OPER 3100 Test #3

Using the assembly-line balancing procedure, which of the following is the theoretical minimum number of workstations if the task times for the six tasks that make up the job are 4, 6, 7, 2, 6, and 5 minutes, and the cycle time is 10 minutes?

A) 3

Which of the following best describes the term cycle time? A) Average time between completions of successive units B) Ratio of the time a resource is activated over its use C) Can be no more than 60 minutes D) The same as utilization E) The labor content of the item being measured

A) Average time between completions of successive units

Some of the suggestions for a good layout for manufacturing and back-office operations include which of the following?

A) Backtracking kept to a minimum

An area between stages where output is stored prior to its use in a downstream stage is called: A. Buffer B. Batch C. Blocking D. Bottleneck

A) Buffer

Which of the following is not considered an input to the layout decision in facility layout analysis?

A) Cost per square foot of alternative facilities

Which of the following is a time-to-market performance measure used in judging product development performance?

A) Number of projects completed

In a time study the normal time is equal to: A) Observed performance time per unit x performance rating B) Observed performance time per unit + performance rating C) Observed performance time per unit - performance rating D) Observed performance time per unit / performance rating E) None of the above

A) Observed performance time per unit x performance rating

An advantage of a make-to-stock process is which of the following? A) Rapid delivery of a standard product B) All units of output are unique C) It responds directly to customer orders D) It allows the firm to avoid inventory costs E) It combines the best features of other processes

A) Rapid delivery of a standard product

Getting an autograph from a famous person might involve standing in which type of queuing line structure?

A) Single channel, single phase

There are many applications of poka-yokes in service organizations. Which of the following is one of the three-T's used to classify poka-yokes?

A) Task

In the design of retail service layouts, the term "ambient conditions" could refer to which of the following?

A) Temperature

A machine is designed to produce units at a rate of 30 per minute or one unit every two seconds. The setup time to configure the machine is 30 minutes. What is the operation time to make a batch of 10,000 units? A. 363.33 minutes B. 300,000 minutes C. 600 minutes D. 21,800 minutes E. None of the above

A. 363.33 minutes

If all activities included in a production process are value-added activities, which of the following is true? A. The value added time is the sum of the all the activity operation times in the process. B. Units are worked on less than 100 percent of the time as they move through a process. C. Buffers are needed in the process. D. Process velocity is always greater than 1. E. None of the above is true.

A. The value added time is the sum of all the activity

You have just determined the actual number of workstations that will be used on an assembly line to be 6 using the assembly-line balancing procedure. The cycle time of the line is 5 minutes and the sum of all that tasks required on the line is 25 minutes. Which of the following is the correct value for the resulting line's efficiency?

B) 0.833

A time study was made of a job to develop new time standards. A worker was observed for 30 minutes. During that time, 40 units were produced. The analyst rated the worker as performing at 120 percent performance rate. What is the normal time for this task?

B) 0.90 minutes

We would expect to see in a group technology layout which of the following?

B) A small team of workers who turn out complete units of work

In a job shop Machine Center A has a ten minute set-up time per batch and a two minute per unit run time. Machine Center B performs the identical function but has a set-up time of thirty minutes and a one minute run time per unit. The job shop makes products in batches ranging from one unit to one hundred units. Assuming capacity is not a limitation on either machine, on which batches should Machine Center B be used?

B) Batches of more than 20 units should be run on machine center B

________ is when the activities in the stage must stop because there is no place to deposit the item just completed. A) Buffering B) Blocking C) Starving D) None of the above

B) Blocking Buffering refers to a storage area between stages where the output of a stage is placed prior to being used in a downstream stage. Starving is when activities in a stage must stop because there is no work.

Which of the following is a characteristic of a well-designed service system?

B) Each element of service system consistent with the operating focus of the firm

An example of a business/industry that uses batch flow process structure is: A) Commercial printer B) Heavy equipment C) Automobile assembly D) Sugar refinery E) French restaurant

B) Heavy equipment

In work sampling, which one of the following main issues must be decided before undertaking the study?

B) How many observations are necessary

Which of the following is not a queue discipline discussed in the textbook?

B) Last in, first out

In the service-system design matrix, a face-to-face total customization service encounter is expected to have which of the following?

