth to a baby with cystic fibrosis developing vitamin C-resistant scurvy
giving birth to a baby with birth defects
A Major risk factor of having ________ is stroke and _______ is reduced bone structure. crohns, diverticulitis IBS, Diabetes hypertension, osteoporosis Cushings, graves
hypertension, osteoporosis
When consumed with certain plant foods, vitamin C enhances the absorption of________. niacin riboflavin iron calcium
iron
Which of the following determine the vitamin content in a plant. Check all that apply its genetic make up the composition of the soil sunlight exposure how it is cooked No answer text provided.
its genetic make up the composition of the soil sunlight exposure how it is cooked
Which food source is best for incorporating Vitamin K into the diet? leafy greens fatty fish citrus fruits red, orange and yellow vegetables
leafy greens
The ________ is main site of deamination in the body. gallbladder thyroid liver spleen
liver
The ________ is the primary site for nonessential amino acid production in humans. small intestine pancreas liver pituitary gland
liver
A team of food scientists wants to develop a formula diet for newborns that is a nutritionally complete food that replaces human milk. To support normal infant development, the formula must have ________ as an ingredient. lactose homocysteine lysine lipase
lysine
Rosa is a teenager who has an eating disorder characterized by self-imposed starvation. Based on this information, her body is in ________ nitrogen balance. positive denatured negative activated
negative
Victoria is 92 years of age. Recently, she experienced a viral infection that has made her weak and lose interest in eating. Based on this information, Victoria is in ________. anaphylactic shock negative nitrogen balance facilitated re-energizing mode positive nitrogen equilibrium
negative nitrogen balance
An early symptom of vitamin A deficiency is ________. headaches night blindness swollen tongue hair loss
night blindness
Every amino acid has ________ in its chemical structure. iron potassium nitrogen chloride
nitrogen
High intakes of vitamin A during pregnancy can cause birth defects. This is an example of ________. nutrifanatics nutrigenetics nutripronomics nutrigenomics
nutrigenomics
Jameela is an Iranian woman living in poverty. She is almost completely covered in heavy veils when in public places. Her usual diet includes legumes, small amounts of yogurt, whole-grain bread and rice, fruits, and a few vegetables. Based on this information, Jameela is most at risk of ________. beriberi scurvy pellagra osteomalacia
osteomalacia
Diets that contain high amounts of red or processed meats are associated with an increased risk of developing __________. phenylketonuria (PKU) pancreatic cancer protein undernutrition malabsorption in children
pancreatic cancer
People can die from pellagra. false true
true
Sam wants to lower his risk of colorectal cancer. According to scientific studies, consuming ________ may increase his risk of this chronic disease. Brussels sprouts onions citrus fruit processed meat
processed meat
A scientist isolates a water-soluble compound from spider venom. The substance has nitrogen, carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in its chemical structure. Based on this information, the compound is probably a ________. protein triglyceride polysaccharide mineral salt
protein
Food allergies are typically toward which macromolecule found in food? proteins Lipids DNA carbohydrates
proteins
To tenderize a thin piece of raw meat before cooking it, place the meat in a marinade that contains ________. plain water cooked mushrooms olive oil red wine
red wine
What are the functions of water in the body. Check all that apply removes wastes regulates body temperature acts as a solvent aids in digestion
removes wastes regulates body temperature acts as a solvent aids in digestion
Match the types of vegetarianism Eats some meat, but not red meat Eats eggs but no dairy Eats dairy but no eggs Eats no animal proteins at all
semivegetarian, ovovegetarian, lactovegetarian, vegan
Match the types of vegetarianism to what the individual eats Eats some meat, but not red meat Eats eggs but no dairy Eats dairy but no eggs Eats no animal proteins at all
semivegetarian, ovovegetarian, lactovegetarian, vegan
May is 89 years of age. Her heart is weak, so she spends most of her time lying in bed or sitting in a chair. Although she takes medication for hypertension, she has been unable to keep her blood pressure in the normal range. Her diet consists mainly of apples, leafy vegetables, gelatin, toast, butter, tea, and chocolate candy. May's lower legs and feet and swollen. Based on this information, the swelling is probably the result of a(an) ________. dietary fiber deficiency PKU chronic bladder infection starvation diet
starvation diet
To conserve the vitamin content of foods, ________. store in warm conditions, and expose to sunlight and air peel vegetables and cut into small pieces before cooking in water cook slowly in large amounts of water stir-fry instead of boil
stir-fry instead of boil
"Eczema" is a common sign of a food allergy. true false
true
"Hives" are a common sign of a food allergy. true false
true
A team of food scientists wants to develop a formula diet for newborns that is a nutritionally complete food that replaces human milk. To support normal infant development, the formula must have ________ as an ingredient. aspartic acid taurine tryptophan glutamic acid
tryptophan
In 2015-2016, Americans typically ate more protein from ________ than they consumed in 1999. unprocessed poultry fish and shellfish processed meat unprocessed red meat
unprocessed poultry
In 2015-2016, American's typical consumption of ________ decreased compared to 1999. fish and shellfish unprocessed red meat unprocessed poultry processed meat
unprocessed red meat
In 2015-2016, American's typical consumption of ________ decreased compared to 1999. unprocessed poultry unprocessed red meat processed meat fish and shellfish
unprocessed red meat
On sunny days, Juan spends at least 20 minutes exercising outdoors, because he knows sunlight helps his body make ________. vitamin D choline copper glucose
vitamin D
The liver needs ________ to make certain blood clotting factors. vitamin C homocysteine vitamin K riboflavin
vitamin K
In the United States, newborns receive an injection of ________ to prevent ________. vitamin K; bleeding thiamin; beriberi niacin; pellagra vitamin C; collagen breakdown
vitamin K; bleeding