B) Low production efficiency

Which of the following is an example of a finite population in a queuing system

B) Machines which have randomly spaced service requirements

A _______________ process ends when the inventory of finished goods has been completed. Customer orders are then served from this inventory. A. Make-to-design B. Make-to-stock C. Make-to-order D. Hybrid E. Flowchart

B) Make-to-stock

Which company pioneered the production line approach to delivering on-site service?

B) McDonald's Corporation

Which of the following work methods design aids might be used by a methods analyst in determining the best work methods to be used by a worker at a fixed workplace?

B) Operations chart

A flow shop layout is often referred to as a: A) Process layout B) Product layout C) Fixed-position layout D) Cellular layout E) Functional layout

B) Product layout

Which of the following is one of the three contrasting approaches to delivering on-site service?

B) Self-service approach

Design for manufacturing and assembly delivers product improvements by emphasizing which of the following?

B) Simplification of the product by reducing the number of separate parts

In a college registration process, several department heads have to approve an individual student's semester course load. What is the queuing system line structure?

B) Single channel, multiphase

When the textbook presented the topic of job design decisions, the "what" of these decisions concerned which of the following? A) Time of day B) Tasks to be performed C) Mental and physical characteristics of the workforce D) Method of performance and motivation E) The organizational rationale for the job

B) Tasks to be performed

According to Little's Law, which of the following can be used to estimate work-in-process inventory? A) Process time/Cycle time B) Throughput rate times throughput time C) Process velocity/Throughput time D) Set up time/Throughput rate E) Value added time/Process velocity

B) Throughput rate times/Throughput time

Which of the following terms describes the time a unit spends actually being worked on together with the time spent waiting in a queue? A) Cycle time B) Throughput time C) Run time D) Setup time E) Efficiency

B) Throughput time

Which of the following is one of the primary reasons for work sampling?

B) To measure performance

An advantage of a touch-screen self-order kiosk in a fast food restaurant is: A. It requires company assistance to place customer orders B. Flexibility improves C. Speed decreases D. Accuracy decreases E. Convenience decreases

B. Flexibility improves

If the arrival rate for loading trucks is 5 trucks per hour, what is the mean time between arrivals?

C) 0.2 hours

Assume the service rate for a queue in a truck-loading operation is 2 trucks per hour. Using the infinite queuing notion for the models presented in the textbook which of the following is the average service time?

C) 0.5 hours

A company wants to produce 800 units during a day where the assembly line operates a full 8-hour shift. The required cycle time in minutes is: A) 0.5 B) 1.2 C) 0.6 D) 1.0 E) none of the above

C) 0.6 Cycle time = production time per day/required output per day. In this case 480/800 = 0.60.

A time study was made of a job to develop new time standards. A worker was observed for 30 minutes. During that time, 40 units were produced. The analyst rated the worker as performing at 120 percent performance rate. What is the standard time for this task?

C) 1.00 minutes

The total time to complete all of the tasks for the assembly line referred to in #4 is 2.3 minutes. The theoretical minimum number of stations needed is: A) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5 E) 6

C) 4 The theoretical number of workstations is equal to the sum of task times/cycle time. In this case 2.3/0.6 = 4 (rounded up)

If the normal time for a job is 4 minutes and the allowances for the job are 10 percent of normal time, which one of the following comes closest to the standard time for this job?

C) 4.4 minutes

Using the assembly-line balancing procedure, which of the following is the required cycle time if the production time in minutes per day is 480 and the required output per day in units is 50?

C) 9.6

The type of processing structure that is used for producing discrete products at higher volume is: A) Job Shop B) Batch C) Assembly Line D) Project E) Continuous Flow

C) Assembly Line

A chart used in process flow design depicting an exploded view of a product and its component parts is which of the following?

C) Assembly chart

Job design decisions are being affected by which of the following trends? A) Forecasting methods B) Automatic guided vehicles C) Automation of heavy manual work D) Automated storage and retrieval systems E) Global economic cycles

C) Automation of heavy manual work

Throughput time cannot be reduced in a process by: A) Reducing the utilization of bottleneck equipment B) Performing activates using a serial approach C) Changing the sequence of activities D) Reducing interruptions E) All of the above are ways by which throughput time can be reduced

C) Changing the sequence of activities Performing activities in parallel reduces throughput time.

The average time between completion of units is commonly known as: A) Throughput time B) Operation time C) Cycle time D) Run time E) None of the above

C) Cycle time Operation time is setup time + run time, throughput time is the average time for a unit to move through the system, while run time is the time required to produce a batch of parts.

Which of the following basic types of production layout formats is one which equipment or work processes are arranged according to the progressive steps by which the product is made?

C) Flow-shop layout

Buying food at a large food store with multiple checkout counters features which type of queuing system line structure?

C) Multichannel, single phase

The basic difference between product and process layout pertains to: A) Product mix B) Equipment used C) Pattern of workflow D) Line configuration E) Batch size

C) Pattern of workflow

Which of the following is considered a high-contact service operation?

C) Physician practice

Which of the following basic types of production layout formats is one which similar equipment or functions are grouped together?

C) Process layout

What dimension of competitiveness does time-to-market performance in product design and process selection impact?

C) Responsiveness to customer needs

In practice, often _______ time is not included in the utilization of the process. A) Run time B) Machine time C) Setup time D) A and B E) B and C

C) Setup time In essence, the setup time is categorized like the downtime caused by repair or some other disruption to the process.

Which of the following is an important element in the success of concurrent engineering?

C) Shared integrated design databases

Which following production process term best describes the situation when activities in a stage of production must stop because there is no work? A) Blocking B) Buffering C) Starving D) Buffer E) Setup time

C) Starving

The term "servicescape" refers to which of the following?

C) The physical surroundings in which the service takes place

A break even point indicates which of the following: A) The point where profit is maximized B) The point where cost is minimized C) The point where we are indifferent between two options D) The point where we are most efficient E) All of the above

C) The point where cost is minimized

Which of the following work methods design aids might be used by a methods analyst in determining the best work methods to be used by a worker at a fixed workplace? (2)

C) Time study

The ______________ is the ratio of the time that a resource is actually activated relative to the time that it is available for use. A. Efficiency B. Throughput ratio C. Utilization D. Bottleneck E. All of the above

C) Utilization

According to your text, the most common process metric is: A) Productivity B) Efficiency C) Utilization D) Throughput time E) Cycle time

C) Utilization All are performance process metrics, however, the most common is utilization.

Which of the following is an example of a steady rate assembly line? A. 120 units entering a system and 90 units exiting B. 150 units entering a system and 120 units exiting C. 120 units entering a system and 120 units exiting D. None of the above E. All of the above

C. 120 units entering a system and 120 units exiting

The time required to produce a batch of parts is called: A. Set-up time B. Operation time C. Run time D. Throughput time

C. Run time

A worker was producing a product for which the standard time was one minute per unit. During an eight hour workday, the worker produced 520 units. What would be the worker's pay for that day if the basic pay rate was $10.00 per hour and the piece rate bonus was $2.00 per unit above standard?

D) $160.00

The reasons for work measurement standards include: A) To schedule work and allocate capacity B) To provide a benchmark for improvement C) To provide a subjective basis for motivating the workforce and measuring their performance. D) A and B E) A and C F) A, B, and C

D) A and B

Which of the following is true about make-to-stock processes? A) Make-to-stock processes can be controlled based on the actual or anticipated amount of finished goods inventory. B) Make-to-stock process is used when demand is seasonal and the firm does not have enough capacity to keep up during the peak season. C) Services by their very nature often use make-to-stock processes. D) A and B E) A and C F) A, B, and C

D) A and B Services by their very nature often use make-to-order processes.

The advantage(s) of specialization of labor to management include: A) Rapid training of workforce B) Ease in recruiting new workers C) Greater flexibility to change the production process to produce new or improved products D) A and B E) A and C F) A, B, and C

D) A and B Specialization of labor limits the flexibility to change the production process to produce new or improved products

A process consists of all the following except: A. Inputs B. Outputs C. Transformations D. All of the above

D) All of the above

Global products are often designed to reflect which of the following?

D) As a series of standard modules

The best process flow structure to use for making automobiles is? A) Job shop B) Batch shop C) Group technology cell D) Assembly line E) Continuous flow

D) Assembly line

The major decision variables in equipment selection are: A) Flexibility B) Labor requirements C) Manufacturer D) Both A and B E) Both B and C F) Both A, B and C

D) Both A and B

A process flowchart uses which of the following symbols to represent a decision point in a flow diagram? A) Rectangle B) Arrow C) Inverted triangle D) Diamond E) Dashed line

D) Diamond

In the design of retail service layouts, the term "ambient conditions" could refer to which of the following?

D) Lighting

In the service-system design matrix, a mail contact service encounter is expected to have which of the following?

D) Low sales opportunity

The reward/incentive plan that allows management to target specific output goals is: A) Merit pay B) Profit sharing C) Pay-for-knowledge D) Piece rate E) Gain-sharing

D) Piece rate

The basic elements of a Scanlon Plan include all but: A) The ratio B) The bonus C) The screening committee D) Piece rate E) The production committee

D) Piece rate Piece rate is a reward/incentive plan

According to Hayes and Wheelwright, which of the following is not a major process flow structure? A) Job Shop B) Batch C) Assembly Line D) Project E) Continuous Flow

D) Project A project is a type of job

Which of the following is not an important element in the success of concurrent engineering?

D) The house of quality matrix

Which of the following is not considered a major process flow structure?

D) Virtual Factory

According to Little's Law, which of the following ratios is used to find throughput time? A) Cycle time/Process time B) Throughput time/Process velocity C) Process velocity/Throughput time D) Work-in-Process/Throughput rate E) Value added time/Process velocity

D) Work-in-Process/Throughput rate

Which of the following are not used as reasons to justify time allowances in a time study analysis?

D) Worker illness

A production process is often depicted as a funnel. If liquid is poured into the funnel at a rate greater than it can exit: A. The level in the funnel will continue to grow B. The time it takes the liquid to flow through the funnel increases C. The liquid could spill over the top and never flow through D. All of the above are true

D. All of the above are true

Assume a fixed cost for a process of $15,000. The variable cost to produce each unit of product is $10 and the selling price for the finished product is $25. Which of the following is the number of units that has to be produced and sold to break-even?

E) 1,000 units

The primary applications of work sampling include: A) Ratio delay B) Time standards C) Performance measurements D) Motion time data E) A, B, and C F) All of the above

E) A,B, and C

Which of the following would not be considered an input in the airline business? A) Ground equipment B) Flight crew C) Reservation personnel D) Energy in the form of fuel E) All of the above are inputs

E) All of the above are inputs

The most common things that can happen when two stages are directly linked are: A) Buffering B) Blocking C) Starving D) A and B E) B and C F) A, B, and C

E) B and C Buffering refers to a storage area between stages where the output of a stage is placed prior to being used in a downstream stage. Buffering allows the stages to operate independently.

Which of the following is a basic type of production layout format?

E) Cellular layout

The type of processing structure that is used to produce gasoline, chemicals, and steel is: A) Job shop B) Batch C) Assembly Line D) Project E) Continuous Flow

E) Continuous flow

Some of the advantages for labor to increasing specialization of labor in job design include which of the following?

E) Ease in learning the job

According the ideas of work physiology, if a job requires a caloric expenditure above 5 calories per minute, what rest period is necessary?

E) Equal to or greater than time spent working

Which of the following is not a basic type of production layout? A) Process layout B) Product layout C) Fixed-position layout D) Cellular layout E) Linear layout

E) Linear layout

Which of the following is an advantage of specialization of labor for labor? A) Boredom B) Frustration and fatigue due to limited or no control C) Little opportunity to progress D) Little gratification from work itself E) Little difficulty in learning job

E) Little difficulty in learning job

The advantage(s) of work sampling compared to time study include all the following EXCEPT: A) No timing devices are required B) Work of long cycle time may be studied with a fewer observer hours C) The study may be temporarily delayed at any time with little effect D) Several work-studies may be conducted simultaneously by one observer E) Provides a complete breakdown of elements

E) Provides a complete breakdown of elements

Which of the following approaches to service design is characterized by having the customer take a greater role in the production of the service?

E) Self-service approach

The major difference between the job shop and batch shop categories of process flow structures is which of the following?

E) The stability of the product line

Which of the following is not a job design principle that individuals or work groups require as a logical integration of work activities? A) Task variety B) Skill variety C) Feedback D) Task identity E) Work Physiology

E) Work physiology Work physiology is one approach to incorporating the physical costs of moderate to heavy work in job design.

Processes can be characterized as: A) Single stage or multi stage B) Make-to-stock or make-to-order C) Paced or non-paced D) A and B E) B and C F) A, B, and C

F) A, B, and C

The trends affecting job design decisions include: A) Quality control as part of worker's job B) Cross-training workers C) Extensive use of temporary workers D) Automation of heavy manual work E) A, B, and D F) All of the above

F) All of the above

Which of the following is one of the three contrasting approaches to delivering on-site service?

Production line approach